values of America美国的价值观
American Values and Assumptions
American Values and Assumption s As people grow up, they learn certain values and assumptions from their parents and other relatives, their teachers, books, newspapers, television programs, the Internet, and a variety of other sources. Values and assumptions are closely related, but there are some differences between them. The ways in which different cultures approach the issue of appropriate roles for men and women provide a good example of the relationship between values and assumptions. Values are ideas about what is right and wrong, desirable and undesirable, normal and abnormal, proper and improper. In some cultures, for example, people are taught that men and women should inhabit separate social worlds, with some activities clearly in the men’s domain a nd others clearly in the women’s. In other cultures men and women are considered to have more or less equal access to most roles in the society.Assumptions, as used here, are the postulates, the unquestioned givens, about people, life, and the way things are. People in some societies assume, for example, that family life proceeds most harmoniously when women stay at home with their children and men earn money by working outside the home. In other societies people assume that family life works best when outside work and child-rearing responsibilities are shared by men and women. In some societies people assume that when a mature man and woman are alone together, sexual activity will almost certainly occur. In others, platonic (that is, lacking a sexual element) friendship between unmarried men and women is assumed to be possible.Scholars debate the definition of values, assumptions, and other terms that appear in this book. But this book is not for scholars. It is for international visitors who want some basic understanding of America. Those visitors who want to read more scholarly works on the issues raised here can refer to the Bibliography at the end of this book.People who grow up in a particular culture share certain values and assumptions. That does not mean they all share exactly the same values to exactly the same extent. It does mean that most of them, most of the time, agree with each other’s ideas about what is right and wrong, desirable and undesirable, and so on. They also agree, mostly,with each other’s assumptions about human nature, social relationships, and so on.Any list of values and assumptions is inherently arbitrary. Depending on how one defines and categorizes things, one could make a three-item or a thirty-item list of a cou ntry’s major values and assumptions. The list offered below has eight entries, each covering a set of closely related values and assumptions commonly held by Americans: individualism, freedom, competitiveness, and privacy; equality; informality; the future, change, and progress; goodness of humanity; time; achievement, action, work, and materialism; and directness and assertiveness. Because individualism is so vital to understanding American society and culture, it receives more attention than the others.Notice that the values and assumptions discussed below overlap with and support each other. In general, they agree with each other. They fit together. A culture can be viewed as a collection of values and assumptions that go together to shape the way a group of people perceives and relates to the world around them.Individualism, Freedom,Competitiveness, and PrivacyIndividualismThe most important thing to understand about Americans is probably their devotion to individualism. They are trained from very early in their lives to consider themselves as separate individuals who are responsible for their own situations in life and their own destinies. They are not trained to see themselves as members of a close-knit, interdependent family, religious group, tribe, nation, or any other collectivity.You can see it in the way Americans treat their children. One day I was at a local shopping mall, waiting in line to buy an Orange Julius. (An Orange Julius is a cool drink made in a blender with orange juice, ice, and some other ingredients.) Behind me in the line was a woman with two children, a boy who was about three years old and a girl who was about five. The boy had his hand in a pocket of his blue jeans, and I could hear that he had some coins in there.The bo y asked his mother, “Can I get an Orange Julius?”“No,” she said to him. “You don’t have enough money left for an Orange Julius. Remember you bought that cookie a while ago. You do have enough money for a hot dog. So you could get a hot dog now if you want to. Or, you could save your money, and sometime later when you have enough money, we could come back here and you could get an Orange Julius.”When I tell this story to people from other countries, they usually react with disbelief. The idea that a child so young would even have his own money to spend, let alone be expected to decide how to spend it, seems beyond their comprehension. Here is a young child whose own mother is forcing him to make a decision that affects not just his situation at the moment—whether or not to get a hot dog—but that will affect him at some unspecified time in the future, when he will have more money.But when Americans hear this story, they usually understand it perfectly well. This mother is helping her son learn to make his own decisions and to be accountable for his own money. Some American parents might not expect a three-year-old to make a decision about how to spend money, but they certainly understand what the mother is doing. She is getting her son ready for a world in which he will be responsible for his choices and their consequences. Even his own mother won’t be helping him later in life, and he needs to be ready for that.This particular mother may or may not have owned a copy of Dr. Benjamin Spock’s famous book, D r. Spock’s Baby and Child Care, to which millions of American parents have long turned for information and advice on raising their children. The most recent version of the book makes this observation:In the United States…very few children are raised to b elieve that their principal destiny is to serve their family, their country, or their God [as is the practice in some other countries]. Generally children [in the United States] are given the feeling that they can set their own aims and occupation in life, according to their inclinations. We are raising them to be rugged individualists…. (1998, 7)While it has become more acceptable in light of changing economic circumstances (especially higher housing costs) for young adults to live in their parents’ hous e, theideal of independence after high school graduation remains. If it is economically feasible for them to do so, young adult Americans are expected to live apart from their parents, either on their own or in college, or risk being viewed as immature, “tied to their mother’s apron strings,” or otherwise unable to lead a normal, independent life.Research by social scientists indicates that the culture of the United States is the most individualistic (or second most, after Australia) in the world. American individualism was perhaps epitomized by a “Walkman dance” at a major university. Students assembled in a large room, where they all danced alone to whatever music they were playing on their own Walkman.Americans are trained to conceive of themselves as separate individuals, and they assume everyone else in the world is too. When they encounter a person from abroad who seems to them excessively concerned with the opinions of parents, with following traditions, or with fulfilling obligations to others, they assume that the person feels trapped or is weak, indecisive, or “overly dependent.” They assume all people must resent being in situations where they are not “free to make up their own minds.” They assume, furthermore, that after living for a time in the United States, people will come to feel “liberated” from constraints arising from outside themselves and will be grateful for the opportunity to “do their own thing” and “have it their own way.” As indeed, many are.Margaret Wohlenberg was the only American student among about nine hundred Malays enrolled at the branch campus of Indiana University in Shah Alam, Malaysia. She took Psychology 101, an introductory psychology course from the Indiana University curriculum and earned a grade of A+. The other students’ grades were lower. After the experience she reported,I do not think that Psych 101 is considered a very difficult course for the average freshman on the Bloomington campus [Indiana University’s main location], but it is a great challenge to these [Malay] kids who have very little, if any, exposure to the concepts of Western psychology…. The American [while growing up] is surrounded, maybe even bombarded, by the propaganda of self-fulfillment and self-identity.Self-improvement and self-help— doing my own thing—seem at the core of American ideology.But these are “quite unfamiliar ideas to the Malay students,” MsF Wohlenberg said. The Malay students’ upbringing emphasizes the importance of family relationships and individual subservience to the family and the community.It is this concept of themselves as individual decision makers that blinds at least some Americans to the fact that they share a culture with each other. They often have the idea, as mentioned above, that they have independently made up their own minds about the values and assumptions they hold. The notion that social factors outside themselves have made them “just like everyone else” in important ways offends their sense of dignity.Americans, then, consider the ideal person to be an individualistic, self-reliant, independent person. They assume, incorrectly, that people from elsewhere share this value and this self-concept. In the degree to which they glorify “the individual” who stands alone and makes his or her own decisions, Americans are quite distinctive.The individual that Americans idealize prefers an atmosphere of freedom, where neither the government nor any other external force or agency dictates what the individual does. For Americans, the idea of individual freedom has strong, positive connotations.By contrast, people from many other cultures regard some of the behavior Americans legitimize by the label “individual freedom” to be self-centered and lacking in consideration for others. Mr. Wilson (see pages xx–xxii) and his mother are good American individualists, living their own lives and interfering as little as possible with others. Tariq Nassar found their behavior almost immoral.Foreign visitors who understand the degree to which Americans are imbued with the notion that the free, self-reliant individual is the ideal kind of human being will be able to understand many aspects of American behavior and thinking that otherwise might not make sense. A very few of many possible examples:Americans see as heroes thos e individuals who “stand out from the crowd” bydoing something first, longest, most often, or otherwise “best.” Real-life examples are aviators Charles Lindbergh and Amelia Earhart, golfer Tiger Woods, and basketball player Michael Jordan. Perhaps the best example from the world of fiction is the American cowboy as portrayed by such motion-picture actors as John Wayne and Clint Eastwood.Americans admire people who have overcome adverse circumstances (for example, poverty or a physical handicap) and “succeeded” in life. BookerWashington, a famous nineteenth-century African American educator, is one example; the blind and deaf author and lecturer, Helen Keller, is another.Many Americans do not display the degree of respect for their parents that people in more traditional or family-oriented societies commonly do. From their point of view, being born to particular parents was a sort of historical or biological accident. The parents fulfill their responsibilities to the children while the children are young, but when the children have reached “the age of independence,” the close child-parent tie is loosened, occasionally even broken.It is not unusual for Americans who are beyond the age of about twenty-two (and sometimes younger) and who are still living with their parents to pay their parents for room and board. Elderly parents living with their grown children may do likewise. Paying for room and board is a way of showing independence, self-reliance, and responsibility for oneself.