高三英语二轮专题复习1-10主谓一致与倒装句
主谓一致与倒装句
主谓一致与倒装句主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它要求句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
主谓一致错误会导致句子的构成混乱,影响语言的准确性和流畅性。
另外,在一些特定的情况下,倒装句也被广泛应用。
本文将详细探讨主谓一致和倒装句的使用规则和例子。
一、主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
一般来说,如果主语是单数第三人称,则谓语动词需要加上-s或-es;如果主语是复数,谓语动词则保持原形。
主谓一致错误的例子如下:1. 错误:He like coffee. (正确:He likes coffee.)2. 错误:The dogs is barking. (正确:The dogs are barking.)二、主谓一致规则1. 单数主语:单数主语需要用单数形式的谓语动词。
例子:- The sun shines brightly.- My friend plays the piano.2. 复数主语:复数主语需要用复数形式的谓语动词。
例子:- The students are studying for the exam.- Cats like to chase mice.3. 不可数名词:不可数名词作为主语时,需要用单数形式的谓语动词。
例子:- Water is essential for life.- Music brings people joy.4. 主语连接词:如果主语由两个或更多的部分组成,用and连接,那么需要用复数形式的谓语动词。
例子:- Tom and Jerry are good friends.- His parents work in a hospital.5. 复数名词指一类事物:当复数名词指代一类事物时,需要用单数形式的谓语动词。
例子:- Mathematics is my favorite subject.- Politics is a sensitive topic.三、倒装句倒装句是指将谓语动词放在主语之前的句子结构。
高中英语语法—主谓一致和倒装句(共32张ppt)
数. 如:
The sick here are very well cared for.
2020/6/16
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4、 a kind of, the number of等与名词构成名词短语作主 语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.
The number of workers in the factory is 400. A kind of rose in the garden smells very pleasant.
2020/6/16
7
5、由some, several, both, few, many, a number of 等词 修饰主语,或是由它们自身作主语时应看作复数,谓语动词 用复数.另外,由and连接两个主语时,谓语一般用复数.
On the seashore, some people are playing volleyball. Both of us are fond of watching football games. A number of will-be graduates are voluntarily going to work in the West of China.
2
1
Fill in the blanks with “be”:
Bob _____ a worker.
Bob
Mike and Bob _____ workers.
Mike
Both Mike and Bob ____workers. Neither Mike nor Bob ___a teacher.
2) 表示时间,金钱,距离,体积,重量,面积,数字等词语作主语 时,谓语动词常用单数形式。 如:
2024年新高考版英语主谓一致、虚拟语气、省略、倒装、强调讲解部分
“a number of+复数名词”作主 A number of other plants were
语时,谓语动词用复数形式,意为 found in America.在美洲还发现
“许多……”;“the number of+ 了许多其他的植物。
复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词 The number of people who travel
复合不定代词someone、anyone、everyone、nobody/no one、something、anything、everything、nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数
If anyone sees Lisa, ask her to call me.如果有人看 到莉萨,请她给我打个电话。 Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.世上无难 事,只怕有心人。
If he shouldn't come tomorrow, we would put off the meeting.如果他 明天不来,我们就推迟 这个会议。
使用“(should+)动词原形”的虚拟语气 1.用于宾语从句 以下动词后的宾语从句常常使用虚拟语气,即谓语为“(should+)动词原 形”。
原则
意义 一致
课标必备点梳理
常见用法
例句
当“几分之几/百分之几/half/ the rest/most+of+名词”结构作 主语时,一般根据of后的名词的 单复数决定谓语动词的单复数
20% of the people in the city object to the price of running water going up. 这个城市中百分之二十的人反 对自来水价格上调。
高考英语语法总复习:主谓一致(附练习及答案)
