翻译课第三次作业

第三次翻译作业

1100300622 邓凯旋

A central principle of a just society is that every person has an equal right to “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness”. The essential basis on which community is built requires each citizen to honor the rightful dimes of others. The preciousness of life in a moral community must be so highly honored that those who do not honor the life of others make null and void their own right to membership. These who violate the personhood of others, especially if this is done persistently as a habit, must pay the ultimate penalty. This punishment must be inflicted for the sake of maintaining the community whose foundation has been violated. We can debate whether some non-lethal alternative is a fitting substitute for the death penalty. But the standard of judgment is whether the punishment fits the dime and sufficiently honors the nature of moral community.

一个公正的社会的核心原则是每个人都有平等的权利：“生命，自由和对幸福的追求”。这种社会的建立要基于要求每个成员都尊敬其他成员的合理的权利。这种在这样一个珍贵的社会中的生活必须得到高度的尊敬。而那些不尊敬其他成员的人会被清除并取消成员资格。那些侵犯他人人格的人，尤其是像习惯一样固执得做，必须得到极大的处罚。这些处罚必须以维护团体中基本权利受到侵犯的人为目的而实施。我们可以讨论是否用一些合适的不致死的处罚来替代处死。但是调整的标准是处罚是否符合公正并且足够尊敬道德社会的本质。

By contrast, Agape, or Christian love, is unconditional. It does not depend on the worthiness or merit of those to whom it is directed. It is persistent in seeking the good of others regardless of whether they return the favor or even deserve to be treated well on the basis of their own incessant wrongdoing. An ideal community would be made up of free and equal citizens devoted to a balance between individual self-fulfillment and the advancement of the common good. Communal life would be based on mutual love in which equality of giving and receiving was the norm of social practice.

通过对比，基督教徒间的友情，或基督教的爱是无条件的。它不依赖于它们对于某人有价值或有优点。那是执着得寻找他人的优点不管他们是否回馈他们的爱，不管他们自己不断地做坏事而是否值得被好好对待。一个理想的团队应由这样平等自有的成员组成，他们献身于维系实现自我并是团队利益进步的平衡中去。那些基于公正的付出与收获集体爱心的公共生活是社会实践的基准。

What would a community based on this kind of love do with those who committed brutal acts of terror, violence, and murder? Put negatively, it would not live by the philosophy of “an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, and a life for a life.” It would act to safeguard the members of the community from further destruction. Those who had shown no respect for life would be restrained, permanently if necessary, so that they could not further endanger other members of the community. It would show mercy even to those who had shown no mercy. It would return good for

evil. The aim of isolation is reconciliation and not revenge. Agape never gives up. It is over hopeful that even the worse among us can be redeemed so that their own potential contribution to others can be realized.

那一个基于这种爱的社会会如何对待那些做出恐怖、暴力，谋杀的残忍行为的人呢？推开消极因素，我们不应以一种“以眼还眼，以牙还牙，以一生换一生”的心理生活。它起到保护社会成员免受进一步损害的作用。那些显露出对生命不敬的人应得到，如果必要的话永久的抑制，那样他们就不会进一步危及团队里其他的人了。应当对那些不仁爱的人仁爱。应