英语语法讲义
(成都七中)四川省成都市七中2023-2024届初升高语法讲义
语法一、高一核心考点语法：1．定语从句考点难点（历年英语高考的必考核心题,也是英语学习的重中之重）①高中英语语法考点精讲：（一）定义1)在复合句中（一个句子的某一成分由句子承当），修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句或形容词从句；在句中起定语的作用.2)1) The man((二)1.连接主句和从句。
2.代表被修饰的先行词。
3.在定语从句做一个句子成分。
eg. This is the room which I lived in last year.先行词关系代词定语从句①考点1（四）：用关系代词还是用关系副词关系代词起代词的作用，关系副词起副词的作用，因此同样的先行词，选用什么样的关系词，要由它在定语从句中担任的逻辑作用来决定。
When=at\in\on\during时间时间状语whichWhere=at\in\to which 地点地点状语Why=for which 原因原因状语eg. This is the place ¬where we work.（vi.）(关系词所做的成分关键是有从句中的动词来决定的) This is the place which we visited. (vt. )关系副词：when , where , why 等。
在定语从句，关系副词= 介词+ which 。
也就是说，每个关系副词里本身就已经含有了一个介词：when = 在什么时候，where = 在什么地方，why = 为什么原因，等。
至于在英文中用哪个具体的介词，就得依具体情况而定了。
when 代替表示时间的名词，而这个名词在从句中又与介词构成了短语，在从句中充当状语,例如：People will always remember the time when Hong Kong and Macao returned to our motherland .人们会永远记住香港和澳门回归祖国的那一时刻。
He came at a time when we needed help . 他在我们需要人帮忙的时候来了。
专升本英语语法精品讲义ppt课件
9．It was a meeting________importance I did not realize at the time. A．which B．at which C．its D．whose 解析：定语从句修饰meeting，引导词whose在定语从句中
语法专练
1．I have seen the film，________leading actor is my
favourite. A．its B．that C．whose D．which 解析：定语从句修饰film，引导词在定语从句中作 leading actor的定语，表所属关系。 答案：C 2．The girl________everybody had thought could win a gold
的关系，whom作of的宾语。 答案：C
定语从句(二) 1．whom，which在定语从句中可作介词的宾语，这样的介词一
般放在whom，which之前也可放在原来的位置上。that也可作 介词宾语，但介词不能放在that前，只能放在原位置上；含有 介词的固定词组，介词也只能放在原位置上。 This is the nurse to whom Tom spoke just now.＝This is the nurse whom Tom spoke to just now. 这就是那个Tom刚才跟她谈话的护士。 The child whom you take care of is ill.你照看的那小孩病了。
码”。后面是倒装句。 答案：C
7．I don’t like the way________he spoke to me. A．what B．by which C．by that D．/ 解析：定语从句修饰way，引导词作状语时可用in which/that/不填。 答案：D
【优质讲义】小学英语语法归纳训练讲义-3 名词所有格 全国通用版(含答案)
语法——名词全部格Part 1:学问点一、名词全部格：在英语中，有些名词可以加’s 来表示全部关系，全部关系可以理解为所属关系，也就是说这个东西是属于谁的。
例如：Mike的鞋子：Mick’s shoes二、名词全部格形式：1.复数名词变全部格：复数的末尾已有s啦，所以直接加'e.g. the teachers’ office 老师们的办公室2.假如一些物品为两者共有，只需在后一个名词后加'se.g. Lucy and Lily's bedroom.Lucy和Lily共用一个卧房假如为各自全部，则需在每个名词后加's。
e.g. Lucy's and Lily's bedrooms.Lucy和Lily分别拥有各自的卧房3.表示没有生命的物体的名词全部格，一般与介词of连用。
e.g. a map of the world 世界地图4.双重全部格：它是把of全部格和's全部格结合在一起。
e.g. a friend of my father's我爸爸的一位伴侣a pet of my classmate's我同学的一只宠物Part 2:练习1.This is__________________________（田丽的家庭）．2．Is that______________________（史密斯家的一幅照片）？3．What’s _________________________（迈克妹妹的名字）？4.This is__________________________（莉莉和露茜的)room．5.They are__________________________（格林夫人的儿子）．6.It’s my__________________________（father）bag．7.Are these the_______________________（twin）books﹖8.March 8 is__________________________（woman）Day．9.What’s the girl’s name﹖（同义句）What’s the __________________________the girl﹖10.____________________(李明的父母)work in a big hospital.11.Thi s is____________________________.(我妹妹的英语书)12.________________________(双胞胎的卧房)are very nice.13._________________(王阳和王明的父亲)is a hotel manager.14.Is this_______________________(你的好伴侣的宠物) ?15.They are______________________(Peter 和Sam的老师).16.______________________(老师节) is on September 10th .17._________________________(同学们的桌椅)are very new.18.We are very happy on________________________(儿童节).19.He is in_________________________(老师的办公室) now.20.Please open____________________________(教室的门).21.____________________________(玛丽的鞋)are white.22.____________________(王芳和林浩的学校)is big and new.23._______________(John和Sally的母亲) are American.24.________________(刘伟的妻子的伴侣)is from Guangzhou.25.______________________(Tony哥哥的电脑)is broken.26.It’s_____________________(妇女节) on March 8th.27.Are these__________________________(男生们的书包) ?28.That is_______________________(Tom和李雷的教室).29._________________________(我父亲的和她父亲的伴侣) are from Beijing.答案1. Tian Li’s fa mily2. a picture of Smith’s family3. the name of Mike’s sister4. Lily and Lucy’s5. Mrs. Green’s sons6. fa ther’s7. tw in’s8. Women’s9. name of10. Li Ming’s parents11. my sister’s English book12. The twin’s rooms13. Wang Yang and Wang Ming’s father14. your friend’s pe t15. Peter’s and Sam’s teachers16. Teacher’s Day17. The children’s desks and chairs18. Children’s Day19. the teacher’s office20. the door of the classroom21. Mary’s shoes22. Wang Fang and Lin Hao’s school23. John’s and Sally’s mothers24. The friend of Liu Wei’s wife25. The computer of Tony’s brother26. Women’s Day27. the boys’ bags28. Tom and Li Lei’s classroom29. My father’s and her father’s friends。
