历年四级真题复合式听写总结
专业四级考试的“复合式听写”.doc
专业四级考试的“复合式听写”1.通过卷血文字捕捉信息，找岀线索、了解大意“复合式听写”材料多为说明文(Exposition),这一体裁的文章具不主题突出，条理分明，层次清楚、语言简洁、逻辑性强的特点。
文章的开头或段首多半有主题句(topic sentence), Z后的段、句进一步具体扩展、说明或论证主题句。
根据“复合式听写”样题，听写第二部分二、三自然段首和段尾均有完整的主题旬o考生应利用一切机会，如考前空隙或播放考试指令时间，浏览试卷该项下文字部分,尤其是主题旬,根据主题句预测文章发展线索和大意。
以样题为例，根据第二段未题句"Often people like to take with them a gift for the host* s wife of a party they have been invited to. ” 及 Again, you may choose something for the host's wife alone or for the entire family.考生不难推测所记要点应是作客时，客人应带些什么礼品及所赠对象，而决不会涉及作客时应穿什么样的服装或到、离主人家时间等方面的内容，这样便增强了考生对文章的认知度)熟悉感。
缩小了内容范I韦I，考生听音时更具针对性和准确性，心理放松，更为白信，使白己在考试屮处于主动地位。
即使“复合式听写”材料为其它体裁的文章，听音前浏览下试题也大大有裨益。
因为文章具有一致性和连贯性的特点，从试题屮我们总会搜索到一些有参考价值的材料。
2.听写结合，双管齐下根据“复合式听写”新题型通知说明，第一遍是全文朗读，要求考生注意听懂全文内容。
由于听音前考生已测览了卷血文字，对听力材料有了大致的了解，因此听读第一遍时，考生可以适当地填写些单词和做些笔记，听为主，记为辅，要做好“复合式听写”，考生需多多实践，获取较强的边听边记能力。
cet4复合式听写的解题思路
复合式听写的解题思路．复合式听写试题分布复合式听写共有短文一篇，设10个小题。
1-7题要求用原词填写，8-10只是补全信息，不必用原词。
题眼设计1)1- 7题设计规律①所填单词以实词为主。
97，98两年的复合式听写中只有一个是介词，其他13个全是名词、形容词或副词。
②7个单词以评价性词汇为主，也就是说可以从上下文找到说明的信息。
如97年6月的复合式听写：In police work, you can never predict the next crime or problem. No working day is identical to any other, so there is no （1）"______" day for a police officer.既然没有一天是相同的，也就没有哪一天是"典型的"。
根据这种因果说明可以判断所填单词为typical。
而没有一天完全相同，也正说明了警察的工作富于变化，由此也可以判断下面的第5个空填variety( I think I can (describe) police word in one word:（5）_______.)。
③表示信息复现的词汇为题眼有些词语即使听不清楚同样可以填出。
如98年1月的复合式听写。
文章的第一段介绍了Michael如何5岁上高中，10岁上大学，11岁攻读硕士学位。
第二段开始一个转折，介绍他的这种"成功"也来之不易。
所填单词为上义词复现，对上文的总结，自然应该是success。
(But Michael's _____ hasn't always come easy.④表示信息同现的词汇为题眼复合式听写所天词汇一部分是同现词汇，如97年考题：One day, for example, I was working undercover; that is, I was on the job, but I was wearing （6）____ clothes, not my police （7）______.通常情况下警察所穿的应该是"制服"，即uniform，这样，uniform, wear 就构成的同现关系。
复合式听写【旧版】(DOC)
【关键词】溯源、演变；要求、规律；标准、重点；攻略、秘笈。
复合式听写（Compound Dictation）-----大学英语四六级辅导系列【试题溯源】1997年6月复合式听写（Compound Dictation）这种题型在全国大学英语四级考试中首次“粉墨登场”，它的出现增加了大学英语四级考试的难度。
复合式听写不仅考查考生的听力理解能力，还考查考生的拼写能力、速记能力（做笔记能力）、语言组织能力（书面表达能力）和语义能力等。
也正因如此，复合式听写试题一出来后，在历次考试都是让很多考生的非常头痛的一题，想在听力部分得满分也变得更加艰难。
【命题规律】在选材上，大学英语四级复合式听写部分多为说明文或议论文，涉及科普、经济、社会、历史、文化等多方面，且其观点鲜明、条理清楚。
在设题上，所需填写信息虽然都是未知信息，但是这些信息彼此并不是孤立的，而是从文章里挑选出来的。
也就是说，未知信息是和已知信息联系在一起的，所以考生有时可以通过已知信息推断未知信息。
【考查重点】动词的考查重点主要考查其单复数形式，时态和语态以及某些特殊形式的过去式，过去分词以及虚拟语气中动词的正确形式等。
【Eg1】Almost every child, on the first day he sets foot in the school building, is smarter,…, better at finding and (37)_________things out, more confident,…【2010-6】【剖析】动词的-ing形式，由前词and可决定。
【答案】（37）figuring【Eg2】These methods can be (36)_________ into three types of informational writing: …【2009-12】【剖析】系动词be决定后面的动词应用被动语态。
【答案】（36）classified主要考查单复数、数字以及一些单复数同形的名词。
英语四六级考试复合式听写攻略
大学英语四六级考试复合式听写攻略晓风残月整理自英语四级、英语六级改革后，听力部分所占比例由原来的20%升至35%，同时，最近又多所高校以机考形式试点，意味着听力能力的培养愈加重要起来，可以说听力的好坏直接影响英语四六级考试成绩。
考试中的听力理解部分历来是很多学生的薄弱环节，复合式听写中的三个长句的听写，更是让很多同学头痛，本文辑录了许多行之有效的复合式听写方略，以期对各位有所帮助。
★题型介绍及解析复合式听写的短文长度一般为250字左右, 全文通读三遍, 要求考生在第一遍后能够了解材料的主要内容和关键信息。
第二遍要求考生根据听到的内容将短文中缺少的词汇填空, 第二遍朗读速度较慢。
第三遍阅读速度最快，要求考生检查听写的内容。
复合式听写的考察要点包括：1）对于较难单词拼写的考察。
一些长度较长，属于大学英语四级范畴但又不包含在高中词汇的往往是四级考试词汇部分的重点考查对象。
2）名词的单复数问题一直是复合式听写考察的一个重点。
3）动词的各种动词形式，如现在分词，过去分词等，考生在确认是哪个动词之后务必要确定应用哪种正确形式填写。
4）对句子的整体把握：复合式听写的句子部分为3句，长度不超过25个词，要求考生写下所听的句子或者用自己的话总结所听要点。
★必看词汇：accessible 易接近的，可达到的accessaccustom 使习惯acknowledge 承认，感谢acknowledgementacquire 习得，获得acquisitionadvantage 优势advantageous, disadvantage aggressive 好斗的，有进取心的alternative 二选一的，选择ambiguous 含混不清的，模棱两可，ambiguityappropriate 适当的，合适的inappropriatearbitrary 武断的，任意的assemble 组装，集合assess 评估，估计assessmentassociate 结合，和相关associationassurance 保证，把握bewilder 使迷惑，难住coincidence 巧合collaborate 合作collaborationcommit 犯错，犯罪；承诺commitmentcommerce 贸易，商业commercial 商业的，商业广告competence 能力, 技能competent 胜任的，称职的complement 补充compliment 赞美compulsory 必修的，强制性的complicated 复杂的confidential 机密的controversial 有争议的controversydeficient 缺乏的，不足的deficiency disciplined 遵守纪律的disciplinedisguise 伪装，掩饰distinctive 特别的，与众不同的distinct dramatically 戏剧性地;引人注目地;显著的eccentric 古怪的，异乎寻常的ecological 生态的ecologicaleligible 合意的，有资格当选的enthusiastic 热情的enthusiasmequivalent 等价的，相等物exceptional 例外的，杰出的excessive(ly) 过度，过分exhaustion 耗尽，精疲力竭exhaustextinct(ion) 熄灭，灭绝extinguish 扑灭，消亡extraordinary 非凡的，特别的genuine 真的，非人造的hinder 阻碍,妨碍,阻挡harmonious 和谐的hospitality 热情，好客illiterate 文盲，无知的illustrate 例证，说明implement 实施，执行implementation incidentally 顺便提及incompatible 矛盾的，不兼容的incredible 难以置信的individual 个人的individualism, individuality inevitable 必可避免的influential 有影响力的initiate 开创，发起intelligent 