各类介孔分子筛

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介孔分子筛

Mesoporous Materials

1、什么是介孔分子筛？

国际纯粹和应用化学协会（IUPAC）的定义：

介孔材料就是孔径在 2-50 nm 的材料，

介孔就是介于微孔和大孔之间。

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3＜2nm 2-50nm

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1992 年，Mobil 的科学家们（Kresge等）

制备出孔道均匀、孔径可调的介孔M41S，

该材料包括： MCM-41；

MCM–48；

MCM-50；

MCM 为 Mobil 公司合成的孔材料的系列名称， M obil C omposite of M atter-美孚合成的物质

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molecular sieves science and technology

Synthesis Vol.1 1998

Springer

The Synthesis and Properties of M41S and Related Mesoporous Materials

C.T.Kresge

分子筛与多孔材料化学-徐如人

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MCM-41

MCM –41 exhibits an X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD)

containing three or more low angle peaks (below 10° 2θ)

that can be indexed to an hexagonal hk0 lattice

This particular sample has a unit cell of approximately 46 Å

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透射电镜 transmission electron micrograph (TEM) the uniform honey-comb like structure

Lattice Image MCM-41

Possible Structure MCM-41属于六方相

含有规则的二维孔道阵列,

MCM-41

用不同尺寸的表面活性剂分子作为模板剂，

孔道的尺寸可在1.5-10nm之间变化

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MCM-48

The X-ray diffraction pattern consists of several peaks that can be assigned to the Ia3d space group.

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MCM-48

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MCM-48

The structure of MCM –48 has been proposed to be bicontinuous with a simplified representation of two infinite three-dimensional,mutually intertwined, unconnected networks of rods as initially

proposed by Luzzatti

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MCM-50

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19MCM-50

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2、介孔分子筛分类

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The M41S family

hexagonal unit cell

MCM–41 (two dimensional, p6m),

cubic structures

MCM–48 (three dimensional, Ia3d)

lamellar structures

MCM–50 which is a post-stabilized lamellar material.

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FSM-16 ：

使用与M41S家族相同的模板剂

用层状kanimite 为原料制备

与 MCM-41 结构相似

FSM代表F olded S heets M esoporous Material

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1995

在中性条件下，以伯胺为模板剂，

依靠氢键相互作用，

合成出规则孔道，孔壁较厚的HMS；

用可生物降解的非离子表面活性剂为模板剂，在中性条件下，合成了MSU

HMS 代表H exagonal M esoporous S ilica；

MSU 代表M ichigan S tate U niversity material

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突破了只依靠正负电荷的相互作用合成介孔分子筛的方法，

把氢键作用的思维引入到介孔分子筛合成

使介孔分子筛的合成思路得到拓宽。

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SBA-1，SBA-2, SBA-3

霍启升用双子铵类双亲性物资为模板剂，

在强酸性体系中合成出 SBA-1，SBA-2, SBA-3

hexagonal unit cell

SBA–2 (three dimensional, p63/mmc),

SBA–3 (two dimensional p6m

structure similar to MCM–41 but synthesized in an acid media;

cubic structures

SBA–1 (Pm3n);

分子筛的有序度要好很多，骨架上具有笼型结构

SBA 代表 University of California,

S anta Ba rbara

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