新概念英语第三册笔记第40课
新概念英语第三册第40课-Who's who
新概念英语第三册第40课:Who's whoLesson 40 Who's who真假难辨 Listen to the tape then answer the question below.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
How did the policeman discover that the whole thing was a joke?It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims.When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not take him seriously. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.The student did in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen. He threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seizethe pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper. He threatened to call the police. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.参考译文谁也弄不清为什么大学生好像比任何人都更喜欢恶作剧。
新概念第三册 L40课文及单词详解课件
New Words
12. duty n. 税
duty free 免税 Customs duty 关税 近义词：tax
income tax 所得税
Stamp duty 印花税
New Words
13. unscrew v. 拧开
screw v. 拧紧；用螺丝固定 n. 螺钉 unscrew a cap 拧开盖子 She ____ ____ ____ ____(拧开......的盖) her water bottle and gave it to him. 答案： unscrewed the cap of
这个职员打了一通恶作剧电话，假装是老板。 The clerk made a ____ ____ pretending to be the boss. 答案：hoax call
New Words
2. deception n. 欺骗；骗局（指无关紧要的欺骗，有时也指利已的不诚实行为）
辨析：
deceit [dɪ'si:t] ：强调一个人对另一个的故意欺骗（指歪曲实情， 惯于说谎或蓄意欺骗。）
(1) 并列句，用but连接。第一分句的主语为Customs Officiers, 海关官员；第二个分 句中and连接两个并列谓语，其中when引导时间状语从句。
(2) these days 意为“目前，现在”
(3) have nothing to declare意为“没有东西需要申报”，have nothing 后接动词不定式 表示“没有东西可......”, 另外have nothing to do 无事可做，have nothing to say 无话可 说。
in + 名词，表示一种状态： 秩序井然: in good order 身体健康：in good health 心情好： in a good mood 脾气好： in a good temper
新概念三册Lesson40备课笔记
Lesson 40 Who's who1、hoax n.骗局，戏弄play a hoax/trick on sb. 戏弄（=play a joke on sb. 开玩笑）-The boy student is thinking how to play a hoax on his classmate.2、deception n.欺骗（指无关紧要的欺骗，有时也指利已的不诚实行为）-She referred to the pills as sweet, so the harmless deception made it easy for her child to take them. deceit 强调一个人对另一个的故意欺骗-We are incapable of deceit.fraud 复杂的对于公众的欺骗行为，着重指官方的欺骗或财政舞弊trickery 语气上比deception严厉，着重指有步骤的诡计以追求私利-He had gained control of the company by trickery. 3、self-respecting adj.自重的Self-表示“自...”：Self-abuse 自责self-abandonment 自暴自弃self-discipline 自律self-abasement 自卑Self-centered 自私的self-indulgent 自我放纵的4、indulge v.使沉迷indulge oneself in-He indulged himself in smoking and drinking.be indulged in-He was indulged in smoking and drinking.Indulge v.纵容,迁就-Nowadays，parents indulge their children too much.5、Drill n.钻电钻electric drillV.练习，操练Fire drill 消防演习-士兵们正在进行处理紧急事件的演练。
(完整word版)新概念英语第三册笔记第40课(word文档良心出品)
We are incapable of deceit.
fraud一般用于犯罪行为的欺骗，通常指政治或经济活动中的舞弊行为。
trickery语气上比deception严厉，着重指有步骤的诡计以追求私利
He had gained control of the company by trickery.
Lesson 40 Who's who
New words and expression 生词和短语
hoax[həʊks]n.骗局，戏弄（v.捉弄，欺骗）（小孩说“狼来了”）
（Afalse warning of danger, mischievous trick played on sb for a joke）
She indulges her only son.
abandon oneselftosth放纵，放肆，尽情（to feel an emotion so strongly that you let it control you completely）
eg. He abandon himself to grief他不胜悲痛。（恣意，忘情）
deceive[dɪ'si:v]v.欺骗；行骗
deceive表示隐瞒真相或以假相骗人。如：The boy deceived the teacher by lying.