聪明的intelligenceinterfere 干预，干扰intervene 干预，阻挠magnify 扩大;增强multiply 增加,(使)繁殖overwhelming 巨大的，势不可挡的overwhelm patriotic 爱国的patriotismpeculiar 古怪的，独特的permanent 永久的，固定的perpetual 永恒的persistent 坚持不懈的pollutant 污染物predominant 占主导地位的，显著的preliminary 初步的，预备的prevail 流行，获胜prevalent 流行的，普遍的priority 优先权privilege 特权，优惠proficient 熟练的，精通的proficiencyprofound 深刻的，深奥的promote 提升，促进promotionproportion 比例proportionally按比例，成比例psychological 心里上的，精神上的psychology psychologistsensational 轰动的，耸人听闻的sophisticated 老练的，精密的spacious 宽敞的specific 具体的，明确的specifyspontaneous 自发的，无意识的statistics 统计资料subsequent(ly) 随后，后来subtle 微妙的，狡诈的sufficient 足够的，充分的superficial 表面的，肤浅的supervision 监督supervise, supervisorsupplement 补充；增刊supplementarysuspicious 疑心的sustainable 可持续的unsustainabletedious 乏味的，单调的temperament 气质，性格transmission 传播，发送transmittremendous 巨大的，精彩的unprecedented 史无前例的，空前的vulnerable 易受攻击的★词、句听写一．词汇听写:1. 大小写问题：专有名词，句子开头2. 单词各音节间的辅音字母注意是否双写。
四级复合式听写及15选10词汇整理
2006年6月——2011年6月一、复合式听写future . n未来,将来前途train . n 列车，火车.v 训练，培养admire . vt 钦佩，欣赏，称赞，夸奖schedule .n 表，清单，目录，计划表，日程安排表considerate .a体贴的;体谅的;考虑周到的waste . vt 浪费，消耗，使荒芜，使衰弱visible .a 可看见的，显而易见的，已有的，现有的necessarily . ad 必定地，必然地，必需地，必要地natural . a 自然的，天然的，不做作的usage .n 使用，用法，处理，习惯，习俗exception .n 例外，例外的人，除外，出去，反对particular .a特殊的;特定的;特别的、特有的,独特的;异常的reference .n 提及，涉及，参考，参照，参考文献，了解essay .n散文colleague .n同事,同僚,同行personal .a 个人的，私人的，本人的，亲自的mean .a吝啬的,小气的.v表示..的意思, 意指,意谓, 意欲,意图,打算adjust .vt调节;改变...以适应，校正，解决，调整aware .a知道的,察觉的, 有...方面知识competition n.竞争，竞赛standard n 标准，本位，原尺adj 标准的，本位的，基本的accustom v 使…….习惯semester n 学期inquire v 询问alarm n 警告，警报，惊慌，警报器，闹铃v 使……惊慌，征招入伍increase n 增加，增进，利益v增加，加大sheer adj 绝对的，全然的，俊俏的v躲避，躲开，使……避开adv 完全，全然，避开disturb v 扰乱，妨碍，使….不安comparison n 比较，对照proportion n 比例，均衡，部分v 比例，均衡workforce n 劳动力reverse n 相反，背面，失败adj 反面的，相反的，颠倒的v 颠倒，逆转，倒退labor n 劳动，分工，分娩v 劳动，详细分析ingredient n 成分，因素vital adj 重要的，充满活力的，生死攸关的individual n 个人，人，个别adj 个别的，独特的，单独的engage v 答应，预订，使忙碌generate v c产生，发生，使发生urgently adv 紧急的trend n 趋势，倾向，方位v 倾向phenomenon（2）n现象，特殊的人，特殊的事物particularly adv 特别的explosion n 爆炸，爆发，爆笑，激增scene n 景象，现场，场，景offence n 犯规，过错murder n 谋杀v谋杀，损毁，破坏associate n 同伴，同事v联合，联想concentrate: V ,专注，专心n,浓缩物information：n，情报，资料depend：V，情况phr，依靠，依赖straight：adv，成直线adj，不弯曲的n，异性恋者row：n，一排、争吵v，划船、吵架suspect：v，猜想、怀疑n，嫌疑人adj，可疑的、不可靠的efficiently：adv. 效率高地; 有效地classify：v，将…分类background：n，出身album：n，薄册appreciation：n，欣赏，instrument：n，器械、工具context：n，场合，环境image：n，形象，图像imply：v，暗示rate：n，速度v，对…作评估figure：n，数字v，出现curious：adj，好奇independent：adj，独立的n，无党派政治家interact：v，交流unusual：adj，不平常的formal：adj，拘谨的，正式的n，正式场合abstract：adj，纯理论上的n，抽象地，理论上的mystery：n，神秘的食物preserve：v，维护保护n，果酱、独有的活动、私人渔猎区appreciate：v，欣赏、感激、明白、增值n，欣赏adj，感激的household：n，一家人adj，家庭的convenient：adj，方便的adv，方便地，chat: vi. 聊天；闲谈receive :vt. 收到；接待；接纳submit: vt. 使服从；主张；呈递survive : vt. 幸存；生还；幸免于；比...活得长distant : adj. 遥远的；冷漠的；远隔的backward: adj. 向后的；反向的；发展迟缓的discover: vt. 发现；发觉scientific: adj. 科学的，系统的motion : n. 动作；移动；手势；请求；意向predict: vt. 预报，预言；预知introduce: vt. 介绍；引进；提出；采用二、15选10 精选estimate: vi. 估计，估价strength : n. 力量；力气；兵力；长处deliberately : adv. 故意地；谨慎地；慎重地notify: vt. 通告，通知；公布tropical : adj. 热带的；热情的；酷热的phenomenon: n. 现象；奇迹；杰出的人才stable: n. 马厩；牛棚attraction :n. 吸引，吸引力；引力；吸引人的事物completely: adv. 完全地，彻底地；完整地destructive : adj. 破坏的；毁灭性的；有害的，消极的starvation: n. 饿死；挨饿；绝食bring: vt. 带来；促使；引起；exhaustion : n. 枯竭；耗尽；精疲力竭worth : adj. 值…的strike : vi. 打，打击；罢工；敲，敲击；抓；打动；穿透scale: n. 规模；比例；鳞；刻度；天平；数值范围retailed v 零售，零卖传播；转述generate v 生成；形成产生；发出（光、电、热等）extreme adj 极端的；过激的n 极端；末端technically adv 技术上，学术上，专业上affordable adj 提供得起的situation n 形式，情况，局面，处境（建筑物等）位置，地点really adv 真，真正，实在potential adj. 潜在的；可能的；有力的n. 潜在力；潜式可能（性）gap n （意见的）分歧；隔阂间隙；缺陷v. 使割裂；豁开voluntary adj. 自愿的；自发的；志愿的故意的；有意的n 即兴演奏；自愿捐助者excessive adj. 过多的，过度的，极端的分外的；额外的insult n 侮辱，凌辱；攻击，袭击v 侮辱purchase v 购买；努力取得n 获得物，买进物；买卖；交易primarily adv 首先，最初；原来主要地；根本上result n 结果，效果；成绩v 归结为，导致结果为，由······而造成（产生）involve v 包括，涉及，引起，包含；使陷入，使卷入significant adj. 重要的，重大的；有意义的；大有讲究的range n 方向；范围；等级，种类v 排列；整理；瞄准relieve v 减少，减轻，缓和，除去救济，救助使脱离，解脱issue n 颁布，发行；论点；结果v （报刊等的）发行，发布流出，涌出，发出seriously adv 严肃；认真；严重magnificent adj. 壮观的；瑰丽的；精彩的；了不起的determine v 决定；断定，推定；限定，规定使下定决心limit n 极限，限度；限制界限；边界v 限制，限定减少gravely adv 认真地，严肃地；complain v 诉苦，抱怨，叫屈；发牢骚申诉，控诉respect(2) n 尊重，尊敬；v 尊敬，尊重；prompt adj. 敏捷的，迅速的specialize v （使）特殊化，（使）专门化专用于······；comprehensive adj. 广泛的，全面的，完整的, 有理解力的，悟性好的assume v 假定，想象，设想，以······为先决条件, 承担，担任；act n 行为；举动；动作v 扮演（角色）充当，装作生效，发生作用cooperative adj. 合作的；合作社的especially(2) adv. 特别；尤其；格外entire adj. 全部的，整个的；全体的forward adj. 早的；向前的；迅速的adv. 向将来；向前地information n. 