跨文化交际实用教程unit3课件
跨文化 Unit 3
Unit 3 Daily Verbal Communication (Ⅱ)
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Unit 3 Daily Verbal Communication (Ⅱ)
01 Warm-up Cases 02 Compliments and Compliment Responses 03 Social Functions of Compliments 04 Differences Between CCs and ECs 05 Common Response Formulas of ECs and CCs 06 Cultural Assumption 07 Expressions of Gratitude and Apology
Unit 3 Daily Verbal Communication (Ⅱ)
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01 Warm-up Cases
Case The Embarrassment Caused by “No Etiquette” (P46)
p No help for Old People
My landlady was over 70 and we got along very well. Once when we were ascending[ə'sɛnd](攀登) the stairs together, I stretched out my hands to give her some help. She said, “I can do it. Thank you.” I thought she was just being polite, so I escorted['ɛskɔt](护送 ) her to the top floor. Her face showed that she could do nothing about my over-kindness. Soon after, I saw her going up the stairs alone, I forgot my previous lesson and practiced “Lei Feng” once again. This time, half-jokingly and half-seriously, she asked me, “Young man, do you think I am old and useless? When I have to move myself on a wheelchair, I’ll ask you for help.” I stood there, blushed and puzzled. (Translated from China Commercial News, July 8,2001)
跨文化交际实用教程课件
3.The Filipinos were talking in their own native language. No doubt the British felt left out, which is unacceptable and rarely occurs on social occasions in Britain.
Work in Pairs to act out the following two cases:
a. A young Chinese woman in the U.S. was complimented by an American woman for the lovely dress she was wearing: “It’s exquisite. The colors are so beautiful!” She was pleased but somewhat embarrassed. In typical Chinese fashion, she replied, “Oh, it’s just an ordinary dress I bought in China.”
Positive Functions of Compliments
It's a good manner to compliment others. A sincere compliment is always a welcome boost to someone’s day.
跨文化交际第三章ppt
Dominant American Cultural Patterns
Individualism
by John Locke
Each individual is unique,
special, completely different
from others.
Equality
All people has the right to succeed
Proverbs (explanation) • Blood is thicker than water. Value: family, loyalty Origin: Scotland • The early bird catches the worm. Value: action Origin: England • God helps those who help themselves. Value: self-help Origin: Greece • Haste makes waste. Value: patience Origin: England • Time is money. Value: efficiency Origin: USA • Think three times before you take action. Value: caution Origin: China
organization interpretation
Second
Selection/stimulation
Understanding Perception
Cultural Filters & Perceptions
information and impressions from reality
跨文化交际课程unit3
The Chinese host often constantly puts the best pieces of food on the visitor's plate, which is an expression of hospitality. Westerners, on the other hand, usually leave the guest to help himself/herself and do not keep urging him/her to eat more. In China it is acceptable to leave unwanted food on the plate, whereas according to Western custom, it is impolite to do so.
How could you help "I" in this case out of the awkward situation?
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Case 2 Sitting Down
W: (Showing C the sofa) Sit down, please.
