中考英语完形填空-说明文(含答案和解析)04

中考英语完形填空
说明文04
1.（2020·舟山模拟）阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

We all think eating fruits means just buying fruits, cutting them and putting them into our 1 . It's not as easy as you think. It's important to know 2 and when to eat.
Fruit should be eaten on an empty stomach. If you eat fruit like that, it will go straight 3 the stomach into the Intestines（肠道）. It will be good to your health and provide you with plenty of 4 for life activities. Fruit is the most important 5 .
But when you eat two pieces of bread and then some fruit, it is 6 from doing so. Do you know the reason?
You have probably heard people saying –every time I eat watermelon I burp（打嗝）, when I eat a banana I feel like 7 to the toilet. When the fruit 8 with other food, it produces gas（气体）. That's why you will feel uncomfortable. Actually, we will not 9 if you eat the fruit on an empty stomach.
Eating a whole fruit is better than drinking the juice. When you 10 want to drink fruit juice, drink only 11 fruit juice, NOT from the bottles or cans. Don't drink juice that has been 12 up. Don't eat cooked fruits because you don't get the nutrients（营养成分）at all. You only get the 13 .
If you have mastered the 14 way of eating fruits, you have the 15 of beauty, health, energy, happiness and a long life. Dark circles under the eyes will not appear.
1. A. tables B. plates C. mouths D. boxes
2. A. how B. what C. where D. who
3. A. past B. between C. among D. through
4. A. experience B. energy C. pleasure D. spirit
5. A. course B. discover C. food D. direction
6. A. prevented B. protected C. prepared D. practiced
7. A. returning B. running C. relaxing D. staying
8. A. fixes B. fills C. mixes D. joins
9. A. check B. spread C. arrive D. happen
10. A. totally B. hardly C. clearly D. really
11. A. expensive B. colorful C. fresh D. medium
12. A. burned B. heated C. set D. kept
13. A. taste B. weight C. shape D. sugar
14. A. successful B. correct C. opposite D. special
15. A. request B. secret C. style D. point
【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）D；（4）B；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）C；（9）A；（10）D；（11）C；（12）B；（13）A；（14）B；（15）B；
【解析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了怎样和什么时候吃水果是最好的选择。

（1）句意：我们都认为吃水果就意味着买水果，把它们切好，然后放进我们的嘴巴里。

A.桌子；B.盘子；C.嘴巴；D.盒子。

根据eating fruits means 可知，吃水果应该是放进嘴里，故选C。

（2）句意：知道怎样和什么时候吃是重要的。

A.怎样；B.所……的；C.哪里；
D.谁。

根据后文所述可知，此处指的是怎样吃水果，故选A。

（3）句意：它会直接穿过胃进入肠道A.经过；B.在……两者之间；C.在……之间，三者或者三者以上；D.穿过。

此处指从胃这个空间穿过，应该用through，故选D。

（4）句意：这将对你的健康有好处，并为你的生活活动提供充足的精力。

A.经历；B.精力；C.高兴；D.精神。

根据 for life activities 可知，此处指的是精力，故选B。

（5）句意：水果是最重要的食物。

A.课程；B.发现；C.食物；D.方向。

根据常识和所给选项可知，水果属于食物，其他不符合，故选C。

（6）句意：它被阻止这样做。

A.阻止；B.保护；C.准备；D.练习。

根据前文Fruit should be eaten on an empty stomach. … It will be good to your health 水果应该空腹吃。