一、专题引入(4 mins)在正式上课之前,我们先来句子纠错,看看你是否细心,是否还记得我们之前学过的知识。
1. Both boys has their own hobbies.2. The class is busy writing English passages.3. Neither you nor I are wrong.每个句子都有一个错误,错误点在于句子谓语动词的使用上,你能找出来吗?(校对答案:1. has- have 2. is – are 3. are – am 并请同学说明原因,考查这位同学是否掌握到位) 二、专题知识梳理(20 mins)知识点1:主谓一致三大考点知识点2:语法一致主语单复数决定谓语动词的单复数形式,即主语是单数,谓语用单数,主语是复数,谓语用复数。
例句:Tow students are waiting for you in your office. 两名学生在办公室等你。
Both girl are interested in listening to music. 两个女孩都对听音乐感兴趣。
1-5 A A B D D6-10 C C A C A【分析】同学需要特别注意的是语法一致,意义一致和就近原则知识点表格上的内容,需要熟记并运用。
五、学法提炼(2 mins)1、专题特点:主谓一致专题的知识点理解较易,但难点在于熟记表格中的每种情况,并能够熟练运用到做题当中去。
2、解题方法:分类熟记知识点表格。
3、分析事项:在考试中,主谓一致中的三个考点是混合出现的,同学必须熟练掌握三个考点各自的内容,以及熟记。
建议课后对知识点条目进行背诵。
一、专题引入(1 mins)上面我们复习了非谓语动词中语法一致的内容,接下来我们继续复习意义一致和就近原则的知识。
二、专题知识梳理(15 mins)知识点1:意义一致情况例句1. 有些集体名词既可以表示单数,又可以表示复数,这类集体名词作主语时,如果它们所表示的人或物是作为一个整体来理解,谓语动词用单数形式;如果作为若干个体来理解,则谓语动词用复数形式这些词有:family, class, crowd, team, group等【注意】people,police等名词一般做复数用1. Class 4 is on the third floor.2. Class 4 are studying in the classroom.3. The police are looking for the lost child.2. 主语是书名,片名,格言,剧名,报名,国名等的复数形式,谓语动词一般ongoing单数形式1. Gone with the wind is an interesting book.3. 表示“时间,重量,长度,价格”等的名词的复数做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式1. Thirty minutes is enough for the work.4. 一些学科名词以-ics 结尾,如:mathematics,politics,physics等,都属于形式上是复数名词,实际意义为单数名词,它们做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式1. Some teachers says that physics is difficult for students to study.5. “the+形容词”表类别、一类人或物,当它表示一类人 1. The rich are not always happy.1-5 A C D B D6-10 C C A C A【分析】同学需要特别注意的是语法一致,意义一致和就近原则知识点表格上的内容,需要熟记并运用。
高三英语主谓一致和强调句、祈使句、倒装句知识精讲
高三英语主谓一致和强调句、祈使句、倒装句【本讲主要内容】主谓一致和强调句、祈使句、倒装句【知识总结归纳】I. 主谓一致小结:主谓一致就是指英语的句子中,句子的主语和谓语动词在单复数的意义表达上达到一致。
主谓一致在高中英语中是很常见的语法现象。
处理主谓一致有三条原则:(1)语法一致(2)意义一致(3)就近原则1. 谓语采取就近原则:either…or…, n either…nor…, or, not only…but (also)…, 等连接两个主语,谓语采取就近原则,与最靠近的主语一致。
Neither he nor they have been to that valley near the city.Is either he or you going to visit the museum?做主语时,谓语与B一致。
2. “not A but B” 做主语时,谓语与A一致。
“A and not B” Not you but he is the winner of the match.You and not he are the winner of the match.3. and,both…and 连接并列主语,谓语通常用复数。
但是,并列主语如果指同一人,同一事物,或同一概念时,谓语用单数。
The poet and writer has come.A knife and fork is on the dinner table.另外,当and 连接的两个单数名词分别被every, each, no修饰时,谓语仍用单数。
Each boy and each girl wants to see the famous film and get a picture of the film star.4. 单个的动名词短语,不定式短语,主语从句做主语,谓语动词一般用单数;并列的此类结构做主语,谓语用复数。
Seeing is believing.To go to the palace with just a flower is to say, “I’m poor. I haven’t any jewelry.Listening, speaking, reading and writing are all important in learning English.5. 表示金钱,度量,时间,距离,路程等复数名词做主语时,一般把这些复数名词视为一个整体,其后谓语动词用单数。
高考语法主谓一致和倒装句(2)(1).
