翻译作业(翻译的灵活性、多样性)

1.Topics for group discussion:

1)Why is it important to take into account the context before we put pen to

paper in translation? Examples.

首先，把一种语言翻译成另一种语言，这两种语言在文化背景和语法结

构上肯定会存在着差异，因此我们必须根据具体的上下文才能进行灵活

的处理，例如：全客厅顿然见得一团和气了。（鲁迅：《离婚》）译成

complete harmony prevailed in the hall.“一团和气”原意是只求和睦相处，不讲原则，含贬义，而句中是指气氛融洽，感情色彩属中性，于是译成

complete harmony，可见翻译时联系上下文非常重要。

2)Your comments on Flexibility (p.23) and Diversity (p.25) in translation.

翻译中的灵活性和多样性都非常重要。首先，翻译中的灵活性需要我们

根据具体的上下文对句子进行灵活翻译，既要保持原句的意思又要让翻

译出来的句子能让人读懂。翻译中的多样性是指用丰富多彩而又贴切得

当的语言形式，把反复出现而又意思不变的句子、词组、成语、词语译

得生动活泼，这其实也需要我们联系具体的上下文才能灵活地进行多样

性翻译。

3)How do you understand President Xi’s “打铁还需自身硬” in his remarks “打

铁还需自身硬啊，我们的责任就是同全党同志一道，坚持党要管党、从

严治党，切实解决自身存在的突出问题，切实改进工作作风，密切联系

群众，使我们党始终成为中国特色社会主义事业的坚强领导核心。”?

答：“打铁还需自身硬”本意是指要做成一件事还需要自己有条件，在这句话里意思是强调党的自身建设非常重要，这句话可以译“To be a blacksmith, you need to be tough yourself.”

2.Translate into Chinese:

College training shows a man how to accommodate himself to others, how to throw himself into their state of mind, how to bring before them his own, how to influence them, how to come to an understanding with them, how to bear with them. He is at home in any society, he has common ground with every class; he knows when to speak and when to be silent; he is able to converse, he is able to listen; he can ask a question, and gain a lesson seasonably, when he has nothing to impart himself; he is ever ready, yet never in the way; he is a pleasant companion, and a comrade you can depend upon; he knows when to be serious and when to trifle, and he has a sure tact which enables him to trifle with gracefulness and to be serious with effect 大学教育教会人们如何与人相处，如何为他人着想，如何表达自己的想法，如何影响他人，如何相互理解、相互宽容。他在任何场合都能淡然处之，他和每个阶层都有共同之处；他知道什么时候应该讲话，什么时候应该沉默；他擅长交谈，又善于倾听；当他没什么可说的时候，他会及时提问，适时学习；他时刻准备着，但又不会妨碍他人；他是一个令人愉快的同伴，也是可以依靠的同事；他知道什么时候应该严肃，什么时候可以放松；他非常机智，放松时不失优雅，严肃时不失威严。

3．Translate into English：

当代的中国妇女还是希望找到比自己更有能力职位更高的老公；中国男人择偶的标准仍然是美丽大方、温柔体贴、小鸟依人和善于持家。因此，有的人就很难找到终身伴侣。中国有一句俗语：好男易娶，好女愁嫁。中国有一些坚强独立的女性更重视事业，保持独身。

Chinese women today still hope to look for a husband who is more capable and has a higher position than themselves. Chinese men still hope to choose wives who are basis of beauty, gentleness, considerate, femininity and domestic capability. Therefore, some people have trouble finding a life partner. A Chinese saying goes like this, “Good men always get married, while good women always remain single.” Some independent women in China pay more attention to their career and keep single.