信息，资料；通知；情报；知识image n. 影像；肖像；想象；vt. 反映；象征；想象；offer vt. 提供；试图；出价n. 提议；出价；意图vi. 提议；出现；project vi. 设计；表达；vt. 设计；计划；n. 事业；计划；工程respectively adv. 分别地；各自地，独自地technology n. 技术；工艺；role n. 角色；任务作用victim n. 受害人；牺牲品；牺牲者accomplish vt. 完成；实现；达到advance n. 发展；前进；balloon n. 气球claim n. 要求；声称；索赔；断言；vt. 要求；声称；需要；vi. 提出要求constantly adv. 不断地；时常地declare vt. 宣布，声明；断言，宣称vi. 声明，宣布interview n.采访；面试，vt. 采访；接见；对…进行面谈；对某人进行面试limit n. 限制；限度；界线vt. 限制；限定manufacture n. 制造；制造业；产品vt. 制造；加工；捏造vi. 制造moment n. 重要，契机；瞬间；重要时刻；指定时刻reduce(2) vi. 减少；缩小；vt. 减少；降低；new adj. 新的，新鲜的；regret n. 遗憾；抱歉；悲叹vi. 感到后悔；感到抱歉vt. 后悔；惋惜；totally adv. 完全地character(2) n. 性格，品质；特性；角色；scary adj. 提心吊胆的；引起惊慌的；胆小的communicate vi. 通讯; 交际, 交流vt.沟通abundant adj. 大量的, 充足的completely(2) adv. 完整地, 完全地derive vt. & vi. 1. 得到; （从…中）得到获得(from)desire vt. 希望, 渴望n. 愿望, 欲望, 心愿vi. 有希望，期望diversity n. 多样化;多样性escape vt. & vi. 逃避, 避开; 免除; ~ (from sth)establish(2) vt. 建立, 成立narrow adj. 狭窄的; 狭隘的naturally adv. 天然地; 天生地,自然而然地personnel n. 1. (总称)人员; 员工；全体人员；职员2. 人事部门properly adv. 适当地;正当地;正确地widen vt. & vi. 放宽, 加宽, (使)变closer adj. 1. 靠近的daily adj.每日的, 日常的n. 1. 日报adv.每日, 常常，经常emotional adj. 1. 表现强烈情感的, 令人动情的2. 易动感情的, 情绪激动的3. 感情的, 情绪的enhance vt. 1. 提高, 增加, 加强2. 增进，增大，扩大；改善vi.1. (价值等)上升；(价格等)上涨；提高enormous adj. 巨大的, 极大的, 庞大的hinder vt. & vi. 阻碍,妨碍,阻挡mission n. 使命, 任务, 天职painful adj. 1. 令人疼痛的2. 不愉快的；困难的；艰难的3. 令人痛苦（或难过、难堪）的performance n.演出, 表演profession n. 职业remarkably adv. 1. 引人注目地;明显地;非常地require vt. 1. 有赖于…; 需要2. 命令, 指示3. 要求, 规定vi. 1. 要求；规定sensitive adj. 易受伤害的, 易损坏的; 易受影响的; 敏感的; 过敏的n. 1. 敏感的人2. 具有超感觉的人；通灵者urge vt. 力劝; 敦促; 催促n.. 强烈的愿望; 强烈的欲望; 冲动vi. 1. 驱策；激励；赶紧，加速行动2. 恳求；力荐；竭力主张already adv.早已, 已经analyze。
大学英语四级听力复合式听写专项训练
大学英语四级听力复合式听写专项训练Passage 1Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill inthe blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have justheard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in themissing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exactwords you have just heard or write down the main points in your ownwords. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you shouldcheck what you have written.注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上；请在答题卡2上作答。
For Americans, time is money. They say, ―you only get so much time in this life; you’d better use it wisely.‖ The (36) ________ wi ll not be better than the past or present, as American are (37) ________ to see things, unless people use their time for constructive activity. Thus Americans (38) ________ a ―well-organized‖ person, one who has a written list of thins to do and a (39) ________ for doing them. The ideal person is punctual and is (40) ________ of other people’s time. They do not (41) ________ people’s time with conversation or other activity that has no (42) ________ beneficial outcome.The American attitude toward time is not (43) ________ shared by others, especially non-Europeans. They are more likely to regard time as (44) ________________________________. One of the more difficult things many students must adjust to in the states is the notion that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.In the contest (45) ________________________________, McDonald’s, KFC, and other fast food establishments are successful in a country where many people want to spend the least amount of time preparing and eating meals. As McDonald’s restaurants (46) ________________________________, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.Passage 2Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill inthe blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have justheard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in themissing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exactwords you have just heard or write down the main points in your ownwords. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you shouldcheck what you have written.注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上；请在答题卡2上作答。
巅峰听力Part4复合式听写
巅峰听力Part4复合式听写大学英语四级考试听力训练之复合式听写(一)复合式听写要求在听完一篇约250词的文章后，把文章中空缺的内容补充完整。
听写一共朗读三遍。
第一遍:全文朗读，正常语速。
第二遍:遇到要填写的单词处，略有停顿，遇到句子有较长时间停顿;第三遍:语速正常。