……这对你的健康有好处。

和此处是转折but可知，此处指的是被阻止这样做，故选A。

（7）句意：当我吃一根香蕉的时候，我想跑去厕所。

A.返回；B.跑；C.放松；
D.呆。

run to跑去，根据后句That's why you will feel uncomfortable. 这就是为什么你会觉得不舒服。

可知，此处指的是跑去厕所，故选B。

（8）句意：当水果和其他食物相混合的时候，它会产生气体。

A.修理；B.填满；C.混合；D.加入。

根据前文But when you eat two pieces of bread and then some fruit 但是当你吃两片面包和一些水果时。

可知，此处指的是混合，故选C。

（9）句意：实际上，我们不会检查你是否空腹吃水果。

A.检查；B.传播；C.到达；D.发生。

根据后面的宾语从句 if you eat the fruit on an empty stomach. 可知，此处指的是检查，故选A。

（10）句意：当你想真喝果汁时，只喝新鲜果汁，不是从瓶子或罐子里。

A.完全地；B.几乎不；C.清楚地；D.真地。

根据drink only 11 fruit juice, NOT from the bottles or cans. 可知，此处指的是真地，故选D。

（11）句意：当你想真喝果汁时，只喝新鲜果汁，不是从瓶子或罐子里。

A.昂贵的；B.多彩的；C.新鲜的；D.中等的。

根据NOT from the bottles or cans. 可知，此处指的是喝新鲜果汁，故选C。

（12）句意：不要喝加热过的果汁。

A.燃烧；B.加热；C.设置；D.保持。

heat up加热，固定短语；根据常识可知，此处指的是不要喝加热过的果汁。

故选B。

（13）句意：你只能得到味道。

A.味道；B.重量；C.形状；D.糖。

根据前句Don't eat cooked fruits because you don't get the nutrients（营养成分）at all. 不要吃煮熟的水果，因为你根本得不到营养。

可知，此处指的是只能得到味道，故选A。

（14）句意：如果你掌握了吃水果的正确方法，A.成功的；B.正确的；C.相反的；D.特别的。

根据后句 you have the 15 of beauty, health, energy, happiness and a long life. 你拥有美丽、健康、精力、幸福和长寿的秘诀。

可知，此处指的是
正确方法，故选B。

（15）句意：你拥有美丽、健康、精力、幸福和长寿的秘诀。

A.要求；B.秘密，秘诀；C.风格；D.要点。

根据后句Dark circles under the eyes will not appear. 不会出现黑眼圈。

可知，此处指的是秘诀，故选B。

【总结】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

2.（2020·宁波模拟）阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

We all think eating fruits means just buying fruits, cutting them and putting them into our 1 . It's not as easy as you think. It's important to know 2 and when to eat.
Fruit should be eaten on an empty stomach. If you eat fruit like that, it will go straight 3 the stomach into the Intestines（肠道）. It will be good to your health and provide you with plenty of 4 for life activities. Fruit is the most important 5 .
But when you eat two pieces of bread and then some fruit, it is 6 from doing so. Do you know the reason?
You have probably heard people saying –every time I eat watermelon I burp（打嗝）, when I eat a banana I feel like 7 to the toilet. When the fruit 8 with other food, it produces gas（气体）. That's why you will feel uncomfortable. Actually, we will not 9 if you eat the fruit on an empty stomach.
Eating a whole fruit is better than drinking the juice. When you 10 want to drink fruit juice, drink only 11 fruit juice, NOT from the bottles or cans. Don't drink juice that has been 12 up. Don't eat cooked fruits because you don't get the nutrients（营养成分）at all. You only get the 13 .
If you have mastered the 14 way of eating fruits, you have the 15 of beauty, health, energy, happiness and a long life. Dark circles under the eyes will not appear.
1. A. tables B. plates C. mouths D. boxes
2. A. how B. what C. where D. who
3. A. past B. between C. among D. through
4. A. experience B. energy C. pleasure D. spirit
5. A. course B. discovery C. food D. direction
6. A. prevented B. protected C. prepared D. practiced
7. A. returning B. running C. relaxing D. staying
8. A. fixes B. fills C. mixes D. joins
9. A. check B. spread C. arrive D. happen
10. A. totally B. hardly C. clearly D. really
11. A. expensive B. colorful C. fresh D. medium
12. A. burned B. heated C. set D. kept
13. A. taste B. weight C. shape D. sugar
14. A. successful B. correct C. opposite D. special
15. A. request B. secret C. style D. point
【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）D；（4）B；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）C；（9）A；（10）D；（11）C；（12）B；（13）A；（14）B；（15）B；
【解析】文章大意：文章介绍了如何正确的吃水果，以及什么时候吃水果。