• Certain phrases one commonly hears among Americans capture their devotion to individualism: “You’ll have to decide that for yourself.” “If you don’t look out for yourself, no one else will.” “Look out for number one.” “Be your own best friend.” In the late 1900s, social scientists who studied culturaldifferences published extensively about differences between individualistic and collectivistic societies. Some of their articles offered observations that can be quite helpful to collectivists and others trying to understand American culture. Two examples follow; both mention ideas that are addressed elsewhere in this book.To transcend the distance between self and others, people in individualisticsocieties have to develop a certain set of social skills. These include public speaking, meeting others quickly and putting them at ease…, making a good first impression, and being well mannered, cordial, and verbally fluent during initial encounters with others. These skills are not as necessary for collectivists. When it comes time for a person to meet unknown others in the larger society, members of the collective act as go-betweens and make introductions, describe the person’s accomplishments and abilities, and so forth…. In short, individualists have to rely on themselves and to develop skills that allow them to branch out in society. Collectivists have a supportive group that assists in this same goal. (Brislin 1990, 21–22)Collectivists will want to understand that individualists are, according to Harry Triandis, Richard Brislin, and C. H. Hui, likely topay relatively little attention to groups (including families) they belong to,be proud of their accomplishments and expect others to feel proud of their own accomplishments,be more involved with their peers and less involved with people who are older or more senior in an organization, and be more comfortable in social relationships with those who are their equals and less comfortable in relationships with people of higher or lower status than themselves,act competitively,define status in terms of accomplishments (what they have achieved through their own efforts) rather than relationships or affiliations (the family or other group to which they belong),seem relatively unconcerned about being cooperative or having smooth interpersonal relations,seem satisfied with relationships that seem superficial and short-term,be ready to “do business” very soon after meeting, without much time spent on preliminary getting-acquainted conversation,place great importance on written rules, procedures, and deadlines, such as leases, contracts, and appointments,be suspicious of, rather than automatically respectful toward, people in authority, andassume that people in general need to be alone some of the time and prefer to take care of problems by themselves. (1988, 271) To elaborate here on just one of the ideas in the listabove: individualistic Americans naturally see themselves as being in competition with others. Competitiveness pervades the society. It is obvious in the attention given to athletic events and to star athletes, who are praised for being “real competitors.” It is also obvious in schools and extracurricular activities for children, where games and contests are assumed to be desirable and beneficial. Competitiveness is less obvious when it is in the minds of people who are persistently comparing themselves with others: who is faster, smarter, richer, better-looking; whose children are the most successful; whose husband is the best provider or the best cook or the best lover; which salesperson sold the most during the past quarter; who earned his first million dollars at the earliest age; and so on. People who are competing with others are essentially alone, trying to maintain their superiority and, implicitly, their separateness from others.PrivacyAlso closely associated with the value they place on individualism is the importance Americans assign to privacy. Americans assume that most people “need some time to themselves” or “some time alone” to think about t hings or recover their spent psychological energy. Most Americans have great difficulty understanding people who always want to be with another person, who dislike being alone. Americans tend to regard such people as weak or dependent.If the parents can afford it, each child will have his or her own bedroom. Having one’s own bedroom, even as an infant, inculcates in a person the notion that she is entitled to a place of her own where she can be by herself and—notice—keep her possessions. She will have her clothes, her toys, her books, and so on. These things will be hers and no one else’s.Americans assume that people have their “private thoughts” that might never be shared with anyone. Doctors, lawyers, psychiatrists, and others have rules governing “confidentiality” that are intended to prevent information about their clients’ personal situations from becoming known to others.Americans’ attitudes about privacy can be difficult for foreigners to understand. Americans’ houses, yards, and even their offic es can seem open and inviting, yet, in Americans’ minds, there are boundaries that other people are simply not supposed to cross. When such boundaries are crossed, the Americans’ bodies will visibly stiffen and their manner will become cool and aloof.EqualityAmericans are also distinctive in the degree to which they believe in the ideal, as stated in their Declaration of Independence, that “all men are created equal.” Although they sometimes violate the ideal in their daily lives, particularly in matters of interracial relationships and sometimes relationships among people from different social classes, Americans have a deep faith that in some fundamental way all people (at least all American people) are of equal value, that no one is born superior to an yone else. “One person, one vote,” they say, conveying the idea that any person’s opinion is as valid and worthy of attention as any other person’s opinion.Americans are generally quite uncomfortable when someone treats them with obvious deference. They dislike being the subjects of open displays of respect—being bowed to, deferred to, or treated as though they could do no wrong or make no unreasonable requests.It is not just males who are created equal, in the American mindset, but females too. While Americans may violate the ideal in practice (for example, women continue to be paid less, on average, than do men in similar jobs), they do generally assume that women and men are equal, deserving of the same level of respect. Women may be different from men but are not inferior to them.This is not to say that Americans make no distinctions among themselves as a resultof such factors as gender, age, wealth, or social position. They do. But the distinctions are acknowledged in subtle ways. Tone of voice, order of speaking, choice of words, seating arrangements—such are the means by which Americans acknowledge status differences among themselves. People of higher status are more likely to speak first, louder, and longer. They sit at the head of the table or in the most comfortable chair. They feel free to interrupt other speakers more than others feel free to interrupt them. The higher-status person may put a hand on the shoulder of the lower-status person. If there is touching between the people involved, the higher-status person will touch first.Foreigners who are accustomed to more obvious displays of respect (such as bowing, averting eyes from the face of the higher-status person, or using honorific titles) often overlook the ways in which Americans show respect for people of higher status. They think, incorrectly, that Americans are generally unaware of status differences and disrespectful of other people. What is distinctive about the American outlook on the matter of equality are the underlying assump tions that (1) no matter what a person’s initial station in life, he or she has the opportunity to achieve high standing and (2) everyone, no matter how unfortunate, deserves some basic level of respectful treatment.InformalityTheir notions of equality lead Americans to be quite informal in their general behavior and in their relationships with other people. Store clerks and table servers, for example, may introduce themselves by their first (given) names and treat customers in a casual, friendly manner. American clerks, like other Americans, have been trained to believe that they are as valuable as any other people, even if they happen to be engaged at a given time in an occupation that others might consider lowly. This informal behavior can outrage foreign visitors who hold high status in countries where it is not assumed that “all men are created equal.”Relationships between students, teachers, and coworkers in American society are often very informal, as the following example illustrates. Liz, a staff member at auniversity international office, invited a group of French exchange students along with their American teachers and several co-workers to her home for dinner. When the guests arrived, she welcomed them by saying, “Make yourselves at home.” Sh e showed them where to find the food and drinks in the kitchen and introduced them to some of the other guests. The French students then served themselves and sat with the other guests in small groups throughout the house, eating and talking. The young son of one of the American guests entertained them with jokes. When it was time to leave, several of the American guests stayed to help Liz clean up.Later, in describing the dinner party, the French students remarked that such an event would almost never happen in their country. First, they were surprised that Liz, whom they had only met twice before, had invited them into her home. Moreover, they were impressed that the teachers and students and the international office coworkers and their family members socialized so easily. Even though they held positions of different status at work and were of different ages, they seemed to interact easily and naturally at the party.People from societies where general behavior is more formal than it is in the United States are struck by the informality of American speech, dress, and body language. Idiomatic speech and slang are liberally used on most occasions, with formal speech reserved for public events and fairly formal situations. People of almost any station in life can be seen in public wearing jeans, sandals, or other informal attire. People slouch down in chairs or lean on walls or furniture when they talk rather than maintaining an erect bearing.A brochure advertising a highly regarded liberal arts college contains a photograph showing the college president, dressed in shorts and an old T-shirt, jogging past one of the classroom buildings on his campus. Americans are likely to find the photograph appealing: “Here is a college president who’s just like anyone else. He doesn’t think he’s too good for us.”Likewise, U.S. President George W. Bush frequently allowed himself to be photographed in his jogging attire while out for one of his frequent runs.The superficial friendliness for which Americans are so well-known is related to their informal, egalitarian approach to other people. “Hi!” they will say to just about anyone, or “Howya doin?” (that is, “How are you doing?” or “How are you?”). This behavior reflects not so much a special interest in the person addressed as a concern (not conscious) for showing that one is a “regular guy,” part of a group of normal, pleasant people—like the jogging college president and the jogging president of his superpower country.More ideas about American notions of friendship are discussed in Part II.The Future, Change, and ProgressAmericans are generally less concerned about history and traditions than are people from older societies. “History doesn’t matter,” many of them will say. “It’s the future that counts.” They look a head. They have the idea that what happens in the future is within their control, or at least subject to their influence. The mature, sensible person, they think, sets goals for the future and works systematically toward them. Americans believe that people, as individuals or working cooperatively together, can change most aspects of their physical and social environments if they decide to do so, then make appropriate plans and get to work. Changes will presumably produce improvements. New things are better than old things.Closely associated with their assumption that they can bring about desirable changes in the future is the Americans’ assumption that their physical and social environments are subject to human domination or control. Early Americans cleared forests, drained swamps, and altered the course of rivers in order to “build” the country. Contemporary Americans have gone to the moon in part just to prove they could do so! “If you want to be an American,” says cross-cultural trainer L. Robert Kohls, “you have to believe you can fix it.”“The difficult takes a while,” according to a saying often attributed to the United States Marine Corps. “The impossible takes a little longer.”This fundamental American belief in progress and a better future contrasts sharply with the fatalistic (Americans are likely to use that term with a negative or criticalconnotation) attitude that characterizes people from many other cultures, notably Latin American, Asian, and Arab, where there is a pronounced reverence for the past. In those cultures the future is often considered to be in the hands of fate, God, or at least the few powerful people or families that dominate the society. The idea that people in general can somehow shape their own futures seems naïve, arrogant, or even sacrilegious.Americans are generally impatient with people they see as passively accepting conditions that are less than desirable. “Why don’t they do something about it?” Americans will ask. Americans don’t realize that a large portion of the world’s population sees the world around them not as something they can change, but rather as something to which they must submit, or at least something with which they must seek to live in harmony.Goodness of HumanityThe future cannot be better if people in general are not fundamentally good and improvable. Americans assume that human nature is basically good, not basically evil. Foreign visitors will see them doing many things that are based on this assumption. Some examples will help.Getting More Education or Training. Formal education is not just for young people, it’s for everyone. Many postsecondary students are adults who seek to “improve themselves” or to change careers by learning more and/or getting a degree. Newspaper articles at graduation time often feature grandmothers or grandfathers who have returned to school late in life and earned a college diploma. Educational institutions offer “extension classes,” night classes, correspondence courses, televised courses, and on-line courses so that people who have full-time jobs or who live far from a college or university have the opportunity to get more education.“Nonformal” educational opportunities in the form of workshops, seminars, or training programs are widely available. Through them people can learn about a huge array of topics, from being a better parent to investing money wisely to behaving more。
英语作文,介绍美国习惯风俗
