考研英语长难句解析1
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析 形式主语

2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析形式主语Perhaps we know more about the world than we used to, and insofar as knowledge is prerequisite to understanding, that's all to the good. But knowledge is not as much a prerequisite to understanding as is commonly supposed.【翻译】也许比起过去,我们现在对世界知道得更多了,并且只要知道是理解的前提,那就没啥问题。
但是知道并不像人们通常想像的那样,真的就是理解的前提。
【语法分析】第一句是一个并列复合句。
首先,在大的层面上,它是一个并列句,用and连接起来。
其次,在小的层面上,第一个分句是一个主从复合句,Perhaps we know more about the world 是主句,than we used to是一个比较状语从句。
在这里used to表示“过去曾经”,后面省略了know.所以,这是一个并列复合句。
第二个分句也是主从复合句,that's all to the good是主句,意思是“那就是好的,没问题的”。
主句前面的句子是条件状语从句,insofar as就是in so far as, insofar 是一个介词短语,加上as后,意思是to the extent that,“到......的程度”,“在......的范围内”,我们可以把insofar as看成是一个连词,引导一个条件状语从句。
所以这句话的意思就是“在知道是理解的前提这个范围之内,上面那句话确实是对的。
”并列句与并列复合句的区别,就是并列句的两个分句都是简单句。
而并列复合句是至少有一个分句是主从复合句。
第二句是一个主从复合句。
as is commonly supposed是一个比较状语从句,用as ... as表示比较,前面是主句。
历年考研《英语》真题长难句解析

1. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parlia mentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.【译文】经过6个月争论和最后16个小时的国会激烈辩论,澳大利亚北部地区(澳北州政府)成为世界上第一个允许医生根据绝症病人个人意愿来结束其生命的合法当局。
【析句】句子的主体结构是Australia's Northern Territory becam e the first legal authority。
句首成分After six months of arguing an d final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates是作状语的介词词组,动词不定式to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patien ts who wish to die相当于定语从句which allows doctors to take th e lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die,修饰the first lega l authority。
【讲词】to take the life of sb和to take sb’s life意思是“结束某人的生命”。
A car bombing took the life of a 61-year-old man.(汽车炸弹夺去了一位61岁老头的生命。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含翻译p

考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含翻译1. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure , which today is an electonic infrastructure , the better off you’re going to be .结构:•The more foreign capital [主语] you have [定语] helping you build [谓语] your Third Wave infrastructure [宾语] ,•非限制性定语从句:which today [主语] is [谓语] an electronic infrastructure [宾语] ,•the better off you’re going to be [主+谓].单词:electronic a.电子的ad.电子地n.电子电路电子器件词组:the more...the more 越...越...better off a.更好的富裕的Be going to 将要打算直译:你拥有越多的外国资金来帮助你建设第三次基础设施建设浪潮,也就是今天得电子基础设施,你将变得更加富裕。
解析:•You have作定语修饰capital•Which 引导非限制性定语从句,修饰infrastructure译文:你拥有的帮助你建设第三次基础设施建设浪潮的外国资金越多,也就是今天得电子基础设施,你就会越富裕重点:•the more...the more 越...越...•better off a.更好的富裕的2. That doesn’t mean lying down and becoming fooled , or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled .结构:•That [主] doesn’t mean [谓] lying down and becoming fooled , or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled [宾].单词:corporation n.企业公司法人社团Run vt.经营管理运转词组:Lie down 躺下卑躬屈膝Mean doing sth 意味着做....直译:这并不意味着好吃懒做和变得愚蠢活着让外国企业的经营不受控制。
考研英语长难句真题解析