（1）句意：我们都认为吃水果就是买水果、切水果，然后把他们放进嘴里。

A：tables桌子；B：plates盘子；C：mouths嘴；D：boxes 箱子，盒子。

根据We all think eating fruits 可知，是吃水果，吃水果就是把水果放进嘴里，故答案是C。

（2）句意：知道如何吃水果、什么时候吃水果很重要。

A：how如何；B：what 什么；C：where在哪里；D：who谁。

根据It's not as easy as you think. 可知，所谓的吃水果并不是那么容易，应该知道如何吃，故答案是A。

（3）句意：如果你喜欢像那样吃水果，它将直接穿过你的胃到达肠道。

A：past 经过；B：between在两者之间；C：among在多着之间；D：through穿过。

根据常识我们知道食物需要穿过胃才能到达肠道，go through穿过，固定搭配。

故答案是D。

（4）句意：它对你健康有好处，为生活活动提供大量的能量。

A：experience 经历，经验；B：energy能量；C：pleasure高兴；D：spirit 精神。

根据for life activities. 可知，这里表示的是为活动提供大量的能量，故答案是B。

（5）句意：水果是最重要的食物。

A：course课程；B：discovery发现；C：food 食物：direction方向。

分析题干和选项的意思可知，food符合语境，故答案是C。

（6）句意：但是当你吃两片面包然后一些水果的时候，它阻止这样做。

A：prevented阻止；B：protected保护；C：prepared准备；D：practiced练习。

这里表示的是吃了面包再吃水果，面包阻止水果直接运行到肠道里，故答案是A。

（7）句意：你可能听人们说过，每次我吃了西瓜我会打嗝，当我吃香蕉的时候，我想跑去厕所。

A：returning回来，归还；B：running跑步；C：relaxing令人放松的；D：staying停留。

根据常识可知，香蕉具有润肠的功能，可让人顺利排便，所以吃了香蕉就想去排便，所以这里表示的是跑向厕所，故答案是B。

（8）句意：当水果跟其他食物混合的时候，会产生气体。

A：fixes修理；B：fills装满；C：mixes混合；D：joins加入。

根据it produces gas（气体）. 可知，会产生气体，产生气体是化学反应，说明水果跟食物混合在一起了，故答案是C。

（9）句意：实际上，我们不会检查是否空腹吃水果。

A：check检查；B：spread 散播，传播；C：arrive到达；D：happen发生。

根据前文陈述可知，吃了食物再吃水果，会发生化学反应，所以在吃水果之前没有人会检查是不是空腹，往往是想吃就吃。

故答案是A。

（10）句意：当你真地想喝果汁的时候，只喝新鲜的果汁，不是瓶装的或罐装的。

A：totally完全地；B：hardly几乎不；C：clearly清晰地；D：really真正地。

分析题干和选项意思可知，really符合语境，故答案是D。

（11）句意：当你真地想喝果汁的时候，只喝新鲜的果汁，不是瓶装的或罐装的。

A：expensive昂贵的；B：colorful色彩鲜艳的；C：fresh新鲜的；D：medium 中等的。

根据常识可知，新鲜的果汁有营养也健康，所以要喝新鲜的果汁，故答案是C。

（12）句意：不要喝加热的果汁。

A：burned燃烧；B：heated加热；C：set放置；D：kept保存。

根据常识可知，果汁只能加热或者冷藏，故答案是B。

（13）句意：你只得到了果汁的味道。

A：taste味道；B：weight重量；C：shape
外形；D：sugar糖。

根据常识可知，加热或者水煮水果会破坏水果里的营养成分，但是味道不会改变，所以得不到其中的营养，只得到它的味道，故答案是A。

（14）句意：如果你已经掌握了吃水果的正确的方法，你就拥有了美丽、健康、能量和快乐的秘密。

A：successful成功的；B：correct正确的；C：opposite相对的；D：special特殊的。

根据前文的陈述可知，不正确的方法吃水果会破坏其中的营养，所以这里说的是应掌握吃水果的正确的方法，故答案是B。

（15）句意：如果你已经掌握了吃水果的正确的方法，你就拥有了美丽、健康、能量和快乐的秘密。

A：request要求，请求；B：secret秘密；C：style式样；D：point观点。

掌握了吃水果的方法，就得到了水果的营养，也就得到了健康和美丽的秘密，故答案是B。

【总结】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。

最后通读一遍检查验证。

3.（2020·杭州模拟）Probably通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中选出一个最佳选项。