C: No, no. I'll sit here. (Moving towards a chair)
Intercultural Communication
Lecture 3: verbal communication
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Review
Code
Language code
Behaviour code Context
High-context communication Low-context communication
跨文化交际中英文化对比教学课件Unit 3 Cuisine and dining etiquette
耳white fungus银耳 • wax [wæ ks] n. 蜡；蜡状物vt. 给…上蜡vi. 月亮渐满；增大
• gourd [ɡʊrd,ɡɔːrd] n. 葫芦，葫芦属植物 wax gourd（= winter melon）冬瓜 • tender [ˈtendər] adj. 温柔的；（食物）柔软的，嫩的；疼痛的；（植物）脆弱的 • umami [uːˈmɑːmi] n. （食物的）鲜味adj. 鲜味的 • diverse daɪˈvɜːrs] adj. 不同的，相异的；多种多样的，形形色色的 • delicacy [ˈdelɪkəsi] n. 美味；佳肴；微妙；精美；敏锐；世故，圆滑 • shellfish [ˈʃelfɪʃ] n. 甲壳类动物；贝类 • turtle [ˈtɜːrtl] n. 龟，甲鱼；海龟 • mushroom [ˈmʌʃrʊm,ˈmʌʃruːm] n. 蘑菇，伞菌；蘑菇形物体；暴发户 • shoot [ʃuːt] vt./n. 射击，射中；拍摄；发芽bamboo shoot竹笋 leek shoot 韭黄 • apricot [ˈæprɪkɑːt,ˈeɪprɪkɑːt] n. 杏，杏子；杏树；杏黄色preserved apricot杏脯 • Buddha [ˈbuːdə,ˈbʊdə] n. 佛陀；佛像 • oyster [ˈɔɪstər] n. 牡蛎，蚝；沉默寡言的人oyster sauce 蚝油 • lychee ['litʃi] n. 荔枝；荔枝树（等于litchi或lichi） • dainty [ˈdeɪnti] adj. 美味的；讲究的；秀丽的；挑剔的n. 美味 • sauté [ˈsəʊteɪ] v. 煸；嫩煎
跨文化交际实用教程unit 3(课堂PPT)
★Common response formulas of English and
Chinese compliments
★Expressions of gratitude and apology in
English and Chinese
III. Case Study IV. Summary V. Assignments
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Case 3 Why should they do like this?
Comment: 1.The British people maintain their etiquette and
social manners even when they are very excited.
2.The Filipino couple did not introduce their Filipino friend to him
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II. Compliments
pliment and compliment responses
B. Social functions of compliments
C. Differences between Chinese compliments and English compliments (semantic formula and syntactic formula)
2.In Philippines, a person cannot be a friend and a critic at the same time , or at least not in public. Stan should find some other way (acceptable to the Filipinos) to voice his comments.
unit3CulturalDiversity跨文化交际大学教学课件
只是他们的杯子不一样而已 ----本尼迪克特
Joke appreciation for cultural diversity
• A young lady’s miniskirt was accidentally torn open by a young man. Please decide where they come from according to their responses to this incident.
world) • Belief (what we believe as true) • Value (a system of criteria
known as rules and guideposts)
Why is one culture different
from another?
More deeply
his coat on the girl and called a
taxi to send her home.
Gentle and
England
conservative
Joke appreciation for cultural
diversity
• 4. Before the man saying sorry, the woman gurgled and put her hand on the man’s shoulder: “Sir, if you do not mind, you can buy me a red rose to show your apology.” Then the man bought her a rose and they went to a hotel together to study more about the skirt.
跨文化交际第三章课件
跨⽂化交际第三章课件Unit 3Daily Communication (II)Case AnalysisCompliments and Compliment Responses Gift-giving and gift-receiving ExercisesCase AnalysisAn Invitation to DinnerThe Cancellation of the Dinner Party Why should they do like this The Embarrassment Caused by “No Etiquette”Compliments and Compliment ResponsesMain point: Chinese modestySocial functions of compliments Differences between Chinese compliments and English complimentsCultural assumptionExpressions for gratitude in English and ChineseCommon expressions for apology inChinese ModestyOh, it’s an ordinary dress I bought in China.Should I blush, or should I tell him you don’t really mean it Growing flowers is my hobby, but I’m not much good at it.I really know so little about the subject....Social functions of complimentsCreating or reinforcing solidarity greeting peopleexpressing thankscongratulationencouraging peoplesoftening criticismstarting a conversationgetting over embarrassmentDifferences between Chinese compliments and English complimentsThe Semantic formulaThe Syntactic FormulaCommon responses formula in E-and C-complimentsThe Semantic FormulaEnglish:This was a great meal.Bill, you look so nice today.I love your dresses.About 80% adj. 16%verbs Chinese:你的房间不错。
高中英语跨文化交际实用教程unit3课件
I like this picture.
