2019年高考真题阅读理解剖析
2019年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解深度剖析
一、2019 全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解主题语境及语篇来源分析2019 全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解包括应用文一篇，夹叙夹议文一篇，说明文两篇。
主题语境涵盖人与自我、人与社会、人与自然，突出反映文学艺术、公益事业与人际沟通、个人与社区生活、人类与宇宙探索等方面。
语篇来源A篇： 2013 英国的 Old Joe（一本面向伯明翰大学校友的官方杂志）B篇： 2017 美国的 the Week （《周刊报道》）C篇： 2015 年美国的 The Palm Beach Post （《棕榈滩邮报》，美国本土媒体）D篇： 2017 年美国的 Newsweek（《新闻周刊》）。
2019 高考英语全国Ⅰ卷阅读语篇原文的发为避免偏颇、误导读者，笔者还查阅了表时间和来源：语篇来源A 篇： 2019 年加拿大安大略政府官网B 篇： 2015 年美国 National Public Radio （国家公共广播电台）C篇： 2015 年美国 Newsweek（新闻周刊）D篇： 2017 年美国 NewYork Times（纽约时报）总观 2019 年全国Ⅱ卷和全国Ⅰ卷，可以说高考命题阅读理解语篇选材有着共同倾向：主题语境几乎占据绝对主导地位，选材时段服从主题语境需要。
选材具有时代感，但不要求绝对新鲜。
二、 2019 年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解语篇维度分析语篇体裁和主题语境A 篇依然为应用文。
主题语境为人与社会，主要内容是作家Jo Usmar 结合自己阅读感受推荐喜爱书目。
2019 年Ⅱ卷 A 篇没有延用 2018 年Ⅱ卷 A 篇阅读的表格形式，而是与 2016、2017 年一样，采用纯文字非连续性读本。
而更早的 2015 年全国Ⅱ卷 A 篇尚为连续性读本，记叙文。
B篇为夹叙夹议文，主题语境为人与社会，主要内容是通过“我”劝说原本不愿意的家长参加长曲棍球俱乐部、做志愿者的经历以及由此引发的新思考：志愿者活动在“我”看来可以是帮助他人，同时也快乐自己的“自私”行为。
【深度解析高考真题】2019年全国统一高考语文试卷(新课标ⅲ)
2019年全国统一高考语文试卷（新课标Ⅲ）一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读1．（9分）阅读下面的文字，完成答题。
传统表演艺术是我国非物质文化遗产的重要组成部分，同时也是一座蕴藏丰富、有待进一步开发利用的民族民间艺术资源宝库。
经过十几年的努力，一些传统表演艺术项目已走出困境，呈现出新的生机与活力，但仍有一些项目面临着不容忽视的新问题。
传统表演艺术与普通民众生活息息相关，其表演通常具有群体性特征：无论侗族大歌还是壮族山歌，人人都可展示歌喉；无论汉族的秧歌，还是藏民的锅庄，民众欢乐起舞的场面都蔚为大观。
对这类非物质文化遗产的保护就要坚持其生活性、群体性，而不应仅局限在艺术团体或演出队等小范围内。
广大民众为庆贺丰收、祭祖敬神、禳灾祈福而载歌载舞的即兴表演，寄托着他们深沉的精神追求和丰富情感。
使传统表演艺术“雅化”，固然能彰显各类民族民间艺术的特色，但也弱化了传统表演艺术的民俗文化内涵。
当然，各类民间表演艺术经过充分提炼和艺术升华，进而搬上舞台，其成功之作会对此类非物质文化遗产的传播起到促进作用。
如春晚舞台上，藏族舞蹈《飞弦踏春》、蒙古族舞蹈《吉祥颂》等都曾大放异彩。
然而，在对民间表演艺术进行再创作的过程中，有些实施者没有坚持本真性的原则，将一些传统艺术改编得面目全非。
比如，有些人在改造民乐时套用西方音乐编排方式，被改编的作品便失了自身的魂魄。
因此，对民族民间传统艺术进行“二度创作”，应既不失其本真的艺术特性，又科学地融入现代元素，适应民众新的审美需求。
要做到这一点就需要编导们深谙民间表演艺术的特性，并能进行实地调研、采风，挖掘出民间艺术的基本元素与本质精神。
各种传统表演艺术都是在特定时空中呈现的，靠其演出行为形成艺术作品，实现艺术价值。
这类非物质文化遗产的特性决定了应对其实施活态传承与保护，使之以鲜活形态生存于民间。
在非物质文化遗产抢救保护实践中，有些地区视保存为保护，重视硬件设施，各类场馆及专题博物馆建设颇具规模，民间收集来的各种乐器、道具、面具、服装等都得到妥善收藏。
2019年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解深度剖析
一、2019全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解主题语境及语篇来源分析2019全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解包括应用文一篇，夹叙夹议文一篇，说明文两篇。
主题语境涵盖人与自我、人与社会、人与自然，突出反映文学艺术、公益事业与人际沟通、个人与社区生活、人类与宇宙探索等方面。
语篇来源A篇：2013英国的Old Joe（一本面向伯明翰大学校友的官方杂志）B篇：2017美国的the Week（《周刊报道》）C篇：2015年美国的The Palm Beach Post（《棕榈滩邮报》，美国本土媒体）D篇：2017年美国的Newsweek（《新闻周刊》）。
为避免偏颇、误导读者，笔者还查阅了2019高考英语全国Ⅰ卷阅读语篇原文的发表时间和来源：语篇来源A篇：2019年加拿大安大略政府官网B篇：2015年美国National Public Radio（国家公共广播电台）C篇：2015年美国Newsweek（新闻周刊）D篇：2017年美国NewYork Times（纽约时报）总观2019年全国Ⅱ卷和全国Ⅰ卷，可以说高考命题阅读理解语篇选材有着共同倾向：主题语境几乎占据绝对主导地位，选材时段服从主题语境需要。
选材具有时代感，但不要求绝对新鲜。
二、2019年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解语篇维度分析语篇体裁和主题语境A 篇依然为应用文。
主题语境为人与社会，主要内容是作家Jo Usmar结合自己阅读感受推荐喜爱书目。
2019年Ⅱ卷A篇没有延用2018年Ⅱ卷A篇阅读的表格形式，而是与2016、2017年一样，采用纯文字非连续性读本。
而更早的2015年全国Ⅱ卷A篇尚为连续性读本，记叙文。
B篇为夹叙夹议文，主题语境为人与社会，主要内容是通过“我”劝说原本不愿意的家长参加长曲棍球俱乐部、做志愿者的经历以及由此引发的新思考：志愿者活动在“我”看来可以是帮助他人，同时也快乐自己的“自私”行为。
语篇以广阔的视角真实地反映欧美社会思想潮流的变化，也体现了立德树人与思辨能力并重的新课标指导思想。
2019年高考语文全国Ⅲ卷试题详解
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（Ⅲ卷）语文参考答案及试题解析1. C 此题考查原文内容的理解和分析能力。
解答此类题要把握文中的基本概念和重要信息，提取并整合最能表达作者写作意图或文章主旨的语句，阐释或归纳文中的主要内容。
解答是应先从原文中找到与选项相关的阅读区间，然后与选项的表述仔细比对，看是否一致；同时还要了解错误表述设置的一般思路，比如张冠李戴、无中生有、混淆时态、以偏概全、曲解文意等等。
C项“以防失去原有风格”分析错误，对传统艺术进行西式改编，将会失去的是“本真的艺术特性”。
故选C。
2. C 本题考查学生对文章论证的分析能力。
答题时注意分析文章的结构思路，中心论点和分论点的关系，论点和论据之间的关系，论证方法的类型，重点考核论点是否正确，论据证明的是什么观点和论证的方法。
C项，文章没有对“场馆建设和数字化保存”作比较，因为二者都是对非物质文化遗产的保存，都不是保护。
故选C。
3. D 此题考查把握文章内容、分析作者观点态度的能力。
此种归纳内容要点和分析作者观点态度的题目，解答时应先根据选项确定原文信息所在的位置，然后将选项和原文进行比较，并结合上下文语境进行判断。
A项，“使其‘雅化’意味着脱离原生的环境，很难获得成功”说法错误，原文只是说“（使其‘雅化’）弱化了传统表演艺术的民俗文化内涵”，对能否获得成功，并未有明确的说明。
B项，“民间各种自发的载歌载舞活动都是传统表演艺术的一部分”说法缺少根据，文章中只是说“广大民众为庆贺丰收、祭祖敬神、禳灾祈福而载歌载舞的即兴表演” 是传统表演艺术的一部分，有很强的民俗色彩。
并非所有的自发的载歌载舞活动。
C项，“将其物质载体作固态展示则没有价值”说法错误，原文说这样“能较好地保存民间表演艺术的物质载体”。
故选D。
4. A 此题考查考生筛选整合文中信息和把握文章内容要点的能力。
解答这类题型，学生首先要通读全文，粗知大意，理清基本思路；其次细读题干，明确问题，回归原文；最后对选项中的句子进行观察，遇到涉及有因果关系的选项时，在原文中找出相关的句子，仔细分析有无因果关系，或者是否是因果倒置，最后将选项和原文及题干细心比照判断。
2019年高考英语全国新课标Ⅲ卷阅读理解解题分析
技法点拨2019年高考英语全国新课标Ⅲ卷阅读理解解题分析■罗孝军摘要：对于高考英语学科而言，得阅读者得天下，通过对2019年高考全国新课标Ⅲ卷阅读理解的命题和解题分析，发现英语高考更加注重对学生语言综合运用能力、归纳总结能力以及批判性思维能力的考查。
为了使学生能够更有针对性地备考和应考，本文就2019年高考全国新课标Ⅲ卷阅读理解题型进行解题分析，希望对相关教育工作者提供参考性建议。
关键词：高考英语；新课标；阅读理解；解题分析一、考查全面、题材鲜活，突出语言的工具性2019年的高考英语阅读考点分布均匀稳定，充分体现“基础性、综合性、应用性、创新性”的特点，突出语言能力考查以及英语语言的实际运用能力。
具体来说，基础知识涵盖全面：2019年的高考试题语篇体裁稳定，包含应用文、说明文、议论文等。