Do you want to know what your dog is thinking about？Besides（除……之外)guessing from his barks（吠声），we can also find out 1 he thinks from his body language.
First, 2 the tail. If it wags（摆动）gently, it means your dog is friendly and 3 . It s a perfect time for you to play with your dog. If the tail wags fast, your dog is excited. That usually 4 when he meets other animals. When your dog wants to show that he is afraid, he will bend(弯曲) his tail downwards. When he wants to greet you, his tail will move 5 a big circle.
When two dogs 6 each other, they are trying to show that one of them is more powerful. Usually, the bigger dog 7 and the smaller dog will look away.
Now, you can look at your dog s mouth. If it opens a little bit and looks relaxed, that is the 8 we all like to see. Be 9 if your dog shows his teeth. This means " Are you threatening（成胁）10 ? See these teeth?I know how to use them."
11 , the dog's actual body position (位置) will tell you a lot. A position of front down, bottom up means"Let s play! "The 12 position, front high, back low means he is afraid or excited. Standing straight hows his confidence.
Once you 13 how to guess what your dog is thinking, you will be much better able to stop any harm 14 it starts. When you want to play with your dog, try to do the front down, bottom up position. It looks as if you were speaking his 15 !
1. A. what B. why C. when D. how
2. A. record B. spread C. control D. check
3. A. excited B. relaxed C. worried D. tired
4. A. fails B. changes C. happens D. disappears
5. A. in B. to C. for D. with
6. A. look for B. look at C. think of D. part with
7. A. wins B. loses C. arrives D. eaves
8. A. energy B. courage C. smile D. power
9. A. brave B. strong C. useful D. careful
10. A. me B. him C. her D. them
11. A. Probably B. Suddenly C. Recently D. Finally
12. A. strange B. usual C. crazy D. opposite
13. A. learn B. forget C. promise D. question
14. A. until B. before C. unless D. though
15. A. choice B. language C. rule D. answer
【答案】（1）A；（2）D；（3）B；（4）C；（5）A；（6）B；（7）A；（8）C；（9）D；（10）A；（11）D；（12）D；（13）A；（14）B；（15）B；
【解析】本文主要介绍了狗可以通过肢体语言告诉我们它们的想法。

（1）句意：我们也可以从他的肢体语言中弄清楚他的想法。

根据句子结构，可知应填疑问词做think的宾语，what什么，可做宾语，故选A。

（2）句意：首先，检查尾巴。

根据下文If it wags gently, it means…可知是要检查尾巴摆动的情况，check检查，故选D。

（3）句意：如果它轻轻地摇摆，这意味着你的狗是友好的和放松的。

根据下文It s a perfect time for you to play with your dog，可知当狗是友好、放松的时候适合一起玩耍，relaxed放松的，故选B。