技巧:1. 根据篇章结构来预测专注于段首的主题句，关联词，段与段之间逻辑关系等2. 根据语法结构来预测判断空白处文字在句中的成分和词性; 特殊句型的搭配等训练重点:单词读准，写准历年听写考过的单词:additional architecture artificial average boring cancer coupled crossed describedespite destroyed distant emotionally ensure establish experiences familiarfocused historical increasingly instruments investigated mysterious normalpercent perhaps permitted popular prints quality recommendrelativelyretirement romantic ruining species success typical uniform value 容易拼写错误的单词:campaign architecture artificial emotionally species mysterious establishedinstruments investigated recommend acceptable accidentally accommodate acquireacquit amateur apparent argument atheist believe calendarcategory cemetery changeable collectible column committed conscience conscientious conscious consensus definitely discipline drunkenness embarrassmentequipment exceed existence experience fiery foreign gaugegrateful guarantee harass height hierarchy humorous ignoranceimmediate independent indispensable intelligence jewelry judgment leisureliaison license lightning maintenance maneuver medieval millennium miniature mischievous misspell neighbor noticeable occasionally pastimeperseverance personnel playwright publicly questionnairereceive/receipt recommendreferred reference relevant restaurant rhyme schedule separate sergeant threshold twelfth tyranny until vacuum weather/whether weird1Drill 1 (P118-119)There are a lot of good cameras available at the moment – most of these are made in Japan but there arealso good (S1)________ models from Germany and the USA. We have(S2)__________ a range of different models to see which is the best (S3) _________ for money. After a number of different tests and interviews with people who are (S4) _________ with different cameras being assessed, our researchers (S5) _________ the Olympic BY model as the best auto-focus camera available at the moment. It costs $200 although you maywell want to spend more – (S6) _________ as much as another $200 – on buying (S7)__________lenses and other equipment. It is a good Japanese camera, easy to use. Equivalent German models tend to be (S8)__________ and slightlyless easy to use, whereas the American versions are considerably more(S9) ____________.The Olympic BY model weighs only 320 grams, which is quite a bitless than other cameras of a similar type. Indeed one of the other models we look at weighed almost twice as much. Similarly, it is smaller than most of its competitors, thus fitting easily into a pocket or handbag. All the people we interviewed expressed almost total(S10)______________ with it. The only problem was a slight awkwardnessin loading the film.Drill 2 (P125-126)The Library of Congress is America’s national library. It hasmillions of books and other objects. It has newspapers, (S1)________ publications as well as letters of (S2) _________ interest. It also has maps, photographs, art (S3)_________, movies, sound recordings andmusical (S4)____________. All together, it has more than 100 million objects.The Library of Congress is open to the public Monday through Saturday, except for public holidays. Anyone may go there and read anything in the collection. But no one is (S5)________ to take books out of the building.The Library of Congress was (S6)___________ in 1800. It started with eleven boxes of books in one room of the Capitol Building. By 1814, the collection had increased to about 3,000 books. They were all(S7)________ that year when the Capitol was burned down during America’s war with Britain.To help rebuild the library, Congress bought the books of President Thomas Jefferson. Mr. Jefferson’scollection included 7,000 books in seven languages. In 1897, the library moved into its own building – acrossthe street from the Capitol. Today, three buildings hold thelibrary’s collection. The library provides booksand materials to the US Congress and also lends books to other American libraries, government (S8)__________ and foreign libraries. It buys some of its books and gets others as (S9)________. It also gets materials through its copyright office. Anyone who wants copyright protection for a publication in US must send two copies to the library. This means the Library of Congress receives almost everything that is (S10)___________ in the United States.Drill 3 (新东方英语背诵美文30篇-摘取梦想的启明星)Good Mistakes by Dave BalchIt’s good to make mistakes, and here’s why.First of all, mistakes are a clear (1)________ that you are trying new things. It’s always good to try newthings because when you are trying new things you are growing. Ifyou never try anything new, how can you (2)_______? How can you expand? How can you (3)____________? The simple answer is, “You can’t.”Look around you. With very few (4)_________, either everything you see in your physical