考研英语长难句真题解析?考研英语长难句真题解析(1)(2015年真题SectionⅡReading Comprehension Part A Text3第1段第2句)The policy follows similar efforts from other journals,after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.译文:此举效仿了多家其他杂志的做法;数据分析的基本错误正造成很多已发表的研究成果不可复制,此前人们普遍关注这个问题。
分析:本句的主干比较明显,即The policy follows similar efforts。
介词短语from other journals做状语。
介词短语after…findings做时间状语,其中还包含一个由that引导的同位,介词短语从句。
从句的主干为basic mistakes…are contributing to the irreproducibility…语in data analysis做basic mistakes的后置定语,介词短语of…findings做irreproducibility 的后置定语。
词汇指南mistake(n.)错误,过失(v.)误解,弄错(中考词汇)(mis-否定,take-拿、取→拿得不对、拿错了——即“误解,弄错”,引申为名词词义“错误,过失”。
)1个派生词:●unmistakable(adj.)明显的;错不了的(超纲词汇)(2005年-阅读4)(un-否定,mistake-错误,able-能够的→明显的;错不了的)?考研英语长难句真题解析(2)(2015年真题SectionⅡReading Comprehension Part A Text2第7段第3句)Orin Kerr,a law professor,compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the20th:The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personaldomain of the passenger car then;they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment appliesto digital information now.译文:法学教授奥林·克尔将21世纪数字信息爆炸和无障碍获取与20世纪汽车成为人们生活的日常所需进行对比:那时法官们不得不明确说明适用于轿车这个新型私人空间的新规定;他们现在必须解决《第四修正案》如何应用到数字信息上的问题。
历年考研英语真题长难句解析1

历年考研英语真题长难句解析1历年考研英语真题长难句解析11. Actually, it isn't, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.【译文】事实并非如此,因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同认识为根底的,而这种共同认识并不存在。
【析句】这是一个主从复合句,主语是it isn't,省略了表语,完好的说法是it isn't a useful, ground-clearing way to start. because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights是一个表示原因的状语从句,其表语an agreed account of human rights跟了一个定语从句which is something the world doesn't have。
注意状语从句中的主语it指代上文的the question,it assumes意思是“这种问题(问法)是假定的”。
【讲词】 account一词的正确理解是翻译的关键。
an agreed account of human rights意思是“an agreed understanding of human rights”。
agreed意为“一致的”。
This is the agreed price at which the stock will be traded.(这是股票交易的约定价格。
)They met at the agreed time.(他们按约定时间见面。
)2. Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.【译文】有些哲学家论证说,权利只存在在于社会契约中,是责任与权益相交换的一局部。
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析

考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析1. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary — the dangers of drug interactions,for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的,然而(我们) 并不清楚,如果顾客受到伤害时,这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语it,真正的主语是that引导的从句,而that从句之后是一个if引导的条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成,中间用and连接。
破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。
注意:many are required by state or federal regulations中的many是指many warnings。
2. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport .【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
考研英语长难句分析

1.This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise thanan intuitive one.词汇突破:cognitive 认知的〔后天习得的〕Intuitive 先天的与以上这组单词概念一样的表达还有:Nature先天;nurture后天;born ;先天的;made 后天的;innate天生的;Acquired后天习得;Determine 决定Coupled with 相当于and,想类似的表达还有along with ; combined with等。
主干识别:句子的主语是This success与later research ;谓语是led; 宾语是Ericsson; 不定式短语to conclude 做状语;主干构造是:this success and later research led Ericsson to conclude that …其他成分:在research后面接一个现在分词短语做后置定语,在这个现在分词短语中that引导的从句做showing 的宾语;在不定式短语中that引导的从句做conclude的宾语;more…than构造翻译为与其说,不如说。
微观解析:由于主语中的第二个并列成分比拟长,且是用两个逗号隔开的,在阅读的时候可以跳读;把This success与动词led先连起来然后再来解析其他成分。
译文赏析:这种成功与后来说明记忆本身并不是先天决定的研究使爱立信总结道,记忆的行为与其说是一种先天的行为不如说是一种习得的行为。
2.It is not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.词汇突破:visualize 想象Figure out 发现与找出Suits 使…适合主干识别:句子主语是由how引导的一个主语从句,it是句子的形式主语;句子主干为: How …is not obvious.在主语从句中主语是capacity,谓语是suits 宾语是one ;其他成分:状语为to answer…主语后加上两个动词不定式做后置定语;动词不定式中的宾语questions后面接一个that引导的定语从句。
考研英语典型长难句及解析