主谓一致一、语法一致原则1. and和both---and---连接两个主语时,谓语用复数。
例:Both Lucy and Lily _____students.2. 不定代词either/neither/ each one等和复合不定代词作主语时,谓语用单数。
例:Each boy has a new book.There ______ something wrong with your bike.3.由each, every, every +….and every +…..或each+…and each +…作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Every man and every woman _____(be busy at working.4. 主语后接有with, along with, together with, as well as, more than, besides, except, but连接另一个主语时,谓语动词与最前面的主语保持一致。
例:Mr Green with his wife _____coming to Beijing.No one but I_____(know the thing.All except Harry ______ (have passed the driving test.5.“a number of+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;”the number of+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
如:A number of trees ______(be cut down.The number of students in our class ____(be 32.6. 成双成对出现的复数名词(glasses,shoes,trousers,pants,gloves等)作主语时,通常谓语动词用复数,但前面有a /the pair of;a /the suit of等词语时,则谓语动词要与量词(pair, suit, piece )在单复数上保持一致。
高中英语知识点归纳句子的主谓一致和倒装结构
高中英语知识点归纳句子的主谓一致和倒装结构主谓一致是英语语法中的一个基本概念。
在句子中,主语和谓语动词需要在人称和数上保持一致。
主谓一致的错误会导致句子结构混乱,使读者产生困惑。
另外,英语中还有一种特殊的句子结构,称为倒装结构。
倒装结构指的是将谓语动词放在主语之前,通常出现在某些特定的句子或语境中。
本文将对主谓一致和倒装结构进行归纳总结。
主谓一致结构要求主语和谓语动词在人称和数方面保持一致。
具体而言,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词需要加上-s或-es。
例如:- He plays tennis every day.(他每天打网球。
)- The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。
)当主语是第一人称单数或复数时,谓语动词保持原形不变。
例如:- I love reading books.(我喜欢看书。
)- We study English every day.(我们每天学习英语。
)此外,在使用连接词(如and、or、but等)连接多个主语时,谓语动词的人称和数要与最靠近的主语保持一致。
例如:- Mary and Alice are good friends.(玛丽和爱丽丝是好朋友。
)倒装结构是英语中另一种常见的句子结构。
在倒装句中,谓语动词位于主语之前。
倒装结构的使用与特定的句子或语境有关。
以下是常见的倒装结构类型:1. 完全倒装结构:主语与谓语动词完全颠倒。
常用于以副词、介词短语或状语从句开头的句子中。
例如:- In the garden sat a beautiful girl.(花园里坐着一个漂亮的女孩。
)- Not only did he pass the exam, but he also got the highest score.(他不仅通过了考试,而且还获得了最高分。
)2. 部分倒装结构:只将助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前,而谓语动词仍然位于主语之后。
届高三英语二轮复习110主谓一致与倒装句PPT课件
二 轮
专
人们为生活而奔波。
题 复
习
·(
形单意复的单词有:people, police, cattle, militia(国民 英 语
自卫队)等。
通 用
)
(2)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用 版
单数。
The news was very exciting. 消息令人振奋。
第一章 语法
形复意单的单词有:news, works(工厂)和一些以ics结
《
尾的学科名称如physics, politics, economics等。
走 向
高
3.就近原则
考 》
二
就近原则指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它
轮 专
题
的主语。
复 习
·(
Among the boys, one or two are able to jump 1.6
英 语
通
meters.
用 版
)
二 轮
一般用复数。
专 题
复
Leech and Bella were here a moment ago.
习
·(
英
里奇和贝拉刚才还在这儿。
语 通
用
My brother and I have both seen the film.
