第二章习题答案
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第二章作业
1. 已知煤的空气干燥基成分:C ad =60.5% ,H ad =4.2%,S ad =0.8%,A ad =25.5%,M ad =
2.1%和风干水分=
3.5%,试计算上述各种成分的收到基含量。 (C ar =58.38%,H ar =
4.05%,S ar =0.77%,A ar =24.61%,M ar =
5.53%)
解:100100 3.5
3.5 2.1 5.53%100100
f
f
ar ar ar
ad
M M M M --=+=+⨯= 100100 5.53
0.965100100 2.1
ar ad M K M --=
==--
0.96560.558.38%ar ad C KC ==⨯= 0.965 4.2 4.05%ar ad H KH ==⨯= 0.9650.80.77%ar ad S KS ==⨯= 0.96525.524.61%ar ad A KA ==⨯=
2, 已知煤的空气干燥基成分:C ad =68.6%,H ad =3.66%,S ad =4.84%,O ad =3.22%,
N ad =0.83%,A ad =17.35%,M ad =1.5%,V ad =8.75%,空气干燥基发热量Q net,ad =27528kJ/kg 和收到基水分M ar =2.67%,煤的焦渣特性为3类,求煤的收到基其他成分,干燥无灰基挥发物及收到基低位发热量,并用门捷列夫经验公式进行校核。
(Car=67.79%,Har=3.62%,Sar=4.78%,Oar=3.18%,Nar=0.82%,Aar=17.14%,Vdaf=10.78%,Qnet ,ar=27172kJ/kg;按门捷列夫经验公式Qnet,ar=26825kJ/kg) 解:从空气干燥基转换为收到基的换算系数100100 2.67
0.9881100100 1.5
ar ad M K M --=
==--
0.988168.667.79%ar ad C KC ==⨯= 0.9881 3.66 3.62%ar ad H KH ==⨯= 0.9881 4.84 4.78%ar ad S KS ==⨯= 0.9881 3.22 3.18%ar ad O KO ==⨯= 0.98810.830.82%ar ad N KN ==⨯= 0.988117.3517.14%ar ad A KA ==⨯=
从空气干燥基转换为干燥无灰基的换算系数
100100
1.2323100100 1.517.35ad ad K M A ===---- 1.23238.7510.78%daf ad V KV ==⨯=
,,100100 2.67
(25)25(2752825 1.5)25 2.6727172/100100 1.5
ar net ar net ad ad ar ad M Q Q M M kJ kg M --=+⨯
-=+⨯⨯-⨯=--
门捷列夫公式
,3391030109()2533967.791030 3.62109(3.18 4.78)25 2.6726817.06/net ar ar ar ar ar ar Q C H O S M kJ kg =+---=⨯+⨯-⨯--⨯=
4,某工厂贮存有收到基水分M ar1=11.34%及收到基低位发热量Q net,ar1=20097kJ/kg 的煤100t ,由于存放时间较长,收到基水分减少到M ar2=7.18%,问这100t 煤的质量变为多少?煤的收到基低位发热量将变为多大?
解:设减少的水分为x (t ),10011.34%0.0718100x
x
⨯-=-,所以x=4.48t ,
100t 煤变为100-4.48=95.52t , 由收到基转为干燥基:
1111,,100100
(25)(200972511.34)22987/10010011.34net d net ar ar ar Q Q M kJ kg M =+⨯=+⨯⨯=--
由干燥基转为收到基:
2212,,1001007.18
2522987257.1821157/100100
ar net ar net d ar M Q Q M kJ kg --=⨯-=⨯-⨯=
7,一台4t/h 的链条炉,运行中用奥氏烟气分析仪测得炉膛出口处RO 2=13.8%, O 2=5.9%,CO=0;省煤器出口处RO 2=10.0%,O 2=9.8%,CO=0。如燃料特性系数β=0.1,试校核烟气分析结果是否准确?炉膛和省煤器出口处的过量空气系数及这一段烟道的漏风系数有多大?
(该题计算中学生很多用简化公式计算!2
21
21l O α=-)
解:因为CO=0,所以炉膛出口处222121 5.9
13.7%110.1
O RO β--=
==++,省煤器出口处2221219.810.2%110.1
O RO β--===++,分析准确。
炉膛出口处:"
22211 1.385.9
1 3.761 3.76
100(13.8 5.9)100()
l O RO O α=
==---+-+ 省煤器出口处:"
22211 1.859.8
1 3.761 3.76
100(109.8)100()
O RO O α=
==---+-+ 漏风系数:""
1.85 1.380.47l ααα∆=-=-=
8、SZL10-1.3-W Ⅱ型锅炉所用燃料成分为59.6%ar C =, 2.0%ar H =,
0.5%ar S =,0.8%ar O =,0.8%ar N =,26.3%ar A =,10.0%ar M =,
8.2%daf V =,,22190/net ar Q kJ kg =。求燃料的理论空气量0K V 、理论烟气量0y V 以及在过
量空气系数分别为1.45和1.55时的实际烟气量y V ,并计算 1.45α=时
300℃及400℃烟气的焓和 1.55α=时200℃及400℃烟气的焓。
解:
031159.60.520.8
(1.8660.7 5.550.7)(1.8660.7 5.550.7) 5.81/0.211001*********.21100100100100
ar ar ar ar K C S H O V m kg =
++-=++-=