1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.结构分析:句子的主干是This will be particularly true…。
since引导原因状语从句。
此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句,修饰the high-energy American fashion。
在定语从句中,that做主语,makes做谓语,it做形式宾语,不定式短语to combine few farmers with high yields则是真正的宾语(不定式短语内部to combine是主干,few farmers是宾语,with high yields是状语),possible做宾语补足语。
this指代前句中提到的这种困境。
energy pinch 译为“能源的匮乏”;in…fashion译为“用…方法、方式”。
译文:这种困境将是确定无疑的,因为能源的匮乏,高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去,而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。
2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter,we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison.结构分析:句子的主干是we must be sure…。
考研英语长难句精析(全)

考研英语长难句精析第一部分长难句基本句型近几年,考研英语出现了很多难句。
并且这些难句主要是长难句。
长难句的形成主要通过以下四种方式:复合从句、成分省略、使用插入语和改变句序。
这四种方式往往可以相互结合,从而形成更长的难句。
虽然形成长难句之方法有四,但是目的却只有一个,就是打断和打乱考生正常的阅读习惯和思维习惯,从而达到考察考生阅读能力和翻译能力的目标。
下面分别对这四种方式一一解析。
一、复合从句在考研中,复合从句中的从句最常见的是定语从句。
复合从句可分为简单复合从句和复杂复合从句。
本文将分词作状语和定语也归入从句范畴,当作一种更为灵活的从句形式。
这种语法处理,并不是从语言学研究角度进行的,而是从教学角度出发做出的从简处理。
(一)简单复合从句简单复合从句可以分为套用从句和并列从句两种。
套用从句,其实是最简单的长难句。
这类句子就像一根锁链,只要抓住句子的各个连接点,理出句子层次,就完全可以把握住。
在翻译定语从句时,“这(些/个)”常用来作为拆分句子的必用手段。
阅读时,定语从句一般可以跳过,实在不放心可以略读。
一般情况下,考研基本上不会在这种从句中有出题点。
并列从句大致有四种情况:并列从句修饰主语、谓语和宾语。
也就是说并列从句一般作定语或状语。
其实,并列从句和并列短语在语法功能上完全相同,只不过并列从句一般较长,会使考生在阅读中渐忘句子结构。
并列从句修饰主语,就是说并列从句作状语。
这种句子很简单。
翻译时,可以直译,把从句作定语,直接放在主语前面。
如果从句很长,可以使用复指代词。
另外,翻译从句先行词时,要注意词性的转换,比如hope/ suggest之类的词有名动两种译法。
考生要切忌拘于词性。
并列从句修饰谓语就是说这些从句作状语。
一般情况下,这些从句都不完整,多为现在分词短语和过去分词短语。
事实上,现在分词短语和过去分词短语作状语或者定语,都可以看作是从句的一种更加灵活的表达方式。
并列从句修饰宾语。
宾语有两种,一种是单纯宾语,另一种是介宾结构中的准宾语。
考研英语真题长难句解析结构分析+译文全

考研英语真题长难句解析结构分析+译文In the end, credibility “happens”to a discovery claim —a process that corresponds to what philosopher Annette Baier has described as the commons of the mind.词汇突破:correspond [ˌkɒrəˈspɒnd]vi. 符合,一致;相应;通信结构分析:句子的主干是In the end, credibility “happens”to a discovery claim。
破折号后面的a process 作主句的同位语,that 引导的定语从句修饰a process,后面的what 引导的从句作动词corresponds to 的宾语,其中含有一个describe…as…“把……描述成……”的结构。
参考译文:最后,一个发现的可信度“发生了”——这个过程符合哲学家安妮特·拜尔所描述的“心灵的共性”。
In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work.词汇突破:idealized [aɪˈdɪəlaɪzd]adj. 理想化的v. 把…理想化;以理想的形式表现事物ideal [aɪˈdiːəl]adj. 理想的,最佳的;想象的,不切实际的n. 理想;典范,完美典型objective [əbˈdʒektɪv]n. 目的;目标;攻击目标;物镜;宾格adj. 客观的;客观存在的;目标的;宾格的objectivity [ˌɒbdʒekˈtɪvəti]n. 客观;客观性结构分析:句子的主干是facts are waiting to be observed and collected,about the world 作主语facts 的后置定语。
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句句精析