文章标题：An Insight into American Customs and TraditionsAmerica, a land of diverse cultures and rich histories, is renowned for its unique customs and traditions that have been passed down through generations. From the festive celebrations to the daily routines, these practices reflect the spirit and values of the American people. In this essay, we delve deeper into some of the most noteworthy American customs and traditions.First and foremost, one cannot overlook thesignificance of Thanksgiving in American culture. This annual holiday, celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November, is a time for families and friends to gather and give thanks for the bounty of the past year. It is customary to feast on a sumptuous meal, typically including turkey, mashed potatoes, cranberry sauce, and pumpkin pie. This tradition dates back to the 17th century, when the Pilgrims celebrated their first successful harvest in the New World.Another iconic American custom is the Independence Day celebration on July 4th. This national holiday marks the anniversary of the United States' Declaration of Independence from Great Britain in 1776. On this day, Americans across the country host backyard barbecues, watch fireworks displays, and participate in parades to commemorate their freedom and patriotism.Christmas, the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ, is also a major holiday in America. It is a time forfamilies to come together, exchange gifts, and decoratetheir homes with lights and Christmas trees. Thetraditional Christmas dinner often includes dishes like ham, turkey, and various pies. Children eagerly await thearrival of Santa Claus, who they believe delivers presentsto well-behaved kids on Christmas Eve.In addition to these major holidays, Americans also observe several other customs and traditions that areunique to their culture. For instance, baseball is considered the national pastime in America, and attending a baseball game is a popular pastime for many Americans. Thesport has a rich history in the country and is often associated with summer afternoons and family fun.Moreover, the American workplace culture is also distinctive. Americans value punctuality and efficiency, and it is customary to dress professionally for work, even in industries that are not traditionally considered formal. Meetings are often structured and focused, with clear agendas and expectations.In terms of social customs, Americans tend to be informal and direct in their interactions. They value honesty and openness in communication and often use first names even in professional settings. Small talk and pleasantries are common, especially when meeting new people or making introductions.The American dining culture is also noteworthy. Mealtimes are often social occasions where families and friends gather to share food and conversation. It is customary to tip waiters and other service staff in restaurants, as a token of appreciation for their service. In conclusion, American customs and traditions are diverse and vibrant, reflecting the rich tapestry of thecountry's history and culture. From festive holidays todaily routines, these practices bind the American people together and shape their unique identity. Understanding and appreciating these customs can provide a deeper insightinto the spirit and values of the American nation.**文章标题**：美国风俗习惯的深度解读美国，一个文化多元、历史丰富的国家，以其独特的风俗习惯而闻名。
从当幸福来敲门-看美国文化价值观
摘要文化价值观，就是人们关于文化的利害、善恶、美丑等问题的总看法和总观点，反应文化对人的意义。
整个人类社会都有文化价值观，它是随着人类社会的发展而不断发展，完善。
纵观美国社会，一个高度发达的国家，是什么样的文化价值理念指导它前进，使它从产生之日就开始慢慢强大，至今都是世界的霸主。
本文将从电影《当幸福来敲门》分析美国的文化价值观。
当幸福来敲门影片所反映的整个社会背景是在美苏冷战后期，美国与苏联进行大规模的军备竞赛，消耗了大量的人力物力，财政紧张，失业率增加。
但人们依然为自己的幸福生好好努力着。
这部电影取材于真实故事，主人公就是当今美国黑人投资专家克里斯•加纳。
成功诠释了一位濒临破产的落魄业务员，如何成为知名的金融投资家的励志故事。
本部影片很好地展现了美国当今社会的文化价值观，美国社会为什么会这么发达？因为他们所认同的文化价值观在支撑着他们的生活，在指导着他们前进。
只要人们愿意奋斗，他们都会成功。
美国的文化价值观已经产生了一个强大的美国，他也必定推动着美国继续向前发展。
关键字: 文化价值观、美国、幸福、个人主义、行动、努力和乐观AbstractThe cultural values, are the total ideas of people caring about the cultural problems of the advantages and disadvantages 、kindness and badness、beauty and ugliness., reflecting the meaning of culture to people. There are cultural values at the society of human beings, developing with the developing of the society. Looking at the American society, one high developed county, what cultural values guide her go forth, making her become strong gradually, and let her become the powerful country. So this paper will analyze the American cultural values from the movie The Pursuit of Hapyness.The Pursuit of Happyness, reflected the social background at the last period of the cold war between the America and the Soviet Union which they competed with each other on arms race at large dimensions, expending much manpower and material resources, resulting the financial strain and unemployment rate increase. However, people still did everything hard for happy life. This movie based on a true story, and the actor is the black American investment expert-Chris Gardner. Successful annotating an inspirational story of how a nearing bankrupt salesman became the famous investment expert. This movie showed the American cultural values well. Why the America is so developed well? Because the cultural values of they identified support their life and lead them go forth. Only if they are willing to do their best, they are able to success finally. The American cultural values have born a strong America, and these cultural values will promote the America develop sequentially.IntroductionThe American cultural values were formed and developed gradually after the European emigrants arrived in America, proposalling the freedom、equality、individualism, promoting people do their best for their happiness. The American cultural values drive the development of the USA. These values are deserved to study for us.The American cultural values have emerged the powerful aspects, and there are a lot of modes of transmission, for example: TV、movie、book……, and so on. The movie The Pursuit of Happpyness told a story about how a almost bankrupting salesman became an investment expert through his own hard-work. The Pursuit of Happyness explained the American core value-individualism, and the values of orientation to action、effort and optimism, also the spirit of hard-working for one’s own happiness through the struggle of the actor-Chris Gardner who were not afraid of the difficulty and held an optimistic attitude at the difficult circumstances. The American cultural values backboned the life of the actor, when the medical instruments were stole, the wife was gone, he could not afford the rent, he just thought the writings of the declaration of independence about the happiness. What we can learn is no matter how the life is hard, we should strive for our happy life by our all power and pursuit the happy life constantly.Chapter 1The Movie The Pursuit of HappynessThe movie the pursuit of happyness was a true story, finished shooting at 2005 in San Francisco and Auckland. The American cultural values in this movie is deserved us to learn.1.1 The Social BackgroundAt the last period of the cold war, the America and the Soviet Union competed with each other on arms race at large dimensions, expending much manpower and material resources, and the USA had pushing Keynesianism in the economic field(the government intervenes the economics) in the last of 70s could not catch the trend in time. In addition, the west Europe and Japan had rised sharply,making the tendency strengthen gradually . So the America lost the overlord status slowly.1.2 True StoryChris Gardner known little about the knowledge, he just graduated at high school, but he was a diligent salesman, and he was hard-working. so he took care of his wife and child well. However, he could not let the family live happily, so Linda could not stand the pressure of poor and left him, leaving the 5 years old son with him live together. Fortunately, he got a internships at Dean Witter, but there were not salary and he could not be hired by other complies. Thus, he did not have the money to pay the rent, so he slept at hospice、subway station、bathhouse、park in which he could rest; and he queued up at relief center, ate the awful food, lived at an inferiorperson's life. But in order to give the son a beautiful future and his religion, he sent his child to school, then he went to work in industriously. For saving time, he never drank water, and he never put the telephone receiver down. After he finished his work, he needed to pick his son up, then he ran crazily to line up at the penitentiary. Day after day, where there is a will, there is a way. When then internship finished, he was hired. So he began to do his business, then he opened brokerage company and became a millionaire, finally he was an investment exert successfully.Chapter 2The American Cultural Values in The Pursuit of HappynessThe American cultural values in the pursuit of happyness lead the America go forth.2.1 the definition of the cultural valuesThe values, are the principles of the social members evaluate the behaviors、objects and from choosing one’s fitful goals of all the possible. It is the core of the world outlook and the inner driving force of making people act, through the behavioral approaches of people and the evaluation or attitude of things reflect out. And the cultural values, are the total ideas of people caring about the cultural problems of the advantages and disadvantages 、kindness and badness、beauty and ugliness., reflecting the meaning of culture to people.2.2 the American cultural values and the contentsAmerican cultural values oriented from 300 years ago, when the British Puritan went acrossthe Atlantic Ocean by mayflower to America- this “Pure Land”for escape persecution. The Puritanism thought began to root in the America, so the Puritanism thought had deep effects in American cultural values. So the mainstream cultural values are the Puritanism thought, also the traditions of white nation of Anglo-Saxon. the values of the Puritanism expressed are orientation to action、work and play、time and money、motivation and measurable achievement、effort and optimism、man and nature、individualism and equality、obligation、confrontation、informality, formality and friendship、material well-being and humanitarianism、competition and desire for success、cooperation and “fair play”. These cultural values have permeated every aspect of the American life. and the core of the American cultures is individualism, also the main part of the American spirit. According to the explanation of the American scholar-Samuwa, the individualism includes autonomous motivation、autonomous chose、self-dependence、respect for people、freedom of personality、respect of privacy, and so on. In the culture, it emphasizes the Personal independence, creativity, and stressed the personal development of freedom not or a little influenced by the society、the force of the politics and religion. It is the philosophy of life in the center of person, the human beings are the main body of the values, believing everyone has his own values, attaching importance to personal self control and personal self development. We can see individualism is the essence and core of the American cultural values, it motivates America go fort2.3 The American Cultural Values in The MovieIn the movie the pursuit of happyness, there were some American cultural values. What the audiences need to do is to learn the American cultural values.2.3.1 IndividualismIn the American cultural context, the notion of individualism has a powerful strength. The individualism has emphasized the American as a self-reliant, self-dependent individual, controlling his own life, and responsible for anything he dose. Also, it put stress on his insistence on his rights as an American- his right to challenge government in the courts, through organization and electoral activity, through referendum, initiative, and recall. At least, there are three essential elements in individualism: its opportunity for the individual, its grant of freedom, and its encouragement of diversity. The portrait of individual tries to convey the message that it was the collective efforts of numerous individuals like this one that America has been created as it is now. In this movie, when the Chris Gardner were at the desperate circumstance of the wife was gone，the selling was failure, the money was short for rent, and there is a child needed to be cared. But he still insisted on his beliefs and pursuit the goals and happiness of his own. When he got a dream, he tried his best for it, and he never gave up anyone chance of selling and showing himself. During the period of the internship of Dean Witter, he also worked very hard. In this mo vie, its’ showed up spirit was the perfect interpretation of the American core value.2.3.2 Orientation to actionFor anyone who has been to the United States, or who has worked with Americans, one thing he cannot fail to notice about Americans is their orientation to action. Orientation to action is one of the American values, also the key point of the American. Phrases such as “on the run,”“on the move,”“on the go,”and “on the rode”may well explain the fact that American have an undeniably strong inclination toward action. The orientation to action is not meant to do something just for the sake of action. It is frequently conceived of as decision making. This concept has two meanings in American culture. In everyday life, the idea of decision making is used to justify a wide range of behavior, like casual conversations about goals, summer jobs, or extended travel may all be justified as part of efforts to make a decision about one’s career. In this movie, after Chris Gardner heard about the stockbroker said the job is easy, he wrote an application form. And he took the taxi with the manager. Then he got the success. This revealed the orientation to action well in America.Chapter 3T he enlightenments of the American values in The Pursuit of Happyness The movie the pursuit of happiness demonstrated a true story. Through this true story, it spread the main American cultural values for the audiences, hence it gave a lot of the enlightenments to audiences,. Thus, this is what the audiences should learn.3.1 Pursuit the happyness bravelyIn this movie, no matter how the life of Chris Gardner was poor, the pressure of life was so heavy and the burden of life made them not breathe, but he still insisted on his own beliefs and pursued his dream and happiness. When he faced the difficulties, he would remember the passages of the pursuing of happiness in the declaration of independence. Finally, he got his own happiness.3.2 Hold the high spirit an do the best in the difficultiesIn this movie, when Chris Gardner marketed his instrument unsuccessfully and he was kicked out the house for no money to pay, also he sold his blood because of no money. While he was in this bad situation, he yet did his best at work and was optimistic to the future. Finally, he defeated the difficulties and succeeded. What the audiences need to learn is we should hold the optimistic spirit to face the bad time. This is the valuable spirit.ConclusionThe movie The Pursuit of Happyness told us a real story that happened at Chris Gardner. The story happened at 1981 in San Francisco, at that time, the America was at the period of economic depression. The actor was a losing salesman who open selling failure and wife abandoned him, could not afford the rent, but he was hard-working and positive. Finally, he set up his own brokerage firm.Through the actor, this movie expressed the main American cultural values, and the core value-individualism-it proposals self-hardworking and diligence to change one’s life letting them become the actor of one’s own life. And the orientation to action、effort and optimism. These values guide the America become strong, making she get overlord status. So our audiences should learn the American cultural values, and then get the positive energy. What we should do is do our best for one’s life better! Everyone should pursuit the happiness belonging to him, everyone should live well![摘要] “美国梦”文化是被大多数美国人所敬仰的信念。