题材涵盖社会现实和科学发现，更多地体现人文关怀、科学探索等。
阅读理解的题目既有信息查找、表层理解转换的细节题，也有推理判断、概括提炼的有一定难度的考题，保证了一定的区分度。
对于语法的弱化现象明显，篇章中对语法浅尝辄止，并没有涉及高级语法。
同时，在话题方面，涉及了大众娱乐、中国文化、社会经济和科学探索，丰富、真实的语篇有利于考查考生在多种情境中的综合语言运用能力和对篇章结构的分析能力。
二、强调英语思辨能力，考察对语言的概括能力2019年新课标Ⅲ卷试题重点强调了英语的思辨能力尤其是语言的概括提炼能力。
其提问方式主要有：What is the suit-able title for the passage?What is the passage mainly about?例如阅读B 篇27题：27.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Young Models Selling Dreams to the World B.A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New YorkC.Differences Between Eastern and Western AestheticsD.Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends 这种题型不仅考查了逻辑推断能力，同时也要求学生对主旨大意的概括能力有较高的要求，也就是要求具有一定的篇章理解能力，这对基础薄弱的考生有一定的挑战。
2019年新高考I卷英语语篇分析题目解析
2019年新高考I卷英语语篇分析题目解析新高考英语I卷是许多高中学生备考新高考时常遇到的试卷之一。
通过对2019年新高考I卷英语语篇的分析和解析，我们可以更好地理解试卷的出题方式和考查点，帮助学生有效备考。
第一部分：阅读理解本部分共有三篇阅读理解，涵盖不同主题和题型。
每篇文章后面都有相应的问题。
以下是对每篇文章和问题的解析建议：Passage 1: "The Benefits of Music Education"在这篇文章中，作者介绍了音乐教育的益处。
问题涉及到对文章内容的理解和推断。
在解答问题时，学生应注意从文章中找到相关的信息和细节，同时注意问题中的关键词，以便准确回答问题。
Passage 2: "The Impact of Social Media on Teenagers"本文主要讲述了社交媒体对青少年的影响。
问题类型涉及到主旨理解和推理能力的考察。
解答问题时，学生需要仔细阅读文章中的观点和实例，从中推断作者的意图和观点，并进行分析和解答。
Passage 3: "Tips for Effective Time Management"这篇文章主要提供了一些建议来帮助人们进行有效的时间管理。
问题类型主要包括对文章内容的理解和细节的捕捉。
在回答问题时，学生需要注意文章中的关键信息和建议，并将其应用到问题中，给出准确的答案。
第二部分：完形填空完形填空是英语语言能力综合考察的一种方式。
通过阅读并理解一篇文学作品或故事，然后选择合适的单词或短语填入空格中，以使整个短文内容连贯、完整。
完形填空涉及到词汇与语法的综合运用，也需要阅读者一定的逻辑思维。
在解答完形填空题时，学生应该先通读整篇文章，了解大意和主题。
然后，再逐个空格进行选择填写，并结合上下文语境进行推断和判断。
学生还应注意选项中的词义辨析，同时在选择时需要保持整篇文章的逻辑连贯。
第三部分：任务型阅读任务型阅读是新高考英语中的重要题型之一。
2019年福建卷高考英语阅读题真题解析
2019年福建卷高考英语阅读题真题解析本文将对2019年福建卷高考英语阅读题的真题进行解析，帮助考生更好地理解和应对这些题目。
通过本文的阅读，您将了解到每道题目的解题思路和技巧，并提供必要的参考答案。
第一篇阅读理解第一篇阅读理解题目如下：Passage 1A new study suggests that laughter can help people tolerate pain. Researchers at Oxford University in the UK asked volunteers to watch either a comedy, such as a Mr. Bean video, or a nature documentary. Then the volunteers had to take a series of short, but painful, electric shocks.The results show that people who laughed before the shocks could tolerate the pain for nearly 50 percent longer than those who didn't laugh."Laughter is a highly complex process. It stretches muscles, changes blood pressure, and boosts the immune system," said the lead researcher. "We think that laughter stimulates the release of endorphins, which are the body's natural painkillers."Laughter is already known to release endorphins, and this study supports the popular belief that "laughter is the best medicine."Question 1: What was the purpose of the study conducted by Oxford University?答案解析：这道题目问的是牛津大学进行这项研究的目的。
2019年高考英语真题阅读理解专题(有详细解析)
2019年高考英语真题阅读理解整理（有详细解析）（一）1.Sunday ,31 AugustWe’ve been in China for a month now. Dad, Mom, Harry and I moved to Tianjin on 25 August. We’re not very far from Beijing. Two days ago, we celebrated my 16th birthday. It was great celebrating in China;the only thing that was strange was the cake一here they’re not as sweet as the ones in New York. On Monday school starts—I wonder what it will be like.Monday, 1 SeptemberOn my first day I was looking around for a locker to put my books in. However,here all the students keep all of their books at their desks. We stay in the same classroom because apparently we don’t have to go from class to class—teachers come to us!Today we selected teacher assistants for each subject. Their duties are to collect homework, make announcements, and do other stuff for the teachers and the students. It’s kind of a big deal here! Since I am from the US, I was asked to be the English assistant. I felt so proud but quite nervous at the s ame time because I wasn’t sure what I had to do,but I accepted the job anyway. Friday ,3 OctoberBoy, what a week! Now we have nine classes every day, including the morning class, a combination of our American schools “ Homeroom ” and “ Study Hall ”. I think Chinese students work too much! I have to do my 、homework when I get back home. I don’t even have time to watch TV or surf the Internet like before. I sometimes miss New York and my school because we didn’t have to study so much. We had more time to hang out with our classmates and neighbors; here, besides their usual classes, students are involved in weekend classes in subjects such as English, Chinese and math.I get a lot of attention, being from another country. Everyone wants to practice English with me!A really cute girl even asked me for my phone number on my second day and sent me a text message! I’m making a lot more friends now. I just need a lot of help to improve my Chinese. Some students want to do a language exchange program with me. Nice!1.The passage mentions all the following points EXCEPT _______ .A.physics studyB.food flavourC.free time activitiesnguage exchange programs2.