考研英语历年真题阅读长难句句精析————————————————————————————————作者:————————————————————————————————日期:ﻩ考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析1.While warningsare often appropriate and necessary —the dan gers of drug interactions,for example—and many are requiredby state or federal regulations,it isn't clear that they actuallyprotectthe manufacturersand sellers fromliabilityif a customer isinjured.【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的,然而(我们)并不清楚,如果顾客受到伤害时,这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中,it isn'tclear that theyactuallyprotect the manufacturersand sellers from liability if a customer is injured是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语it,真正的主语是that引导的从句,而that从句之后是一个if 引导的条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成,中间用and连接。
破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。
注意:manyarerequiredby state orfederal regulations中的many是指many warnings。
2.Additional social stresses may also occur becauseofthe population explosion orproblems arisingfrom massmigration movement s—themselves made relativelyeasy nowadays bymodern means of tr ansport.【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
考研英语必考长难句详解

考研英语必考长难句详解含译文1. Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves.public figure:command:aspire to:2. John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, seesthe triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsiblefor the decline of formal English.liberal:conservative:triumph:responsible for:decline:往下翻,对对答案~~~1. Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves.public figure:公众人物command:v. 掌握,控制aspire to:渴望译文:无论在演讲还是在写作上,美国人都不再期望公众人物在英语语言的使用上展现出技能和天赋;而公众人物自身也不渴求有这种语言驾驭能力。
2. John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, seesthe triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsiblefor the decline of formal English.liberal:adj. 自由的conservative:adj. 保守的triumph: n. 胜利responsible for:是…的原因decline:n. 衰退译文:John McWhorter不仅是语言学家,还是一位混杂着自由派和保守派观点的善辩者,他认为,20世纪60年代反文化运动的胜利是导致正式英语衰落的主要原因。
考研英语必考长难句详解含译文address

考研英语必考长难句详解含译文1. The threat of nationalisation may have been seen off for now, but it will return with a vengeance if the justified anger of passengers is not addressed in short order.(2021text 1 英语一)address熟义:僻义:2. Successive governments have permitted such increase on the grounds that the cost of investing in and running the rail network should borne by those who use it, rather than the general taxpayer.(2021 text 1 英语一)ground熟义:僻义:3. The government has pledged to change the law to introduce a minimum service requirement so that, evenwhen strikes occur, services can continue to operate.(2021text 1 英语一)introduce熟义:僻义:往下翻,对对答案~~~1. The threat of nationalisation may have been seen off for now, but it will return with a vengeance if the justified anger of passengers is not addressed in short order.(2021text 1 英语一)address熟义:n地址僻义:v设法解决,处理译文:国有化的威胁可能目前暂时解除,但若不及时处理乘客正当的愤怒情绪,它将会更加猛烈地卷土重来。
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析just as引导方式状从