2025届高考英语语法复习一般过去时知识讲解讲义
高考英语一般过去时知识讲解一、结构和用法在英语学习中，时态的掌握是至关重要的一环。
其中，一般过去时作为描述过去发生的动作或存在的状态的时态，具有其独特的结构和用法。
（一）一般过去时的结构1、肯定形式结构：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他例句：She went to the park yesterday.她昨天去了公园。
规则动词过去式的构成：一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed，如：look looked。
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed，如：live lived。
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节(辅元辅结构)，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop stopped。
末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed，如：study studied。
2、否定形式结构1：主语 + was/were + not + 其他(be动词的否定)例句：He wasn't at home this morning.他今天早上没在家。
结构2：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他(行为动词的否定)例句：I didn't know you like coffee.我之前不知道你喜欢喝咖啡。
3、一般疑问句结构1：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?例句：Did you go to Beijing last week? 你们上周去北京了吗?结构2：Was/Were + 主语 + 表语?例句：Were you a student 10 years ago?10年前你是学生吗?4、一般过去时的特殊疑问句的构成结构：疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?例句：What did you do last night?昨天晚上你做了什么?常见的特殊疑问词有：who, what, whose, which, when, where, why, how, how long, how much等。
英语语法讲义
四级语法讲义一：时态：所谓的"时态"，就是时间+状态。
谓语动词的时态见下表：1．主动形式2．被动形式CET-4 常考的三种时态：过去完成时；将来完成时；（现在/过去）完成进行时。
时间状语从句当中的时态：一般过去时 所有的过去 用 一般现在时 表示 现在和将来 现在完成时 现在完成和将来完成一．非谓语动词一．不定式：一）不定式的常考形式：1) 一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others. 被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.语法功能： 表示与谓语动词同步发生2) 完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me. 被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages.语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前 二）不定式常考的考点：1）不定式做定语----将要发生过去 现在 将来 过去将来 一般 diddowill/shall do should/would do进行 was/were doing am/is/are doing will/shall be doing /完成had donehave/has donewill/shall have doneshould/would have done 用于虚拟语气完成进行 had been doing have/has been doing //过去现在将来过去将来 一般 was/were given am/is/are givenwill/shall be givenshould/would be given进行 was/were being givenam/is/are being given//完成had been givenhave/has been givenwill/shall have been given should/would have been given完成进行 / //2）不定式做状语----目的3）不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe.三)不定式的省略1)感官动词see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel+ do表示动作的完整性，真实性；+ doing表示动作的连续性，进行性I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。
人教版中考英语语法复习讲义宾语从句
宾语从句1.宾语从句的概念。
在主从复合句中，置于动词、介词等后面，充当宾语成分的从句叫宾语从句。
无论何时宾语从句都是陈述语序，即引导词（连接词）+ 主语+ 谓语+ 其他成分。
引导宾语从句的连接词有that, whether, if, what, whose, why, when等。
2.宾语从句的结构。
连接词He knew who sang best in his class.动词从句who sang best in his class放在动词knew后面，作宾语，who是引导该从句的连接词。
句意为：他知道班上谁唱歌唱得最好。
连接词I agree with what you said just now.介词从句what you said just now放在介词with的后面，作宾语，what是连接词。
句意为：我同意你刚才说的话。
3.引导宾语从句的连接词。
1)that引导的宾语从句。
that引导的宾语从句没有词意，只起连接作用，用来引导意思完整的陈述句，可以省略。
that引导的宾语从句表示肯定的概念，如希望，相信，知道或说。
例句如下：1.I hear that he will be back in an hour. 我听说他会在一个小时后回来。
2.I hope that it will snow this winter. 我希望今年冬天会下雪。
3.I believe that we shall bee good friends. 我相信我们会成为好朋友。
2)whether/if引导的宾语从句。
whether/if引导的宾语从句词意为是否，在宾语从句中不作成分，不可省略。
通常可以互换，但是介词后面只能用whether，宾语从句中含有or not的只能用whether来引导，即whether和or not在宾语从句中为固定搭配，其他不含or not 的宾语从句可以用whether或if来引导。
例句如下：1.He does not know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not. 他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。
高中英语语法讲义：不定式作定语和状语用法归纳
高中英语语法讲义：不定式作定语和状语用法归纳不定式是非谓语动词常见的一种形式，它具有名词的特征，在句子中可以作主语或宾语;具有形容词的特征，在句子中可以作表语、定语或补足语;具有副词的特征，在句子中可以作状语。
一下主要讲述其作定语和状语的用法。
一、不定式作定语1. 被修饰的名词或词组是不定式的逻辑宾语。
如：There was really nothing to fear. 没有什么值得担心的。
He gave me an interesting book to read. 他给了我一本有趣的书来读。
【注意】如果不定式是不及物动词，后面就得加相应的介词。
如：Mary needs a friend to play with. 玛丽需要一个和她玩的朋友。