冰血暴 -第4季第4集-字幕-对白-中英文对照-看美剧学英语
What the fuck? 搞什么Reverse. Go, go! 倒车快快Get out of the car. 下车Get out of the car. 我对被钉在十字架上的耶稣基督发誓Get out of the car. 不管你逃到哪我都会找到你What did you say to me? 你对我说了什么What did you say to me? 去死吧All of you. 你们所有人That's what I thought. 跟我想的一样All bark. 只会耍嘴皮子第四季第四集冰血暴When first I come to america, I know nothing. 我刚来到美国时什么都不懂How to dress, what to eat. 怎么打扮吃什么I sleep in a closet with a stuck hanger in my jacket 我睡在衣柜里用衣架勾着外套so I don't fall down. 我才不至于跌倒On the street I hear this phrase. 我在街上听到一个词You know this phrase: "American values." 你也知道这个词 "美国价值观"and I think, "What does it mean?" 我心想这是什么意思Financial values I understand. 金融价值观我懂Money. What a thing is worth. 钱一样东西的价值Human values, this also makes sense. 人类价值观这也说得通The things we love. 我们所爱的事物Family, I bambini... 家庭孩子But this american values: 但这条美国价值观Land of the free, home of the brave, 自由之地勇者家园this I don't know. 这个我不明白And then I learn the history of this country. 然后我得知了这个国家的历史Your slavery, the smallpox in the blankets, 你们的奴隶制带天花病毒的毛毯how you stole the land from the natives. 你们如何从土著手里夺走土地And I realize... To be an american 我就认识到当美国人is to pretend. 就是要道貌岸然Capisce? 你明白吗You pretend to be one thing when really you are something else. 你装出一个样子其实真正的你是另一个样子And I can do that. 我能做到Lie. Hide. 说谎隐藏But what I will not do is pretend we are at peace 但我不愿做的是明明在交战when really we are at war. 却假装我们相安无事Are we at war? 我们在交战吗Not yet... 还没有But we're trying real hard. 但我们在竭力忍耐It was a step too far, no? 你那么做太过分了不是吗You mean you? 你是指你吗What? No. You steal the guns, 什么不是你偷走了枪- you kill my man. - You're shooting at my boss's boy. -杀了我的人 -你冲我老大的儿子开枪What you say? A shot? 你说什么开枪- Who shot? - Your goons. -谁开的枪 -你的蠢货手下Taking a shot at the boss's boy, the eldest. 试图枪杀老大的长子Calamita and the rabbi. 卡拉米塔和拉比And the way I figure, 在我看来Calamita is lucky that we didn't off him, too! 我们没把卡拉米塔也弄死算他走运You didn't know? 你不知道吗How about a Spring Street stick-up, night before last? 那前晚在春天街发生的持枪抢劫呢Two dames. 两个女人Shotguns, kitchen knives. 散弹枪厨房用刀Took out two of my boys. 杀了我两个手下That-that wasn't us. 那不是我们干的Well, are you sure? 你确定吗'Cause it seems to me that you ain't tracked in 因为在我看来你对自己家里这些天on all the critical goings-ons 发生的关键事件in your house these days. 并不知情I'll come back to you. 我会答复你How many? 有多少300 semiautomatic. 300把半自动Out of New York. 从纽约运来的So either the Faddas are going into the gun business now所以法达家现在要么开始做枪支生意or they're going to war, with us. 要么就得跟我们开战Sell 200 to Mort Kellerman. 卖两百把给莫特·凯勒曼Out of Fargo? 从法戈运出吗Tell him he can have them at cost, 告诉他可以按成本价买下but he owes us devotion. 但他必须对我们忠诚And, uh, this here-- the snatch and grab? 那这起抢劫呢Faddas say it wasn't them. 法达家族说不是他们干的And what, we trust them now? 怎么他们的话这么可信吗Two broads, you said? 你说是两个女人干的Yeah. One, uh, colored, one squaw. 对一个是有色人种一个是印第安女人They could have farmed it out female, 有可能是他们把活儿外包给了女人the Italians, confuse the matter. 那些意大利人为了混淆视听No. 不Nobody's dumb and smart at the same time. 人不可能既聪明又蠢笨This here is just some crime. 这只是一起普通犯罪Two bonnies. 两个女人We got to beat the bushes, flip some rocks. 我们得除除草挪挪石块- They'll crawl out. - Yeah. -她们会爬出来的 -好吧What we need to do is find out who's on top 我们得搞清楚那些意大利人over in little Italy. 是谁在做主One or the other, 不管怎样if they come at my family again, we'll kill them all. 如果他们再敢动我的家人我们就赶尽杀绝My god! 天啊Jesus christ. 老天爷Is that...? 那是...What was that? 那是什么招数I was reading the most delicious article 昨晚我在读一篇特别引人入胜的last night about Istanbul. 关于伊斯坦布尔的文章Even the word's romantic, don't you think? 这名字听起来就很浪漫不是吗Istanbul. 伊斯坦布尔I think that's where they filmed casablanca. 他们应该就是在那里拍的《卡萨布兰卡》They filmed casablanca in casablanca. 《卡萨布兰卡》是在卡萨布兰卡拍的Yeah. 没错Oh, y-yeah, course. Silly me. 对哦当然我真傻Just-- doesn't it sound divine? 反正...这名字听起来很神圣吧Getting away, laying out for the northern territories, 遗世而独卧于北方wind in your hair? 任风拂过发梢I got mouths to feed, answerability. 我还得养家糊口还要负责A box, you mean-- four walls of pine, 你是说一个密不透风的盒子四面松木成墙which is... 那就是...well, a coffin is what it is, mister. 那就是一口棺材先生There are places in the amazon rainforests 亚马逊雨林里有些地方where a million butterflies take flight all at once. 会有百万只蝴蝶同时振翅而飞Isn't that something a man should see before he dies?这难道不是一个人有生之年该看看的景象吗My brother's in from the old country, breaking balls. 我弟弟从老家过来了烦死我了Ah, excuse you, Mr. Potty mouth. 愿主原谅你脏话先生Sorry. 抱歉It's just-- I swear I could kill that guy. 只是...我发誓我要杀了那家伙- Your brother? - No. -你弟弟吗 -不是Doctor at the hospital. 医院那个医生Stuffed shirt, thinks he shits cornflakes. 自命不凡觉得自己的屎都比别人金贵Harvard. 叫哈佛Goodness. 天Your mind's a clutter of grievances. 你满心都是委屈不忿啊Here I am, talking about waterfalls, 我还在这聊瀑布呢and you're making a list of nemeses. 而你却在罗列报复清单Friends or enemies. That's the world, hmm? 非友即敌这就是世界对吧Oraetta Mayflower's enemy to no man. 奥瑞塔·梅芙拉乌尔不是任何人的敌人You're a dame. 你是个女人Where I come from, 在我的家乡we sleep with one eye open and a razor in our teeth. 我们睡觉时也会睁一只眼嘴里还含着刀片You got any more of that fluffy whiz bang? 你还有那种神奇粉末吗Get my head on straight? 帮我清醒清醒And here I thought you liked me for my vocabulary. 我还以为你喜欢的是我说话的用词呢Well, it's not your vocabulary that just took a ride in my lap. 刚骑在我腿上的可不是你的用词That-- rude. 这很无礼We fly elevated in this house, mister. 在这个房子里放纵也要有姿态先生Proper ladies and gentlemen, which is a lesson 要做得体的女士和先生you should take to heart in your other lives. 这是你不管在哪一世都该用心牢记的And you sleep with a mouthful of razors, 还有如果你睡觉时嘴里全是刀片it's your own throat that gets cut. 那只会割到你自己的喉咙Believe you me. 你最好信我You got the powder or not? 你到底有没有粉I thought you were refined. 我还以为你是有教养的人Why? 'cause my shoes are shiny? 为什么因为我的鞋擦得亮吗Look at that. You left a mark. 看看你留下了印记I'm sure I don't know what you mean. 我完全不知道你在说什么What is this? 什么情况Uh, sorry. I was... 抱歉我本来...Is Miss Mayflower home? 梅芙拉乌尔小姐在家吗Nobody wants you here. 这里不欢迎你You said 50 cents or a dollar for organizing. 你之前说收拾屋子能挣五毛或一块- I got to go. - Well, d-don't, you don't, don't... -我得走了 -别你别...See what you did? 看到你干的好事了吗Sorry. I just-- if you need help with organizing, or anything... 抱歉只是...如果你需要帮忙...什么都行we need the money. 我们需要钱well, now, look at you. 瞧瞧你Sagittarius. 射手座I didn't recognize you in this dark hallway. 走廊这么黑我都没认出你- You said... - I did, but can it wait, sweetie? -你说... -是不过能等等吗亲爱的Oraetta's got to get to work. 奥瑞塔得去工作了I got time now. 我现在有时间I'm a good organizer. 我很会整理的There's that gumption. 那股进取心又来了Ah, fine. 好吧Come in while I get cleaned up. 进来我还要收拾I'm usually oh, so organized, but, 我通常很有条理的但是...well, these days my mind's like a little bird, 最近我的思绪就像只小鸟a million miles away. 飞到万里之外去了Oh, I've been reading about the kings of Egypt. 我一直在看埃及国王们的故事Pharaohs, they're called. 他们被叫做"法老"Like that King Tut they found living inside a pyramid.就像是那个住在金字塔里的图坦卡蒙国王He's a mummy, so... dead, I think. 他是木乃伊所以... 应该是死了Of course. Yeah. 当然Well, no, he wasn't "Living in," He was laying in. 不我不是说住是躺在里面Why, sometimes my mouth says just the strangest things. 有时候我嘴里会说出很奇怪的话Oh, shoot. I've got to fly. 该死我得走了Now, will you just put some things away, 你就帮我稍微收拾一下so that when I come home tonight 这样等我今晚回来I don't feel like jumping out the window 好不会因为屋里一团糟with everything such a jumble? 想跳窗逃跑Uh, do you want me to wash these dishes? 要我把这些碟子也洗了吗Oh, would you? That'd be swell. 可以吗那就太好了Oh, and while you're at it, my room's just down the hallway. 既然你要收拾我的房间在走廊尽头So if you're doing dishes, you might as well clean the sheets. 如果你洗碗就帮我把床单也洗了吧Sheets. 床单- What's in there? - Oh, never you mind about that. -那里面是什么 -你不用管Now, like I said, 像我说的there's, uh, there's French-playing records just by the hi-fi, 高保真唱机边上有法语唱片and, uh, 还有...yeah, you can borrow any book you like. 对书你也可以随便借走看How much? 多少钱How much what? 什么多少钱The way I see it, this whole place-- 在我看来这整间房子...sheets, dishes, three hours' work-- 洗床单洗碗打扫三小时...that's at least a dollar. 至少要一美元Well, aren't you a little capitalist. 你还真是个小资本家What the hell are you doing here? 你在这里干什么I got to tell you something. 我来告诉你一件事What? 什么事You're gonna hear talk, about me, 你会听到关于我的议论something I did or maybe didn't do. 说一件我可能做过或没做过的事Shining a bad light, I mean. 给你吹耳旁风Just be aware of whose lips are doing the flapping. 要当心那些传这些闲话的人Are you being a fink? It sounds like you're being a fink. 你是想告密吗听起来有点像- I botched a hit. - You botched-- how's that? -我搞砸了一件差事 -怎么说The Cannon boy. Lemuel. 那个坎农家的小子莱缪尔Calamita said get in the car, so I got in the car. 卡拉米塔让我上车我就上了车We tailed the kid. He said light him up. 我们跟着那小子他让我崩了他I'm sinking my teeth into your jugular 如果你真崩了他- if this story ends with... - No, no, no. It don't. -我就咬死你 -不是的没有Like I said, he told me to open up, 像我说的他让我动手but events didn't feel right. 但我觉得不对劲"On whose authority?" I ask him, 我问他 "是谁下令的"but he don't say, so I laid on the kibosh. 但他不说所以我就没动手But the kid saw my fangs, no doubt. 但那小子绝对看到我了And look, look, if you ordered it, 你看如果是你下令的I got no problem accepting consequence. 那什么后果我都接受But I know you don't want to start a war. 但我知道你不想挑起战争I didn't order a goddamn hit! 我没让你们去杀人So you're saying what? Gaetano? 所以你是什么意思是盖塔诺吗You're telling me that porkpie, ziti-eating greaser 你跟我说那个爱吃猪肉饼和通心粉的油腻男is giving my boys orders now? 现在开始对我的人下令了吗That sticky golem wop. 那个狗屁意呆子You gotta be kidding me! 在跟我开玩笑吧Look. Here. 听着You're a good boy. Reliable. 你是个好孩子很可靠You're with me, right? 你是我这边的对吗All right. You're gonna watch them. 好你盯紧他们- Who? - All of them. -谁 -他们所有人You're like a fucking bird on a wire, got me? 做只停在电线上的鸟好吗Eyes in the back of your head. 脑后也给我长出眼睛来What about Calamita? 那卡拉米塔怎么办Eh, don't worry, he'll get his. 别担心他有他的教训It's a new day. Got me? 这是新的一天懂了吗Spring fucking cleaning. 春季大扫除You're either loyal, or you're with him. 忠于这边或投身于他Find that cop, Odis. 找到那个警察奥蒂斯Tell him to come to the club, rapid fire. 让他赶紧去一趟俱乐部Tell him to come to the club, rapid fire. 警探办公室That's right. The pump and go out on route 16. 没错她们在16号公路上加油I'm the nightman. 我是值夜班的You might tell the Marshal what you told me. 把你和我说的也和法警说一遍About the lesbians? 拉拉的事Well, there was two of them. 有两个人Uh, a injun and-and a colored woman. 一个印第安女人和一个黑人女人And they were conversing. 她们在聊天Y-yes, sir, that's correct. 是的先生没错About...? 关于...I'm asking, what was the nature of the exchange? 我在问你她们到底在聊什么Oh. Uh, just, uh... Normal chitchat. 就是...普通的聊天See, I th-thought you said 你不是和我说they were talking about skipping town? 她们在聊要逃出城去吗When you called me? 你打给我的时候Right. Yeah. Skipping town. 是的逃出城That's affirmative. 说得没错Uh, said they was headed to chicago. 她们说她们要去芝加哥Chicago? 芝加哥Yes, sir. Chicago. 是的先生芝加哥S-said they was on their way. 她们说她们上路了There it is. 这就对了Guess they flew the coop. 我猜她们逃之夭夭了I'll, uh, I'll walk you out. 我我送你出去Thank you for coming in, Mr. Sinclair. 谢谢你过来辛克莱尔先生- What's this? - Don't be an idiot. -怎么回事 -别犯蠢At least I know how to open a damn door. 至少我知道怎么开该死的门Guess you're off to chicago, then, buddy. 看来你要去芝加哥了伙计That's too bad. We were just starting to hit it off. 太可惜了我们才刚刚开始合拍呢Funny story. 说来有趣What? 什么We're a national agency, turns out. 我们是全国性的机构The U.S. Marshal service. 联邦法警We got offices in Chicago, Indianapolis, all over. 芝加哥印第安纳波利斯等地都有我们的办事处so, I'll pass along the tip, but... 所以我会把线索发给他们但是Kansas City was my mandate, and Kansas city is where I'll stay. 我被派到了堪萨斯城我就得留在堪萨斯城You know, in case they circle back. 以免她们绕回来That's fine. I just thought-- 好吧我只是以为...- I got to run an errand. - An errand? -我得去办点事 -办点事See a snitch, I'm saying. An informant? 去见一个内应线人吧You probably-- we got a code. 你可能...有代码的Well, hell, why didn't you say so? 天你怎么不早说- I'll drive. - That's-- d-don't... -我来开车 -那...别...Don't, don't, don't, don't trouble yourself. 别别别麻烦了Amigo, please. It's the least I can do. 兄弟拜托这是我该做的Amigo, please. It's the least I can do. 我们发现这辆车在阿伦代尔烧坏了Amigo, please. It's the least I can do. 但我们觉得他们把枪都运去仓库了You giving orders now? 你在下令了吗Calm down. 冷静点What? 什么Okay. 好吧It's a gun fight, asshole. 这是枪战混蛋What is this, your little war council? 这是什么你的小小战争顾问团吗Boss, I told them to wait for you. 老大我和他们说了要等你Did you know? 你早知道吗Did you know? 那混蛋...took a shot at Loy's kid. Did you know? 朝罗伊的小孩开枪你早知道了吗I just found out from the consigliere. 我的参谋刚刚告诉我的And you, you're lucky my man was there. 还有你我的人刚好在那儿算你走运Or I'd be cutting your throat 否则我早就用猫粮罐头with a can of cat food right now. 把你喉咙给割开了Ayo. They stole from us. 他们偷了我们的东西This morning, these mulignani. Yeah. 今天早上这些混蛋没错300 guns. 300把枪300 guns. 他们杀了我们的人300 guns. 嘲笑我们Because they think that... We are weak. 因为他们觉得我们很弱They're right. You're weak. 他们没错你们很弱You're weak. 你很弱You took a shot, you missed. 你开枪了但没打中Now my enemy's got, 现在我的敌人有了what, 300 guns? 300把枪Congratulations. 恭喜你Congratulations. 你这个该死的混蛋Do it. 动手Please. Do it. 拜托了动手Do it. 动手啊Bang. 砰Violante. 维奥兰特Violante. 算了吧It's not his fault. Come on. 不是他的错别这样I'll be a minute. 等我一分钟Is this the minute? 一分钟完了吗- I could come with. - No. -我可以一起去的 -不用No, no. I-I got to-- don't want to spook him. 不用我要...我不想吓着他No, no. I-I got to-- don't want to spook him. 乔普林百货商店Son? 孩子Have you accepted Jesus Christ into your heart? 你是否将耶稣基督接纳于心- Get the fuck out of here. - What's the ordeal upstairs? -滚一边去 -楼上是怎么回事Booze? Gambling? 贩酒店还是赌场If a man's pud need a tug, 如果一个男人需要按个摩打个飞机would this be the place for said tugging? 