2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析just as引导方式状从In fact, any book that can be read for understanding or information can probably be read for entertainment as well, just as a book that is capable of increasing our understanding can also be read purely for the information it contains. (This proposition cannot be reversed: it is not true that every book that can be read for entertainment can also be read for understanding.)【翻译】实际上任何一本为了理解或者是为了信息而阅读的书也都可以为了娱乐而阅读。
正如一本能够增进理解力的书也可以纯粹用来为它所包含的信息而阅读一样。
(这个命题是无法逆转的,也就是说,我们不能说,任何一本用来娱乐的书,也可以用来增进理解力。
)【语法分析】第一句是一个主从复合句。
它的主干是any book can be read for entertainment.that can be read for understanding or information是定语从句,修饰先行词book.as well的意思是“也”,表示追加,作状语。
它的用法可以参考系列文章的第(26)篇。
just as 引导的句子是方式状语从句,just as是连词,意思是“正如......”方式状语从句表示的是主句里的谓语动词表示的动作发出时的状态或方式。
再如: He treated her as if she were his sister(他对待她的样子,似乎她是他的妹妹。
英语长难句经典200句解析

考研英语长难句经典200 句解析1.Tight-lipped elders used to say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”结构分析:本句的主干是elders used to say…。
直接引语中是主系表结构, 注意not…but 结构。
参考译文:出言谨慎的长辈们过去常说,“问题不是你在这个世界上想要什么,而是你能得到什么。
”2.You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living.结构分析:这句话是and 连接的两个并列句。
在第一个分句中,as 是连词,引导比较状语从句,把a mental blueprint of a desire 和a blueprint of a house 相比较。
第二个分句中的主干结构是:each of us is…making blueprints…。
第二个分句中用一般进行时表示经常发生的事情。
这样的结构常常用来表达经常发生的令人不快的、令人讨厌的事情。
参考译文:你可以在脑子里为你的愿望画一幅蓝图,就象给房子画蓝图那样。
实际上,在日常生活中,我们每一个人都在不断地描绘着这些蓝图。
3 .While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.结构分析:and 连接两个并列句。
2024年考研英语一长难句解析与答案详解

2024年考研英语一长难句解析与答案详解2024年考研英语I长难句解析与答案详解学术界对于长难句的定义多种多样。
简单来说,长难句是指句子结构复杂,由多个分句组成,或者包含很多修饰成分的句子。
在英语考研中,长难句是阅读理解中常见的一种题型,考察考生对于句子结构的理解和分析能力。
为了帮助考生更好地应对2024年考研英语I中的长难句题目,本文将对常见的长难句结构进行解析,并给出详细的答案解释。
1. 并列句并列句是由两个或多个具有相同地位的分句并列连接而成的句子。
常见的并列连词有and,or,but等。
在阅读理解中,经常会出现因果关系的并列句。
考例:John couldn't find his passport, so he missed his flight.解析:该句是一个简单的因果并列句,由两个独立的句子构成。
第一个分句是John couldn't find his passport,第二个分句是so he missed his flight。
两个分句之间通过并列连词so连接,表示因果关系。
所以,正确答案为John misses his flight because he can't find his passport.2. 定语从句定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
在阅读理解中,常常会出现限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
考例:The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.解析:该句是一个限制性定语从句,修饰名词the book。
定语从句中的which引导的从句修饰先行词the book,在从句中充当主语。
所以,正确答案为I borrowed the book from the library.3. 状语从句状语从句是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的从句。
在阅读理解中,常常会出现时间状语从句、条件状语从句和原因状语从句等。
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析-精选.pdf

考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析1. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary — the dangers of drug interactions,for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,itisn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liabilityif a customer is injured.【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的,然而(我们) 并不清楚,如果顾客受到伤害时,这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中,it isn't clear that they actually protect themanufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语it,真正的主语是that引导的从句,而that从句之后是一个if引导的条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成,中间用and连接。
破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings 的内容。
注意:many are required by state or federal regulations中的many是指many warnings。
2. Additional social stresses may a lso occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made r elatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport .【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
考研英语阅读长难句精析