world or every single (5)_________ of every single thing is the result of someone trying something new.Another good thing about mistakes is this: when you are making mistakes, you are (6)_____________. Consider this: Edison failed 10,000 times before he perfected the light bulb. When asked how it felt to fail that many times, re remarked that he had n’t failed 10,000 times, but (7)______________ had learned 10,0002things that didn’t work.Finally, when you make a mistake you are that much closer to(8)_____________. Why?Because when all is said and done, you will have tried some finite (9)___________ of things before you succeeded. Every time you made a mistake you (10)_____________ one of those things and are one step closer.But this all doesn’t mean that you should forge ahead with disregard for the (11)____________ of a mistake. Quite the contrary, when you try something new you have to be willing to set some(12)____________ limits so that, in the event that it doesn’t work out the way you want it to, you will be in aposition to try again.We all have limited (13)______________ in the form of time and money so don’t blow them all on oneapproach to a problem. Realize that it probably won’t be perfect the first time and allocate these resourcesappropriately so you can learn, (14)____________, and try it again. Only by embracing and using your mistakes in this way can you make significant (15)_____________ in your business and your career.There is an old axiom that goes, “If you’re not making mistakes, you’re not trying hard enough.” So goforth and make mistakes. And learn, and grow, and prosper.Drill 4 The Beauty of Nature by Ralph Waldo EmersonNature satisfies by its loveliness, and without any mixture of corporeal benefit. I see the spectacle of (1)_____________ from the hilltop over against my house, from daybreak to (2)___________, with emotions which an angle might (3)____________. The long slender bars of cloud (4)__________ like fishes in the sea of crimson (深红色的) light. From the earth, as a shore, I look out into that (5)___________ sea. Iseem to partake its rapid transformations; the active enchantment reaches my dust, and I dilate(膨胀) and conspire(合作，协力) with the morning wind. How does Nature deify(神化) us with a few and cheap elements! Give mehealth and a day, and I will make the pomp of emperors ridiculous. The dawn is my Assyria; the sunset and moonrise my Paphos, and unimaginable realms of faerie; broad noon shall be my England of the senses and the understanding; the night shall be my Germany of mystic (8)____________ and dreams.Drill 5 Success Is on the Other Side by Stuart RosenEverybody want success. Some people aim for it; others just talk about it. We all know what it looks like, when someone else has it. Oftentimes it just seems like something too far (1)_____ ____ ________.The truth is: Success is closer t han you think. It’s just on the other side. You have to want it enough, andbe willing (2)__________ to get it.On the other side of fearFear is you biggest obstacle – fear of (3)_________; fear of the judgment of others; fear of actually (4)____________. It will trip you up every time. It will cause you to make decisions that may seem “right” atthe time, but they’re preventing you from actually (5)______________ that wall.On the other side of excusesSuccess has no excuses. You (6)_______ get it or you don’t. Theminute you find a reason not to takeanother step towards success is the (7)_________ you stop being successful. In the symphony of success, excuses are just (8)____________.On the other side of obstaclesEveryone faces changes; different ones at different times. We all handle the same (9)____________ differently; we all have different results. It’s how you handle each one and what you (10)_______ ________ the results that count. An obstacle is something you either find away around o r allow to stop you. Remember, you’ve got to get(11)__________ obstacles in order to succeed.On the other side of failuresNot everything words; even if it works for other people, the samething just doesn’t work for us. So3what? Failure can either become an obstacle and an (12)___________or it can become your (13)_________ in what not to do.It takes (14)___________, commitment and follow-through.They call it a ladder of success for a reason, because you need to (15)__________ it in order to ge t somewhere. It’s not a escalator. You just don’t (16)__________ there and let it do the work for you. Youhave to do the work yourself. Sometimes it will be easy; other timesyou’ll be carrying a heavy load on your(17)_____________. The ladder remains the same. Success still(18)_________ on the other side. It’s goingto take determination and (19)__________ on your (20)_______ to get up and over that wall.Which side do you want to be?Drill 6 You’re A Beautiful Person by Anonymous(无名氏)I with that I could tell every person that I meet that he or she isa beautiful person – and(1)_______ _____ _______ it. I with I could look them in the eyes and tell them of their beauty and have them accept the words for what they truly are – the truth, (2)____________.You and I both know that most people will (3)___________ their beauty, expressing what they feel is modesty of humility. It’s easier for us to be told that we’re (4)________ ________________ -- our own beauty is something(5)_____________________________.You could help me to (6)________ people ______ their innate beauty. You could agree with me in an effort (7) ____ _____________ ________________. You could give a few specifics to illustrate just what we’re talking about when we say the person is beautiful. You could reassure the person that I’m not saying it to flatter or to win the person over or (8)________________________________________________, but just trying to express (9)______ ________ the beauty I see when I look into that person’e ey es and see humanbeing there, the person who gets happy and hurt and(10)___________________________.You can help me by (11)______ the person that beauty isn’t about (12)_________________________, but about the part of us(13)____________________________________. It’snot all physical and it’s not all spiritual, but a tender combination of all that we are.4KeysDrill 11. quality2. investigated3. value4. familiar5. recommend6.perhaps7. additional8. heavier9. expensive 10. satisfactionDrill 21. popular2. historical3. prints4. instruments5. permitted6. established7. destroyed8. agencies9. gifts 10. published Drill 31. sign2. improve3. innovate4. exception5. detail6. learning7. rather8. success9. number 10. eliminated 11. consequences 12. reasonable 13. resources 14. modify 15. advancesDrill 41. morning2. sunrise3. share4. float5. silent6. elements7. moonrise8. philosophyDrill 51. out of reach2. enough3. failure4. succeeding5. getting over6. either7. the moment8. noise9. challenges 10. do with 11. passed 12. excuse 13. teacher 15. effort 15. climb 16. stand 17. shoulders 18.waits 19. persistence 20 part Drill 61. have them believe2. plain and simple3. deny54. talented or intelligent5. th at we don’t want to face6. convince …of7. to reinforce the message 8. get something out of the person 9. in words10.who laughs and who cries 11. reminding12. comparing ourselves with others 13. that shines when we love others and love life.6。
英语四级复合式听写
一、认真核查单词拼写Separate Separate saparatea.大小写问题位于句首的单词首字母要大写。
b.不要漏写不发音的字母: ex h aust; ex h ibition; h onour;i s land; com b; tombc.单词中辅音字母的单、双写问题assistant asisstant二、注意名词的单复数a.空格前a\an 填可数名词单数b.the 单数、复数c.Few; a few; many;a good(great) many; a number of可数名词复数d.little, alittle, much, a great deal of, an amount of 不可数名词e.some any a lot of plenty of, a quantity of, masses of可数、不可数f. 以o结尾+es negro; hero; volcano; tomato,potato; echo三、注意动词的变化：过去式、过去分词根据上下文的语法关系来判断所填词的时态和语态completed四、注意形容词和副词的词尾-able; -ous; -ive; -ing;-ed; ten-week ten weeks-ly happ i ly whole whol ly wholely complete completely Completlly注意区分同音词和近音词1.Chip---cheap pitch---peach2.become---be calm stuff---staff hut---heart3.fresh---flash letter-latter mess-mass4.cows---cause down-dawn town----torn5.crime----cram fight---fat pine-pan-pen6.take it---ticket weight-wait—wheat bay-bee7.ear---air cheer---chair dear-dare8.veil---whale vest-west vet-wet9.same---shame sign-shine sigh-shy10.sing-thing pass—path sink-think11.prize-pirce rise-rice fuzz-fuss12.close-clothe s wise-with13.sudden—southern border-bother dose-those14.rose-roads bands—bans15.trip-chip train-chain track-check16.correct-collect。
CET4复合式听写技巧总结
CET4复合式听写技巧总结复合式听写是近年来四级考试的热门题目，已经陆陆续续考了六次。
分别是97年6月，98年1月，01年6月，03年1月，04年6月和05年一月。
从这些数据我们可以看出，复合式听写考试密度越来越大，并且内容也从最早的故事人物类文章开始，到了２００1年6月考了人们普遍关心的健康话题，03年1月考了过度捕鱼造成的环境问题。
最近几年又考了文化方面的文章，如美国国会图书馆以及各个国家数码相机的比较。
对于这类题，同学们普遍感到比较焦虑。
原因是我们同学存在两大障碍。
首先就是听力障碍。
复合式听写要求我们先听懂，然后再写下来。
很多同学在听方面都有问题。
首先是前面7个单词，原文要求我们每空只填一个单词，但是由于文章速度比较快，有些同学反应不过来什么意思，更不要说后面的三个句子了。