这里会是"飞机房"吗What's that supposed to mean? 你那是什么意思You'll see. 你等下就知道了Morning. 早Ouch. 看着就疼What is that? 那是什么An "O"? 字母O吗Listen... 听好了Get the fuck out of here before I put an "O" in you. 你要是不滚开脸上也会多个O You ever been to Salt Lake? 你去过盐湖城吗That's where I'm from. 我就是那的人We had some Italian gentlemen move to town a few years back.几年前有几个意大利人搬去了那里Thought they could make a few bucks 他们以为把我们的儿子变成毒虫turning our sons into junkies and our daughters into whores. 女儿变成妓女了就能赚几个钱We dissuaded them of that notion with a noose and some horses.我们用套索和几匹马就打消了他们的念头Must have dragged them six, seven miles 拖着他们走了六七英里远before their heads... Popped off. 然后他们的脑袋就掉落了I'll be in the car, waiting for my friend, 我回车上等我的朋友if you need me. 有事就来找我You fellas have a nice day. 日安Look, kid. We are trying to avoid a war here. 听着小子我们在试图避免一场战争爆发So you're gonna remind these mulignani 你要去提醒那群黑鬼that they ain't just fighting us, 他们不止是在和我们打仗they are fighting city hall. 他们还在和市政厅They are fighting the cops. 和警察打仗Know your place. Tell them. 识相点告诉他们Or else. 否则没有好下场And you. You're gonna go to New York. 还有你你要去纽约- Perché? - You're gonna go to New York, -为什么 -你要去纽约kiss the ring, 以示尊重tell them we got everything under control. 告诉他们一切都在我们的掌控之中Maybe bring back a few guys. 顺便再带几个人回来Which is it? 到底干什么Which is it? 我要怎么说还是要带几个人回来是告诉他们尽在掌控之中他们就会知道事情并没有得到控制因为我如果告诉他们需要人手Enough! 够了What is it with everyone today, 今天的人都怎么回事thinking they can talk back to me, 都敢跟我顶嘴了like we're having a debate? 以为是在搞辩论呢You, put the muscle on Cannon, bust some heads, 你对坎农施压搞搞突袭make some arrests. 逮捕几个人And you, put on your traveling shoes, 还有你穿好你的旅游鞋'cause you're on the move. 准备上路注意含毒鸦片酊其家人暂未通知葬礼事宜弗罗伦丝·奎勒曼小姐 23岁其家人暂未通知葬礼事宜拉马尔·赫德尔先生其家人暂未通知葬礼事宜爱你的琼其家人暂未通知葬礼事宜拉马尔他死后留下了忠诚的妻子琼拉马尔·赫德尔先生于昨晚死于手术引起的并发症It's not safe for you driving in this neighborhood. 你在这片街区开车不安全Faddas got PD on payroll. 法达家都打点好警局的人了What I got to do won't take that long. 我就耽误你一下"Dead or in jail." "要么死了要么进了监狱"That's what I tell him every time I leave. 我每次出门前都这么跟他说"Satchel, if I don't come back 撒切尔如果我没回来it's cause I'm dead or in jail." 要么死了要么进了监狱Was it a warning, or did you fuck up? 那是一次警告还是说你搞砸了I protected your son. 我保护了你的儿子By firing your gun at him? 朝他开枪能叫保护吗I protected your son. 我保护了你的儿子Who's calling the shots over there? 那边现在谁说了算The ape or the pipsqueak? 猿人还是矮子Cops patrol these streets every ten minutes. 条子每十分钟就巡逻一次这些街道You don't want to linger. 不宜久留They don't respect you. 他们对你不敬You know those wops you run with? 你知道你身边那些意大利佬吗You're not one of them. 你跟他们不一样And I know what you did. 我知道你做了什么"Boo-hoo" at the back door. 在后门大哭"Daddy. "爸Help me, daddy." 救我爸"then in come the goons. 然后打手就进去了You don't know nothing. 你一无所知What's that like, killing your own family? 那是什么滋味杀害自家人I'll tell you what. Bring me my boy, 这么着吧你把我儿子带来and I'll consider us square. 我们就算是扯平了Maybe god will, too. 也许老天也会宽恕你You know, it's not too late to right thyself 在上帝眼中纠正自己的行为in the eyes of the lord. 还为时未晚Why don't we stop talking, and you cut me some more? 别多说了你再给我来几刀吧Bring me my boy, plus I give you five grand. 把我儿子交给我我再给你五千块How about that? 怎么样I can't do it. 我做不到I can't do it. 我做不到They ain't your family. 他们不是你的家人Mommy. 妈Anything happens to my boy, 如果我儿子有任何闪失either of my boys... 任何一个...It's gonna be like you killed them. 那就是你害死的And I'm gonna feed you to some pigs. 我要把你喂猪Sounds fair to me. 我觉得没问题Sounds fair to me. 新佩里酒店I know, baby, I know. 我知道宝贝我知道It's okay, gorgeous, I'm here. 没事的小美人我在Swan Lake? 斯旺Swanee? 斯旺妮That's okay, that's okay. 没事没事He does that sometimes. 他有时候会那样Mean ole Mr. Snowman. 雪人老怪Jesus. 天啊Who made that pie? 那派是谁烤的- What? - The pie. Who made the pie? -什么 -那个派是谁烤的I don't know. The neighbor, I think? 不知道应该是邻居吧What are you doing here? 你过来干什么Which neighbor? That nurse? 哪位邻居那位护士吗You're out here risking arrest to ask me who made dessert? 你冒着被捕的风险就为了问我谁做的甜点No. I'm your monopoly card. 不我是你的大富翁卡My what? 什么Your get out of jail free card. 我能让你脱罪Where...? Where? 哪里弄来的- Thurman, can I give you some advice? - Yeah. -瑟曼给你个建议好吗 -好When the money fairy comes to visit, don't ask questions. 钱仙子来的时候别问问题Why does it smell funny? 为什么有股怪味Also a question. 这也是个问题How much? 这有多少I don't unders... 我不明- You got a sister? - No. -你有姐妹吗 -没有Then you don't know. 那你就不明白She's proud, my Dibrell. 她很骄傲迪布蕾尔But when she loves you, oh, there's nothing she won't do. 但她爱着你的时候什么都愿意为你做Best you not tell her about this. 但你最好别告诉她Just pay the man back and say "Bygones." Hear me? 你就把钱还给那人然后说"过去了" 懂吗She's not gonna like it. 她不会喜欢的No, she ain't. 没错But she'll get over it. 但她会翻篇的What we don't get over is being dead. 只有死翻不了篇Wait, where do we find you? 慢着我们去哪找你We're staying at the New Parie. 我们住在新佩里酒店One night, maybe two. 一晚或者两晚Swanee needs recovery, then we're on the fly. 斯旺妮得恢复然后就跑路了You tell my niece I'm proud of her. 告诉我外甥女我为她自豪Tell her don't let no sorry ass cut in front of her in line. 告诉她不要让可怜人插她的队Uh, what line? 什么队Any line. 任何队Dad, there's a white man at the door?! 爸门口有个白人男性You got 30 seconds to convince me not to shoot. 你有30秒说服我不开枪That's a lot of greenbacks, Thurman. 那可是一大笔钱瑟曼Yes, sir, it is. 没错先生Where'd you get it? 你从哪弄来的Well, sir, I'd ra-- I'd rather not say. 先生我还是不说为好It was, uh, 那是the loss of a loved one, if you must know. 亲戚去世了如果你非得知道My dear uncle Boolie. 我亲爱的舅舅布里He... 他He passed last week, 他上周去世了left me this money and... 给我留了这笔钱Since you were nice enough to give us that loan, 既然你好心让我们贷款I figured I should bring it to you straightaway. 我想着我该立马还你So he left you this bag of cash. 他给你留了这袋现金啊Your uncle... W-what was it? 你舅舅叫什么来着Boolie. 布里No, sir. His bequeathment came in check form. 不先生他的遗赠是支票形式的Uh, I just figured cash should be easier for you. 我想着给你现金更方便Thurman Thurman, always thinking. 瑟曼瑟曼体贴周到I got to tell you, I can't remember the last time 我得告诉你我都不记得上次a white man tried to make my life easier. 白人让我的生活更方便是什么时候了Well, here's me, then. 我就是这样的白人Here's you. 是啊Well, okay. Thanks for stopping by. 好了谢谢你过来Okay, then. 好吧That's-- hoo. 那I got to say, I really thought you were gonna shoot me there, 我得说我真以为你开始要对我开枪money or no. 不管我有没有钱I thought about it. 我考虑过I'm gonna go now. 我要走了Good choice. 很好的选择- You have a lovely home. Uh... - Leave now. -你家很漂亮 -快走Son of a bitch. 王八蛋Someone's happy. 有人很开心啊Will you marry me? 你愿意嫁给我吗Stop it. We did that already. 别闹了我们已经结婚了Well, I'm saying let's just do it all over again. 那我们再结一次That's how much love you. 我就有这么爱你You being stupid now. Stop it. 你是在犯傻别闹了- What about you? - What about me? -你呢 -我怎么了Will you be my beautiful, brilliant daughter? 你愿意做我美丽聪明的女儿吗Did daddy hit his head? 爸爸撞了头了I think so. 我觉得也是Oh, what are you doing? 你干什么Celebratin'. 庆祝Get some pop now. Be quick. 快去拿瓶汽水来Spill the good news already. 说说是什么好消息吧I did it. 我做到了- We're out. - Out of what? -我们摆脱了 -摆脱了什么Out of danger. Out of debt. 摆脱了危险摆脱了债务- How? - Never you mind how. -怎么做到的 -你不用管All that matters is your daddy fixed things. 重点是你老爸解决了问题You're kiddin'. 你开玩笑吧On a stack of bibles, 我对着一堆《圣经》发誓it's sigh a relief o'clock around here 斯马特尼一家人现在到了at the old Smutny household. 解脱的时候了Aren't you gonna drink? 你不喝吗What did you do? 你做了什么I told you, I fixed things. 我跟你说了我解决了问题- Where is she? - Who? -她在哪里 -谁You know who. Where is she? 你知道是谁她在哪里- Babe. - Don't babe me. -宝贝 -少叫我宝贝Do you got any idea what she did to get that money? 你知道她是怎么弄来那笔钱的吗Dad, what's she talking about? 爸爸她说什么呢Now, Dibrell, I'm gonna... 迪布蕾尔我要I got to put my foot down here. 我得制止你了This was-- not casting stones, but-- and look, 我不是在翻旧账但是I didn't want to-- you remember, 你记得的我一开始take that money in the first place. 就不想贷那笔款- A man like that, so... - Thurman Howard Smutny. -那样的人 -瑟曼·霍华德·斯马特尼No, I solved it. I... 不我解决了我Opportunity knocked and I walked through that door. 机会上门了我走过了那扇门- I seized the... - Baby... -我把握了 -宝贝What did you do? 你做了什么Whatever I did, it's done. 不管我做了什么都已成定局She'll be all right. 她会没事的This'll... It'll all blow over soon enough. 这事很快就会过去的。
美国文化
5. 追求财富
“seeking the wealth” 美国人的祖先大多来自于贫民，追求财富，改善 生活成为绝大多数移民的梦想。时至今日现在的 美国人对于财富的理解远远超出了他们的祖先， 时间、健康、能力、信息等都超出了纸币本身的 价值，金钱成为了一种代表符号。总而言之，在 美国人看来，一个人要有expectation，这是你个 人前进的动力。
6. 敬业进取
“hard work” 多数美国人都会把“敬业、进取” 当作自己获得财富和保持财富的手 段。很多美国人已经把工作当成一 种人生的乐趣。在竞争面前，只有 敬业并不断进取，才能保持自己在 竞争中不败！
美国文化
的形成
美 国
一、简介
国名
美利坚合众国 The United States of America 缩写：USA (或US)
概 况
中文名称：美利坚合众国 主要宗教：基督教，天主教 英文名称：United states of 摩门教，犹太教 America 国土面积：936.4万平方公里 所属洲： 北美洲 GDP总计：15,064,816万美元 首都： 华盛顿 人均GDP：47284美元 国庆日:1776年7月4日 国家象征：玫瑰花，蓝宝石， 国歌：《星条旗永不落》 白头海雕 政体：联邦制 人口：3,0875亿 主要民族：美利坚民族，拉丁裔， 非裔，亚裔
风俗习惯
社会生活 衣：衣服的外套和体恤主要分为S (Small)，M (Medium)，L ( Large) 三个尺寸，其中S型号比国内L号还要大一些。裤子的尺寸跟国内的标 法是一样的，鞋子的标法不同。 美国人衣着总体上讲随便。但是在某些场合仍有一定的规范和要 求。例如上歌剧院看歌剧，女士习惯穿礼服，男士也是衣冠楚楚，打 折蝴蝶式领结。参加重要聚会时，男士一般身着西装，打领带，女子 则以裙服为主，质地考究。在宴会和舞会上也都要穿得比较讲究的正 式服装。美国得正式服装有燕尾服、大夜礼服和小夜礼服。 美国人讲究社交礼仪，在衣着上也逐渐形成了一种大家认可并尊 重的风俗习惯。例如不宜穿着运动衣在办公室办公，不能身穿夜礼服 在大白天逛商店，不便穿背心出入公共场所，更不能穿睡衣出门，否 则，会遭人耻笑的。 在美国，多数公司都要求职员上班时穿公务套装。公务套装一般 选用色调柔和得毛料制成，以蓝、灰、棕色和青色居多。
america和american的用法
America和American是英语中常见的词汇，它们在语法和语义上有着不同的用法。
本文将着重探讨这两个词汇的用法，并且通过丰富的例子来加深读者对它们的理解。
下文将分为以下几个部分进行展开：一、America的用法1. America作为国名America常常用来指代美利坚合众国，是一个国家的名称。
We are going to travel to America next summer. （我们将在下个夏天去美国旅行）2. America作为大陆另外，America还有另外一种用法，即指代整个北美和南美洲的大陆。
Many people believe that America was discovered by Christopher Columbus. （许多人相信美洲是由克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现的）二、American的用法1. American作为国籍American是一个形容词，用来形容美利坚合众国的人和事物。
She is an American girl. （她是一个美国女孩）2. American作为人种或民族American也可以用来指代美国的人种或民族。
在美国，来自不同的文化背景的人们都可以自豪地称自己为American。
3. American作为风格或特征American还可以用来形容某种风格或特征。
American literature （美国文学）、American culture（美国文化）等。
America和American虽然在拼写上相似，但在语法和语义上有着不同的用法。
了解并正确运用这两个词汇是学习英语及进行跨文化交流的基础。
相信通过阅读本文，读者已经对这两个词汇的用法有了更清晰的认识。
America和American作为英语中的常见词汇，在日常交流中的使用频率很高，同时也是英语学习中的重要内容。
本文将进一步探讨这两个词汇的用法，并通过更多的例子来加深对它们的理解。
介绍美国的英语作文带翻译
介绍美国的英语作文带翻译English Composition:The United States of America, often referred to as the U.S. or simply America, is a country primarily located in North America, consisting of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. It is the world's third-largest country by both land and total area. The United States shares significant land borders with Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, and it has a diverse climate that ranges from arctic tundra in Alaska to arid desert in parts of Arizona and New Mexico.The U.S. is known for its cultural diversity and is often called a "melting pot" due to the vast array of cultures, languages, and ethnicities coexisting within its borders. English is the de facto national language, although Spanishis widely spoken, particularly in areas with large Hispanic populations.The country has a strong economy, with major industries including technology, agriculture, manufacturing, and entertainment. The U.S. is a global leader in innovation and is home to many of the world's leading technology companies, such as Apple, Google, and Microsoft.In terms of education, the United States boasts some of the most prestigious universities and research institutions,including Harvard, Stanford, and the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology (MIT). Higher education in the U.S. is highly competitive and attracts students from all over the world.The U.S. also has a rich history and is known for its democratic principles and values. It is a federal republicwith a strong emphasis on individual rights and freedoms. The country has played a significant role in global affairs and has been a leader in various international organizations,such as the United Nations.Translation (中文翻译):美国，通常被称为美国或简称为美国，是一个主要位于北美洲的国家，由50个州、一个联邦区、五个主要的自治领土和各种领地组成。
美国价值观(中英文对照)
Basic American Values and Beliefs基本的美国价值观和信仰Individual Freedom and Self-Reliance个人自由和自力更生The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establish colonies which were free from the controls that existed in European societies. They wanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kings and governments,priests and churches,noblemen and aristocrats. To a great extent,they succeeded. In 1776 the British colonial settlers declared their independence from England and established a new nation,the United States of America. In so doing,they overthrew the king of England and declared that the power to govern would lie in the hands of the people. They were now free from the power of the king. In 1789,when they wrote the Constitution for their new nation,they separated church and state so that there would never be a government-supported church. Also,in writing the Constitution they expressly forbade titles of nobility to ensure that an aristocratic society would not develop. There would be no ruling class of noblemen in the new nation.最早的定居者来到北美大陆建立殖民地是自由的控制存在于欧洲社会。
Unit-10-The-Jeaning-of-America答案综合教程二
Unit 10 The Meaning of America简介本章节主要探讨美国的含义。
美国作为一个国家，除了自身的实际面貌，还承载了许多指代、隐喻和抽象概念。
本章节会通过两篇文章以及书籍《看美国》来分析美国的不同含义。
所阐述的观点本章节所阐述的观点主要包括以下几点：1.美国是一种“乐观主义”的国家精神体现。
2.美国是一个“移民国家”，在这种背景下形成了美国独特的文化。
3.美国有很多具有象征意义的符号和建筑物，如自由女神像、华盛顿纪念碑等等。
4.美国的文化价值观是以个人自由和平等为核心。
文章分析1. “Why Americans Are So Optimistic About Everything” by Derek Thompson此文主要讲述了美国的“乐观主义”和它对美国现代文化的影响。
文章指出，美国的乐观主义源于美国独特的历史和文化传承，以及美国人种的多样性。
美国的乐观主义也激发了美国人对未来的信任和积极的态度，而这恰恰促进了美国的科技和经济的发展。
2. “The Making of Americans” by E.J. Dionne Jr.此文主要探讨了美国作为移民国家的含义以及移民对美国文化的影响。
文章指出，美国历史上的移民是无可替代的，移民们带来了各自独特的文化和价值观念，促进了美国多元文化的发展。
同时，移民的经历也塑造了美国人独特的性格特征，如自助精神、创新精神等等。
3.《看美国》本书作者是像一个人类学家一样，对美国这个国家进行全方位的观察和分析，从美国文化、文艺、媒体、政治等方面都做了深入探讨。
本书从多个方面探讨了美国的含义，非常值得一读。
美国的意义和内涵是多方面的，它包括历史、文化、价值观念等多方面的因素。
本章节所阐述的观点，重点在于探讨美国的乐观主义、移民对美国文化的影响，以及美国文化中的具有象征意义的符号。
只有通过深入了解美国的多重含义，我们才能更好地理解和认识这个富有魅力的国家。
白宫英文作文80词
白宫英文作文80词英文：As the President of the United States, the White Houseis my official residence and workplace. It is a symbol of the power and authority of the American government. The White House has a rich history and is a popular tourist attraction. Visitors can take a tour of the building and learn about its architecture, art, and the lives of the presidents who have lived there.中文：作为美国总统，白宫是我的正式住所和工作场所。
它是美国政府权力和权威的象征。
白宫有着丰富的历史，是一个受欢迎的旅游景点。
游客可以参观建筑、艺术和曾经在这里居住的总统们的生活。
英文：The White House is not just a building, it is also asymbol of democracy and freedom. It represents the values that America stands for, such as equality, justice, and opportunity. As the leader of this great nation, I am proud to call the White House my home and to work here every dayto serve the American people.中文：白宫不仅仅是一座建筑，它也是民主和自由的象征。