（4）句意：这通常发生在他遇到其他动物的时候。

根据上文If the tail wags fast, your dog is excited，可知狗摇尾巴的事情是发生在某种情况下，happen发生，故选C。

（5）句意：当他想和你打招呼的时候，他的尾巴就会转成一个大圆圈。

in a circle，成一圈，固定搭配，故选A。

（6）句意：当两只狗互相看时，它们尽量表明一只是更强大的。

根据下文will look away，可知之前是互相看，look at看，故选B。

（7）句意：通常，大狗会赢，小狗会把视线移开。

根据下文the smaller dog will look away，可知小狗输了，大狗赢了，win赢，故选A。

（8）句意：如果它打开一点，看起来很放松，那就是我们都喜欢看到的微笑。

根据If it opens a little bit and looks relaxed，可知嘴张开一点，看起来放松，说明是微笑，smile微笑，故选C。

（9）句意：如果你的狗露出牙齿时要小心。

根据下文See these teeth?I know how to use them，可知狗露出牙齿是危险的信号，要小心，careful小心的，故选D。

（10）句意：你在威胁我吗？该句是模拟狗的语言，可知狗在和人对话，宾语应该是第一人称，me我，宾格，第一人称，故选A。

（11）句意：最后，狗的实际身体位置会告诉你很多。

根据文章结构，可知此处是最后一点，finally最后，故选D。

（12）句意：相反的姿势，前高后低意味着他害怕或兴奋。

根据front high, back low，可知前高后低是跟平时相反的姿势，opposite相反的，故选D。

（13）句意：一旦你学会了如何猜测你的狗在想什么，你就能够更好地在任何伤害开始之前阻止它。

根据how to guess what your dog is thinking，可知文章是教我们学习猜测狗的想法，learn学习，故选A。

（14）句意：一旦你学会了如何猜测你的狗在想什么，你就能够更好地在任何伤害开始之前阻止它。

根据it starts，可知是在伤害开始之前阻止，before，在……之前，故选B。

（15）句意：你好像在说他的语言。

根据speak，可知是说语言，language语言，故选B。

【总结】考查完形填空，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析四个选项，根据上下文内容及语法知识进行选择。

4.（2020·深圳模拟）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

Nowadays, many people drive their cars to work. There are a lot of cars in the street and the 1 is very busy. So sometimes 2 is not easy for people to get to work on time. When you are going to be late, you only dream of taking a plane there. Can your dream 3 ?
Yes! You can take a plane only in months!
Four engineers in Germany are 4 in making planes. They are making a new plane-Lilium jet. It doesn't look like a plane 5 an egg. Many people think it looks funny and interesting. The great "egg" can take two people to the sky and 6 three hundred kilometres in one hour. That's really great.
Some people call Lilium jet "a flying car". Why? Firstly, it's not difficult for people to learn to drive it. People can drive it just like driving a car. But it can go 7 and farther than a car. Secondly, Lilium jet is not very big, only a quarter of a plane. So it doesn't need an airport. Only a small place is OK. It can stop 8 . In the future, the "flying car" will come into people's life and 9 our ways of trip.
Lilium jet will come on the market soon. 10 you want to make your trip easy and funny, why not buy one? I'm sure you will have a good time on it.
1. A. traffic B. sky C. train
2. A. this B. that C. it
3. A. come on B. come back C. come true
4. A. bored B. interested C. disappointed
5. A. but B. and C. so
6. A. walk B. swim C. fly
7. A. slower B. faster C. earlier
8. A. where B. nowhere C. everywhere
9. A. change B. find C. lose
10. A. Unless B. If C. Whether
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）C；（4）B；（5）A；（6）C；（7）B；（8）C；（9）A；（10）B；
【解析】现在路上的车辆非常多，交通非常的拥挤，人们上班总是会迟到，如果有一架飞机就好了。

