2019届中考英语总复习第3部分中考题型攻略篇题型4阅读选择(精讲)练习

题型四阅读选择

题型特点

近几年来宜宾市的英语中考阅读选择都包含A、B、C、D四个篇章。A篇通常为广告通知等,并常以表格形式出现,较简单；B篇通常为故事性文章,较简单；C、D篇通常为科学技术或社会文化类文章,难度增加。阅读篇章题材多样化,体裁形式也很丰富,这就需要学生在平时对各方面的知识都要有所积累。中考阅读选择题主要考查学生的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意,获取其中的主要信息,能作出正确判断,然后根据试题的要求从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

解题策略

一、解题步骤

1.先读问题,弄清考查要点,以便带着问题看文章,这样会心中有数,有的放矢。

2.快速浏览全文,掌握全貌,注意发现与问题有关的信息,如果时间紧,至少要扫视一下首段和尾段,再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想,这样全文大意便清楚了。此时,不要忙于答题。

3.细读原文,捕捉相关信息词,掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键,应特别注意以下几点：

(1)抓住四个“W”和一个“H”,边读边用铅笔做标记,把What(事件),When(时间),Where(地点),Why(原因),How(经过)画出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”,就抓住了文章的全貌,一些直接性的问题便可解决。

(2)抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果、让步、递进、转折、指代、列举及承上启下等连接上下文的特殊功能。这对学生分清文章层次,辨明各种关系,了解人物心理,推断作者意图,进行逻辑推理,都具有举足轻重的作用。

(3)注意领会文章的寓意。

4.根据题意,初选答案。这一步须仔细审题,领会测试要求,确定解题方法。对那些明显的,有把握的题可以断然确定,不必把其余三个答案再作推敲；有些略难的题,应再查阅短文(不是重读一遍),迅速找出依据,予以排除。

5.重读原文,仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后,如果时间允许,再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题,研究其内在联系和逻辑关系,目的在于对所做答案进一步审查,推出未解答的题,以便减少失误。

二、解题技巧

阅读选择常见的几种考查题型：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题。针对不同题型有不同的解题技巧：

1.细节理解题

一般情况下在原文中能直接找到对应的答案。涉及的内容,如时间、地点、人物、数字、原因、结果等,多数情况下根据关键词就可以快速而准确地找出答案。这一类细节理解题往往会有很模糊的干扰项,但稍加辨认、甄别、分析,就能准确判定答案。

2.推理判断题

推理判断题要求根据阅读材料中所提供的信息,推断出未知的信息。推理不是凭空猜测,而是在已知信息的基础上对未知的内容作出推断。

3.词义猜测题

中考的词义猜测题,一般都是针对上下文语境设计单词,猜测词义。因此通过上下文之间的逻辑关系猜词是解决这种问题的最佳方法。

4.主旨大意题

主旨大意题要求学生在理解全文大意的基础上,对短文作出总结性或概括性的评价。主题句一般位于段首或段尾。主题句的显著特点是：所表达的意思具有明显的概括性；句子结构简单精炼。

A

LIBRARY LECTURE SERIES

The topic is “How to find the job you really want”.

and g

ROCK CONCERT IN UNIVERSITY PARK

Do you want to listen to some great music

are going to play in University Park.

：00 to midnight.

CRAFT FAIR

Need to buy a present for your mother,sister or brother to a craft fair in front of City Hall on Sunday from 9 a.m.to 5

( )1.If you want to travel but don't have enough money,you can ________.

A.visit museums

B.see movies

C.go to concerts

D.go to the fair

( )2.The library lecture is about ________.

A.food

B.jobs

C.paintings

D.jewelry

( )3.We can listen to some great music in University Park on________.

A.Friday evening

B.Sunday morning

C.Saturday evening

D.Friday morning

( )4.Which of the following is TRUE accordi ng to the passage?

A.The movies are about seven countries.

B.The lecture lasts three hours.

C.There are five student bands at the concert.

D.The craft fair is held on Friday.

【文章大意】这是一篇应用文,主要介绍了四则广告通知。

1.【解析】细节理解题。从题干得知关键词“don't have enough money”,由第一个方框中“If yo u want to travel but don't have enough money…”可得出答案。

【答案】B

2.【解析】细节理解题。从题干得知关键词“library lecture”,答案应在第二个方框找,第二段最后两个单词为答案。

【答案】B

3.【解析】细节理解题。从题干得知关键词“in University Park”,则需在第三个方框寻找答案。答案在第二段。

【答案】C

4.【解析】细节理解题。四道题分别对应四则广告,要解答此题,需在各题对应的方框中找出答案。只有C选项与原文对应。

【答案】C

B(2018宜宾中考)

Wang Fuman is a 10­year­old student.He is now studying in Zhuanshanbao Primary School in Zhaotong,Yunnan Province.On Monday morning(January 8,2018),he braved －9℃ weather to travel over an hour to reach his school.

When he arrived,his hair and eyebrows had been completely frozen with snowflake(雪花).This made his 16 classmates laugh a lot.Fu Heng,Wang's teacher,saw this and took a picture.He uploaded(上传) Wang's picture.The picture soon has got much attention to children from poor families in the countryside.Wang,who has been nicknamed “Snowflake Boy” by netizens,became famous online overnight.By Wednesday morning,his picture had been “liked”more than 260,000 times on Sina Weibo and shared more than 40,000 times.

After hearing Wang's story,the Yunnan China Youth Development Foundation held a public donation(捐赠) activity for children from poor families.The Foundation has promised to give each $75) to help them stay warm in winter.

By 1 pm on Wednesday,the Foundation had collected about 300,000 yuan in public donations,according to their website.Wang's village now has el ectricity and tap water,“…and my family is getting help to build a new house close to the school”,Wang said,“I think our life will get better.”

( )1.What was the weather like on Monday morning?

A.Snowy and cold.

B.Rainy and cold.

C.Snowy but warm.

D.Rainy but warm.

( )2.Why did the classmates laugh when Wang entered the classroom?