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the teacher assistant’s duty?A.Collecting homework.B.Making announcements.C.Helping teachers with small errands (差事).D.Teaching classmates.3.Where is this passage most probably from?A.A storybook.B.A guide book.C.A diary.D.A magazine.4.The passage is best described by _______ .A.culture shockB.multi-cultureC.unique cultureD.cultural background2. Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up ahill for a panoramic(全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take justone picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didn’t want to mess with that.Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I don’t even know has been immortalized(使……永存). In some ways, she lives in my house.Perhaps we all live in each others’ spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.1.What happened when the author was about to take a photo?A.Her camera stopped working.B.A woman blocked her view.C.Someone asked her to leave.D.A friend approached from behind.2.According to the author, the woman was probably___________.A.enjoying herselfB.losing her patienceC.waiting for the sunsetD.thinking about her past3.In the author’s opinion, what makes the photo s o alive?A.The rich color of the landscape.B.The perfect positioning of the camera.C.The woman's existence in the photo.D.The soft sunlight that summer day4.The photo on the bedroom wall enables the author to better understand ____________.A.the need to be close to natureB.the importance of private spaceC.the joy of the vacation in ItalyD.the shared passion for beauty5.The passage can be seen as the author’s reflections upon _____________.A.a particular life experienceB.the pleasure of travelingC.the art of photographyD.a lost friendship3. Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75-year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the building’s end.The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-be to the old building. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete. He added that the theater’s location (位置) was also a reason. “This used to be the center of town,” he said. “Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.”Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned because offinancial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.The theater audience said good-bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater has shown its last movie. The theater will be missed.1.In what way was yesterday’s cleanup at the Plaza special?A.It made room for new equipment.B.It signaled the closedown of the theater.C.It was done with the help of the audience.D.It marked the 75th anniversary of the theater.2.Why was The Last Picture Show put on?A.It was an all-time classic.B.It was about the history of the town.C.The audience requested it.D.The theater owner found it suitable.3.What will probably happen to the building?A.It will be repaired.B.It will be turned into a museum.C.It will be knocked down.D.It will be sold to the city government.4.What can we infer about the audience?A.They are disappointed with Bradford.B.They are sad to part with the old theater.C.They are supportive of the city officials.D.They are eager to have a shopping center.4. Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of person's intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.1.Which of these sentences best describes the writer’s point in Paragraph 1?A.To some extent, intelligence is given at birth.B.Intelligence is developed by the environment.C.Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment.D.Some people are born clever and others born stupid.2.It is suggested in this passage that_______.A.the closer the blood relationship between people, the more different they are likely to be in intelligenceB.unrelated people are not likely to have different intelligenceC.close relation usually have similar intelligenceD.people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence3.The phrase “at random”(Line3, para.2) means _______ .A.purposelyB.frequentlyC.independentlyD.aimlessly4.The best title for this article would be_______.A.On IntelligenceB.What Dose Intelligence Mean ?C.We Are Born with IntelligenceD.Environment Plays a Part in Developing Intelligence5. In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719—but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy(识字) rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the na mes of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.”Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim— were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon(名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ s tyle of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it’s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.1.Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A.They were difficult to understand.B.They were popular among the rich.C.They were seen as nearly worthless.D.They were written mostly by women.2.Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress________.A.his reputation in FranceB.his interest in modern artC.his success in publicationD.his importance in literature3.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A.To remember a great writer.B.To introduce an English novel.C.To encourage studies on culture.D.To promote values of the Victorian age.6. Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you’ll h ave no trouble answering these questions.Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child’s day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的) to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walkedahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they’d felt cold water at first.Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a "ruby-crowned kinglet" and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.The pressures of "time" and "destination" are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a mome nt to see what’s around them. I asked them what they’d seen. "Oh, a few birds," they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.1.According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more _____________.A.anxious to do wondersB.sensitive to others' feelingsC.likely to develop unpleasant habitsD.eager to explore the world around them2.What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?A.To avoid jumping to conclusions.B.To stop complaining all the time.C.To follow the teacher's advice.D.To admit mistakes honestly.3.The bird watchers’ behavior shows that they __________.A.are very patient in their observationB.are really fascinated by natureC.care only about the names of birdsD.question the accuracy of the field guides4.Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?A.The natural beauty isn't attractive to them.B.They focus on arriving at the camp in time.C.The forest in the dark is dangerous for them.D.They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.5.In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should __________.A.fill our senses to feel the wonders of the worldB.get rid of some bad habits in our daily lifeC.open our mind to new things and ideasD.try our best to protect nature7. Long bus rides are like television shows. They have a beginning, a middle, and an end with commercials thrown in every three or four minutes. The commercials are unavoidable. They happen whether you want them or not. Every couple of minutes a billboard glides by outside the bus window. "Buy Super Clean Toothpaste.” Drink Good Wet Root Beer.” Fill up with Pacific Gas.” Only if you sleep, which is equal to turning the television set off, are you spared the unending cry of "You Need It! Buy It Now!"The beginning of the ride is comfortable and so mewhat exciting, even if you’ve traveled that way before. Usually some things have changed new houses, new buildings, sometimes even a new road. The bus driver has a style of driving and it’s fun to try to figure it out the first hour or so. If the driver is particularly reckless (鲁莽的) or daring, the ride can be as thrilling (惊心动魄的) as a suspense story. Will the driver pass the truck in time? Will the driver move into the right or the left hand lane? After a while, of course, the excitement