第二个问题就是拼写问题。
有的同学听懂了单词的意思，但是由于平时单词基本功不扎实，往往在拼写方面出差错，导致了好不容易听出来一个单词，结果却一分也没有得到。
例如97年6月考试中第2个空填写relatively,有的同学费了九牛二虎之力将这个单词听出来，却不清楚到底有没有e，写成了relativly，因此一分也不能得到。
复合式听写体现学生英语的综合实力，要取得好成绩的关键在于平时的刻苦练习以及考场上的从容发挥，具体体现在一下几点：I．备考策略：平时练习提高英语听力实力最有效的方法就是平时多做练习。
提高听力的途径有两种：一种是泛听，一种是精听。
所谓泛听，就是说我们可以根据自己的爱好选择喜欢的听力材料，其目的是培养我们对听力的兴趣以及语感。
例如有的同学喜欢看电影，看完电影以后学到了美国地道兄弟的表达法是mate,brother,body等。
通过日常这样慢慢地积累，同学们的英语知识会逐渐增加。
但是很多同学看电影的时候只是注意到下面的字幕，一部电影完了不仅连一个英文表达法没有学到，连电影的英文名字也不知道叫什么。
根据近几年四级的考题来看，电影已经成为考试不可缺少的一部分，其中05年6月的考题当中还直接说出了电影的名称，让同学们措手不及。
2014年四级复合式听写历年真题汇总
2014年6月2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第一套）In this section, you will hear a passage three times .When the passage is read for the first time ,you should listen carefully for itsgeneral idea .When the passage is read for the second time , you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard .Finally, when the passage is read for the third time ,you should check what you have written.Among the kinds of social gestures most significant for second-language teachers are those which are ___26___ in form but different in meaning in the two cultures. For example, a Colombian who wants someone to ___27___ him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand, cupped, point downward as they move rapidly ___28___ Speakers of English have a similar gesture though the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely, but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away, quite the ___29___ of the Colombian gesture. Again, in Colombia, a speaker of English would have to know that when he ___30___ height he must choose between different gestures depending on whether he is ___31___ a human being or an animal. If he keeps the palm of the hand ___32___ the floor, as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child, for example, he will very likely be greeted by laughter; in Colombia this gesture is ___33___ for the description of animals. In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand ___34___ to the floor. Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also ___35___ moments. In bothof the examples above, speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture, physically, but its meaning differs sharply.答案26 identil 27 approach 28 back and forth 29 opposite 30 indicates 31 referring 32 parallel 33 reserved 34at a right angle 35 embarrassing2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第二套）In this section, you will hear a passage three times .When the passage is read for the first time ,you should listen carefully for its general idea .When the passage is read for the second time , you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard .Finally, when the passage is read for the third time ,you should check what you have written.According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he is considered ___26___ until the court proves the person is guilty.To arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been ___27___. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they arc arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station, where the name of the person and the ___28___ against him arc formally listed.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or ___29___. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court ___30___ run away. he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect mustput up bail（保释金）. At this time, too, the judge will ___31___ a court lawyer to defend the suspect if he can't afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney's office presents a case against the suspect. The attorney may present ___32___ as well as witnesses. The judge then decides whether there is enough reason to ___33___.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is ___34___ to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the___35___ of the American government.