)
版
我兄弟和我都看过这部电影。
Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 水稻和小麦在中国这个地区均可种植。
第一章 语法
《
走
向
高
考
》
二
轮
专
完全倒装句与主谓一致
完全倒装句与主谓一致完全倒装句与主谓一致以下是店铺整理的倒装句中完全倒装的四种句型及主谓一致讲解,希望对大家有所帮助一、完全倒装的四种主要类型1. here 和there位于句首时的倒装表示地点的here和 there位于句首时,其后用完全倒装形式。
这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come, go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词:Here’s Tom. 汤姆在这里。
There’s Jim. 吉姆在那儿。
Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
There goes the last train. 最后一班火车开走了。
【注意】(1) 以上倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态,即不能说 Here is coming the bus。
(2) 若主语为代词,则不倒装:Here I am. 我在这儿。
/ 我来了。
Here it comes. 它来了。
(3) 其中的动词有时也可能是stand, lie, live等表示状态的动词(表示存在):There stood a desk against the wall. 靠墙放着一张书桌。
Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Beef. 从前有个人名叫比夫。
2. away和down等位于句首时的倒装地点副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up 等位于句首时,其后用完全倒装语序。
这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词:Away went the runners. 赛跑选手们跑远了。
Round and round flew the plane. 飞机盘旋着。
The door opened and in came Mr Smith. 门开了,史密斯先生进了来。
Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 下雨了,伞都撑起来了。
倒装句主谓一致口诀
倒装句主谓一致口诀倒装句是英语语法中常见的一种句式,它将谓语动词放在主语之前,从而达到强调、修辞或语气的目的。
在倒装句中,主谓一致是非常重要的语法规则,它要求谓语动词的形式与主语保持一致。
以下是一个简单的口诀,帮助记忆和理解倒装句主谓一致的规则:"主谓一致,动词别犯迷糊。
单数主语,动词加-s,如:He goes to school.复数主语,动词去s,如:They go to school."这个简单的口诀可以帮助我们记住主谓一致的规则。
当主语为单数时,谓语动词需要加上-s的变化形式;而当主语为复数时,谓语动词则不需要加-s。
例如:-The cat jumps over the fence.(猫跳过了篱笆。
)-The dogs bark loudly.(狗们大声吠叫。
)此外,还有一些特殊情况需要注意:1.当主语是第三人称单数,并且以-s结尾的名词时,谓语动词不需要再加上额外的-s。
例如:-James play sbasketball.(詹姆斯打篮球。
)2.当主语是第三人称单数,并且以不发音的字母结尾(如:s,x,z,ch,sh)时,谓语动词需要加上-es的变化形式。
例如:-She watches TV every night.(她每晚看电视。
)-The box closes automatically.(盒子会自动关闭。
)3.当主语是第一人称单数或复数时,谓语动词使用基本形式,不需要加上任何变化。
例如:-I love to read books.(我喜欢读书。
)-We enjoy playing soccer.(我们喜欢踢足球。
)这个口诀可以帮助我们记住倒装句中主谓一致的规则,但在实际应用中还需要根据具体的语境和语法要求进行判断和运用。
通过不断练习和阅读,我们可以更好地掌握和理解英语语法中的各种规则。
最新高考必考语法总复习-主谓一致和倒装句专练附解析
(高|考)语法复习专练主谓一致和倒装句练习1. Every possible means _____ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.A. is usedB. are usedC. has been usedD. have been used2. As a result of destroying the forest, a large ___ of desert ___ covered the land.A. number, hasB. quantity, hasC. number, haveD. quantity, have3. He is the only one of the students who _________ a winner of scholarship for three years.A. isB. areC. have beenD. has been4. - - - How are the team playing?- - - They ,re playing well, but one of them hurt.A. gotB. getsC. areD. were5. When and where to go for the on -salary holiday ___________ yet.A.are not decided B.have not been decidedC.is not being decided D.has not been decided6. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, ______ visiting a museum when theearthquake struck.A wasB wereC had beenD would be7. She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book ____ 50 million.A.have reached B.has reached C.are reaching D.had reached8. All the employees except the manager______to work online at home.A. encouragesB. encourageC. is encouragedD. are encouraged9. No one in the department but Tom and I _______ that the director is going to resign.A. knowsB. knowC. have knownD. am to know10. The country life he was used to ______ greatly since 1992.A. changeB. has changedC. changingD. have changed11. Professor Smith, along with his assistants,______ on the project day and night to meet thedeadline.A. workB. workingC. is workingD. are working12. Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, _________ inthe clothing industry.A.is working B.works C.work D.worked13.Nobody but Jane ____ the secret.A.knowB.knowsC.have knownD.is known14.All but one _____ here just now.A.isB.wasC.has beenD.were15.Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____ tired of having one examination after another.A.isB.areC.amD.be16.A library with five thousand books _______ to the nation as a gift.A.is offeredB.have offeredC.are offeredD.has offered17.When and where to build the new factory _____ yet.A.is not decidedB.are not decidedC.has not decidedD.have not decided18.The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for differentreasons.A.were , wasB.was , wasC.was , wereD.were , were19._____ of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass.A.Two fifth , isB.Two fifth , areC.Two fifths , isD.Two fifths , are20.This is one of the most interesting questions that ____ asked.A.haveB.hasC.have beenD.has been21.Between then two rows of trees _____ the teaching building.A.standB.standsC.standingD.are22. All that can be done______.A.has been doneB.has doneC.have doneD.were done23.They each _____ a new dictionary.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are24.The singer and the dancer ______ come to the meeting.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is25.I have finished a large part of the book ; the rest _____more difficult.A.isB.areC.wasD.were26.The wounded _______ by the hospital.A.have been taken inB.has been taken inC.have taken inD.has taken in历年(高|考)模拟试题中的倒装句1. After that we never saw her again , nor ________ from her.A. did we hearB. we heardC. has we heardD. we have heard2. Not until I began to work _____ how much time I had wasted .A. didn ,t I realizeB. did I realizeC.I didn ,t realizeD.I realize3. - -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?- -I don ,t know, _____.A. nor don ,t careB. nor do I careC.I don ,t care neitherD.I don ,t care also4. You can ,t imagine ______ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excitedB. how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD. they were how excited5. Not until all the fish died in the river _____ how serious the pollution was.A. did the villagers realizeB. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realizedD. didn ,t the villagers realize6. Little _____ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself.A. does he careB. did he careC. he caresD. he cared7. - -David has made great progress recently. - -_______, and _______.A .So he has ; so you have B. So he has ; so have youC. So has he ; so haveD. So has he ; so you have8. - -It was careless of you to have left your clothes outside all night.- -My God! ______ .A. So did IB. So I didC. So were youD. So did you9. Not a single song ________ at yesterday ,s party.A. she sangB. sang sheC. did she singD. she did sing10. ____, he doesn ,t study well.A. As he is cleverB. He is cleverC. Clever as he isD. As clever he is11. Not only _______ difficult to understand, but it was too long.A. it wasB. it madeC. did it makeD. was it12. Only in this way _____ progress in your English.A. you makeB. can you makeC. you be able to makeD. will you able to make13. ______ had I finished my translation when the class was over.A. NeverB. No soonerC. HardlyD. How14. "Did you enjoy that trip?〞"I ,m afraid not. And _____.〞A. my classmates don ,t eitherB. my classmates don ,t tooC. neither do my classmatesD. neither did my classmates15. So carelessly _____ that he almost killed himself.A. he drivesB. he droveC. does he driveD. did he drive16. When the beasts were about to win the battle , _______ to join their ranks.A. flew down the batB. down flew the batC. the bat down flewD. flew the bat down17. Not until the early years of the 19th century ________ what heat is.A. man did knowB. man knewC. didn't man knowD. did man know18. ________for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.A. If it is notB. Were it notC. Had it not beenD. If they were not19. No sooner had he finished his talk _____ he was surrounded by the workers.A. asB. thenC. thanD. when20. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ____with each other.A. they had quarreledB. they have quarreledC. have they quarreledD. had they quarreled21. ____ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had apicnic in the forest.A. Not only they broughtB. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought theyD. Not only they did bring22. Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _____such a beautiful palace.A.can you find B.you could find C.you can find D.could you find23. - - _______ that he managed to get the information?- -Oh, a friend of his helped him.A. Where was itB. What was itC. How was itD. Why was it24. _______, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.A. A quite student as he may beB. Quite students as he may beC. Be a quite student as he mayD. Quite as he may be a student25. - - Father, you promised!- - Well, _______. But it was you who didn ,t keep your word first.A. so was IB. so did IC. so I wasD. so I did26. In the dark forests _______, some large enough to hold several English towns.A. stand many lakesB. lie many lakesC. many lakes lieD. many lakes stand27. - - Well, I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast.- - _______.A. So it isB. So is itC. So does itD. So it does28. Never before _______ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.A. has this city beenB. this city has beenC. was this cityD. this city was29. ______ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for furtherresearch.A. So curious the couple wasB. So curious were the coupleC. How curious the couple wereD. The couple was such curious30.Only after my friend came ________.A. did the computer repairB. he repaired the computerC. was the computer repairedD. the computer was repaired31. It wasn ,t until nearly a month later ______ I received the manager ,s reply.A. sinceB. whenC. asD. that32. They have a good knowledge of English but little ____ they know about German.A. haveB. didC. hadD. do KEY主谓一致答案1-5 C B D A D 6-10 A A D A B 11-15 C C B D B 16 -20 AACCC21 -25 BABBA26 A倒装句答案1 -5 ABBBA 6 -10 BBBCC 11 -15 DBCDD 16 -20 B DCCCB21 -25 BAC B D26 -30 B A A B C 31 -32 D D。
高中英语倒装句+主谓一致讲解
倒装句1.only+状语(短语或从句)以only+状语开头的句子要用部分倒装,即将助动词或连系动词放在主语前面,如:1)Only after my friend came was the computer repaired.只有在我朋友来后电脑才能修好。
2)Only when you pointed it out for me did I realize that I was wrong.只有当你指出来了我才意识到我错了。
练习:1)只有用这种方法我们才能把英语学好。
2)只有当你完成作业后你才能看电视2.not only……but also…… 不但…而且1)当not only…but also连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数原则上与其相近的主语保持一致(就近原则,下面会讲)。
如:Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film. 不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片,他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。
2)为了强调,可将not only置于句首,此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式。
如:Not only has she been late three times, she has also done no work. 她不仅仅迟到了3次,她还没干一点活。
Not only do they need clothing, but they are also short of water. 他们不但需要衣服,而且还缺水。
主谓一致(一)就近原则1. 由here,there,where 等引导的倒装句中,(有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:Here comes my brother and his friends. 我弟弟和他朋友来了。
Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 给你一支钢笔和几张纸。
英语语法倒装句与主谓一致
2 (1).在以here、there、now、then等副词开 头的句子里。 “Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be,go,lie,run) + 主语" 结构。 Here comes the old lady! Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. There comes the bus. Now comes your turn. 如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如: Here you are. There she comes.
二、部分倒装
部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动 词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词, 要在主语之前加助动词do / does / did等,而把 原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。
句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。 1. 句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。 这类词或短语主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom(很少,不常), rarely(很少,罕有), 很少, 很少,罕有) 很少 不常) hardly, scarcely(几乎不,简直没有), no sooner 几乎不,简直没有) 立即) 决不) (立即), not only, in no way(决不), at no time, few, not, no等, 如: Not a word did I say to him. Never have I found him so happy. Little does he care about what I said. I can't swim. Neither can he. No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.
高考英语语法复习二:主谓一致
语法复习二、主谓一致在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。
寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。