They have a strict teacher to listen to. 他们有一个他们得言听计从的严格的老师。
2. 被修饰的名词词组是不定式的逻辑主语。
如：Have you got a key to unlock door？你有钥匙打开门吗？The action to be taken is correct. 要采取的行动是正确的。
There is nothing to be gained by pretending. 通过假装是得不到好处的。
3. 被修饰的名词词组是不定式的同位结构。
这类名词通常是表示企图、努力、倾向、目的、愿望、打算、能力、意向等意义的名词，如ability，effort，attempt，hobby，wish 等。
如：Neither of them had any hobby to do business with Mary. 他们都没有兴趣和玛丽做生意。
I have no wish to quarrel with you. 我不想和你吵架。
4. 动词不定式作定语，有时用主动式表示被动的意义。
如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，还要与相应的介词连用。
【优质讲义】小学英语语法归纳训练讲义-12 介词in,on,at 全国通用版(含答案)
语法——介词in on atPart 1:学问点一、介词：是一种虚词，在句子中表示名词或代词与其他词之间的关系，不能单独做为句子成分，常位于名词或代词前面构成介词短语。
二、具体用法：常用介词1.in（1）表示方位：在……里面例句：There are three books in my bag.我书包里有三本书。
（2）表示地点：A.表示在大地方例句：I live in Hangzhou.我住在杭州。
B.表示属于该范围例句：Hei Longji ang lies in the north of China.黑龙江在中国北部。
（3）表示时间：A.表示一段时间（比较长）例：in summer在夏天in 2021在2021年in February 在二月B.表示在早上、下午、晚上例：in the morning/afternoon/evening（4）表示使用某种材料、语言等：例句：I can sing the song in English.我能用英语唱这首歌。
2.on（1）表示地点：在……上面例句：There is an apple on the desk.桌子上有一本书。
（2）表示时间：A.表示在具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上例：on June thirteenth在六月13日on the morning of May 1st在五月一日的早上B.表示在星期几的上午、下午或晚上例：on Friday在周五on Saturday afternoon在周六的下午2.at（1）表示在小地点：例：at school /home（2）表示时间点：例：at seven在七点at night在夜晚Part 2:练习一、用介词填空。
1.My mother begins to work ______ 8:00 ______ t he morning.2.Do you stay ______ home ______ weekend?3.They live ______ a new house now.4.Xinjiang is ______ the west of China.5.Lily usually have breakfast ______ the morning.6.They often have lunch ______ half past twelve.7.What’s this ______ English?8.There is a big gym ______ my school.9.She came to this city ______ 2020.10.It often snows here ______ winter.11.I will be back ______ a month.12.Don’t watch TV too much ______ the evening.13.Sally was born ______ May 11th.14.We don’t go to school ______ Saturday and S unday.15.They were happy ______ that time.16.______ the age of ten, I began to learn English.17.What do you often do ______ noon?18.______ a cold winter morning, I met her in the street.19.Mrs. Green came to Beijing ______ 2005.20.Children wake up very early ______ the morning ofChristmas Day.答案：1.at in2.at on3.in4.in5.in6.at7.in8.in9.in 10.i n 11.in 12.in 13.on 14.on 15.at 16.At 17.at 18.On 19.in 20.on。
高考英语复习语法知识讲解讲义(5种基本句型4种句子成分)
高考英语基本句型英语中常见的句型有以下五种：1、主语 + 谓语2、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语3、主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语4、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语5、主语 + 谓语（系动词）+ 表语一、主谓结构I write、（我写字）You smile、（你微笑）He leaves、（他离开了）She dances、（她跳舞）The river floods、（河水泛滥）The accident happened、（那场事故发生了）某人（或事物）做某事，其中某人（或事物）是动作或行为的发起者，我们称其为主语，后面的动作或行为我们称之为谓语。
二、主谓宾结构I write a letter.You leave your home.He goes to school.She beats me.The flood destroys many houses.The accident causes 2 deaths.上述句子的共同点在于除了表示某人（或事物）做某事之外，还牵涉了另一个人（或事物），这个人（或事物）作为动作或行为的承受者，我们称其为宾语。
三、主谓+双宾结构I write you a letter.His father left him a lot of money.He bought me a new phone.She told me the truth.The government gave him a new mission.在主谓宾结构之外，上述句子又增加了一个人（或事物）作为动作的承受者，也就是又一个宾语。
也可以改写为：I wrote a letter to you.His father left a lot of money to him.He bought a new phone for me.She told the truth to me.The government gave a new mission to him.可以看到，这样调整之后句子的前半部分仍然是完整的主谓宾结构。
小学英语语法归纳训练讲义-13方位介词全国通用版(含答案)
语法——方位介词Part 1:知识点1.in在……里面例句：There are many apples in the basket.篮子里有许多苹果。
2.on在……上面（有接触）例句：There is a book on the desk.桌子上有一本书。
3.over在……上面（不接触）例句：There is a bridge on the river.河上有座桥。
4.under在……下面例句：There is a ball under the chair.椅子下面有一个球。
5.before在……之前例句：Micky stands before Joe.Micky站在Joe前面。
6.behind在……后面例句：There is a tree behind the house.房子后面有一棵树。
7.beside在……旁边例句：A cat is beside the TV.电视旁边有一只猫。
8.near在……附近例句：There is a zoo neat the park.公园旁边有一个动物园。
9.next to紧挨着例句：The library is next to the gym.图书馆紧挨着体育馆。
10.i n front of在……前面例句：There is a car in front of the house.房前有一辆车。
【拓展】in the front of（在内部靠前的位置）例句:The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom.教师站在教室的前面。