这篇短文告诉我们这个梦想就要实现了，德国的工程师们研制了一种飞机，外形像个鸡蛋，这种飞机很容易驾驶，且停放方便，很快就要进入市场了，让我们期待它的到来吧。

（1）句意：大街上有许多车，因此交通繁忙。

traffic交通，车辆，sky，天空，train，火车。

根据There are a lot of cars in the street可知，大街上有许多车，可知交通繁忙，故选A。

（2）句意：因此，有时候按时上班是很难的。

考查代词辨析。

this，这个，that，那个，it，它。

根据is not easy for people to get to work 可知，这是一个it作形式主语的句型，it is +形容词+to do，故选C。

（3）句意：你的梦想能实现吗？考查动词辨析。

come on，加油，come back，返回，come true，实现。

根据your dream可知梦想实现，故选C。

（4）句意：四位德国工程师对制造飞机感兴趣。

考查形容词辨析。

bored，厌烦的，interested，感兴趣的，disappointed，失望的。

根据in making planes可知考查固定用法be interested in doing，对某事感兴趣．故选B。

（5）句意：它看起来不像飞机而像一个鸡蛋。

考查连词辨析。

but，但是，so，于是，and，和，而且。

根据It doesn't look like a plane它看起来不像飞机，可知考查固定于法not…but不是…而是，故选A。

（6）句意：这个巨大的“鸡蛋”可以带两个人在天上，每小时可以飞300公里。

walk，走，swim，游泳，fly，飞行。

根据to the sky到天上可知只有飞行，故选C。

（7）句意：但是它比汽车运行的快，运行的远。

slower，较慢的，faster，较快的，earlier，较早的。

根据three hundred kilometres in one hour可知，每小时可以飞300公里，性能比汽车好，因此也应该比汽车快，故选B。

（8）句意：它可以停在任何地方。

where，哪儿，nowhere，任何地方都不，everywhere，各处。

根据Only a small place is OK可知，只要一块小地方就可以，因此停放方便，故选C。

（9）句意：在将来，这种飞行汽车将进入人们的生活，改变人们的旅行方式。

change，改变，find，发现，lose，丢失。

根据上文可知，这种飞行汽车速度快，飞行远，停放方便，因此可以改变人们的生活方式，故选A。

（10）句意：如果你想让你的旅行变得极容易又有趣，为什么不买一台呢？Unless，除非，If，如果，Whether，是否。

根据you want to make your trip easy and funny可知，你想让你的旅行变得极容易又有趣，表示买一台飞行车的条件，故选B。

【总结】考查完形填空，注意词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。

最后通读一遍检查验证。

5.（2019·深圳模拟）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能赶往相应空白处的最佳选项。

The Chinese shopping day called Singles Day (Nov 11) has already finished. There is a similar day in the United States 1 Black Friday. And an increasing number of people in the US 2 shopping online now.
Black Friday is always the Friday 3 Thanksgiving. On this day, many stores 4 big discounts for products like televisions and computers.
This year, the, day 5 on Nov 24 and marked the start of the holiday shopping season. People start to buy things 6 Christmas at this time. The season will 7 until the end of this month.
8 , a lot of shopping during the season is done, at physical stores. But more people in the US are turning to online shopping.
This year's Thanksgiving and Black Friday online sales 9 to $7.
9 billion (52 billion yuan), a record high, and up 17. 9 percent from a year ago, Reuters reported.
According to a survey 10 the National Retail Federation (美国全国零售商联合会), 59 percent of US customers said shopping on the internet was their top choice for this shopping season.
1. A. call B. calling C. called
2. A. is B. are C. was
3. A. after B. during C. on
4. A. advise B. offer C. provide
5. A. fell B. is falling C. falls
6. A. to B. with C. for
7. A. happen B. last C. begin
8. A. Luckily B. Excitedly C. Traditionally
9. A. raised B. rose C. held
10. A. with B. for C. by
【答案】（1）C；（2）B；（3）A；（4）B；（5）A；（6）C；（7）B；（8）C；（9）B；（10）C；
【解析】中国的网购狂欢节是“双十一”，美国也有类似这样的网购促销叫“黑色星期五”。

它一般从感恩节后的一天开始，要持续一个月的时间。

商家会给出各种优惠。

（1）在美国，有个类似的节日叫黑色星期五。

动词call是做定语修饰Black Friday 的，且call和Black Friday是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以要用过去分词形式。