(一)语法一致原则:语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
如:His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
如:What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.2、由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。
如:Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Y oung Pioneers.注意:①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
如:The writer and artist has come.; / ②由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。
2021届老高考二轮复习英语小题必练:时态、语态及主谓一致(含答案)
动词的时态和语态是高考常考的语法重点,考纲要求考生应该具备较强的语言应用能力,能在具体语境当中恰当并且准确地使用某一特定的时态,要熟练掌握常见的8种时态,同时还要熟练运用特殊时态的句式以及各种时态的主动和被动形式。
动词的时态和语态是高考中出现频率最高的语法项目。
考题创设的语境比较明确,通常是根据所设置的语境中的信息判断时态以及主谓语之间的主谓或动宾关系。
在高考题语法填空中,通常以时态的考查为主,语态的考查为辅。
侧重考查一般时、进行时及完成时。
考点1 一般时态1.(2020·全国II卷)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers (carry) special significance.【答案】carries【解析】why引导表语从句,从句中主语为动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,由整篇文章语境可知,此处应用一般现在时,故填carries。
【点拨】(1)一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点;表示经常或习惯性的动作,句子中常有often,always,from time to time等时间状语。
(2)表示客观规律、事实和永恒真理。
(3)在时间和条件状语从句中,代替一般将来时;常用的引导词有:时间:when,until,after,before,as soon as,once,the moment/the minute,the day 等;条件:if,unless,provided,so/as long as等。
(4)用于here,there开头的倒装句中,一般现在时表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。
2. (2020·新课标I卷)The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.【答案】touched【解析】句意:无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。
主谓一致、强调句和倒装句、情态动词和虚拟语气讲解以及习题详细解析
主谓一致、强调句和倒装句、情态动词和虚拟语气讲解以及习题详细解析主谓一致主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持人称与数的一致关系。
有些句子不易直接看出主语的单复数,需仔细推敲。
处理主谓一致要注意语法一致,意义上一致和就近一致。
一、语法上的一致一个句子的主语是单数时,谓语动词也应是单数形式,主语是复数,谓语动词也用复数形式。
例如:Learning English is very important.学习英语是很重要的。
The girl together with her two sisters has left for Nanjing.Both Bob and Tom are my friends.但如果并列的主语指的是同一个人,同一类物,谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如:A singer and dancer is going to attend our meeting.由and连接的并列单数主语前,如果分别有each, every等修饰时,谓语要用单数。
例如:Every boy and every girl was given a present.Each word and each phrase in the dictionary is important.二、意义上的一致主语形式是单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词根据意义要用复数;反之主语形式为复数,但意义为单数,谓语动词也用单数。
如表示一笔钱,一段时间,一定重量时,这些单位虽是复数形式,但谓语动词是单数形式。
例如:It seems to me that five years is so short a time.Two hundred dollars was spent on the books.有些集体名词,如family, group, class等作主语时,作为整体看待,谓语动词要用单数,就其中一个个成员而言,谓语要用复数。
例如:My family is a happy one.My family are watching TV.三、就近一致出现几个主语时,谓语动词的人称单复数须和最近的主语保持一致。
中的倒装句与主谓一致
中的倒装句与主谓一致倒装句与主谓一致在英语语法中,倒装句与主谓一致是两个常见的语法现象。
倒装句在构造上与正常语序(主语+谓语)不同,而主谓一致则是指主语与谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致。
本文将详细介绍倒装句与主谓一致的用法及示例。
一、什么是倒装句倒装句是指将谓语动词放在主语之前的句子结构。
一般而言,倒装句的常见情形有以下几种:1. 在以副词或短语开头的句子中,如:"Had I known the truth, I would have acted differently." (如果我早知道真相,我会采取不同的行动。
)"Under no circumstances can you leave the building." (在任何情况下,你都不能离开大楼。
)2. 在以介词短语开头的句子中,如:"On the table sits a beautiful vase." (桌子上摆着一个漂亮的花瓶。
)"In front of the house stood a tall tree." (房子前面矗立着一棵高大的树。
)3. 在表示否定意义的副词或短语放在句首时,如:"Never have I seen such a breathtaking sunset." (我从未见过如此美丽的日落。
)"Little did he know about their plans." (他对他们的计划一无所知。
)二、倒装句的作用和表达方式倒装句的主要作用是为了强调句子中的某一成分,增强语气或改变句子的结构。
根据不同的句型和语法规则,倒装句的表达方式可以是完全倒装、部分倒装或否定倒装。
1. 完全倒装完全倒装是指将整个谓语动词与主语调换位置,形成倒装句。
例如:"Can you swim?" → "Swim you can?" (你会游泳吗?→ 你能游泳吗?)"Is he coming?" → "Coming is he?" (他要来吗?→ 他要来吗?)2. 部分倒装部分倒装是指将助动词、情态动词或系动词与主语调换位置,而将实义动词或其他成分保持不变。
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第1章专题10主谓一致与倒装句1.(2011·全国卷,13)Jane won't join us for dinner tonight and ________.A.neither won't Tom B.Tom won't eitherC.Tom will too D.so will Tom答案:B。
句意:简今晚不会和我们一起吃晚饭,汤姆也不会。
and前面为否定句,因此排除C、D两项;A项应为neither will Tom。
2.(2011·新课标卷,28)Only when he reached the tea-house ________ it was the same place he'd been in last year.A.he realized B.he did realizeC.realized he D.did he realize答案:D。
本题考查倒装句。
句意:只有当他到达茶屋时,他才意识到这和他去年去的是同一个地方。
“only+状语”置于句首时,句子用半倒装语序,故D项正确。