cheat欺骗，常用词，主要指为了自己的利益欺骗人。
trick哄骗，表示耍手段进行欺骗，强调在行骗时使用计策，有时也指并非出于恶意的欺骗。如：
coaxsb into doing sth
coaxsb out of doing sth
新概念英语第3册课程讲义Lesson40
Lesson 40 Who’s whohoax [həʊks]n. 恶作剧（骗人相信某事）hoax n. a kind of practical joke in which someone makes people believe something that is not true恶作剧（骗人相信某事）play a joke / trick on sb.make a fool of sb.cheat sb. out of sth.He cheated the old lady out of her fortune.trick / deceive sb. into doingI was tricked / deceived into believing his story.indulge [ɪn'dʌldʒ]v. 沉迷于……；尽情享受…… indulge in …indulge in bad habitsI indulged in a hot bath / an expensive dinner after a day’s hard work.indulge / spoil / pamper sb.I don’t agree with indulging children.a spoilt / pampered childindulgent / self-indulgentindulgence / self-indulgenceadvance[əd'vɑ:ns] [əd'væns]adj. 提前的（定语）advance adj. 提前的（定语）advance partyadvance notice / warning / planningadvance paymentWhat a job! Good work, Richard! I'm so glad you like them so much. Like them? They represent your best work. Really? Absolutely. Well ... what do you think? Do I have my book? You do. You do.There’s a book here. I'll have a contract and an advance payment waiting for you, first thing in the morning.in advanceRent must be paid one month in advance.in advance of …Galileo’s ideas were in advance of the age in which he lived.advanced adj. 高级的, 先进的advanced technologyan elementary / intermediate / advanced English courseelementary / intermediate / advanced English learnersremonstrate ['remənstreɪt] [rɪ'mɑ:nstreɪt]v. 抗议，规劝，告诫remonstrate with sb. (fml.) 向某人抗议The coach angrily remonstrated with the referee.Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. demonstrate v. 展示, 表明protest against …聚众抗议……complain (to sb.) of / about sth.Several people complained of cat-like noises at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree.Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.nag sb. to do …When my wife nagged me to do something about it, I told her that either I would have to buy a new mower or let the grass grow.pester sb. to do …From the moment he arrived there, he kept on pestering his doctor to tell him when he would be able to go home.ironically [aɪ'rɒnɪklɪ]adv. 讽刺地ironically / sarcasticallyAt this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest.'Perfume, eh?' he asked sarcastically. 'You should have declared that. Perfume is not exempt from import duty.'ironic / sarcasticI was almost there when a sarcastic voice below said, 'I don't think the windows need cleaning at this time of the night.'irony / sarcasmwith heavy irony / sarcasm'Good of you to arrive on time,' George said, with heavy irony / sarcasm.hint / trace / touch of irony / sarcasmThere was a hint of irony / sarcasm in her voice.the irony of fateIt's ironic that she became a teacher ―she used to hate school.Ironically, his cold got better on the last day of his holiday.who’s who 谁是谁（名字、职务等）You’ll soon get to know who’s who in the company.which is whichThe twins are so alike that I can’t tell which is which.When Scarlet returned to the farm, the old maidservant began to tell her who married whom, who had what children and so on.It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else.nobody can explain why …it has never been explained why …造句：谁也无法解释玛雅(Maya) 文明为什么会突然从地球上消失(vanish)。
新概念英语第三册重点句子及解析Lesson40
新概念英语第三册重点句子及解析Lesson40【课文】It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke： the hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. Students often create amusingsituations which are funny to everyone except the victims. When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumaticdrill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen weregrateful to the student for this piece of advance information.The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one ofthe workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them losthis temper. He threatened to call the police. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.【课文翻译】谁也弄不清为什么大学生好像比任何人都更喜欢恶作剧。
新概念英语第三册 第40课
新概念英语第三册第40课Lesson 40 in New Concept English - A Summer's ReadingSummer is a season that many people look forward to. It brings warm weather, longer days, and the perfect conditions for outdoor activities. However, for some, summer is also a great time to dive into a good book. In this lesson, we will explore the joys of summer reading and how it can enhance our language skills and broaden our horizons.Reading during the summer break is a fantastic way to unwind and relax. With no school or work commitments, we have the freedom to choose any book we desire and read at our own pace. Whether it's a gripping novel, an educational non-fiction book, or a collection of short stories, the options are endless. Engrossing ourselves in a captivating story can transport us