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Response Formulas of E and C compliments
American English A: This is really a nice sweater. B: I’m glad you like it. A: You did a good job. B: Thank you/Thanks. Chinese: A: Your sweater is very good. B: I bought it only for ten yuan. A: You did the job very well. B: That’s the result of joint efforts./There’s
■ Chinese people interpret other’s
positive compliments as a request for possessing something.
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The Semantic Formula
English compliments: Adjectives Verbs This was a great meal. You look so nice today. You did a good job.
Learn expressions of gratitude and apology in English and Chinese
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CONTENTS
I. Warm-up cases II. Detailed Study:
★Compliments and compliment responses ★Social functions of compliments ★Differences between Chinese and English
跨文化交际实用教程unit3课件
Differences between Chinese and English Compliments W: It is common for a man to informally give
a woman compliments on her looks or clothing
C: It is taken as a kind of flirtation if a man
■ I like NP
I like this picture.
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Response Formulas of E and C compliments
American English A: This is really a nice sweater. B: I’m glad you like it. A: You did a good job. B: Thank you/Thanks. Chinese: A: Your sweater is very good. B: I bought it only for ten yuan. A: You did the job very well. B: That’s the result of joint efforts./There’s
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Chinese
■ You V ADV
You did the job well.
■ NP is ADJ
Your coat is really beautiful.
■ PRO is ADJ NP
That’s a wonderful wall calendar.
■ PRO V O
You deserve being honored.
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Cultural Assumption
人民大2024新编大学英语跨文化交际教程(高级实用英语系列教材)教学课件Unit 3-A East
2. place:
Europe
3. beliefs: 4. had the right to enjoy the beauty of their life, but also had the ability to perfect themselves and perform wonders.
The concept of values
• Values are ideas about what is right and wrong, desirable and undesirable, normal and abnormal, proper and improper. It also includes the assumptions, the unquestioned givens, about people, life, and the way things are.
The highest excellence is like that of water. （林语堂译）
The Origin of Western Values: Renaissance
Originated from:
1. time :
1. 14th-17th centuries 2. from Italy to England to the whole
social values
1) maintenance of an orderly society
2) harmony 3) respect for authority
(differences from the West)
4) accountability of public officials
5) openness to new ideas 6) freedom of expression
跨文化交际课程unit3
Let's have a try !
English name: Linell Davis (A Doctor and a Professor in Nanjing University)
His students should address him : ?
His wife should address him: ? His colleague should address him:？
W: Oh, do sit over here on the sofa. C: No, no. This chair is perfectly all right.
Westerners usually sit wherever the host points to or where they themselves like to sit, regardless of the kind of seats there might be, while choosing to sit in a less comfortable place is a sign of modesty in China.
Given name (first name/first name+middle name) 名 Surname (family name/last name) 姓
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He Xiangu
Andrew Lewis
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How to address people? Acquaintance :
1. addressing people-making contact What are the differences of addressing people between English and Chinese cultures ?
跨文化交际Unit3PPT课件
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Collectivism
Group: the most important social units
Group-oriented, requiring an absolute loyalty to the group
Obligations to the group, dependence of the individual on organizations and institutions, a “we” consciousness, and an emphasis on belonging
Decision making: based on what is best for the group
Dealing with interpersonal problems: avoidance,
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Hofstede’s Model
Uncertainty avoidance: the extent to which the culture feels threatened by ambiguous, uncertain situations and tries to avoid them by establishing more structure
➢ Relationship of man to nature: Man subjugated by nature; Man in harmony with nature; Man the master of nature
➢ Sense of time: past, present, or futureoriented
跨文化交际课程第三单元PPT课件
美国人的价值观念系统
3．时间取向 在讨论人的本性时，我们提及“性本恶”必然
导致未来时间取向。西方人，尤其是美国人，一切 着眼于未来，因此未来取向是他们的重要的价值观 念。对他们来讲，回归过去如同走向“原罪”，因 此后退是没有出路的。由于这种取向的影响，西方 人很少循规蹈矩，很少崇拜祖先，也不像中国人那 样尊老敬师：年龄和经历也未必值得敬仰，他们更 不相信命运，因此他们的精力和努力都放在实现近 期规划方面。
Carmen: Sure. That’d be nice. Judy: Well, let’s do it soon.