故选C。

（2）现在，在美国，越来越多的人在网购。

an increasing number of表示越来越多的，people是可数名词，be动词要用复数，时间标志是now，一般现在时。

故选B。

（3）黑色星期五在感恩节后的星期五。

根据常识，感恩节是十一月份的第四个星期四。

那么星期五就是感恩节后的一天。

故选A。

（4）在这一天，像电视、电脑这类商品，许多商家会提供很大的折扣。

offer 和provide虽然都有“提供”的意思，但offer还表示出价、开价。

故选B。

（5）今年，这个节日在十一月二十四日，标志着购物旺季的开始。

根据细节“and marked”可知and并列的是两个过去时。

故选A。

（6）人们在这个时候开始为圣诞节买东西。

buy … for，为……买，固定搭配。

故选C。

（7）这个购物季将会持续到这个月末。

last持续，且until在肯定句中不和短暂性动词连用。

happen，begin都属于短暂性动词。

故选B。

（8）按惯例来说，这个季节许多商品都会在实体店里被买到。

Luckily，幸运地，Excitedly，兴奋地，Traditionally，传统地，惯例地，根据这句后面的一句：但是更多的美国人转向网上购物。

可知这里是按照传统。

故答案为C。

（9）今年黑色星期五和感恩节网购额达到79亿美元，一个新高纪录，高出一
年前17. 9%。

raised，提升、增加，及物动词，可直接跟宾语，held，抓住，rose，上升，增强，（数量）增加，不及物动词，跟宾语需要有介词。

故选B。

（10）根据一项由美国全国零售商联合会的调查可知，59%的美国顾客说网上购物是他们的首选。

by被、由。

故选C。

【总结】考查完形填空，注意词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。

最后通读一遍检查验证。

6.（2020·南宁模拟）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A. B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

When you use a computer, do you think about the mouse? This little plastic tool makes using computers so much 1 . It has a history that goes back nearly 50 years.
In 1963, American computer pioneer Douglas Engelbart 2 a prototype (原型) mouse. On April 27, 1981, the first computer system with a mouse and user interface (界面) 3 . This design plays an important part in the personal computing world 4 today.
The invention of the mouse was the beginning of a new age. 5 the mouse, computer users had to use complex (复杂的) tools and difficult code (编码) to connect with their computers .
Some say 6 like the touchscreen (触摸屏) iPad will mean the end of the mouse, but others believe the mouse will be around for a while longer.
"It's easy to 7 , and you don't need to take your eyes off the screen to use it. These are the 8 for its long life," says Ken Perlin, a professor at New York University.
Scientists are now working on adding 9 things to the mouse. Recently, they made a "soft mouse", which is made from a soft plastic material. Using 10 is like touching a cat, so some computer users have started calling it a "cat".
There is an internet saying: One day the "cat' may eat the "mouse".
1. A. cheaper B. worse C. easier D. slower
2. A. invented B. borrowed C. drew D. bought
3. A. stopped B. appeared C. grew D. happened
4. A. even B. also C. ever D. only
5. A. Since B. After C. Before D. During
6. A. background B. developments C. attention D. business
7. A. lose B. improve C. repair D. learn
8. A. dreams B. ways C. reasons D. plans
9. A. new B. old C. harmful D. useless
10. A. them B. him C. her D. it
【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）A；（5）C；（6）B；（7）D；（8）C；（9）A；（10）D；
【解析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了鼠标的历史及发展。

（1）句意：这个小小的塑料工具让电脑的使用变得如此容易。

A.更便宜的；
B.更差的；
C.更容易的；
D.更慢的。

根据后文5the mouse, computer users had to use complex (复杂的) tools and difficult code (编码) to connect with their computers . 在鼠标之前，计算机用户不得不使用复杂的工具和困难的代码来连接他们的计算机。

可知，此处指的是更容易，故选C。

（2）句意：美国计算机先驱道格拉斯·恩格尔巴特发明了一个原型鼠标。

A.发明；B.借；C.画；D.买。

根据前句It has a history that goes back nearly 50 years. 它的历史可以追溯到近50年前。

可知，此处指的是发明，故选A。

（3）句意：第一个有鼠标和用户界面的计算机系统出现了。

A.停止；B.出现；
C.种植；
D.发生。

根据后句This design plays an important part in the personal computing world4today. 甚至在今天，这种设计在个人计算机世界中都扮演着重要的角色。

可知，此处指的是出现，故选B。

（4）句意：甚至在今天，这种设计在个人计算机世界中都扮演着重要的角色。

A.甚至；
B.也；
C.曾经；
D.只，仅仅；根据This design plays an important part in the personal computing world 可知，此处指的是甚至，即影响很深远，故选A。

（5）句意：在鼠标之前，计算机用户不得不使用复杂的工具和困难的代码来连接他们的计算机。

A.自从；B.在……之后；C.在……之前；D.在……期间。

根据前句The invention of the mouse was the beginning of a new age. 鼠标的发明是一个新时代的开始。

可知，此处指的是在鼠标之前，故选C。

（6）句意：有人说，iPad触摸屏的发展将意味着鼠标的终结， A.背景；B.发展；C.注意；D.生意；根据 will mean the end of the mouse 和常识可知，此处指的是iPad触摸屏的发展，故选B。