to another world, providing a much-needed escape from the stresses of everyday life.Moreover, summer reading can have a significant impact on our language skills. For those learning English, reading books in the language is crucial in improving vocabulary and grammar. Constant exposure to English literature allows us to acquire new words and phrases organically, without the need for tedious memorization. Contextual understanding becomes natural, and our ability to comprehend complex texts grows with every book we read. Additionally, exposure to different writing styles and genres aids in the development of our own writing skills.Furthermore, reading during the summer can broaden our horizons and increase our knowledge about various subjects. By picking up books ondifferent cultures, history, or science, we can expand our understanding of the world around us. Through the pages of a book, we can immerse ourselves in the lives of others, gaining empathy and a broader perspective. Reading also stimulates critical thinking and encourages us to question and analyze ideas, fostering intellectual growth.To make the most of our summer reading, it is important to set aside dedicated time for it. Allocating a specific time every day, be it in the morning, afternoon, or evening, ensures that we make consistent progress. Turning off distractions such as phones, TVs, or computers can also help create a conducive reading environment. Finding a peaceful spot, whether it's a cozy corner of our home or a relaxing café, can further enhance the reading experience.Choosing the right books to read is equally important. It's essential to select genres and subjects that genuinely interest us. By reading books that resonate with our passions, we are more likely to stay engaged and motivated throughout the summer. Additionally, seeking recommendations from friends, family, or fellow book lovers can lead us to hidden literary gems that we may have otherwise overlooked.In conclusion, summer reading is a highly enjoyable and beneficial activity. It provides a means of relaxation, enhances language skills, broadens our horizons, and stimulates intellectual growth. By setting aside dedicated time, creating a conducive reading environment, and carefully selecting books, we can make the most of this wonderful summer pastime. So, grab a book, find a comfortable spot, and embark on a summer's reading adventure that will captivate and enrich your mind.。
新概念第三册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson40
新概念第三册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson40【课文】It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke： the hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. Students often create amusingsituations which are funny to everyone except the victims. When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumaticdrill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen weregrateful to the student for this piece of advance information.The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost histemper. He threatened to call the police. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.【课文翻译】谁也弄不清为什么大学生好像比任何人都更喜欢恶作剧。
新概念英语第三册惯用语整理Lesson40
新概念英语第三册惯用语整理Lesson40Lesson 401.advance vi.1.前进，向前移动2.取得进展 n. 前进，进展adj. 预先的in advance 提前(同义习语一起记忆：before hand, ahead of time)例句：l.It's a really nice apartment. But the owners want two-month rent in advance and I just don't have it.这房子真好。
但房主要我预交两个月的房租，可我没有。
2.If you want to borrow the family car or get your mother mend something for you, you will have better success if you possibly ask in advance.如果你想借用家里的车或者让母亲帮你修补一些东西，提前提出要求的话，成功的可能性会大一些。
2.enough adj. 充足的，充足的 pron. 充足 adv.充分地，充足地leave well enough alone 差不多就不要再弄了，免得画蛇添足A：I'm going to revise my politics report.A：我要把政治学报告修改一下。
B：I think you should leave well enough alone.B：我觉得你应该差不多就行了，不要画蛇添足。
3.grant v. 同意，准予，授予research grant 研究补助例句：May seems surprised that she got a research grant.梅对于她能够获得一份研究补助感到很意外。
4.help n. 协助，资助，助手 vi./vt. 协助help oneself 自己动手A：Excuse me, would you mind if I used your phone?A：劳驾，我用一下你的电话你不介意吧!B：Help yourself, it's on the table over there.B：你自己来吧，电话就在那边的桌子上。
新概念英语第三册逐句精讲语言点第40课(3)
新概念英语第三册逐句精讲语言点第40课(3)Who's Who 真假难辨It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke： the hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. Students often create amusingsituations which are funny to everyone except the victims. When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumaticdrill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen weregrateful to the student for this piece of advance information.The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policemanarrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost histemper. He threatened to call the police. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.7.He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people.还对工人说，有个学生常装扮成警察无聊地同别人开玩笑。