考研英语阅读长难句精析Passage 1一、A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing.【解析】1、全句主干:A man said that the thing is to do nothing. 其中,that引导的从句作said的宾语;2、necessary for …(…所需要的)。
necessary for the triumph of evil (邪恶的胜利所需要的,邪恶获胜所需要的),这是个形容词短语,在句中作thing 的后置定语。
3、for good men (对好人来说),这个介宾短语作that从句的状语,放到从句主语之前翻译。
【翻译】直译:一个智者曾经说过,对好人来说,邪恶的胜利所需要的唯一一个东西是(好人)什么都不做。
意译:一个智者曾经说过,坏事得逞所需要的唯一一个条件,就是坏事发生时好人袖手旁观。
二、Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, it’s the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didn’t teach him to read, by the church that failed to reach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didn’t provide a stable home.【解析】1、consider A B = consider A as B = consider A to be B 把A 看做、当做B (省略as或to be的第一个短语更常用,要格外重视)。
考研英语必考长难句详解含译文exchange

考研英语必考长难句详解含译文1. So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchangeto hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber.in exchange for:be reluctant to:2. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.presence:induce:3. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions.emotion:来对答案了~~~1. So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchangefor her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber.in exchange for:作为…的交换be reluctant to:不情愿做hand over: 上交,交出译文:所以当一只猴子用一个代币换到一颗葡萄时,第二只猴子就不愿意用自己的代币只换取一片黄瓜了。
2. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enoughto induce resentment in a female capuchin.presence:n出席,到场,存在induce: v 引诱;引起,导致译文:事实上,只要在另一个房间出现了葡萄(根本没有猴子吃它),就足以引起雌性卷尾猴的愤恨了。
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析where从句

2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析where从句Successful communication occurs in any case where what the writer wanted to have received finds its way into the reader's possession. The writer's skill and the reader's skill converge upon a common end.【翻译】成功的沟通会在这样的情况下出现,即当作者希望将来某时已经接收了的信息,确实进入了读者的内心,为读者所拥有。
作者的技能和读者的技能在同一个目的上交汇在一起了。
【语法分析】第一句是一个主从复合句。
主句是where之前的部分。
从句是where 引导的定语从句,修饰前面的名词case.大家要注意where引导的从句并不一定是状语,这主要取决于把它放在什么位置上。
如果是单独存在,它就是一个状语,例如,Where there's a will, there's a way.有志者事竟成。
如果跟在一个名词后面,像这一句,在名词case的后面,它就是定语。
当它出现在系动词后面时,where从句又成了表语,例如,This is where the twin tower used to be.这是双子塔曾经的所在地。
如果把它放在谓语动词之前,它可能就是主语从句,例如,Where he is isn't known yet.他在哪儿现在还不清楚。
好,接着再看,在where从句里又出现了一个主语从句,what the writer wanted to have received.主语从句就是当一个句子放在主语的位置上,作主语的时候,这个句子就叫主语从句。
要注意,主语从句作主语时,是被看作一个单数名词来对待的,所以如果是一般现在时,谓语要用单三来表示,加s.本句的谓语动词find就加了s.在主语从句中wanted to have received里,wanted后面跟的是不定式的现在完成时,表示将来完成时,即当时希望的、将来某个时刻已经接收到的信息,这是比较复杂的时态。
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每日打卡| 考研英语长难句精析
This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading-between passive consumption and active creation-whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.
结构解析
本句的主干为This is because...。
Because引导了一个表语从句,该从句的主干为the networked computer has sparked a secret war,其后的介词短语between downloading and uploading作状语,破折号之间的内容为插入语成分,对前面的介词短语between...进行补充说明;whose引导了一个定语从句修饰a secret war,同时该从句中还嵌套着一个省略了引导词的定语从句we can only begin to imagine修饰ways。
2
参考译文
这是因为联网的电脑引发了一场关于下载与上传--也就是关于被动的消费和积极的创造--之间的一场暗战。
这场战争的结果会影响我们共同的未来,而其影响的方式我们只能依靠想象。
3
词汇指南
spark[spɑːk]v.引发,触发;鼓舞
passive[ˈpæsɪv]adj. 消极的,被动的
consumption[kənˈsʌmpʃn]n. 消耗,消耗量;消费
outcome[ˈaʊtkʌm]n. 结果,效果。