11.i n the middle of在……中间例句：There is a lake in the middle of the zoo.动物园中间有一个湖。
【拓展】between在两者之间，常与and连用例句：There is a bridge between the two village.在两个村子中间有一座桥。
2025届高考英语语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解讲义
高考英语语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解一、基础知识（一）什么是虚拟语气谓语动词的作用不仅可以表示动作的时间、状态、假设（情感），也是一种语气（mood)的表现形式，表明说话的目的和意图。
（语气包含陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气）虚拟语气用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实或虚拟的情况，即与真实相反。
上学的时候老师经常举的一个例子，"If I were you"因为我不可能是你，这是一种不可能存在的事实，所以这是个虚拟语句。
总而言之英语中的虚拟语气可以分为两大体系：一是表示与事实相反的，或者是假象的情形，通常由if引导，叫做虚拟条件句；另一个体系是在名词从句中使用虚拟语气，表示建议，命令或者要求等语气，类似于上述美剧常用的台词。
（二）虚拟语气的用法这一部分我们主要用虚拟语气在条件句中的用法作为讲解不同情况条件从句谓语主句谓语使用场景与过去事实相反If+主语+haddone主语+should/would/could/might+have done既然是过去了，那么谈到的一切情况都已既成事实，所以过去虚拟表达的是一个与过去事实相反的情形与现在事实相反If+主语+did(be动词用were)主语+should/would/could/might+do既可能是事实，也可能是假设条件。
因此，假设条件句和事实相反句适用于谈现在的情况与将来事实相反If+主语+ did(be动词用were)If+主语+ wereto + doIf+主语+should+ do主语+should/would/could/might+do对于将来时间的虚拟不可能以事实为基础，而只能是表达说话人的一个设想或愿望。
所以，对于将来的虚拟只适用于假设条件句，而不可能表达一个与事实相反的虚拟与现在事实相反：If I had a map, I would lend it to you.如果我有地图我就借给你。
（但我没有）与将来事实相反：If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way. 要是我来做这工作，我会是另一种做法。
崔荣容英语语法讲义
崔荣容英语语法讲义一、引言1.崔荣容简介崔荣容，我国知名英语教育专家，具有丰富的英语教学经验。
她致力于为广大英语学习者提供实用、易懂的英语语法知识，帮助大家提高英语水平。
2.英语语法讲义意义英语语法讲义是为了帮助学习者系统地学习英语语法，深入理解英语语言规律，从而提高英语应用能力。
通过学习这本讲义，同学们可以掌握英语的核心知识点，为日后的英语学习打下坚实基础。
二、英语语法核心知识点1.词性英语词性分为十大类，包括名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、代词、连词、感叹词、疑问词和数词。
了解各类词性有助于正确使用单词，构建清晰的语言表达。
2.句子结构英语句子结构主要包括主语、谓语、宾语三大要素。
掌握句子结构，可以帮助我们更好地组织语言，表达思想。
3.时态英语时态共有十二种，分为一般时、进行时、完成时、完成进行时等。
了解时态的使用，能使我们的表达更加准确、生动。
4.语态英语语态分为主动语态和被动语态。
掌握语态变换，可以让我们的语言表达更加丰富。
5.情态动词情态动词在英语中具有重要地位，它们可以表示可能性、推测、建议等含义。
6.从句从句是英语中复杂句子的基本构成部分，主要包括名词从句、状语从句、定语从句等。
7.虚拟语气虚拟语气用于表示与事实相反的假设、建议、愿望等。
掌握虚拟语气的使用，有助于提高英语表达的准确性。
三、实用语法技巧1.语法错误规避了解常见的语法错误，如主谓一致、单复数错误等，避免在实际应用中出现失误。
2.复杂句简化学会将复杂句子简化，提高语言表达的清晰度。
3.提高写作表达能力运用所学语法知识，丰富写作表达，提高文章质量。
4.口语表达流畅性在口语交流中，灵活运用语法知识，使表达更加流畅。
四、案例分析与讲解1.典型错误案例本部分将列举一些典型的语法错误案例，帮助同学们引以为戒。
2.正确使用语法示范针对错误案例，给出正确使用语法的示范，让同学们更加清晰地了解正确用法。
五、总结与展望1.英语语法学习方法要学好英语语法，需要循序渐进，不断总结规律，并进行实际应用。
2023届高考英语重点语法总结复习讲义
高三重点语法总结复习1.the same...that... 和...一样We don’t have the samework hours that office workers in the city office have.2.so+adj/adv+that; such+n+that;如此...以至于〔结果状从〕The newlybuilt stadium is so big that it can hold all the teachers and students in our school.倒装变式;So big is the newlybuilt stadium that it can hold all the teachers and students.3.so that以便...,目的是...〔缘由状从〕I read more books so that I can catch up with my classmates.4.be doing ...when正在做某事...突然She was walking along the bank of the river when she heard a cry for help.5.with/make /leave+宾语+宾补With the current world conditions forcing us to stay longer indoors,you’ve likely tried to pick up a new skill.We should take effective measures to ptotect our planet,making it a more beautiful place.6.when/while/if/as+adj/非谓语〔状语从句的省略：当从句的主语和主句的主语全都或从句的主语为it时，且从句的谓语动词含有be动词时，可以把从句中的主语和be动词一起省去〕While+doing; if possible/necessary; as planned/shecduled/arrangedTwo years later.the worker was caught in Italy when trying to selling the painting.7.祈使句+and+陈述句;表示承接8 祈使句+or+陈述句；表示转折Give me a challenge,and I’ll meet it with joy.Please e here,and you will interested in papercuting.8.It is said that=Sb/Sth is said to do 〔据说句型，从句和不定式的相互转化〕On this day,the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.On this day,it is said that the moon is biggest and brightest.9.be+adj+to dois easy to do;is hard to doAlthough the work was not easy to do,we felt happy and satisfied.10.表示方位的介词短语或表示时间，地点，方位的副词放于句首时，句子要半倒装常见的有：among;then ;inUnder the big tree was sitting an old farmer.11.常见的主语从句的四种类型：It is +adj+thatIt is +过去分词+thatIt is +名词短语+thatIt is +不及物动词〔happen,occur,appear,seem...〕+thatIt is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the internet.12.I t+现在完成时+since+一般过去时；“自从...已经有多长时间了〞It has been two weeks since you went back home.13.n ot..until“知道...才〞Not until I received your last letter did I learn your keen interest in Chinese culture. 