Carmen: O.K. (Judy and Carmen continue to talk while their children play.)
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Case Analysis
Judy and Carmen are not real friends. They don’t want to get together, really. They once met each other a month ago. Americans sometimes make general invitation like “Let’s get together sometimes.” Often this is just a way to be friendly. It is not always a real invitation. If they’d like to set a specific (exact) time, that means a real offer.
7 Phil’s company a week later.
Case 10 (Page 97)
跨文化交际unit 3 课件
Unit 3 Cultural Differences in Daily Conversations任课教师：罗凌志联系方式：dabianzi@Introduction1. Importance of this studyA lot of cultural phenomena are involved in daily conversation2. Topics of the studysome aspects of everyday conversations as well as the cultural characteristics underlying them Section 12: Ways of AddressIn recent years, the trend of many English-speaking people has been to address others by using the first name Tom, Michael, Linda, Jane, etc. Rather than calling the person Mr. Summers, Mrs. Howard or Miss Jones.“Mr.”、“Mrs.”、“Miss”、“Sir”、“Madam”“先生”、“女士”、“小姐” , “同志”，“师傅”Forms of address1. kinship address亲属称谓语2. address in social intercourse社交称谓语Case Study:A. IF Jane Smith gets married to Peter Austin, how do you address the lady?B. If your foreign teacher is called John Smith, how would you address him?Mr. Smith, Dr. Smith, Professor Smith, John, Sir, John SmithC. An unmarried lady is called Mary Brown. How would you address her face to face?a. Miss Mary;b. Miss Brown;c. Miss Mary Brown;d. Mary;e. Mary Brown1.1 Kinship addressA. formal: father, grandfather, grandmotherinformal: daddy, grandpa ,grandma/grannyB. First name: Tom, Bill13 words in English: father, mother, son, daughter, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, nephew, niece, cousin, husband, wifeModifiers: great, grand, step, half, first, second, in-law1.2 address in social intercourse社交称谓语It is a representation of authority and equality in society.Authority: superiority, age, career differences, education degreeEquality: share of experiences, social features-religion, gender, age, birthplace, ethnic, career, interest1.2.1 the use of first namesEnglish: quite common to address others by using the first names, esp. among classmates, peers or colleaguesE.g. Mavis Ms. LuoChinese: used in addressing a person younger in age or lower in rank刘宏伟，徐凯琪，谢梓文……1.1.2 The use of titleChinese: widely use a person’s title, office, or occupation as vocatives.E.g. 先生，小姐，处长，局长，工程师，老师，大夫, 总理，总裁，经理，同志，师傅English：very few can be used to address unfamiliar people, career men.1. Mr.，Mrs.，Miss，MsE.g Brian SmithMr. Smith; Mr. Brian Smith(确定身份情况下),Mr. Chairman/ Madam Chairman主席夫人阁下2. doctor，professor，E.g. Dr. Brown, Professor SmithMaster, Bachelor, Lecturer, Assistant Professor + Surname? No!3. judge，lawyer, Priest, Physician, Dentist4. Prime Minister，president，mayor，governor，5. Captain, Colonel(上校),General, Lieutenant(陆军中尉，海军上尉)1.1.3 respectful vocative敬称词单独使用English：Sir, Miss, Madam/Ma’am1. Sir and Miss (elementary school)2. male and female customers: Sir or Madam in stores, banks, c lubs, buses, police stations…Standard appellativeConceptterms which can be used alone as vocatives，such as the terms of family relationships：mum，dad，uncle，granny，etc；and terms used to address strangers：Miss，sir，etc.Cross-cultural differencesa. all terms of family relationships can be used as standard appellatives in Chinese, only a few can be used in English.B. when addressing strangers, Chinese can resort to many terms. In English only a smaller set of terms can be used.One can infer from the preceding that the Chinese custom of addressing members of one’s family relatives or close neighbors as 二哥，三姐，四婶，周大伯should not be carried over into English. Another common Chinese form of address is the use of a person’s title, office, or occupation, such as 黄局长，林经理，李校长。
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II. Compliments
pliment and compliment responses B. Social functions of compliments
C. Differences between Chinese compliments and English compliments (semantic formula and syntactic formula)
3. To express thanks or congratulations
4. To encourage aging people 5. To soften criticism 6. To start a conversation 7. To overcome embarrassment
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Differences between Chinese and English Compliments
frequently used in English than in Chinese.