（7）句意：很容易学会。

A.失去；B.改善；C.修理；D.学会。

根据后面的并列句 and you don't need to take your eyes off the screen to use it. 使用它时，你不需要把眼睛从屏幕上移开。

可知，此处指的是很容易学会，故选D。

（8）句意：对于它的漫长的生命是有原因的。

A.梦想；B.方法；C.原因；D.计划。

根据前句It's easy to7 , and you don't need to take your eyes off the screen to use it. 可知，此处指的是鼠标寿命长的原因，故选C。

（9）句意：科学家们现在正致力于给老鼠增加一些新的东西。

A.新的；B.老的，旧的；C.有害的；D.无用的。

根据后句Recently, they made a "soft mouse", which is made from a soft plastic material. 最近，他们做了一个“软鼠标”，这是由软塑料材料。

可知，此处指的是新的东西，故选A。

（10）句意：使用它就像摸一只猫，A.他们；B.他；C.她；D.它。

根据语境可知，此处用it指代前句中的 "soft mouse" ，故选D。

【总结】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

7.（2020·上城模拟）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、
B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。

I was in Mrs. Black's third grade class and one day I brought home an invitation. "I'm not 1 ", I said. "She's a new girl named Ruth, and Bernie and Pat aren't going. She asked the 2 class, all36of us." Mom studied the handmade invitation, then she said, "Well, you are going! I'll 3 a present tomorrow." When Saturday arrived, Momma rushed me out of 4 and made me wrap (包装) the pretty pink mirror-brush-and-comb set she'd bought. Then she drove me over to Ruth's home in her car. The biggest cake I ever saw
5 on one table. It had
6 pink candles and a messily printed "Happy Birthday Ruth". Thirty-six cups filled with homemade candy were near the cake-each one with a
7 on it.
"Where's your mom?" I asked Ruth.
Looking down at the floor, she said, "Well, she's sick."
"Oh. 8 your dad?"
"He's gone."
Then there was a 9 , except for a few coughs from behind a closed door. Some 15 minutes passed…then 10 more. No one else was coming. Looking up I saw Ruth's face with tears. All 10 my eight-year-old heart was filled with very sorry for Ruth and anger at my 35 classmates. I said, "Who needs 11 ?" Ruth's sad look changed to excited 12 . There we were—two small girls and a big cake, 36 named cups and games to play. In a flash it was noon, Mom drove to pick me up. "Mom, Ruth just loved the mirror set. I was the only one there—out of Mrs. Black's whole class. And I can't wait to tell
13 of them what a great party they missed!" Mom stopped the car and
14 me tight. With tears in her eyes, she said, "I'm so 15 of you!" That was the day I learned that one person could really make a difference. I had made a big difference in Ruth's ninth birthday, and Mom had made a big difference in my life.
1. A. taking B. coming C. going D. driving
2. A. whole B. half C. quarter D. third
3. A. give up B. pick up C. take up D. come up
4. A. school B. bed C. home D. shop
5. A. put B. fell C. sat D. showed
6. A. seven B. eight C. nine D. ten
7. A. name B. sign C. cake D. candle
8. A. What's B. Where's C. How's D. Who's
9. A. happiness B. excitement C. sadness D. silence
10. A. at once B. in the end C. right now D. soon after
11. A. you B. them C. us D. me
12. A. introduction B. performance C. discussion D. agreement
13. A. any one B. no one C. someone D. every one
14. A. held B. caught C. brought D. touched
15. A. kind B. proud C. polite D. nice
【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）B；（5）C；（6）C；（7）A；（8）B；（9）D；（10）A；（11）B；（12）D；（13）D；（14）A；（15）B；
【解析】文章大意：本文讲述了作者去参加新同学露丝的生日聚会的故事。

（1）句意：我说：“我不去”。

taking取；coming来；going去；driving驾驶。

根据She's a new girl named Ruth, and Bernie and Pat aren't going. 可知，我不去。

故选C。

（2）句意：她问了全班，我们36个人。

whole全部的；half一半；quarter四分之一；third三分之一。

根据all 36 of us 可知，她问了全班人。

故选A。