14.w hether...or“无论是...还是〞If he is out there every day and playing hard,you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses.15.否认词+比拟级“表示最高级〞Nothing is more difficult than that.16.c an not/never/hardly be too +adjcan not/never/hardly be adj+enough “再...也不为过〞You can never be too careful when you cross the road.17.I t is/was...who/that...强调句.I know it is one of chinese traditional art formspapercutting that you are interested in.So I invite you to attend an exhibition of it.The more you know about papercutting,the better you will love it.18.t hat引导的同位语结构某些抽象名词后，如：fact,hope,idea,news,belief，sign等后，常跟that引导的同位语从句There is no doubt that you are supposed to know about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance.There are no signs that Tom was a rich man.19.b e of +adj+n=be of +adjbe of great value=be valuable; be of great help=be helpfulbe of great significance=be significant; be of great benefit=be beneficialI do hope these suggestions above will be of some help to you.20.a s long as“只要；引导条件状语从句〞This proves that as long as we have a strong will ,we’ll be able to get over any difficulty.21.h ave a difficult 〔in〕doing sth“有一段困难的时间〞I had a difficult time 〔in〕adjusting to the learning environment when I first entered the new school.22.t he last time“上次〞引导时间状语从句，不和when连用I still remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.23.t hat’s why“那就是为什么...〞that’s because“那是由于〞That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.Form the space,the earth looks blue. This is because about sevenone percent of its surface is covered by water.24.T he reason why...is that...“...的缘由是...〞The reason why I show respect for her is that she never loss temper instead always encourage me.25.t he +比拟级，the+比拟级“越...越〞The more you give,the more you will get.〔付出越多，收获越多〕26.t he moment“一...就〞引导时间状语从句Generally speaking,we are busy reviewing and preparing for the College EntranceExamination the moment we enter senior three.27.n ot...but...“不是...而是〞V oters sometimes feel annoyed,not because they hate voting,but because they don’t like being forced to do so.28.I t’s high time that sb +一般过去时/should +动词原形“到了该做某事的时间了〞It/This/That is/was the+序数词time that sb+现在完成时/过去完成时某人第几次做某事It’s high time that we devoted /should devote ourselves to environmental protection and ecological improvement.It’s the second time that I have been to Shanghai.29.s o所引导的倒装句：so+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语Tom likes to keep pets and so does his wife.〔汤姆喜爱养宠物，他妻子也一样〕30.g et+过去分词31.N o sooner +过去完成时+thanhardly+过去完成时+when“一...就〞No sooner had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.32.m ake用法make sb do sth让某人做某事;sb be made to do sth被人被要求做某事make it +adjmake oneself doneThe boss made the worker do the work all day.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,not to make it more convinent. She managed to make herself understood in English.。
高考英语语法知识讲解(同位语和插入语+主补和宾补+系动词和实义动词)+讲义
高考英语语法知识讲解一、同位语和插入语（1）同位语（Appositive）：1）定义对名词或代词作进一步的解释，与前面的名词或代词指代同一事物，在句中充当相同的语法成分，在语法上处于同一地位，故称为同位语。
它可以是单词、短语或从句。
2）例句My friend, Li Li, is coming to the party.(我的朋友李丽要来参加聚会。
)The book, Pride and Prejudice, is a classic novel.(《傲慢与偏见》是一部经典小说。
) The teacher, Mr.Smith, is very kind.(史密斯老师非常好心。
)如果是从句作同位语，那么就称为同位语从句，是名词从句的一种。
The question "what are things made of?" is answered differently by different kinds of scientists.(物质由什么构成的问题，不同的科学家就有不同的答案。
)（2）插入语（Parenthesis）：1）定义插入语是说话者对所表达意思的补充、强调、解释或者说话的态度，其位置灵活，常常用逗号或破折号与其他成分隔开，并且在语法上不影响其他成分，能使语言连贯、地道。
插入语通常与句中其它成分没有语法上的关系，所以插入语在句中不充当任何语法成分。
插入语通常用逗号与句子隔开。
插入语可能是一个词、一个短语或一个句子。
恰当使用插入语，可以给文章增色不少。
2）例句Frankly, I don't think he is right.(坦白说，我认为他不对。
)Unfortunately, we missed the train.(不幸的是，我们错过了火车。
)To my surprise, she won the first prize.(令我惊讶的是，她赢得了第一名。
)（3）二者区别：1）相同点：同位语和插入语都是为句子提供额外信息。
超实用高三英语一轮复习语法讲解(动名词)及练习讲义