新概念英语第三册笔记lesson36-40
Lesson 36 A Chance in a Million 百万之一的机会New words and expression 生词和短语学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的，要把单词放在语句中体会其应用学习关键句结构是则要把它放在段落结构或文章里credulous adj.轻信的improbable adj.不大可能的obscure adj.不起眼的maidservant n.女仆，女佣presume v.假定wickedly adv.心眼坏地，居心叵测地plot v.密谋downfall n.倒台，垮台naïve adj.天真的unacceptable adj.不能接受的conspire v.(事件)巧合促成incredible adj.难以置信的resemblance n.相似scorn n.嘲弄，挖苦acquaint v.使了解reunite v.使团聚assume v.假定，认为credulous adj.轻信的(多修饰人)区分credible:可信的,可靠的,多修饰事物eg. The story he told us is credible. incredulous / incredible反义词believable以已知事实为根据eg. He demanded for believable explanation.(反)unbelievableimprobable adj.不大可能的obscure adj.1)不起眼的，不出名的eg. The bus stopped at an obscure little town.2)令人费解的not clearly An obscure figure can be seen through the fog. 模糊不清的通过大雾我们可以看到模糊不清的身影.vague:多用于比喻意,指不明确说明而造成的模糊不清eg. what he said is vague. maidservant n.妇女仆,女佣presume v.假定take sth. as true 经常用的表达方式presume that根据过去的经验或感觉作出推断assume 与事实不相符合eg. Let us assume that your words are fact.suppose 最普通的用词猜想\陈述自己的看法I suppose that it was my fault.wickedly adv.心眼坏地,居心叵测地plot v.密谋一人或多人秘密谋划伤害他人. eg. The criminals were plotting to rob the bank. conspire众多人合谋做重大的犯法勾当犹指反叛scheme 某人暗中设计狡诈的手段来谋求自己的私利eg. The man is scheming for power.图谋夺权.本文中conspire指事件巧合促成eg. The weather and car trouble conspire to spoil our vacation.downfall n.倒台,垮台naive adj.天真的unacceptable adj.不能接受的conspireincredibleresemblance n.相似的like ness bear a strong resemblance to sb. or sth. have a close resemblance to sb. or sth.eg. The girl bears a strong resemblance to her sister.such a resemblanceresemblelikeness最普通的用语,比resemblance意味要强resemblance 特别是指外观或外在性质的相似similarity 性质\物色\程度的相似similar to sth. sb.scorn n.嘲弄,挖苦短语pour scorn on pour contempt on pour ridicule onpour heap eg. He poured scorn on his wife's suggestion.look down upon 瞧不起，蔑视辨析：think scorn ofcontempt:蔑视,强烈谴责某人或某事低贱\卑鄙,语气强于scorndespite 语气较弱,表示嘲弄His suggestion was dismissed with scorn.His face showed the scorn/despite he felt.acquaint v.使了解be acquainted with sth.eg. I have been acquainted with the secret.acquaint sb. with sth. acquaint sb. of sth.make a person acquainted with sb:介绍某人同另一个人认识Let me make... acquainted with you.acquaintance 熟人reunite n使团聚assume v.假定,认为Text 课文a chance in a million one chance in a thousand可能性小eg. It is a chance in a million to meet you here.在这儿见到你可真是不容易呀----He let out a scream that must can be heard in Peru.典型的夸张,目的是加强语气We are less credulous than we used to be.这是明显现在与过去的对比eg. We are less credulous than we used to be. 我们不再像以前那样轻信于人了。
新概念三 31 —40笔记
Lesson 31 A lovable eccentric 可爱的怪人New words and expression 生词和短语lovable adj. 可爱的lovable=worthy of love 惹人爱的lovely=beautiful 可爱的What he does is lovable. 他的所作所为很惹人爱。
I like the lovely boy/girl. 我喜欢这个可爱的孩子。
A large number of eccentrics are lovable. 许多怪人惹人喜爱。
eccentric n. （行为）古怪人:eccentric n. =a person whose behavior is peculiar ,unusual,rather strange.;adj: peculiar,unusual,strangestrange 因为陌生而奇怪The modern building looks strange to the villagers.eccentric a.行为举止古怪I can't get on well with him, because he is eccentric.odd 强调指出因为少见而多怪Look, he is wearing an odd hat.peculiar 奇异的,不同寻常的The house is peculiar.I feel peculiar today.=I feel uncomfortable/ill.=I’m not myself today.eccentricity n.怪癖disregard v. 不顾，漠视disregard v.=ignore ,pay no attention toDisregard noise and keep working.disregard n.have a disregard of/forHe has complete disregard of/for my feelings.他对我的感情漠然不顾。
新概念三册Lesson40备课笔记ppt
Text：
(L13) The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force.
Text：
(L2) Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax.
（L2）specialize in擅长 同: be good at be skilled in be expert in be adept at be accomplished in
Text：
(L11) He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
permission n.许可 special permission 特许 without permission 未经许可 -Parents always told us not to take other's things without permission when we were young. ask sb. for permission 寻求许可 give/grant sb. permission 给与许可
新概念英语第三册第40课NCE3_lesson40(共11页)
• which are funny to everyone • except the victims. • When a student • recently saw two workmen • using a pneumatic • drill outside his university, • he immediately telephoned the police • and informed them • that two students • dressed up as workmen • were tearing up the road
• Students specialize • in a particular type of practical joke: • the hoax. • Inviting the fire brigade • to put out a nonexistent fire • is a crude form of deception • which no self-respecting student • would ever indulge in. • Students often create • amusing situations
pneumatic drill. • The workmen struggled fiercely • and one of them lost his temper. • He threatened to call the police.