美国文化介绍英文版
American culture The main content of American culture is the emphasize on individuals' value,the pursue of democracy and freedom,the promotion of deploitation(开拓,经营) and competition and the need of realistic and practicality.Its core is individualism:self first,personal need first,pursue of individual benefit and enjoyment,emphasize on achieving individual value by self-strive and self-design.This type of intentionally build up of personality and pursue customized individualism has its pros and cons,it gives incentives to people and make them exert on their potential and wisdom and as a result accelerate the development of the entire race and nation; on the other hand it is difficult to keep good relationship among people if everyone is egocentric thus make the entire society lack of unity. egocentric:.⾃我中⼼的,利⼰主义的 American citizens emphasize on achievements and respect heroes.They have great sense in their hearts to praise success andheroes.Personal achievements are one of those with the highest value in Americans mind.Americans have very strong senses of success.Success is the pursuit of most Americans,it is their attractive future and the incentives for moving forward.They believe that one's personal value is equivalent to his achievements in his career.Some high achievers in their career such as entrepreneurs,scientists,artists and all kinds of super starts became modern heroes.The process and result of how they strived have become the frame of reference of social culture value and the real life text book for parents to educate their children. incentive:Serving to induce or motivate: American society has great movements within itself.These movements are shown in two aspects:movements amongst locations and movements inside the society.The United States are relatively more open and have more freedom.Developed transport and the tradition of adventure and sporty makes a lot of American migrate from countryside to cities,from downtown to uptown; and from north to the southern sunny land,from one city to another.Unlike European countries,the social classes in America is not so stable.Further more,with the advocation of public education,movements upwards along the social ladder have become possible.Many people living in the states,no matter whether they are Native American or immigrants from overseas,have the same dream of changing their social class and make their lifetime dream come true through their own efforts.This is what they often called "American dream". advocation：(=advocacy)拥护；⽀持美国⽂化的主要内容是强调个⼈价值,追求民主⾃由,崇尚开拓和竞争,讲求理性和实⽤,其核⼼是个⼈中⼼主义：个⼈⾄上、私欲⾄上、追求个⼈利益和个⼈享受,强调通过个⼈奋⽃、个⼈⾃我设计,追求个⼈价值的最终实现.这种刻意塑造⾃我,追求个性化的个⼈主义有其积极的⼀⾯,也有消极的⼀⾯.它调动了个⼈的积极性,使许多⼈的智慧和潜⼒得以充分发挥,从⽽促进整个民族与国家的振兴和发展.然⽽,⼈⼈以我为中⼼,⼈际关系就难以融洽,整个社会也会缺乏凝聚⼒. 美国公众注重成就,仰慕英雄,有深厚的成就崇拜和英雄崇拜的⼼理积淀.个⼈成就是所有美国⼈价值观中评价的价值之⼀.美国⼈有很强的成就(或成功)意识.成功是所有美国⼈的追求,是诱⼈的前景,前进的动⼒.他们坚信,⼀个⼈的价值就等于他在事业上的成就.⼀些事业有成的企业家、科学家、艺术家和各类明星,成了新时代的英雄.他们个⼈奋⽃的过程和结果,成了社会⽂化价值取向的参照系,⽗母教育⼦⼥的活教材. 美国是流动性很⼤的社会.这种流动体现在两个⽅⾯：地域性流动和社会性流动.美国相对的开放⾃由、发达的交通和冒险好动的传统使许多美国⼈从乡村流到城市,⼜从市中⼼流向郊区；从北⽅流到南⽅阳光地带,从⼀个城市流到另⼀个城市.美国社会阶级不像欧洲国家那样固定,加上公共教育的普及,使沿着社会阶梯向上流动成为可能.许多⽣活在美国的⼈,⽆论是⼟⽣⼟长的美国⼈,还是漂洋过海来到美国的外国移民,都有⼀个梦,即通过⾃⼰的努⼒,改变⾃⼰的社会地位,实现⾃⼰的⼈⽣梦想,这就是⼈们常津津乐道的“美国梦”.。
论美国文化价值观之对物质财富的追求
论美国文化价值观之对物质财富的追求当谈到文化价值观时，我们会发现不同的国家都有其独特的价值观。
美国也不例外，也有其独特的价值观。
其中对物质财富的追求是其传统文化价值观之一。
本文从清教主义、社会和自然环境，以及实用主义哲学等几个方面对美国人追求物质财富这一传统价值观进行了分析，挖掘其渊源, 并从积极和消极两个方面探讨这一价值观对美国个人及整个国家的影响，并指出对物质财富的追求应建立在适度及取之有道的基础上。
关键词:文化价值观，美国人，物质财富, 影响IntroductionTo some extent, values mean the general and shared conceptions of what is good, right, appropriate, worthwhile, and important with regard to modes of conduct and states of existence. In other words, values are conceptions about how the world and people should be. And when refers to the cultural values in different nations, we can conclude that different country has its own unique cultural values. As the formation of a country’s cultural values are affected by many factors, such as history, religion, natural environment, economy, politics and so on.A country’s cultural values experience a long historical process.Life mode, behavior mode and thinking mode of generation after generation all relate to their own distinctive national cultural values. That’s to say, a country's cultural values inevitably affect its people as well as the whole nation.The United States, like any other countries, has its national cultural values. But compared with other countries in the world, the United States is a quite special one. In the specific historical background and broad natural environment of North America, some unique American cultural values had come into being gradually.The basic American traditional cultural values are individualism, equality ofopportunity, competition and desire for success, pursuit material wealth, hard-working spirit and so on. Many Americans still believe in them and are strongly affected by them. It is easier to understand what Americans are thinking and feeling if we can understand what these basic traditional American values are and how they have influenced almost every facet of life in the United States.Whatever the case, among all these values, pursuit of material wealth is a very important one. Many of the values mentioned above are in one way or another related to the notion of pursuit of material wealth. Indeed, in many ways, the desire for material wealth serves as a driving force for individuals to work hard, to keep an upbeat spirit, so as to be more competitive, and to obtain more material goods to demonstrate the worth of life.In this paper, the author will analyze the pursuit of material wealth. The contents include analysis the cultural origins of American values—pursuit of material wealth, the influences of this value on American people’s life and the whole nation and the conclusion.The Origins of Desire for Material Wealth1.1 The Influence of PuritanismAt the beginning of 17th century, the first settlers landed on the New Land not only for the religious freedom but also for wealth. From then on, the Puritans began to influence the whole land and Puritanism was the mainstream of the colonial culture and has greatly influenced the Puritan colonies in North America, and then the whole country. It was an important factor in the course of forming of American culture and American spirit. Its theory of wealth has deeply influenced the attitudes of Americans towards wealth.The Puritans insisted that all individuals are left alone before God to improve them or suffer eternal punishment by God for their sinful acts. So Protestantism encourages a strong and restless desire for self-improvement. And the achievement of material success is probably the most widely respected form of self-improvement. So desire for material wealth in American culture has close relationship with Puritanismbelieved by initial immigrants. Although these immigrants with different aims, in order to exist, they must possess material wealth as much as they could. Protestantism distinguished itself from Roman Catholicism with pragmatic spirit.It doesn't agree on afterlife concept of Catholicism and argues that protestant’s devoutness should be expressed in earthliness’ activities. So Protestants regard success in earthliness as what is saved from God. Wealth is God's re ward to the diligent and poverty is God’s punishment to the lazy. The Puritans believed that people who are blessed by God might be recognized in the world by their material success. The Puritan’s attitude towards the wealth exists in the American society all the time. It becomes the motivation for people to pursuit wealth.It is the theory of wealth in Protestantism that makes immigrants in North America even their descendent insist on pursuing substantial wealth.And material wealth has traditionally been a widely accepted as the measure of success and social status in the United States.1.2 Unique Social and Natural EnvironmentThe United States is a country set up by European immigrants on the base of mature western culture. The 17th century is the rising time of European capitalism. The early settlers from European also carried the seeds of capitalism when they landed on the North American. And it grew well in the North American quickly. The development of capitalism influenced the Americans’values, especially desire for wealth. As profit is the life for capitalists. But there existed great differences between American capitalism and European. For Americans rejected the European system of hereditary aristocracy and titles of nobility.In the early years, many immigrants chose to leave the older European societies because they believed that they have a better chance succeed in America. In “the old country”, their place in life was determined largely by social class into which they were born. The lower class had to live among noble families who possessed great power and wealth inherited and accumulated over hundreds of years. So it’s difficult for the lower class to pursuit material wealth and changes their position though they worked hard. There were not hereditary aristocracy and formal class system in the New Land. In the North American, the quality and quantity of an individual’s materialpossessions became an accepted measure of success and social status.Meanwhile, special natural environment of North America continent has provided fine earth for Americans to pursuit material wealth. Broad and fertile land and abundant natural resources prepare ascendant conditions for immigrants' production. Along with the development of capitalism, desire for material wealth is more and more deeply rooted in North America.In the historical background and broad natural environment of North America, the pursuit of material wealth becomes one of the most remarkable cultural values. This concept grew in particular American social and geographic environment. Under American conditions, swiftly and clearly, there developed a hunger for wealth. In America, making money has dignity.1.3 Pragmatic SpiritThe pragmatism is the most important philosophical concept in the United States. And this philosophy has great influence on the Americans, first along America’s frontiers, and later through its remarkable industrial growth.Americans are famous for their practicality. This is a tradition formed in the initial immigrants' experience of conquering the wild. For the early settlers, though the New Land has broad and fertile land and abundant natural resources, nature bestowed on them a difficult rather than comfortable environment. In order to exist they had to make full use of the pragmatic spirit to struggle with the wildness. They often had to construct their own houses, hunted, and household items. In the history of frontier exploitation, the people without efficiency and practicality were often despised by other people. Thus directly expressing one's own view and completing one's own business are the basic principle insisted by most Americans.Whatever to say, the key essence of the pragmatism is emphasis on the final results. It’s no doubt that possession material wealth is always treated as the standard for judging the results. The Americans always pay more attention to the things which they could snatch and can calculate by money. Many Americans put material gains above justice in daily life. American leaders also keep a pragmatic attitude and their administrative achievements are urged by actual profit brought to citizens by them. SoPragmatic Spirit also plays an important role in the formation of desire for wealth.The V alue’s Influences on Individualists and the Nation Indeed, in a country, like the United States, where class status being unfixed, the country has for a long time encouraged the notion of identifying one’s social status through his achievements rather than through hereditary device. To the extent that possession of wealth is a prerequisite for survival. The loser is likely to be thrown to the bottom of society. So it’s not difficult to understand why Americans are keen to pursuit material wealth.We can’t deny that the pursuit of material wealth has produced many positive results. For example, it pushes Americans to seek for the best, it compels Americans to be original, it energizes Americans to move ahead, and it gives freshness and vitality to the American society. Objectively, the desire for wealth as a cultural value has helped the United States to develop its economy and industry. The immense joy one can derive from his achievements, and the expectation of social appreciation and recognition for what one may accomplish, all stem from the strong desire for wealth.However, it’s very difficult for people to keep pursuit of wealth in a proper degree. And placing a high value on material possessions is called materialism. If they place this value above all else, troubles even tragedies may occur.One negative consequence is to make personal relationship tense when everyone is trying to crush out his opponents in order to achieve his own success. Another one is to build a heavy psychological burden on the part of those who are inflamed with the desire for wealth. And finally, it tends to develop two kinds of indifference: indifference to the preservation of natural resources, and indifference to those who fall behind in the race for survival.It’s no doubt that the cultural values inevitably affect a country’s policies, including foreign policies. The value of pursuit of material wealth is not an exception. It gradually melted in American culture and became an important character of American nation. It even developed into an embodiment of American national culturein foreign affairs and a reflection of American pursuit of its own interests. Expansionism as a foreign policy has been penetrating through the entire American history. Whatever it does is for the highest interests of itself.In order to accumulate as much wealth as possible, the United States takes all kinds of expansion measures, such military force, economic expansion, cultural expansion and so on. For its own profits, it snatching raw materials from other countries and monopolizing markets of other countries without thinking these countries right and interests. For example, the