高三英语语法讲解及练习动名词第一部分知识透析第一节动名词的基本形式主动被动1. 一般式(not) doing(not) being done（常用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义，有时也可以表示在谓语动词之前或之后发生的动作）Swimming is her favorite sport.Learning to use electronic products is necessary in modern society.I remembered sending him an e-mail last week.He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday.I can’t stand being kept waiting.His not coming made everyone very disappointed.2. 完成式(not) having done(not) having been done（动名词的动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生）1 really regretted having missed such a wonderful musical.He denied having cheated in the exam.I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team.I remember not having returned the book to the library.第二节动名词的用法1. 动名词作主语/表语动名词作主语/表语表示泛指的经常性的事情Collecting information is very important to businessmen.My hobby is collecting stamps.One of my bad habits is biting nails.2. 动名词作宾语1)一些动词后面只能跟动名词作宾语，如：ban consider delay deny escapefeel like finish forbid involve appreciatekeep practise recommend quit suggestadmit permit avoid enjoy mentionimagine include mind miss resistRisk prohibit allow advise encouragedislike forgive advocate postpone fancyHe denied having been there.We enjoy walking along the Bund.Don’t risk going to the forest alone.The old should avoid eating oily food.注意：allow, advise，encourage，forbid, permit，recommend 后接动名词作宾语，接不定式作补语。
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英语语法讲义词法第一讲：名词，Part One: 名词考点：名词的数，名词的所有格，名词作定语，名词与冠词。
I. 名词的分类：1.专有名词：2.普通名词：可数：不可数：II.永远不可数的名词：advice fun information chocolate knowledge progress luggage/baggage furnitureIII.即可数又不可数的名词:room word experience shock danger success failure work difficulty honour surprise pleasure equipmentIV. 加s不加s意思不一样sand manner work wood time drinks arm glass regardV.特殊的复数1. 以f结尾：belief cliff roof gulf serf chief handkerchief proof2 .以o结尾：photo piano kilo radio zoo3. 只有复数：cattle people clothes police4.集体名词：class government team army committee group company family5.单复数同型：sheep deer aircraft spacecraft means species series6.有关man和woman: a woman teacher ---two women teachers ,a man cook—two men cooks7.主干词加s: brother-in-law comrade-in-arm story-teller looker-on passer-by8.无主干词在最后加：grown-up go-between forget-me-notVI.名词的格：1.‘s所有格的用法:2.国家，城市的所有格：3.时间，距离的所有格：4. else 的所有格：5.of 的所有格用法：6.名词做定语：VII.过关测试：1.It is bad _______to speak with your month full of food.A.manner B way C .manners D. thing2.I can‘t say which is better---it‘s a(n)___________of personal taste.A. affairB. eventC. matterD. variety3.To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their_______and weakness .A. strengthsB. benefitsC. techniquesD. values4.I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children‘s________.A. reachB. handC. holdD. place P1.5.Always read the _______carefully on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.A. explanationsB. instructionsC. descriptionsD. introductions6._________came ______the president himself would inspect our school next week.A. Word//thatB. Word/whichC. A word /thatD. Word ,what7.How far is it ? It is ________from here.A. a twenty minute‘s walkB. a twenty-minutes walkC. a twenty minutes‘walk D .twentyminutes walk8He is a man of ________and he has lot of interesting ________in his life..A.much experience /experiencesB. much experience /experienceB.many experience /experience D. many experiences/ experience9 .China has __________of more than 1.2 billion. A. much population B. the populationC. a little populationD. a large population of10. Classification is a useful _________to the organization0f knowledge in any field .A. mannerB. meansC. wayD. approach11. Schoolmaster is offering a ________to whoever can give some information about theproblem. .A. money B. reward C. prize D. promise12..He read the passage again and again but fail to make _________of it .A. meaningB. understandingC. viewD. sense13.No one is allowed to have the ________to use the office computer to plays games.A. powerB. privilegeC. abilityD. right14.The meeting was _______.Most people were for our plan.A. succeedB. successfullyC. successD. a success15.He gained his _______by printing _______of famous writers.A. wealth/workB. wealth /works C wealths /work D. wealth / works答案：1—5 