• At this, • the police pointed out ironically • that this would hardly be necessary • as the men were already under arrest. • Pretending to speak seriously, • one of the workmen asked • if he might make a telephone call • before being taken to the station.
新概念英语第三册学习笔记第40课Who′sWho
第一段词汇解析 ①a particular type = a special kind。 ②put out = extinguish。 ③deception = trick,something that deceives someone。 ④victims = people that suffer from other people's actions。 第二段词汇解析 ①宾语从句中含有一个 if引导的条件状语从句。 ②hung up = put the phone down。 ③silly = stupid, childish。 ④grateful = thankful， be grateful to/for。 第三段词汇解析 ①lose one's temper = hit the roof，大怒。 ②only 引导的时间状语从句中含有一个 that 引导的宾语从句作 saw 的宾语，因 only 开头，故后面部分倒装 did he realize。 Notes 学习笔记 词组归纳 1.practical joke 2.specialize in 3.put out 4.a crude form of 5.indulge in 6.pneumatic drill 7.dress up 8.tear up 9.as soon as 10.hang up 11.go away 12.take sb. seriously 13.playbe grateful to 15.advance information 16.sure enough 17.arrive on 18.threat to 19.by force 20.telephone for help
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Lesson 40 Who's who真假难辨New words and expression 生词和短语hoax [həʊks] n.骗局，戏弄（v. 捉弄，欺骗）（小孩说“狼来了”）（A false warning of danger, mischievous trick played on sb for a joke）play a hoax/trick on sb. 戏弄play a joke on sb. 开玩笑The boy student is thinking how to play a hoax on his classmate.a bomb hoax 声称有炸弹的骗局hoax call : a telephone call that gives false information 电话骗局eg. Dickey’s private collection of modern paintings was nothing but a hoax.coax [kəʊks] v.(耐心地)说服（vt. 哄；哄诱；慢慢将…弄好vi. 哄骗；劝诱）（to persuade sb to do sth that one is not willing to do by talking to him in a kind, gentle, and patient way）coax sb into doing sthcoax sb out of doing stheg. The mother coaxed the baby into a sound sleep.fool n/v （n. 傻瓜，愚人vt. 欺骗，愚弄，戏弄vi. 开玩笑，犯傻）make a fool of sb愚弄某人，欺骗某人eg. He is no fool. eg. Their strong accent couldn’t fool a native speaker. 当地人一听就知道他们是外地的。
trick n./v.1) 戏法，把戏，圈套magic trick 魔术2）诡计，圈套，恶作剧play a trick on sb 对某人搞恶作剧a dirty trick/a rotten trick 恶意的玩笑trick sb into doing sth 骗，坑（to deceive someone in order to get sth from him or to make him do sth）eg. Mum tricked me into taking the medicine.trick sb out of stheg. The corporation was tricked out of $20 million.deception [dɪ'sepʃ(ə)n] n.欺骗，骗局（指无关紧要的欺骗，有时也指利已的不诚实行为）She referred to the pills as sweet, so the harmless deception made it easy for her child to take them.deceit [dɪ'si:t] 强调一个人对另一个的故意欺骗（指歪曲实情，惯于说谎或蓄意欺骗。
）We are incapable of deceit.fraud 一般用于犯罪行为的欺骗，通常指政治或经济活动中的舞弊行为。
trickery 语气上比deception严厉，着重指有步骤的诡计以追求私利He had gained control of the company by trickery.deceive [dɪ'si:v] v. 欺骗；行骗deceive 表示隐瞒真相或以假相骗人。
如：The boy deceived the teacher by lying.cheat 欺骗，常用词，主要指为了自己的利益欺骗人。
trick 哄骗，表示耍手段进行欺骗，强调在行骗时使用计策，有时也指并非出于恶意的欺骗。