Spanish-American War, occurred in 1898, was waged to protect American interests in Cuba. In Asia in 1899, the United States announced the Open Door Policy to China. And the United States spends 3/4 of world oil output each year in developing its own industry. In order to satisfy the requirement, it crazily seizes oil resources from the Middle East and some other districts. It practices economic sanction. It’s also used to interfering with other countries by military force, in the name of human rights and so on. All of these are determined by present American national interests. For the United States, comparing with its interests, “Moral standards and principles are the secondary”. Just in this way, profit and raw materials from overseas markets constantly pour into the United States. American economy thus developed to a higher level.Although the United States has become the only super power after Cold War, it still couldn’t wi n total success. For its profits, the United States goes against other countries’ interests, and makes enemies all over the world. So it meets more and more resistance from other countries. For example, to some extent, the international terrorism is against the American’s accumulating wealth by hook or by crook. And it will meet more and more troubles and be in dilemma without changing its policy.ConclusionPursuit of material wealth is one marked cultural feature for the American. The formation of this cultural value is complex. And this cultural value has deeply influenced not only the individuals but also the whole nation.We can’t deny that desire for material wealth is an important force for the development of the United States. However, placing a high value on material possessions is called materialism. As a coin has two sides, there is a dark side to pursuit wealth not for the individual but also for the whole country.For the individual, there are those, feeling unable to success, who suffers extreme forms of mental anguish, physical and mental illness. For the government, in the world of fierce competition, in order to exist and develop, any sovereign state makes and implements policies with regard to its own interests. This is also understandable. But everything has certain degree, or it will be deeply involved in evil and end with bitter failure at last. In order to protect its own interests, the United States often sacrifices the interests of some weak countries. Its expansionism adds new unstable factor to the originally disordered situations and causes native people’s resistance.As the Chinese old saying goes, “A real gentleman only gains his wealth in the right ways.”If not, at last, it will “Give a thief enough rope and he’ll hang himself.”In a word, pursuit of material wealth is not fault, but we should keep it in certain degree and take it in a proper way. Just in this way, individuals can live a happy and harmonious life and the country can develop prosperously and obtain a long peace. History tells us that to develop peacefully together without any bias is the only reliable way to improve human peace and development in the 21st century.Biography[1]Robert. M. Crunden, A brief History of American Culture [M]. New Y ork: Pragon House, 1994.[2]宁洪编. American Values and Its Culture Reading Course. 天津：天津大学出版社，2004.[3]王恩铭编. American Culture and Society上海: 上海外语教育出版社，2003.[4]胡敏, Wilde,J.W. Blumer, N. 美国文化教程. 北京；世界知识出版社，2009.[5]贺琳. 浅论美国文化中的实用主义. 湖南: 科技咨询导报. 中南林业科技大学外语部，2007.[6]罗朝秀. 清教思想对美国主要价值观的影响. 湖北广播电视大学学报第28卷，第10期.[7]朱永涛. 美国价值观一个中国学者的探讨[M]. 北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 2002.。
美国人的价值观(英文版)
——组员：毛美娟 左孝梅 周
福萍 杨秀兰
American values
一．Origin and causes 二．Contents 三．Spread and effects
一、Origin
• 美国的建立与基督教尤其是新教息息相关。
• The foundation of America is related to both Christianity and Protestantism.
Equality Americans believe that all people are created equal and that all should have an equal opportunity to succeed. Parents and children are friends. Americans hate to treat the person who has a higher social state with great respect.
1.Individualism(个人主义)
I am the Saviour（救世主） • Americans think that they are the master of nature, they can control the environment around them. When they get into trouble, the first thought come into their mind is that they can conquer it without other’s help.
When you show your success, there is no better way than making other people know your ability of enjoy the material goods.
美国价值观
AMERICAN VALUESIndividual Freedom | Choice in Education | The Family | Privacy | American Values - Online ResourcesIf you asked most Americans what the cultural values in the U.S. are, you might get some blank stares, or a statement of some basic beliefs. The question may seem simple, but the answer is quite complex. In a society as highly diverse as the United States, there is likely to be a multitude of answers.American culture has been enriched by the values and belief systems of virtually every part of the world. Consequently, it is impossible to be comprehensive. Nevertheless, a few selected values are at the core of the American value system.Individual FreedomThe one value that nearly every American would agree upon is individual freedom. Whether you call it individual freedom, individualism, or independence, it is the cornerstone of American values. It permeates every aspect of our society.The concept of an individual's having control over his/her own destiny influenced the type of government that was established here, and individual rights are guaranteed in the United States Constitution (the supreme law of the land).These rights are so protected in our judicial system that, even though Americans may complain that criminals sometimes "get away with murder," most people believe it is better to free a few guilty persons than to imprison one person who is innocent.While our economic system may be dominated by large corporations, the majority of American businesses are small, and many are owned by an individual or a family. It is part of the "American dream" to "be your own boss," and being an entrepreneur is one of the most appealing ways to improve one's economic future.Choice in EducationEducation is often regarded as the key to opportunity, including financial security. Americans take a pragmatic approach to learning, so what one learns outside the classroom through internships, extracurricular activities and the like is often considered as important as what is learned in the classroom. Consequently, lifelong learning is valued which results in many adult and continuing education programs.Americans have many choices. In school they decide their major field of study, perhaps with or without their parents' influence, and students even get to select some of their courses. These "elective" courses often confuse foreign students who may expect a more rigid curriculum.The belief that Americans should "be all that you can be" emanates from our Protestant heritage. Since the majority of the early settlers were Protestant, they believed that they had aresponsibility to improve themselves, to be the best they could be, to develop their talents, and to help their neighbors. These convictions have not only influenced our educational system, but are often reflected in U.S. foreign policy. What some might consider meddling in other people's affairs, others believe is fulfilling a moral obligation.The FamilyAnother aspect of American society that may bewilder non-Americans is the family. The nuclear family structure (parents and children) is so alien to most cultures in the world that it is often misunderstood. The main purpose of the American family is to bring about the happiness of each individual family member. The traditional family values include love and respect for parents, as well as for all members of the family.However, the emphasis on the individual and his/her right to happiness can be confusing. It allows children to disagree, even argue with their parents. While in most other cultures such action would be a sign of disrespect and a lack of love, that is not the case in the United States. It is simply a part of developing one's independence.Many foreign students and visitors are welcomed by host families, who invite them into their homes for dinner or to join in family activities. Frequently visitors are told to "make themselves at home" and, at times, may appear to be "left alone."It certainly is nice to be treated as an honored guest in someone's home, but one of the highest compliments that an American can give foreign guests is to treat them like members of the family, which means to give them the "freedom of the house" to do what they want, to "raid the refrigerator" on their own, or to have some quiet time alone.PrivacyPrivacy is also important to Americans. The notion of individual privacy may make it difficult to make friends. Because Americans respect one's privacy, they may not go much beyond a friendly "hello." Ironically, it is usually the foreigner who must be more assertive if a friendship is to develop.The rugged individualism valued by most Americans stems from our frontier heritage. For much of our country's history, there was a frontier. That experience greatly influenced American attitudes. Early settlers had to be self-sufficient which forced them to be inventive. Their success gave them an optimism about the future, a belief that problems could be solved. This positive spirit enables Americans to take risks in areas where others might only dream, resulting in tremendous advances in technology, health and science.The American frontier also created our heroes: the self-reliant, strong-willed, confident individual who preferred action to words and always tried to treat others fairly. Many of these characteristics are represented by the myth of the American cowboy, and the more modern versions personified in movies by John Wayne, Clint Eastwood, and Sylvester Stallone. We can even look to "future" centuries and admire similar qualities in the heroes of the Star Trek and Star Wars movie series.In addition to such basic American values as individual freedom, self-reliance, equality of opportunity, hard work, material wealth, and competition, we see a trend toward conservation with an emphasis on recycling and preserving the environment. Also there is a greatersensitivity to cooperation on a more global scale.No matter what changes the next century brings or whether you agree with American values, the opportunity to visit the United States and to observe Americans first-hand is an experience well worth the effort.Be careful not to be ethnocentric, but to evaluate a culture by its own standards. Be aware that you'll help shape American attitudes, just as they will influence you.About American ValuesAmerican Values is a non-profit organization committed to uniting the American people around the vision of our Founding Fathers. Centuries ago, our Founders boldly proclaimed to the world a distinctly American faith in democracy; a faith rooted in the self-evident truths that "all men are created equal and endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and th e pursuit of happiness." We believe these liberties need to be uph eld and cherished, especially given how closely divided our country seems.American Values serves to remind the public of the conservative principles that are so fundamental to the survival of our nation and to b ring support and ideas to policy makers and empower our elected officials to have the support they need to d o what is right, noble and good.Our vision is a nation that embraces life, marriage, family, faith, and freedom. We work for streets without bullets, schools that p repare our children for success, laws that protect our people and a government that serves its citizens. We can get there. But we n eed to start now.Sadly, the culture of death continues to be promoted in our media, courts and legislatures. Millions of unborn children have been killed over the last 30 years as a result of our country’s selfishness, justified under the euphemisms of choice and privacy. Advances in science h ave brought about new challenges for those working to protect life. Embryonic stem cell research and cloning advocates borrow fro m the pro-abortion playbook by trying to confuse the public about the supposed benefits and dangerous realities of their research.American Values is deeply committed to defending life, traditional marriage and equipping our children with the values n ecessary to stand against liberal education and cultural forces. American Values is an endeavor that we hope will continue to strengthen the distinct Am erica that our Founding Fathers sought to create. And we hop e that you will join me in this effort.American Value: Equality∙Level:∙Grades 6 to 8∙Grades 9 to 12∙Subject:∙Reading and Language Arts∙Social StudiesAcross the political spectrum, most commentators identify "equality" as an Americanvalue. After all, the Constitution begins "We the People of the United States, in Order to forma more perfect Union" — a pronouncement that implies a group of individuals coming togetherto speak with equal voice and authority.In 1787, "People" really only meant "Free Persons," and "Free Persons" meant white m en.African Americans who were enslaved were deemed "other Persons," which, after muchdebate, the authors of the Constitution ultimately deemed "three-fifths" of a Free Person as a means to bolster Southern representation in Congress. And, at the time, white women were considered the property of their husbands and certainly unfit for public duty.Fortunately, our Constitution created a system of government that was bigger than theprivileged white men who wrote it, allowing our nation to correct its limited view of humanity through Constitutional amendments and other means.Help students examine this transformation by reading an original version of the Constitution;we suggest the National Archives' version, which highlights in red where changes ultimately were made. As students read the document, ask them to identify the following:∙In Article I, Section 2, what pronoun is used to refer to a "Representative"? To whom does "all other Persons" refer?