dies down. Sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride. Food always makes bus rides more interesting. But you’ve got to be careful of what kind of food you eat. Too much salty food can make you very thirsty between stops.The end of the ride is somew hat like the beginning. You know it will soon be over and there’s a kind of expectation and excitement in that. The seat of course, has become harder as the hours have passed. By now you’ve sat with your legs crossed, with your hands in your lap, with yourhands on the armrests even with your hands crossed behind your head. The end comes just at no more ways to sit.1.According to the passage, what do the passengers usually see when they are on a long bus trip?A.Advertisements on the billboards.B.Films on television.C.Buses on the road.D.Gas stations.2.What is the purpose of this passage?A.To give the writer’s opinion about long bus trips.B.To persuade you to take a long bus trip.C.To explain how bus trips and television shows differ.D.To describe the billboards along the road.3.The writer of this passage would probably favor .A.bus drivers who aren’t recklessB.driving aloneC.a television set on the busD.no billboards along the road4.The writer feels long bus rides are like TV shows because .A.the commercials both on TV shows and on billboards along the road are funB.they both have a beginning, a middle, and an end, with commercials in betweenC.the drivers are always reckless on TV shows just as they are on busesD.both traveling and watching TV are not exciting.5.The writer thinks that the end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning because both are.fortableB.excitingC.tiringD.boring（二）1. A year ago, a couple with three children moved into the apartment next door to me. I never heard any noise from the children, but the parents were always yelling at them.We often met and I always spoke, but the only answer I ever got was a hello from a four-year old girl. One day when I returned they were just coming back to their apartment and the little girl was holding the door in the hall open for the others. I remained in the car doing unnecessary things. The parents were telling her to hurry. I looked up and saw the little girl was still holding the door open, waiting for me.So I hurried as much as I could and thanked her. She was smiling from ear to ear.That afternoon I was at the K-Mart and I saw a white teddy bear. I thought of the little girl and said to myse lf, “I bet she would like it.” So I bought it for her.The next day there was a knock on the door and it was the little girl and her father. She was so proud of her bear and thanked me. Then I noticed her mother and the other children were there in the hall, too.Now when we meet in the hall we all speak in a friendly manner. Last night we had about 4 inches of snow. The temperature was below zero. When I opened the outside door, there was my car with all the snow removed. The man next door was the only person I knew in the whole building, so when I saw him the next day, I asked him if he was the nice person that removed the snow. He said NO. He wanted to, but his wife said she would do it.Isn’t it amazing that the small kind act of a 4-year-old girl can change so many things for the better?1.The author bought a teddy bear to _____A.show off his wealthB.express his thanksC.please his neighborD.refuse the help2.Who removed the snow on the author’s car?A.the girlB.the girl’s fatherC.the gi rl’s motherD.both the girl’s father and mother3.The passage is _____________.A.sympathetic(同情的)B.humorousC.warmD.frightening4.What does the author want to tell us through the passage?A.little children should be polite to their neighbors.B.More good things come from small acts.C.Your neighbors are not as bad as you think.D.Things can be changed as a consequence of removing snow.2. Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street? Perhaps they were busy talking, texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising, they have been given a new name — phubbers(低头族).Recently, a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones. A doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die, a pretty woman takes selfie(自拍照)in front of a car accident site, and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.Although the ending sounds overstated, the damage phubbing can bring is real. Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it. “Constantly bending your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck,” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying. “the neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching.” Also, staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report.But that’s not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. At reunions with family or friends, many people tend to stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.It can also cost you your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight.1.For what purpose does the author give the example of a cartoon in Paragragh2?A.To advertise the cartoon made by students.B.To inform people of the bad effects of phubbing.C.To indicate the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers.D.To warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients.2.Which of the following is NOT a risk a phubber may have?A.His social skills could be affected.B.He will cause the destruction of the world.C.His neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed.D.He might get separated from his friends and family.3.Which of the following may be the author’s attitude towards phubbing?A.Objective.B.Supportive.C.Optimistic.D.Opposed.4.What may the passage talk about next?A.Advice on how to use a cell phone.B.People who are addicted to phubbing.C.The possible consequences of phubbing.D.Measures to reduce the risks of phubbing.3. Before birth,babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices.They can even distinguish their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger.But when it comes to embryonic learning(胎教),birds could rule the roost.As recently reported in The Auk:OrnithologicalAdrances,some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch(孵化)。
2019年高考真题全国3卷语文Word版含解析
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文一、现代文阅读（一）论述类文本阅读阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。
对城市而言，文明弹性是一个城市体在生存、创新、适应、应变等方面的综合状态、综合能力，是公共性与私人性之间、多样性与共同性之间、稳定性与变迁性之间、柔性与刚性之间的动态和谐，过于绵柔、松散，或者过于刚硬、密集，都是弹性不足或丧失的表现，是城市体出现危机的表征。
当代城市社会，尤其需要关注以下文明弹性问题。
其一，空间弹性。
城市具有良好空间弹性的一个重要表现，是空间的私人性与公共性关系能够得到较为合理的处理。
任何城市空间都是私人性与公共性的统一，空间弹性的核心问题，就是如何实现空间的公共性与私人性的有机统一、具体转换。
片面地强调空间的公共性或片面地强调空间的私人性，都会使城市发展失去基础，目前，人们更多地要求空间的私人性，注重把空间固化为永恒的私人所有物、占有物。
这种以私人化为核心的空间固化倾向，造成城市空间弹性不足，正在成为制约城市发展的一个重要原因。
其二，制度弹性，一种较为理想的、有弹性的城市制度，是能够在秩序与活力、生存与发展间取得相对平衡的制度。
城市有其发展周期、发展阶段，对一个正在兴起的城市而言，其主要任务是聚集更多的发展资源、激活发展活力，而对一个已经发展起来的城市而言，人们会更为注重城市制度的稳定功能。
但问题在于，即使是正在崛起的城市，也需要面对秩序与稳定的问题；即使是一个已经发展起来的城市，也需要面对新活力的激活问题。
过于注重某种形式的城市制度，过于注重城市制度的某种目标，都是城市制度弹性不足，走向僵化的表现，都会妨害城市发展。
其二，制度弹性。
一种较为理想的、有弹性的城市制度，是能够在秩序与活力、生存与发展间取得相对平衡的制度。
城市有其发展周期、发展阶段，对一个正在兴起的城市而言，其主要任务是聚集更多的发展资源、激活发展活力。
而对一个已经发展起来的城市而言，人们会更为注重城市制度的稳定功能。
但问题在于，即使是正在崛起的城市，也需要面对秩序与稳定的问题；即使是一个已经发展起来的城市，也需要面对新活力的激活问题。
2019年全国Ⅱ卷文学类阅读真题详解
【2019年全国Ⅱ卷文学类阅读高考真题】阅读下面的文字,完成后面的题目。
小步舞[法]莫泊桑①大灾大难不会让我悲伤。
我目睹过战争,人类的残酷暴行令我们发出恐惧和愤怒的呐喊,但绝不会令我们像看到某些让人感伤的小事那样背上起鸡皮疙瘩。
有那么两三件事至今清晰地呈现在我眼前,它们像针扎似的,在我的内心深处留下又细又长的创伤。
我就跟您讲讲其中的一件吧。
【以战争中人类的残酷暴行进行对比,更突出“两三件事”给“我”留下的创伤之深,勾起读者的好奇心——什么小事比战争更让作者受伤?】第一部分:序幕。
让人感伤的小事,在“我”的内心深处留下创伤。
有点多愁善感,不太喜欢喧闹。
我最喜爱的享受之一,就是早上独自一人散步。
③这是一座似乎被人遗忘的上个世纪的（应该是法国大革命爆发(1789年7月14日)前的时间。
）花园, 一座像老妇人的温柔微笑一样依然美丽的花园。
绿篱隔出一条条狭窄、规整的小径,显得非常幽静。
在这迷人的小树林里,有一个角落完全被蜜蜂占据。
它们的小窝坐落在木板上,朝着太阳打开顶针般大的小门。
走在小路上,随时都能看到嗡嗡叫的金黄色的蜜蜂,它们是这片和平地带真正的主人,清幽小径上真正的漫步者。
【注意“我”与主人公相遇地点的历史意义——曾经的皇家花园。
写景中不经意间涉及的宏大历史背景——蜜蜂们(芸芸众生的象征)如今是这片土地真正的主人。
花园幽静的背后,是曾经波澜壮阔的法国大革命背景。
结合背景读完全文,才更容易明白为什么舞蹈师的怀旧会给“我”带来创伤。
】④我不久就发现,经常到这里来的不只我一人。
我有时也会迎面遇上一个小老头儿。
【老头儿出场。
】⑤他穿一双带银扣的皮鞋、一条带遮门襟的短套裤和一件棕褐色的长礼服,戴一顶长绒毛宽檐的怪诞的灰礼帽,想必是太古年代的古董。
【外貌描写:“带银扣的皮鞋”“短套裤”“长礼服”等,是十八世纪法国宫廷装束的典型特征(洛可可服饰)。
用特征鲜明的服饰凸显人物的怀旧心理。
】⑥他长得很瘦,几乎是皮包骨头;他爱做鬼脸,也常带微笑。
2019年全国卷高考英语阅读题真题解析
2019年全国卷高考英语阅读题真题解析英语阅读是高考中的重要部分，对考生的阅读理解能力和语言运用能力都有着很高的要求。
下面将对2019年全国卷高考英语阅读题真题进行解析，帮助考生更好地理解和应对类似题型。
Reading ComprehensionSection AText 1解析:本文是一篇关于互联网购物的文章。
文章首先提到了互联网购物的益处，例如方便、快捷等。
接着提出了一些争议问题，例如商品质量、不适合互联网销售的商品等。
最后，作者以自己的观点来总结，认为互联网购物是未来发展的趋势，并给出了原因和证据。
根据上述内容，可以将本文分为以下几个部分进行解析：互联网购物的益处商品质量和不适合互联网销售的商品的争议问题互联网购物的未来发展趋势互联网购物的益处这一部分主要对互联网购物的益处进行了陈述，例如方便、快捷、选择丰富等。
作者通过列举互联网购物的好处来引起读者对这一话题的兴趣，并为后面的争议问题做铺垫。
商品质量和不适合互联网销售的商品的争议问题作者在这一部分提出了一些争议问题，例如商品质量和不适合互联网销售的商品。
作者以两个问题为例来展开讨论。
对于商品质量问题，作者认为可以通过社交媒体、网上评论等方式避免购买到劣质产品。
对于不适合互联网销售的商品，作者认为可以通过线下渠道进行销售。
这一部分的目的是为了引发读者对互联网购物的思考，并准备了下一部分的讨论。
