中国与西方的教育对比【英文】

1905年之后： 自从1905年废除科举制度， 中国的教育迅速背离了孔孟思想，远离了文学和 哲学。尤其是1949年以后，为了赶上世界其他国 家，中国教育极度倾向于数理化教学，“学好数 理化，走遍天下都不怕”的思想盛行至今。
人文知识和自然科学的对抗
Impact of the two
• • • • • • • High value on education Highly motivated students Very high level of Maths and Science* High emphasis on memorization Great respect for the teacher Students pay great attention to exams Meritocratic
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
The Chinese are kicking our butt in everything. If this was in China do you think the Chinese would have called off the game? People would have been marching down to the stadium. They would have walked and they would have been doing calculus on the way down…
China's Four Great Inventions
‘We sought to rule this great country not by force, but by wisdom’
• • • • • The civil examination Placed emphasis on rule by learned people Highly competitive Familiarity with the Four books and Five classics Instilled self motivation and a willingness to eat bitterness • Success was meritocratic, dependent purely on the exam
中西方教育理念的异同
Educational Philosophy
When an NFL game was rescheduled due to the weather forecast predicting a blizzard this what the Governor of Pennsylvania, Ed Rendell, had to say …
有一次美国橄榄球联赛因为天气预报有 暴风而需要改期，宾夕法尼亚州的一个官员， Ed Rendell , 无奈地说： 中国总有一些东西让我们美国相形 见绌。如果是在中国的话，赛事会取消 吗？他们会排队走入体育场，会一边走 一边做微积分的题目……（踏实、做得 好、不抱怨、理科好）
一群美国的政 客和学者非常焦虑 美国教育的现状和 发展方向。他们相 信中国、韩国以及 芬兰等北欧国家的 教育要比美国好， 他们甚至建议美国 的教育应该模仿上 海的教育。
• After 1905 the Confucian classics were largely rejected • From 1949 onwards China‟s attempt to modernise meant emphasis was placed on Maths and Science in the curriculum
Impact of the two 利弊分析
• • • • • • • 高度重视教育 学生学习自觉性高 高水平的数理化生成绩 对记忆力的高度重视 老师被高度尊重的现象 学生对考试成绩的重视 精英教育
Impact of the two
• High value on education – but what kind of education? • Highly motivated students - but is this intrinsic or extrinsic? • Very high level of Maths and Science – but at the expense of humanities? • High emphasis on memorisation – but rote learning reduces creativity • Great respect for the teacher – but also a heavy reliance • Meritocratic – Is this part of the reason people go abroad?
Impact of the two 利弊分析
• • • • • • 重视的是哪种教育 这种自觉性是源于内在的还是外在的呢？ 牺牲了人文学科知识 死记硬背抹杀了孩子的创造力 高度依赖老师 精英教育是否是出国的原因之一
Central tenets of Western education
• Practical learning and the meaningful application of knowledge • The Teacher as a facilitator • The importance of creativity • The development of critical thinking • Independent learners motivated by love of learning • Developing confidence and individual differences • The importance of co-curricular activities
‘我们是靠智慧，而非武力来管理这个大国的。
• • • • • • 科举考试 崇拜先贤 激烈的竞争 熟读四书五经 吃苦耐劳的自我学习，信奉苦尽甘来 考试决定一切
The development of Language 语言的发展
China 中 国 England 英 国
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Arts versus Science