“ I really know little about the subject.”---“Well, I certainly don’t know anybody who knows more than you do!”
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Social functions of compliments
1.To create or reinforce solidarity 2. To greet people
positive compliments as a request for possessing something.
12
The Semantic Formula
English compliments: Adjectives Verbs This was a great meal. You look so nice today. You did a good job.
2
CONTENTS
I. Warm-up cases II. Detailed Study:
★Compliments and compliment responses ★Social functions of compliments ★Differences between Chinese and English compliments ★Common response formulas of English and Chinese compliments ★Expressions of gratitude and apology in English and Chinese
Unit 3
Daily Verbal Communication (II)
Objectives
Learn the social functions of
compliments and compliments and compliment responses Learn the differences between Chinese and English compliments Learn expressions of gratitude and apology in English and Chinese
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■ Chinese people compliment each
other much less frequently than westerners do.
■ Chinese people try to draw a line
between compliment and flattery
■ Chinese people interpret other’s
III. Case Study IV. Summary V. Assignments
3
I. Warm-up cases
Case 1. An Invitation to Dinner
Question : If you were the director and chosen to mediate this situation, what would you do to ensure not to offend either party? How would you explain Bart’s behavior to Manual? How would you explain Manual’s to Bart?
“putting on weight” can be a
compliment to Chinese but offensive to Americans
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III. Expressions of gratitude and aplology
The expressions are far more
“Growing flowers is my hobby, but I’m not much good at it” -re beautiful” “ I wish I could do as well!”
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Fishing for compliments
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Cultural Assumption
“Good” refers to one’s health,
appearance and manner in both E and C cultures
“Losing weight” means good in E
culture but not good in C culture
D. Common response formulas in English and Chinese E. Different cultural assumptions about compliment
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Compliments and compliments responses
Fishing for compliments
4.When immigrants meet in a foreign country, they tend to take no notice of their surroundings/people around, which is considered to be rude and requires attention.
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The Syntactic Formula
NP ADJ PRO V ADV English: NP is/looks really ADJ(53%) Your blouse looks beautiful. You are so efficient. O
I really like/love NP I really like your hardwood floors. That’s really a beautiful car.
■ I like NP
I like this picture.
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Response Formulas of E and C compliments
American English A: This is really a nice sweater. B: I’m glad you like it. A: You did a good job. B: Thank you/Thanks. Chinese: A: Your sweater is very good. B: I bought it only for ten yuan. A: You did the job very well. B: That’s the result of joint efforts./There’s still much room for improvement.
I like your haircut. I love your glasses. I really enjoyed your class
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Chinese compliments
Adjectives adverbs verbs Your skirt is very pretty. This room is really good. You’re really an experienced teacher. You did the job very well. You treat people sincerely. I especially like the color of your blouse. You deserve being praised.
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Chinese
■ You V ADV
You did the job well.
■ NP is ADJ
Your coat is really beautiful.
■ PRO is ADJ NP
That’s a wonderful wall calendar.
■ PRO V O
You deserve being honored.
3.The Filipinos were talking in their own native language. No doubt the British felt left out, which is unacceptable and rarely occurs on social occasions in Britain.
5
Case 3 Why should they do like this?
Comment: 1.The British people maintain their etiquette and social manners even when they are very excited. 2.The Filipino couple did not introduce their Filipino friend to him