管理学复习总结

管理学复习总结

Chapter 1 Introduction toManagement and Organizations 5★

1．Who Are Managers? 2★

–Someone who coordinates and oversees the work of other peopleso that organizational goals can be accomplished.

2．What Is Management? 3★

–Coordinating and overseeing the work activities of others so that their activities are completed efficiently and effectively.

3．What Do Managers Do? 5★

4．What Is An Organization? 1★(理解)

–A deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose.

5．Why Study Management? 1★

Chapter 2 Management Yesterday and Today 1★

1.Historical Background Of Management 1★

-division of labor --The breakdown of jobs into narrow and repetitive tasks.

2. Scientific Management 5★

Frederick W. Taylor The “father”of scientific management

●Develop a science for e ach element of an individual’s work, which will replace the oldrule-of-thumb method.

●Scientifically select and then train, teach, and develop the worker.

●Heartily cooperate with the workers so as to ensure that all work is done in accordance with the principles of the

science that has been developed.

●Divide work and responsibility almost equally between management and workers. Management takes over all work

for which it is better fitted than the workers.

Frank & Lillian GilbrethPartners for Life - motion picture films–Therbligs-- A classification scheme for labeling 17 basic hand motions.

--Learning OrganizationAn organization that has developed the capacity to continuously learn, adapt, and change.

--Knowledge ManagementCultivating of a learning culture where organizational members systematically gather knowledge and share it with others in the organization so as to achieve better performance

Chapter 3Organizational Culture and the Environment：The Constraints 3★

1.The Manager: Omnipotent or Symbolic 4★

Omnipotent View of Management

●…The view that managers are directly responsible an organization’s success or failure.

Symbolic View of Management

The view that much of an organization’s success or failure is due to external forces outside managers’control.

2.The Organization’s Culture1★

--The shared values, principles, traditions, and ways of doing things that influence theway organizational members act. 3. The Environment 4★

External Environment--Those factors and forces outside the organization

that affect the organization’s performance.

…Specific environment: external forces that have a direct and immediate impact on the organization.

…General environment: broad economic, socio-cultural, political/legal, demographic, technological, and global conditions that mayaffect the organization.

Chapter 5Social Responsibility and Managerial Ethics

1.What is Social Responsibility? 1★

The Classical View

The view that Management’s only social responsibility is to maximize profits.

--Milton Friedman The Socioeconomic View

The view that management’s social responsibility goes beyond making profits to include protecting and improving society’s welfare

Chapter 6 Decision-Making:The Essence of the Manager's Job 5★

1.The Decision-Making Process5★

Decision

--Making a choice from two or more alternatives.