3.(2011·湖南卷,32)Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours ________ a decision.A.they reached B.did they reachC.they reach D.do they reach答案:B。
本题考查倒装句式。
句意:他们只有在讨论这个问题几个小时后,才决定下来。
“only+状语”放在句首,主句的谓语动词需用部分倒装形式,由句中的had discussed 可知此处应用一般过去时态。
4.(2010·重庆卷)At the meeting place of the Y angtze River and the Jialing River ______,one of the ten largest cities in China.A.lies Chongqing B.Chongqing liesC.does lie Chongqing D.does Chongqing lie答案:A。
考查倒装。
表示方位的介词短语at the meeting place of the Y angtze River and the Jialing River位于句首,故此处应该用全部倒装。
5.(2010·江西卷)Not until he left his home ______ to know how important the family was for him.A.did he begin B.had he begunC.he began D.he had begun答案:A。
考查倒装句。
句意:直到离开家,他才开始意识到这个家对他来说是何等的重要。
not until引导的从句置于句首时,主句需用部分倒装。
主从句的动作基本同时发生,故用一般过去时。
6.(2010·湖南卷)Listening to loud music at rock concerts ______ caused hearing loss insome teenagers.A.is B.areC.has D.have答案:C。
考查主谓一致。
句意:在摇滚音乐会上听很吵的音乐已造成了一些青少年的听力丧失。
动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
故选C项。
7.(2010·四川卷)Such poets as Shakespeare______widely read,of whose works,however,some______difficult to understand.A.are;are B.is;isC.are;is D.is;are答案:A。
考查主谓一致。
第一空格poets为主语,第二空格some(works)为主语,谓语动词都应该用复数。
8.(2010·四川卷)We laugh at jokes,but seldom______about how they work.A.we think B.think weC.we do think D.do we think答案:D。
考查倒装句。
seldom置于句首时,句子要采用部分倒装。
句意:我们听到笑话会开怀大笑,但我们很少思考它是怎样让人笑的。
9.(2010·陕西卷)John opened the door.There ______ he had never seen before.A.a girl did stand B.a girl stoodC.did a girl stand D.stood a girl答案:D。
考查倒装。
表示存在关系的句子,将表地点的副词或介词短语提至句首时,若主语为名词,应采用完全倒装语序。
此题中将表地点的副词there提到了句首,而且主语为名词a girl,所以要采用完全倒装语序,所以选D项。
10. (2009·福建卷)For a moment nothing happened. Then ______ all shouting together.A. voices had comeB. came voicesC. voices would comeD. did voices come答案:B。
考查倒装句。
副词then位于句首,且当句子的主语是名词时,句子用全部倒装,选B。
句子的意思是“此刻什么也没有发生。
然后传来了一起大叫的声音”。
11. (2009·四川卷)Not until I came home last night ______ to bed.A. Mum did goB. did Mum goC. went MumD. Mum went答案:B。
考查倒装句。
not until从句置于句首时,主句倒装,故排除选项A和D;对于一般过去时的倒装要借助于助动词did,故B项正确。
12. (2009·全国卷)New technology was used in teaching. As a result, not only______,but students became more interested in the lessons.A. saved was teachers' energyB. was teachers' energy savedC. teachers' energy was savedD. was saved teachers' energy答案:B。
考查倒装句。
not only ...but also ...前后连接两个句子时,not only后的句子要用部分倒装,但but also后的分句不用倒装,故B项正确。
13. (2009·陕西卷)Little ______ about her own safety ,though she was in great danger herself.A. did Rose careB. Rose did careC. Rose does careD. does Rose care答案:A。
考查倒装句。
句意:尽管Rose自己处于极大的危险中,但是她几乎没有在意自己的安全。
little ,never, hardly, seldom , neither 等否定副词放在句首时,句子的主语和谓语要构成部分倒装;又由though she was in great danger herself可知,句子的时态为过去时。
14. (2009·山东卷)So sudden ______ that the enemy had no time to escape.A. did the attackB. the attack didC. was the attackD. the attack was答案:C。
本题考查倒装。
so ...that..., such...that...的句子结构中,若so, such 和与其所修饰的词置于句首,实行部分倒装,又sudden是形容词,作表语,所以选C。
15. (2009·重庆卷)Unsatisfied ______ with the payment ,he took the job just to get some work experience.A. though was heB. though he wasC. he was thoughD. was he though答案:B。
考查though引导的倒装句。
强调表语,将它提前,不影响其他词序。
正常表达为:Though he was unsatisfied with the payment ...。
16. (2009·四川卷)The teacher together with the students ______ discussing Reading Skills that______ newly published in America.A. are; wereB. is; wereC. are; wasD. is; was答案:D。
考查主谓一致。
当(together)with连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与前面主语相一致,故根据第一空排除选项A和C;第二空考查定语从句中的主谓一致,先行词Reading Skills是一本书,故看作单数,所以D项正确。
17. (2009·陕西卷)Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, ______ visit Beijing this summer.A. is going toB. are going toC. was going toD. were going to答案:A。
考查主谓一致。
together with, along with, as well as以及with等词前后连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的形式由together with, along with, as well as以及with前的名词的单复数来决定。
本句中together with前的主语Dr. Smith是单数形式;由thissummer可知,今年夏天还没到来,故选A。
18. (2009·湖南卷)Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.A. areB. isC. haveD. be答案:B。