∙In Article I, Section 3, what pronoun is used to refer to a "Senator"?∙In Article I, Section 7, and in Article II, Sections 1, 2 and 3, what pronouns are used to refer to the "President"?∙In Article IV, Section 2, what pronoun is used to refer to a person? To whom does "Person held to service or labor" refer?Next, introduce students to key Amendments that have expanded the meaning of "We":Amendments XIII, XIV and XV (abolishing slavery and guaranteeing African Americans equal protections under the law, ratified after the Civil War; the Amendments' promise wasn'tenforced, however, until the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965), Amendment XIX (granting women the right to vote, ratified as a result of the suffrage movement) and Amendment XXIV (abolishing poll taxes that had been used to keep African Americans from voting, ratified as a result of the Civil Rights Movement).To close the activity, ask students to reflect verbally or in writing on how these Amendments have helped the U.S. become a "more perfect Union, establish Justice, [and] insure domestic Tranquility."Build on this lesson with the following activities:∙This summer, in a decision related to school integration, some members of the Supreme Court argued that our Constitution is "color-blind." Ask students to write an argumentative essayagreeing or disagreeing with this viewpoint.∙The field of contenders for the 2008 Presidential elections has been widely lauded for its diversity.Comedian Jon Stewart went so far as to ask Democratic contender John Edwards if he feltdisadvantaged as a white man. Using the Washington Post's listing of candidates, identify the sex, race and ethnicity of each candidate and then contrast "candidate demographics" againstdemographics of the U.S. population generally, using this chart. Which racial, ethnic and gender groups are over- or under-represented? How might these discrepancies relate to patterns ofinclusion and exclusion in "We" over time? What do they tell us about equality of access to our nation's political system?∙Echoing the language of the Fifteenth Amendment, the not-yet-ratified Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) declares, "Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex." Students can explore the debate about the ERA, as well as the process by which our Constitution is amended, at CNN's Student News division.∙The Constitution mentions "Indians" twice — treating them as members of "non-taxed" (and thus non-represented) tribes with whom the federal government holds negotiation rights. The Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 — legislative action, not an amendment — extended citizenship to Native Americans. Full enforcement of the Act was long and arduous, however; as late as 1989, forexample, the state of Montana was prohibiting tribal members from voting. How can American Indians be members of sovereign tribes and citizens of the U.S., with which tribes maintaintreaties? Engage in a classroom research project to discover the necessity — and development —of both treaties between these nation-states and the enfranchisement of Native Americans. A good place to begin is Native Vote: American Indians, the Voting Rights Act, and the Right to Vote by Daniel McCool, Susan M. Olson and Jennifer L. Robinson ($24.99, ISBN-10: 0521548713;ISBN-13: 978-0521548717).∙美国人的价值观∙∙∙2006-4-5 10:01:46 心情：? 天气：? 温度：? ℃∙∙记得1998年我参加过一项美国人对中国人价值观和美国人价值观的调查和对比（美国英语学会主办），他们让你说出你自己人生当中最看重的，然后再按照大家所说的几率排出中国人最看重的前十项，也就是中国人的价值观展示。
美国的传统价值观
Individual Freedom and Self-relianceThe one value that nearly every American would agree upon is individual freedom. it is the cornerstone of american values. americans view themselves as highly individualistic in their thoughts and actions. they hace been trained since very early in their lives to consider themselves as seperate individuals who are responsible for their own situations in life and their own destinies.outside observers often call this individualism, but many americans prfer the word freedom. by freedom, american mean the desire and the right of all individuals to control their own destiny without outside interference from the government, a noble class, the church or any other organized authority.individual freedom has been the most important value since the very beginning of the american history. the earliest settlers came to the north american continent to establish colonies which were free from the controls that existed in european societies. they wanted to escape the controls by kings and governments,priests and churches,noblemen and aristocrats. they succeeded in 1776 when the british colonial settlers declared their independence from england and established a new nation,the united states of america. in 1789, when they wrote the constitution for their new nations, they laid great emphasis on individual freedom. the declared that the power to goverment wouldlie in the hands of people.they separated church and state so that there would never be a government-supported church. this greatly limited the power of the church. also in writing the constitution they expressly forbade titles of nobility to ensure that an aristocratic society would not develop.Foreigners who understand the importance of individual freedom in america will find it easier to understand many aspects of american behaviors and thinking that otherwise might not make sense. for example ,the main purpose of the american family is to bring happiness to each individual family member. it allows children to disagree, even argue with their parents. while in some other cultures such action sould be a sign of disrespect and a lack of love.there is however a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. it means that people should take care of themselves, solve their own problems,and stand on their own feet. american achieve both financial and emotional independence from their parents usually by age of eighteen or twenty-one. most americans believe that they must be self-reliant in order to keep their freedom. when people are dependent, they risk loosing freedom,and they may also loose the respect of their peers.注解：追求自由，寻求个人独立根源就在于美国的发展史。
美国银行以社会责任为中心的企业文化
美国银行以社会责任为中心的企业文化企业文化是一个组织的灵魂，体现了公司的价值观、工作准则和行为规范。
在当今社会，社会责任已成为企业文化的重要组成部分。
美国银行（Bank of America）作为全球最大的银行之一，一直以来都致力于以社会责任为中心的企业文化，积极参与社会公益事业，推动社会进步与可持续发展。
一、社会责任的理念美国银行坚信，企业只有积极承担社会责任，才能在商业成功的同时创造更多价值。
该银行以社会责任为中心的企业文化理念，植根于其成立之初，将社会责任视作企业永恒的使命和价值追求。
二、支持教育事业作为一个企业公民，美国银行深知教育对于社会的重要性。
该银行通过各类教育项目和合作伙伴关系，致力于改善教育的质量和公平性。
例如，美国银行通过提供奖学金、赞助学校并推动STEM（科学、技术、工程和数学）教育，帮助年轻人发展技能，培养未来的领导者。
三、推动社区发展美国银行深信，社区的繁荣和企业的成功是相辅相成的。
该银行通过慈善捐赠、志愿者服务和社区投资等多种方式，致力于加强社区的发展。
它还与非营利组织合作，共同解决社区面临的挑战，促进社区内各界人士的合作和交流。
四、环境可持续发展美国银行坚定地认识到环境保护的重要性，并积极采取行动，实现可持续发展。
该银行致力于减少对环境的影响，通过推动能源效率、减少碳排放和促进循环经济等举措，为环保事业贡献力量。
美国银行也将可持续发展的理念融入到其日常运营中，通过提倡纸质less（少用纸）、电子化办公等方式，降低资源消耗和环境压力。
五、多元与包容作为一个全球性的金融机构，美国银行重视多样性和包容性。
该银行致力于为员工提供公平、包容的工作环境，推动性别平等和机会均等。
通过建立多元化的团队和倡导包容性文化，美国银行相信不同的观点和背景可以促进创新和商业上的成功。
结语美国银行以社会责任为中心的企业文化不仅塑造了其良好的企业形象，也为社会可持续发展作出了积极的贡献。
通过支持教育事业、推动社区发展、致力于环境保护和倡导多元与包容，美国银行树立了良好的榜样，影响和激励着其他企业践行社会责任，共同推动更加繁荣和可持续的未来。
山西省阳泉市第十一中学高一英语联考试卷含解析
山西省阳泉市第十一中学高一英语联考试卷含解析一、选择题1. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which___ will promote its economic development.A. in natureB. in returnC. in turnD. in fact参考答案：C2. I didn’t know the girl you the sheep.A．had fed B．had her fed C．had feed D．had to feed参考答案：C略3. I have got my baby ______recently, and I'm going to have Jenny ________it tomorrow.A. looked after; care aboutB. to take good care; care forC. taken good care of; care forD. looked after; taken good care of参考答案：C4. No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone ______ you wishing there were that high.A. getting rid ofB. getting along withC. looking up toD. looking down upon参考答案：C5. A famous football coach said that a__________ is everything.A altitudeB attitudeC alltitudeD atitude参考答案：B6. Faced with _________difficulties, we should keep up a good _________ of mind instead of giving up hope.A. /; stateB. the; conditionC. a: situationD. /; position参考答案：A7. The worker wrote down the weight of each stone and then _____ all the weights.A. added toB. added up toC. added inD. added up参考答案：D【详解】考查动词短语。
中职英语工科类职业模块第一单元要点归纳
第一单元要点归纳：1.Do you get along well with your co-workers? 你和你的同事相处得好吗？get along well with 在这里意思是“与…和睦相处”。
举例：Do you get along well with your boss? 你跟老板合得来吗？2.But I’m really fed up with Tony. 但是我真的很烦托尼。
be fed up with 在这里意思是“对…感到厌烦，受够了”。
举例：I’m fed up with this boring life. 我受够了这种枯燥的生活。
3.He always makes careless mistakes, and he’s a pain to work with. 他总是犯一些粗心的错误，和他共事实在难受。
work with 在这里意思是“与…共事，与…合作”。
举例：It was a great honor to work with him. 和他在一起工作很荣幸。
pain在这里不是“痛苦；苦痛”，而是“令人厌烦的人或物”。
举例：Bill is such a pain that no on likes him in the company. 比尔太让人厌烦了，公司里没人喜欢他。
4.Everybody has their strengths and weaknesses. 每个人都有他的优缺点。
strengths and weaknesses是固定的词组，在这里的意思是“优点与缺点；优势和劣势”。
举例：Before you go to look for a job, you should know your strengths and weaknesses. 在你找工作之前，要十分清楚自己的优缺点。
生词：technology技术technician 技术员（表示有技术的人）technical技术上的hardware 硬件soft软的software软件boss老板bossy专横的，喜欢发号施令的（“老板”的形容词）graduate from 从…毕业I graduated from this university. 我从这所大学毕业。
美国人的价值观中英文
摘自：英语泛读教程The following is part of an essay taken from Bradford Smith's book, Why We Behave Like Americans. Success as a goal and materialism, according to Smith, are among the underlying factors that make up the American character.以下节选自布拉德福德所着《为什么我们的举止象美国人》里的一篇文章。
据布拉德福德所说，目标为成功和物质享乐主义，构成美国人性格的内在因素。
When visitors from abroad undertake to describe the American Character, the results are frequently puzzling to Americans. "All Americans are Puritans; that's what's wrong with them," says one. "They're always thinking about enjoying themselves," says another. "They spend too much time at work," a distinguished visitor tells us. "They don't know how to play." "Americans don't know what work is, " retorts another." Their machines do it all." "American women are shameless sirens." － "No, they're prudes." "The children here are wonderful － outgoing and natural." －"Natural as little beasts. They have no manners, no respect for their elders." 要是让国外来客描述美国人的性格，结果常常令美国人感到奇怪。
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Values of American
From the English class about American values, I learned a great number of ideas and thoughts being useful for me and others in our country. There are 13 commonly held values included: personal control over the environment/responsibility, change seen as natural and positive, time and its control, equality/fairness, individualism/independence, self-help initiative, competition, future orientation, action/work orientation, informality, directness/openness, practicality/efficiency, materialism/acquisitiveness listed by Robert Kohls. I just write something about a few of them, which maybe should be used reference and learned, not all.
Americans do not like those believing in the power of fate and seen as being primitive, backward or hopelessly naive. In other words, those are people who are superstitious and lazy, unwilling to devote themselves to bringing about improvement. That is to say that they believe in the power of humans that can control over whatever in the environment might possibly affect them.
Americans place a very high value on changing the same as responsibility, with which they can do the best to achieve many outstanding accomplishments and practicality and
efficiency. Change is mightily associated with improvement, progress and growth. They do not want to be restricted by the older, more traditional cultures, for example, stability, continuity, ancient heritage-none of which is taken seriously in the United States. That is to say that they are future orientation.
Americans do not like those who goes to work so late and not get things done on time. In the company, as long as there is one employee being unreasonably late, he or she would be fired definitely. On time, saving time, planning time and cherishing time are all of utmost importance to most Americans. They are very good at making schedules in details and carrying them out in the planned time and in the smallest detail to improve efficiency and productivity.
Americans commonly believe in the belief that everyone is equal no matter what social status you or your parents are and how much money you have and how intelligent you are and how normal your body is or not. As long as you are a person, you have the right to obtain any opportunity to enjoy your life. For example, learn in one school and work in one company and so on. Americans respect you not in terms of your high position or your too much money. You should earn the respect by working hard.
Americans advocate individualism differing from the most of non-western countries. They assert that they are special and unique in any group in which they can freely express their own opinions anytime. Privacy, resulted from individualism, is regarded as positive, desirable and satisfying and even necessary. They do not like those who asks them their privacy and talk about their private things.
Americans achieve every success all by themselves. In other words, they move up the social ladder not with the help of their rich or high-ranking family.Born in an affluent or superordinate family is just identified as an accident of birth. Independence and self-help control are approved highly in the United States. They even pride themselves in being born in a poor family largely different from most other countries.
Americans are already very accustomed to the atmosphere of competition which leads to innovating resulting in high-quality product under the driven of challenges or forces. They do not like people who are very lazy and have a day aimlessly and do nothing. They routinely lead an active day in schedule. Do not stand there! Do something! Just do it! They are highly popular in
their mind.Leisure time is considered as a little part of total life.
These values are worth our using for reference, for instance, practical, diligent, positive, fair, independent, competitive, self-help initiative, time and its control, and so on. However, some of them should be used not directly in our cultural environment.。