互联网购物的未来发展趋势在这一部分，作者以自己的观点来总结讨论。
作者认为互联网购物是未来的发展趋势。
作者给出了一些原因和证据来支持自己的观点，例如电子商务的快速发展、线上购物习惯的形成等。
通过以上解析，我们可以清晰地看到文章的结构和内容要点。
这样的解析方法能帮助考生更好地理解和应对类似的阅读题型，提高阅读理解能力。
Section BText 2解析:本文是一篇关于环境保护的文章。
文章以环境恶化的状况为引子，通过对环境问题的描述和对现有保护措施的批评，呼吁读者重视环境保护，并提出了一些建议和解决方案。
2019年上海卷高考英语阅读题真题解析
2019年上海卷高考英语阅读题真题解析在本文中，我们将对2019年上海卷高考英语阅读题进行解析和答案分析。
通过细致的分析和解读，帮助同学们更好地理解和掌握考试内容，从而更好地备考。
Passage 1文章1主要介绍了一个新兴的旅游目的地——南非，讲述了该地的美丽风光和悠久历史。
文章通过回答一系列问题帮助读者更好地了解南非。
问题1: 为什么南非逐渐成为最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一？答案解析: 南非有迷人的自然风光，包括壮丽的山脉、海岸线和丰富的野生动物。
此外，南非还有悠久的历史和丰富的文化。
这些都使得南非逐渐受到游客的喜爱。
问题2: 南非提供了哪些独特的旅游体验？答案解析: 南非不仅有各种各样的自然景观，还有丰富多样的旅游活动，如在国家公园观赏野生动物、沿着壮丽的海岸线驾驶等。
南非还提供了参观历史古迹和文化遗址的机会。
Passage 2文章2主要讨论了在线购物对传统商业的影响。
文章指出，虽然在线购物提供了便利和多样性，但也给实体店铺带来了许多挑战。
问题1: 在线购物的优势是什么？答案解析: 在线购物有许多优势，如方便快捷、多样的商品选择、灵活的支付方式等。
此外，网上购物还能节省时间和精力。
问题2: 实体店铺面临的挑战有哪些？答案解析: 由于在线购物的兴起，越来越多的人选择在网上购物，这给传统实体店带来了挑战。
实体店面临着销售额下降、经营困难等问题。
Passage 3文章3介绍了濒危动物的问题。
文章强调了濒危动物保护的重要性，并提出了保护濒危动物的措施。
问题1: 为什么保护濒危动物很重要？答案解析: 濒危动物是生态系统中不可或缺的一部分，它们对于维持生态平衡和生物多样性至关重要。
保护濒危动物可以保护生态环境，维护地球的可持续发展。
问题2: 保护濒危动物的措施有哪些？答案解析: 保护濒危动物需要采取多种措施，比如加强法律保护、建立自然保护区、开展宣传教育等。
此外，国际间的合作也是保护濒危动物的关键。
结语通过对2019年上海卷高考英语阅读题的解析，我们可以看到考试主要涉及旅游、商业和环保等方面的话题。
2019年高考试题-语文(全国新i卷)解析版
2019 年高考试题 - 语文（全国新i 卷）分析版注意事项：认真阅读理解，联合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思虑，多理解！不论是单项选择、多项选择仍是阐述题，最重要的就是看清题意。
在阐述题中，问题大多拥有委婉性，特别是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增添了考试难度。
考生要认真阅读题目中供给的有限资料，明确观察重点，最大限度的发掘资猜中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾勒出来，方便频频细读。
只有经过认真斟酌，推测命题老师的企图，踊跃联想知识点，剖析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。
2018 年一般高等学校招生全国一致考试语文本卷须知1. 本试卷分第一卷〔阅读题〕和第二卷〔表达题〕两部分。
第一卷 1 至 8 页，第二卷9 至10 页。
2.答题前，考生务势必自己的姓名、准考据号填写在本试题相应的地点。
3.所有答案在答题卡上达成，答在本试题上无效。
4.考试结束，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。
第一卷阅读题甲必考题【一】现代文阅读〔9 分，每题 3 分〕阅读下边的文字，达成1~3 题老子其人其书的时代，自司马迁《史记》以来只有异说，清朝学者崇尚考据，对此谈论纷繁，如汪中作《老子考异》，力主老子为战国时人，益启争端。
钱穆先生说：“老子伪迹不彰，实情大白，那么先秦诸子学术思想之系统条贯一直不明，其源流门派终无可言. ”大家都期望这个问题有新的解决线索.过去对于古书真伪及年月的谈论，只好以资料证明纸上资料，没有其余的权衡标准，因而难有定论。
用来印证《老子》的古书，大多收到辨伪家的思疑，年月确不行移的，唯恐要数到《林非子》。
《吕氏春秋》和《淮南子》，但这几木书戍书太晚，没有多少作用. 最近几年战国秦汉简帛侠籍大黄出上，为学术界供给了很多前所未见的地下资料，这使我们有可能从头考虑《老子》的时代问题。
1973 牛长沙马王堆三亏汉基出土的串书，内有《老子》两种版本，甲本字体比较早，不避汉高祖讳，应抄录于高祖即帝位前，乙本避高祖讳，能够抄录于文帝初。
山西省2019年高考[语文]考试真题与答案解析
![山西省2019年高考[语文]考试真题与答案解析](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/843e512577c66137ee06eff9aef8941ea76e4ba6.png)
山西省2019年高考[语文]考试真题与答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。
对文学艺术创作者来说，或早或晚，都会遭遇到这个问题——为谁创作、为谁立言？习近平同志强调，“文学艺术创造、哲学社会科学研究首先要搞清楚为谁创作、为谁立言的问题，这是一个根本问题。
人民是创作的源头活水，只有扎根人民，创作才能获得取之不尽、用之不竭的源泉。
目前，文艺界普遍认识到，只有与身处的时代积极互动，深刻回应时代重大命题，才会获得艺术创作的蓬勃生机。
然而，在创作实践中，还有许多作家、艺术家困惑于现实是如此宏大丰富，以至于完全超出个人的认识和表现能力。
我们常常听到这样的说法：现实太精彩了，它甚至远远走到了小说家想象力的前面。
是的，我们有幸生活在这样一个日新月异的时代，随时发生着习焉不察而影响深远的变化。
这就为作家、艺术家观察现实、理解生活带来巨大困难。
对于他们而言，活灵活现地描绘出生活的现象和表象，大约是不难的，难就难在理解生活复杂的结构，理解隐藏在表象之下那些更深层的东西。
那么，这“更深层的东西”是什么呢？去过天安门广场的朋友一定会对矗立在广场上的人民英雄纪念碑印象深刻，许多人都能背得出上面的碑文——“三年以来，在人民解放战争和人民革命中牺牲的人民英雄们永垂不朽！三十年以来，在人民解放战争和人民革命中牺牲的人民英雄们永垂不朽！由此上溯到一千八百四十年，从那时起，为了反对内外敌人，争取民族独立和人民自由幸福，在历次斗争中牺牲的人民英雄们永垂不朽！”在新中国成立70周年的今天，再次诵读这段话，我们就会意识到，这改天换地的宏伟现实是人民创造的，人民当之无愧是时代的英雄，是历史的创造者。
只有认识到人民的主体地位，才能感受到奔涌的时代浪潮下面深藏的不竭力量，才有可能从整体上把握一个时代，认识沸腾的现实。
认识人民创造历史的主体地位，是为了从理性和情感上把自己放到人民中间，是为了解决我是谁、我属于谁的问题。
2019年高考(全国卷ii卷)语文试题逐题解析【精品版】
绝密★启用前2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文本试卷共22题，共150分，共10页。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．答题时请按要求用笔。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
杜甫之所以能有集大成之成就，是因为他有可以集大成之容量。
而其所以能有集大成之容量，最重要的因素，乃在于他生而禀有一种极为难得的健全才性——那就是他的博大、均衡与正常。
杜甫是一位感性与理性兼长并美的诗人，他一方面具有极大极强的感性，可以深入到他接触的任何事物，把握住他所欲攫取的事物之精华；另一方面又有着极清明周至的理性，足以脱出于一切事物的蒙蔽与局限，做到博观兼美而无所偏失。
这种优越的禀赋表现于他的诗中，第一点最可注意的成就，便是其汲取之博与途径之正。
就诗歌体式风格方面而言，古今长短各种诗歌他都能深入撷取尽得其长，而且不为一体所限，更能融会运用，开创变化，千汇万状而无所不工。
我们看他《戏为六绝句》之论诗，以及与当时诸大诗人，如李白、高适、岑参、王维、孟浩然等，酬赠怀念的诗篇中论诗的话，都可看到杜甫采择与欣赏的方面之广；而自其《饮中八仙歌》《曲江三章》《同谷七歌》等作中，则可见到他对各种诗体运用变化之神奇工妙；又如从《自京赴奉先县咏怀五百字》《北征》及“三吏”“三别”等五古之作中，可看到杜甫自汉魏五言古诗变化而出的一种新面貌。
就诗歌内容方面而言，杜甫更是无论妍媸巨细，悲欢忧喜，宇宙的一切人物情态，都能随物赋形，淋漓尽致地收罗笔下而无所不包，如写青莲居士之“飘然思不群”，写空谷佳人之“日暮倚修竹”；写丑拙则“袖露两肘”，写工丽则“燕子风斜”；写玉华宫之荒寂，予人以一片沉哀悲响；写洗兵马之欢忭，写出一片欣奋祝愿之情、其涵蕴之博与变化之多，都足以为其禀赋之博大、均衡与正常的证明。
2019年高考语文小说阅读高考真题考查点剖析
2019年高考语文小说阅读高考真题考查点剖析高考真题: 全国一卷《理水》，全国二卷《小步舞》，全国三卷《到梨花屯去》.命题原则：选材多样，体现社会热点，主题培养学生继承传统文化关心思考国家变化时代，理解时代洪流，体现了考查学生阅读能力关注社会以德树人的标准；注重知识系统性，高考考点与教材知识点衔接。
如：鲁迅的《理水》，可以通过初高中学过的鲁迅作品，理解这篇小说的主旨以及风格；联系莫泊桑的《我的叔叔于勒》《项链》，解读《小舞步》。