ＣＣBＡＢ6---10.ACADD 11—15. BDBDD名词及主谓一致Part one.1.You will find this map of _______________in helping you to get round the city.A. sourceB. senseC. favourD. value.2.Do you have any ___________of what life would be like if we lived on other planets.B. plan . B. ideaC. impression.D. imagination.3.Always read the ______________on the bottle carefully and take the right amount ofmedicine.C. explanations B. instructions C. descriptions.D.instructions.4.The ____________on his face told me that he was angry .D. impression B. sight C. appearance. D. expression5.At the meeting they discussed three different ____________to the study of mathematics.E. approaches B. means C. methods D. ways.6.School children must be taught how to with dangerous __________.F. states B. conditions. C. situations D .positions.7.You are always full of _______________.Can you tell me the secret?---Taking plenty of exercise every day .G. power B. strength C. force D. energy8.One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover myliving_____________.H. bills B. expenses C. prices D. charges9.H and his wife are of the same _____________:they both want their son to go tocollege .I. soul B. spirit C. heart D. mind .10.I can‘t say which wine is better ?It is a(n)____________of personal taste.J. affair B. event C. matter D. variety.11.The ____________shoes were covered with mud ,so I asked them to take themoff before they got into _______________.car.K. girl‘s/Tom‘s Ｂgirls‘/Toms‘ C. girls ‘/Tom‘s Dgirls‘s /Toms‘12.James took the magazine off the little table to make _____________for thetelevision.L. room B. area C. field D. position.13.All the ________have three _______each.M. hero, photo B .heros, photos C . heroes , photos D.heroes ,photos.14.Genenrally speaking ,the __________wages should be 10 percent higher than the ________>N. teachers‘/officials‘ B.teachers‘/that of officials.C.teacher‘s/official‘s D.teachers?officials.15.I don‘t like him to know that I don‘t want to be with him.,but he never gets the ________.O. message B. news C. information D. word.Part Two :1.---Henry has been teaching English in Beijing University for many years.---It‘s no ___________he can speak Chinese so well‘A.matterB. doubtC. problemD. wonder2.___________is not a long way to walk .A.Three miles‘distanceB. Three miles distanceC.Three-mile-distanceD.Three-miles distance3.I am serious .Don‘t regard it as a ___________.A. pleasureB. jokeC. foolD. fun.4.Before we moved into the new house ,we bought many ________.A. furnitureB. furnituresC. pieces of furnitureD. furniture pieces.5 .What __________it is to jump into the water to swim in the hot weather .A. a funB. funsC. the funsD. fun.6.In this strange village ,there are many small flags on the __________.A.roof.B. roofsC. roovesD.foofes7.When I gave up work I shall take a long sea __________.A. tripB. travelC. journeyD. voyage.8.In that country ,there are two glass _____________and one chemical _________.A .work s /works B. work /works C, factories ,work D.work,work9.Although Tan Weiwei began her _________by singing in a local bar, she is now a famous star.A. employmentB. professionC. occupationD.career10.It was reported that the problem had been settled without much __________.A.affectB. affairC. effectD. effort11.These trousers don‘t fit me well. Would you please show me another _______.A. setB. pairC. piece D>one12.He has spent a large _________of money on his new house .A. dealB. numberC. amountD. piece.13.Our _________protects us from the cold.A.dressB. clothingC. clothesD. cloth.14.I should like to try that coat on, for I don‘t know if it is my ___________.A. shapeB. modelC. designD. size.15.Shelly had prepared carefully for her English exam ,so that she could be sure of passing it on her first __________.A. intentionB. attemptC. purposeD. desire.Part Three.1.The mananger entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of thetickets___________.A. was bookedB. had been bookedC. were bookedD. have been booked ,2.Every possible means ___________to prevent the air