翻译核心句型、语法及练习

核心句型：

1）It is＋形容词＋that

It is＋形容词＋to do

2）as＋many/ much＋名词＋as

It is said that visitors spend only half as much money in a day in Leeds as in London.据说，游客每天在利兹的花销仅为在伦敦的一半。

倍数词＋as＋形容词＋as

（not）as/ so... as（和……（不）一样）

3）感官动词＋of＋名词

They hurriedly escaped into a cave that smelt of terror.

他们仓皇地逃人一个充满恐怖气氛的山洞。

4）rather than（而不是……）

Rather than pursue money to achieve happiness，we should focus on the improvement of ourselves.我们应该集中精力改善自我，而不是追求金钱的享乐。

5）It occurred to sb. that（突然想到……）

It had never occurred to Cinderella she would become a princess someday. Cinderella从来没有想到她会成为一位王妃。

6）When it comes to...（提及，当提到……的时候）

例如：When it comes to physics, I know nothing.

谈到物理学，我一无所知。

7）the + 比较级…，the +比较级（越……越……）

The faster a country's economy develops, the slower its population grows.

一个国家的经济发展越快，它的人口增长就越慢。

四级翻译常考语法点

一、考从句：

(1)主语从句

真题：__________(很多人没有意识到的)is providing the best education possible for their children.(2009.6)

答案：What many people don’t realize

(2)宾语从句

真题：Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life__measure________(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的), not how much they can earn.(2007.12)

答案：is measured by how much they can loan

(3)表语从句

真题：In my sixties, one change I notice is that__________(我比以前更容易累了).(2007.12)

答案：I am easier to get tired than before

(4)定语从句

真题：Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many

problems__________(他们至今还没有答案)(2008.12)

答案：(that/which)they haven’t found solution to或to which they haven’t found solution till now/ which they haven’t solved till now.

真题：__________(与我成长的地方相比), this town is more prosperous and exciting.(2008.6)

答案：Compared with the place where I grew up

(5)状语从句

not…until….

真题：Leaving one’s job, __________(不管是什么工作), is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.(2008.6)

答案：whatever it is(让步状语从句)

(二)、虚拟语气

历年真题中涉及到虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下：

(1)(should)+动词原形的情形;

(2)if或but for等引导的条件句;

(3) wish, if only, would rather, It is(high)time that…的用法（4）without/but for+名词

真题：You would not have failed if__________(按照我的指令去做).(2009.12)

答案：you had followed my instructions 或者you had followed my orders/advice

（三）、倒装

倒装分完全倒装与部分倒装两种类型，重点是部分倒装，即只有系动词、助动词和情态动词参与的倒装。常见的倒装结构可以分为四大类：

(1)否定倒装。指否定副词或否定的副词性结构hardly, seldom, scarcely, never, little, now here, not once, under no circumstances, in no way, no sooner…than，not only…but also用于句首时所导致的倒装。

Seldom did I go to theater, but now it is different.

以前我很少去剧院，但是现在不同了。

(2)虚拟倒装。指在if引导的虚拟条件句中，将if省略，把should, had, were提至主语前，形成倒装。

Were I you,I’ll never pr omise to do that.

如果我是你，绝对不会答应那么做的。

(3)强调倒装。为突出强调某一成分而将它提至句首时，实行倒装，如：

A. so 倒装句

So diligently does he work that he often forgets to eat and sleep.

他工作如此勤奋以至于经常废寝忘食。

B.以某些表示肯定的副词开头作状语：only, often, then

Then did I throw myself into the chair, exhausted.

然后我一屁股坐在椅子上，累死了。

Only by working hard can we achieve what we want.