高中英语状语从句精华知识点讲解

状语从句

一、从句讲解

状语从句是一种副词性从句，通常由一个从属连词或一个起连词作用的词组引导。

（一）原因状语从句

引导原因状语从句的常见连词或短语：as, because, since, now that, considering that, seeing that(鉴于……)。注意以下几点：

1. because, since, as, for, now that

because语气最强，用于回答why的提问，可与强调词only, just 以及否定词not 连用。但不可以与so 连用。

since 引导的从句语气次于because引导的从句，常表示稍加分析后而推断出的原因，或指人们已知的事实，比as正式一些,常置于句首。

as 语气最弱，其原因只是对结果的附带说明，一般放在句首。

for虽然解释为“因为”但只是一个并列连词，它也常引导句子表示原因，但不是原因状语从句，它是一个并列句。for所提供的理由是一种补充性的说明，表示推测的理由。

now that意为“既然，由于”。表示由于人们已知的事实或正在发生的事而产生某个结果。

He failed because he was careless.他因粗心而失败了。

Since everyone has come, let’s begin our meeting.

既然大家都来了，我们开会吧。

As all the seats were full, he stood there.

所有的座位都满了,他只好站那儿。

It might have rained last night for the ground is wet.

昨晚可能下雨了，因为地面是湿的。

Now that the kids have left home we have a lot of extra space.

由于孩子们离开了家，所以我们有了额外的空间。

（二）地点状语从句

地点状语从句常由下列连词引导：where, wherever等。

You may find him where his brother lives.

你可能会在他哥哥居住的地方找到他。

You are free to go wherever you like.

你可以去你想要去的任何地方。

Anywhere he went, he got warm welcome.

无论他走到哪儿，都受到热烈欢迎。

The girl takes the doll with her everywhere she goes.

这个女孩无论去哪都带着她的布娃娃。

Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。

（三）结果状语从句

结果状语从句常由下列连词引导：so ...that，such ...that，so that等。要注意以下几个问题:

1. 五种结构：

① so+adj./adv.+that ...

② such (a/an+adj.)+n.+that ...

③ so+adj.+a/an+n.+that=such a/an+adj.+n.+that ...

④ so many/much/few/little(少)+n.+that ...

⑤ such+(adj.) +n. (u/pl.)+ that

He spoke so fast that I couldn t follow him.

他说的如此的快，我跟不上他。

It was such a lovely day / so lovely a day that we all went swimming.

今天天气如此的好，我们大家都去游泳了。

2. so或such置于句首时，主句常用倒装。

It was such a lovely day / so lovely a day that we all went swimming.

＝Such a lovely day was it that we all went swimming.

今天天气如此的好，我们大家都去游泳了。

3.注意以上结构与定语从句so/such ...as的区别。

This is such an interesting/so interesting a film that everyone wants to see it.

这是一部很有趣的电影以至于每个人都想去看。

（四）目的状语从句

目的状语从句由下列连词引导：so that, in order that, for fear that, in case等。（注：so that也可用来引导结果状语从句）

so that, in order that引导的目的状语从句中常需用情态动词。

so that引导的目的状语从句只能放在主句之后。

in order that 引导的目的状语从句可以放在主句之前或之后。

We set out early so that we could see the sunrise.

我们很早出发以便能看到日出。

He sent the letter by air mail so that it might reach them in time.

他空邮这封信以便他们能及时收到。

（五）条件状语从句

条件状语从句分为真实条件句和非真实条件句（用在虚拟语气中）。注意：在真实条件句中，常用一般时态代替将来时。常由下列连词引导条件状语从句：if, unless, suppose, supposing, providing (that), provided (that), given (that), in case, on condition that, as long as, so long as, so far as等。

1. unless=if not

You will fail unless you study hard.

除非你努力，否则你就要失败。

2. suppose, supposing, providing(that), provided(that), given(that)= if

Given that he supports us, we’ll win the election.

如果他支持我们，我们就会赢得选举。

3.on condition that, as long as, so long as = only if

As long as you don’t lose heart, you will succeed.

只要你不灰心，你就会成功。

4.as(so) far as ...

So far as I am concerned, I’m in favour of “mercy killing”.

就我个人而言，我支持安乐死。

（六）方式状语从句

方式状语从句通常由as,(just)as…so…,as if,as though引导。

1．as,(just)as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as 从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体，例如：

Always do to the others as you would be done by.

你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。

As water is to fish,so air is to man.

我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。

Just as we sweep our rooms,so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.

正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。