pollution ,but the sky is still not clear.B. is used B. are usedC. has been usedD.have been used.3.He is the only one of the students who ___________a winner of scholar for three years.A. isB.areC. have beenD. has been4As a result of destroying the forest a large _____of desert _____covered with the landA .numbers/has B.quantity /has C. number/have Ｄquantity/have5. The teacher ,with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, ____________visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.A. wasB. wereC. had beenD. would be6. On top of the books _________the photo album you are looking for.A. isB. areC. has D> have7. Most of what has been said about the Smiths __________also true of the Johnsons.A. areB. isC. beingD. have8.The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one third _______used regularly.A. isB. are C was D. were.9 The population of Jiangsu ___________to more than twice what it was in 1949.A. has grownB. have grownC. grewD. are growing10. Either you orr one of your students ___________to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow .A. areB. isC. haveD.be .11.A survey of the opinions of experts_ _______that three hours of outdoor exercise a week ___________good for oen‘s health.A. show/areB. shows/isC.show/isD.shows/are12. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ____________rising steadilysince 1990.A.isB. areC. has beenD. have been13.---Is everyone here?----Not yet-------look,there __________the rest of our guests.A. comeB. comesC. is comingD. are coming14.It is reported that many a new house ___________at present in the disaster area.A. are being builtB. were being builtC. was being builtD. is being built.15. Buying clothes ___________a hard job because the clothes a person likes _______not very offen fit him.A. are, doB. is ,doesC. are ,doesD. is ,doPart Four1.He is the only one of the students who __________abroad.A. have goneB. has goneC. are goingD. is going to2.Do you know the singer and dancer who ________at the gate?B. is standing B. are standingC. is standD. standing3.Mike ,what did our monitor say just now ?Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who _________to visit the musem ________asked to at the school gate before 6:30 in the morning .C. is ,is B. are, are C. is ,areD. are, is4.The city government is planning to build a new factory to deal with rubbish, but when andwhere to start _________.D. hasn‘t been decided B. haven‘t decided C. isn‘t being decided D. aren‘t decided5.___________either of your parents come to see you recently?E. Have B.Had C. Has D. Is6.They both have some friends ,but his _________more active .F. is B. will be C. was D. are7.Dou you think fifty dollars __________enough for a chair? I don‘t have much money withme . A. is B. are c. has D. have8.Films , __________the one you told me about yesterday or one that will be on ,________notworth seeing .G. including ,is B. as well as ,are C. besides ,is D. such as, are9. More than one student ,along with some parents, _______quizzed for information on the reference book so far. A was B. were C. have been D. has been10. What the science teacher does and say ________of great importance to college students.A. wasB. areC. isD. were11．A large _______of money is spent on the Hope Project and a good many schools _______set up..A. amount ,has been B. amount ,have been C.number ,has been D. deal, have beenge quantities of information ,as well as some timely help ________since the organization was built. A. has offered B. had been offered C. have been offered D. is offered.13.To play basketball and to go swimming _____good for character training.A. wasB. isC. areD. were.14.Nowdays a large number of women ,especially those from the countryside ,________in the clothing industry.A. is workingB. worksC. workD. worked15.Chairman Mao‖s works _________published.A. has beenB. have been .Ｃwas D. is .1—5 DBBDA 6—10 CDBDC 11—15 CACAA 1—5 DABCD 6—10 BDADD 11-15 BCCDB 1—5 BCABA 6—10ABDAB 11—15 BCADC 1—5 BADAC 6—10DADDB 11—15BCCCB第二讲: 冠词考点：冠词的基本用法。