如：Tom cleverly tricked his mother into approval.self-respecting a.自重的self-taught adj.自学的self-confidence 自信←→self-distrust 不自信eg. Worry, fear, self-distrust忧虑，恐惧和不自信self-reliant [rɪ'laɪənt] adj. 自力的reliant 依赖的; 依靠的（rely的形容词）be reliant onreliable adj. 可靠的；可信赖的self-contained 独立自足的（do not need help or resources from outside.）；设施独立的（独门独户的指毋须与他人共享厨房、厕所等)）注意：独立自主是independenta self-contained flat 独立的公寓self-sacrifice 自我牺牲indulge [ɪn'dʌldʒ] v.使沉迷（to let yourself do or have sth that you enjoy, especially sth that is considered bad for you）（1、做某事或者于某物，2、引出对象的介词用in）indulge oneself in尽情享用，沉溺于== be indulged inHe was indulged in smoking and drinking. He indulged himself in smoking and drinking.indulge的第二个语义是“纵容”“迁就”(spoil)（中国话惯孩子）She indulges her only son.abandon oneself to sth 放纵，放肆，尽情（to feel an emotion so strongly that you let it control you completely）eg. He abandon himself to grief 他不胜悲痛。
（恣意，忘情）abandon oneself to alcohol 酗酒take to sb/take to doing sth attend to照看，照料1)like sb/doing sth 开始喜欢上…eg. He took to her at the first sight.2)to start doing sth as a habit开始有…习惯，开始上瘾eg. All this bad news is enough to make him take to drinking. 就这个坏消息足以让他借酒消愁。
eg. I have taken to getting up at 6 and going jogging.pneumatic [nju:'mætɪk] a.气动的（2、充气的）（worked or driven by compressed air）pneumatic drill 风钻pneumatic tires 充气轮胎pneumatic pump 气泵pneumatic brake 空气制动器; 电动气动制动器; 气闸; 气刹pneumonia [nju:'məʊnɪə] 肺炎atypical pneumonia [eɪ'tɪpɪk(ə)l; æ-] 非典型的drill n.钻（n. 训练；钻孔机；钻子；播种机；演习(操练) vi. 钻孔，钻探；训练vt. 钻孔；训练；条播）drill 侧重进行有系统的，严格和重复的练习（消防演习a fire drill 军事演习a military drill）training 普通用词，泛指为从事某种职业而进行的身体或智力方面的训练。
practice 指把所学的理论或知识用于实践以获得技艺与技巧。
exercise 主要指为强壮体魄而进行的锻炼，也可指进行练习以保持已经获得的技巧。
pneumatic drill气钻参考水钻（高压水枪，金属可以切割）广泛用应用于家电制造，房屋装修，汽车船舶制造，航空航天工业制造及维修行业，功率大,无火花,在高瓦斯矿井中，尤其能体现其安全性。
silly a.无意义的，无聊的1) not sensible 愚昧的，愚蠢的，不明智的a silly thing to do做了一件蠢事，说了一句蠢话/a silly thing to sayeg. I left my keys at home, which was a pretty silly thing to do.2) 无聊的，没有意义的play a silly joke on sb 同某人开无聊的玩笑3) not practical 不实用的foolish 强调愚蠢的，笨的，不明智的I remonstrated him not to do anything foolish.Silly 表示无意义的，无聊的，无知的Being called silly is not compliment. Don't play such a silly play. stupid 强调人及言行缺乏良好的判断力，及一般的智能（主要指天生迟钝）His son is as stupid as all.dull 指理解迟钝，或健康状况不佳、工作过度而导致的缺乏敏锐的头脑The old man's hearing has become dull. She is a dull girl.表示人很呆advance a.n.预先的，事先获得的advance information 预先获得的信息/ in advance 提前v./n./ adj.1) to move forward 向前eg. The troops advanced on the enemy. 部队朝敌军开进。
2)to develop and improve 发展，提升eg. A month has passed and the investigation has not advanced. 一个月过去了,调查毫无进展。
3) give someone money before they have earned it 预支（薪水）eg. He begged his boss to advance him a salary for a month.in advance ; before, beforehandbook a table in advanceahead of time/ahead of schedule 提前(earlier than planned)make preparations in advance 预先做好准备/make preparations in anticipationadvance adj.given or made in advanceadvance planning 预先计划advance warning 预先警告advance booking 预定advance payment 预付款advance information 事先通报advance troops 先头部队an advance agent 先遣人员，打前站的advanced adj. 高深的，先进的advanced weapon 先进的advanced in years 上年纪（长的着急，在年龄上处于领先地位）archway ['ɑ:tʃweɪ] n.拱形门楼arcade n.有拱廊的街道（两旁常设商店）[ɑ:r’keɪd]本意是：拱廊，连拱廊==有拱廊的街道==商场，游乐中心;arc [ɑ:rk] (几何) 弧；弧（度/型）; 天穹; 电弧，弧光。