所以小说选材要多样化：主题体现社会正能量，以中国小说为主；以知名作家为主，通过阅读小说拓展深化教材，提高小说鉴赏能力；以社会政治热点和文化热点为主，培养学生参与社会能力。
7．下列对本文相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确的一项是（3分）（2019全国Ⅰ卷）A．第一段中，洪灾中的民间疾苦被筵宴上大啖酒肉的大员们转化为“水乡沿途的风景”等谈资，这不仅是讽刺，更表达了忧愤。
B．鲁迅善以细节传神，文中写胖大官员脸上“流出着一层油汗”，与写祥林嫂“眼珠间或一轮”一样，都是以外在细节刻画人物内在特征。
C．针对禹提出的“导”的治水方法，众大员软硬兼施，口口声声“老大人”，是以所谓“孝”给禹施压，实质上还是反对禹的变革。
D．文中有意使用“水利局”“时装表演”“摩登”等现代词语，以游戏笔墨颠覆了“大禹治水”的严肃性与真实性，从而传达出历史的虚无感。
7．下列对小说相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确的一项是（3分）（2019全国Ⅱ卷）A．“我”初见老舞蹈师时见他拿着一根手杖，后来得知这是德·克莱蒙伯爵送给他的一件礼物，二者不仅前后照应，也暗示着人世的沧桑。
B．老舞蹈师在一个早晨，“以为周围没有人，便做起一连串奇怪的动作来”，他之所以避开别人，是因为他出身高贵、性情高傲、孤芳自赏。
C．老舞蹈师夫妇跳完小步舞之后，“忽然出人意料地相拥着哭起来”，这种失态其实是一种宣泄，说明当时他们的内心压抑痛苦。
2019年高考语文全国卷之文学类文本阅读试题解析
7. 下列对本文相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确 的一项是（３分）
A第一段中，洪灾中的民间疾苦被筵宴上大啖酒肉的大员 们转化为“水乡沿途的风景”等谈资，这不仅是讽刺， 更表达了忧愤。 B鲁迅善以细节传神，文中写胖大官员脸上“流出着一层 油汗”，与写祥林嫂“眼珠间或一轮”一样，都是以外 在细节刻画人物内在特征。
高考语文备考讲座第七讲
2019年高考语文
全国卷文学类文本阅读试题解析
第一大题 现代文阅读（36分）
第㈢题 文学类作品阅读（15分）
[例一·2019年全国课标一卷·一㈢]
阅读下面的文字，完成7～9题。
理 水（节选） 鲁迅 当两位大员回到京都的时候，别的考察员也大抵陆 续回来了，只有禹还在外。他们在家里休息了几天，水 利局的同事们就在局里大排筵宴，替他们接风。这一天 真是车水马龙，不到黄昏时候，主客就全都到齐了，院 子里却已经点起庭燎来，鼎中的牛肉香，一直透到门外 虎贲的鼻子跟前，大家就一齐咽口水。酒过三巡，大员 们就讲了一些水乡沿途的风景，芦花似雪，泥水如金，
“这是蚩尤的法子！”一个勇敢的青年官员悄悄的 愤激着。
“卑职的愚见，窃以为大人是似乎应该收回成命 的．”一位白须白发的大员，这时觉得天下兴亡，系在 他的嘴上了，便把心一横，置死生于度外，坚决的抗议 道：“湮是老大人的成法。‘三年无改于父之道，可谓 孝矣。’——老大人升天还不到三年。”
禹一声也不响。 “况且老大人化过多少心力呢。借了上帝的息壤， 来湮洪水，虽然触了上帝的恼怒，洪水的深度可也浅了 一点了，这似乎还是照例的治下去。”另一位花白须发 的大员说，他是禹的母舅的干儿子。 禹一声也不响。 “我看大人还不如‘干父之蛊’，”一位胖大官员 看得禹不作声，以为他就要折服了，便带些轻薄的大声 说，不过脸上还流出着一层油汗。“照着家法，挽回家 声。大人大约未必知道人们在怎么讲说老大人罢……”
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2019年高考一卷真题分析---阅读理解笔试整卷2519个单词第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）（1823个单词）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
ANeed a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible（符合条件）for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 15—18 years old in select communities（社区）.Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses. 21题答案：BWho is eligible: Students aged 15—29, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year. 22题答案：DSummer Employment Opportunities（机会）Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability. 23题答案：D21. What is special about Summer Company?A.It requires no training before employment.B.It provides awards for running new businesses.C.It allows one to work in the natural environment.D.It offers more summer job opportunities.22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A.15—18.B.15—24.C.15—29.D.16—17.23. Which program favors the disabled?A.Jobs for Youth.B.Summer Company.C.Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D.Summer Employment Opportunities.A篇词数322个（3题，6分）文章读懂难度系数★★21题细节题（简单）太简单了，直接看文章批注。
送分题22题细节题（简单）太简单了，直接看文章批注。
送分题23题细节题（简单）太简单了，直接看文章批注。
送分题B 24题答案：BFor Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day, and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.But he’s nervous.＂I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…＂Chris trips on the＂-ld,＂a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support.＂…V ote for …me …＂Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice克里斯做得惊人得好从这里看出，stumbles 是指前文的停顿怯场。
25题答案：A conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants, Chris started learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls（回想起）how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. ＂It takes a lot for any student,＂Whaley explains, ＂especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, ＂I don’t know，but I want to know.＂27题答案：CWhaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves.＂Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,＂Whaley says, ＂It is very difficult夸奖自己，和你最好的素质，品质。
(那就得看到自己的长处) 26题答案：Afor a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.＂24. What made Chris nervous？A.Telling a story.B.Making a speech.C.Taking a test.D.Answering a question.25. What does the underlined word ＂stumbles＂in paragraph 2 refer to?A.Improper pauses.不得体的暂停B.Bad manners.C.Spelling mistakes.D.Silly jokes.26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project(计划) is to _________.A.help students see their own strengthsB.assess students’ public speaking skillsC.prepare students for their future jobsD.inspire students’ love for politics27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.B篇词数377个（4题，8分）文章读懂难度系数★★★24题细节题（简单）看文章批注。