become,get,go,grow,run,turn等系动词辨析及搭配用法

become，get，go，grow，run，turn等系动词辨析及搭配用法

1. 形容词作表语。

go和come是一对相反的词。''go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情，而''come+adj.''表示好的事情。如：

In hot weather, meat goes bad.

Things will come righ in the end.

go与come前面的主语一般是物。如：

误：She goes famous.

正：She becomes(gets) famous.

表语为mad，crazy（古怪的）,blind, lame或表示颜色的词，go前面的主语可以是人。如：He went mad.

Hearing this, she went red.

run后面接short,dry, low, deep等词，主语多为能流动，能消耗掉的东西。如：

Their money was running short.

Still waters run deep.

但wild作表语，主语可以是人，如：.

Don't let the children run wild.

grow与run相对，接表示人或物特征的静态形容词，也接表示天气的形容词，侧重于“逐渐变成”。如：The girl grew thinner and thinner.

Soon the sky grew light.

turn多接表示颜色的形容词，也接表示天气的形容词，它侧重变得与以前完全不同。如：The man turned blue with fear.

The weather suddenly turned much colder.

fall接asleep, silent等静态形容词和表示疾病的形容词，但不能接形容词比较级。如：

She fell ill froom cold.

（误）She fell from cold.

（正）She got worse.

fall short（没中）,fall apart（散开）,fall flat（没效果），可作成语记住。

''get+adj.''是口语，用得广泛，get能替代become, become较正式，get与become前面的主语既可以是人又可以是物。如：

He became(got) angry.

His coat has become(got) badly torn.

get较多地与形容词比较级连用。如：

The days are getting longer and longer.

注意：become一般不用于“将来成为”的意思。如：

（误）I hope you will become well.

（正）I hope you will get well.

2. become, turn, get, go, fall能用名词作表语，其它的则不能。如：

His dream has become(got) a reality.

He has turned scientist.

He has gone socialist.

He fell(a) victim to cancer.

注意：go, turn后面的名词通常不带冠词。

３. become, get, grow能接过去分词，并且come和go多接有否定前缀的过去分词。“get＋过去分词”表示一次行为；“become＋过去分词”表示事情发生的最后结果。如：

The string comes untied.

His report went unnoticed.

The fence gets white---washed every year.

She became engaged as a typist.

４. get, go, come能接现在分词，不过它们已失去“成为”的意思。如：

They went in and got chatting together.（开始）

We often go swimming.（去）

He came running in（来）

５. come, grow, get能接不定式，这种结构表示变化过程，come表示“最终变得”get表示“由不……变得”，grow表示“渐渐变得”如：

I've really come to love this place.

Mary's growing to be more and more like her mother.

You'll soon get to like it.

这种结构不能用于带有一段时间的完成时态。如：

（误）They have got to know each other for years.

（正）They have known each other for years.

６. 它们都可以接介词短语，固定搭配需要一个一个地记。如：

They ran out of money.

The problem will come under discussion.

They fell behind the others.

What has become of the girl.

It's getting near tea-time.

我们今后在阅读时，要留心这些系动词的搭配，见得多，善于运用，自然也就记得牢了。become，get，go，grow，run，turn都可以表示状态的变化，但要注意下面的几点：

1.指人的情绪或身体状态的变化，多用become与get，两者可以互换。

1)Hearing what he said，the teacher got/became angry.

听到他所说的话，老师生气了。

2)I hope you will get well soon.

我希望你不久能痊愈。

2.become，get也用于天气、社会的发展变化，两者可以互换。

1)Our country is getting/becoming stronger and stronger.

我们的国家日益强大。

2)It's becoming/getting colder and colder.

天变得越来越冷。

3.指人的身体、精神或事物向不好的方面变化时，多用go，所以它后面的形容词常常是表示消极意义的。

1)Something has gone wrong with the machine.

机器出了毛病。

2)The meat has gone bad in such hot weather.

在如此热的天气，肉坏了。

on hearing the news of the accident in the local mine, she ____pale.