过去分词作定语和表语讲解和练习

Grammar

过去分词用法(I)：作定语和表语

①So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.

②He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.

③But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people...

④He became interested in two theories that...

一、过去分词作定语

1.单个过去分词作定语时，一般放在被修饰词之前，表示完成或被动。如句①

如：

boiled water 开水，fallen leaves 落叶，selected apples 精选苹果，cooked food 熟食

2.过去分词短语作定语时，要放在被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句，如句②中的polluted by the dirty water from London＝that is polluted by the dirty water from London。又如：Near the window there is a bookshelf filled with books ( ＝which is filled with books)．

靠近窗户有一个装满书的书架。

Her daughter, brought up by me ( ＝who was brought up by me), has begun to work now.

由我带大的她的女儿现在已经参加工作了。

3.表示情感的动词的分词相当于一个形容词，现在分词译为“令人……”;过去分词译为“感到……”比如

a disappointing boy 一个令人失望的男孩 a disappointed boy 一个感到很失望的男孩此类情感动词常见的有：

1 alarm 使惊吓 ,

2 amaze 使惊奇,

3 amuse 使发笑,

4 annoy 使生气,

5 astonish 使吃惊,

6. bore 使乏味

7. distress 使悲伤,8 disturb 使烦恼,9 delight 使高兴,10 disappoint 使失

望 ,11 discourage 使泄气, 12 disgust 使恶心 13 excit 使兴奋,14 encourage 使受鼓励 ,

15 embarrass 使尴尬,16 frighten 使害怕, 17 frustrate 使沮丧, 18 fascinat 使着迷,

19 satisfy使满意,20 interest 使感兴趣,291inspire 使受鼓舞,22 move 使感动, 23 please 使愉悦, 24 puzzle 使迷惑,25 reassure 使放心, 26 surprise 使惊讶,27 satisfy 使满足30 tire 使疲倦, 31 touch 使怜悯 , 使感动, 32 trouble 使忧虑,33 worry 使担心,34 confuse 使迷惑

二、过去分词作表语

1.过去分词可以置于系动词后作表语，表示主语的性质、特征或状态。用作表语的过去分词，主要表示动作的完成和事物的状态。此时的过去分词相当于一个形容词。常用的系动词有be,get,become,seem,remain,appear,feel,look,sound等，如：

The book is broken.书破了。

The house is crowded.这房子很拥挤。

The shop is closed. 店铺的门关着。

The classroom is cleaned.教室是清洁的。

2.当“人”作主语时用过去分词作表语，表示主语的状态或思想感情等，如句③④。又如：When we heard of it, we were deeply moved.

当我们听到这件事，我们被深深地感动了。

He seemed quite satisfied with the idea.

他似乎对这个想法很满意。

一、用所给单词的适当形式填空

1．This is the severely __________ (pollute) lake I mentioned to you the other day.

2．The manager was very _________ (satisfy) with the project already __________ (complete) by Wang Fei.

3．Huang Lin _________ (educate) in Germany has the ability to deal with such a situation well. 4．We were ___________ (inspire) to have seen the inspiring leader.

5．All of us were _________ (puzzle) by the puzzling question

_________ (raise) by a little girl.

6．There was an ________ (excite) look on his face when the actress appeared.

7．Don't use words, expressions, or phrases ________ (know) only to people with specific knowledge.

8．When I came in, they were ________ (absorb) in a heated

二、完成句子

1．在会议上提出的问题对我们来说很严重。

The problem ____________ at the meeting is serious to us.

2．为了把英语学好，你应该提高你的口头和书面英语。

In order to learn English well, you should improve your

______________________________.

3．不要担心。在结冰的湖上滑冰是相当安全的。

Don't worry.It's quite safe skating on the ______________.

4．被邀请来音乐会的老师到了。

The teachers _____________ the concert arrived.

5．我在王老师的课堂上感觉乏味，想睡觉，因为她总是用

着一样的嗓音。

I ______________ and sleepy in Miss Wang's lessons, since

she is always using the same voice.

6．被损坏的自行车送到了修理工那里。

____________________ was sent to the repairman.

7．那个叫汤姆的男孩在车祸中受伤了。

___________________________ was hurt in the car accident.

8．他在八岁的时候就对科学研究感兴趣。

He _________________ scientific research at the age of eight.