答案26 innocent 27 committed 28 charges 29released 30 rather than 31 appoint 32 evidence33 hold a trial 34 designed 35 foundation2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（三）In this section, you will hear a passage three times .When the passage is read for the first time ,you should listen carefully for itsgeneral idea .When the passage is read for the second time , you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard .Finally, when the passage is read for the third time ,you should check what you have written.Almost every child,on the first day he sets foot in a school building,more__26___,less afraid of what he doesn’t know,betterat finding and__27_____,more confident,resourceful(机敏的),persistent and__28__then he will ever be again in his schooling--or, unless he is very unusual and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already,by paying close attention to and_29__the world and people around him, and without any school—type formal instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and_30__than anying he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for yeas. He has solved the__31__of language. He has discovered it—babies don’t even know that language exists—and he has found out how it works and learnt to use it__32__.He has done it by exploring,by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, by __33__and seeing whether it works by gradually changing it and__34__it until it does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, including many of the__35__that the schools think only they can teach him, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.答案26.curious 27.figuring things out 28.independent29.interacting with 30.abstract 31.mystery32.appropriately 33.trying it out 34.refining 35.concepts2013年12月英语四级考试真题（一）In this section, you will hear a passage three times .When the passage is read for the first time ,you should listen carefully for itsgeneral idea .When the passage is read for the second time , you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard .Finally, when the passage is read for the third time ,you should check what you have written.When Captain Cook asked the chiefs in Tahiti why they always ate __26__, they replied. "Because it is right." If we ask Americans why they eat with knives and forks, or why their men wear pants __27__ skirts, or why they may be married to only one person at a time, we are likely to get __28__ and very uninformative answers: "Because it's right. " "Because that's the way it's done." "Because it's the __29__. " Or even "I don't know. " The reason for these and countless other patterns of social behavior is that they are __30__ by social norms-shared rules or guidelines which prescribe thebehavior that is appropriate in a given situation. Norms __31__ how people "ought" to behave under particular circumstances in a particular society. We conform(遵守) to norms so readily that we are hardly aware they __32__. In fact, we are much more likely to notice __33__ from norms than conformity to them. You would not be surprised if a stranger tried to shake hands when you were introduced, but you might be a little __34__ if they bowed, started to stroke you, or kissed you on both __35__ Yet each of these other forms of greeting is appropriate in other parts of the world. When we visit another society whose norms are different, we quickly become aware that things we do this way, they do that way.答案26. apart and alone 27. instead of 28. Similar 29. custom 30. Controlled31. Define 32. exist 33. Departures 34. startled 35. Cheeks2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）In this section, you will hear a passage three times .When the passage is read for the first time ,you should listen carefully for itsgeneral idea .When the passage is read for the second time , you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard .Finally, when the passage is read for the third time ,you should check what you have written.My favorite T.V. show? “The Twilight Zone.”I(26) like the episode called “The Printer’sDevil.”It’s about a newspaper editor who’s being (27) out of business by a big newspaper syndicate—you know, a group of papers (28) bythe same people.He’s about to (29) when he’s interrupted by an old man who says his name is Smith. The editor is not only offered $5,000 to pay off his newspaper’s (30), but this Smith character alsooffers his services for free.It turns out that the guy operates the printing machine with amazing speed, and soon he’s turning out newspapers with (31). The small paper is successful again. The editor is (32) at how quickly Smith gets his stories—only minutes after they happen—but soon he’s presented with a contract to sign. Mr.Smith, it seems, is really the devil! The editor is frightened by this news, but he is more frightened by the idea of losing his newspaper, so he agrees to sign. But soon Smith is (33) the news even before it happens—and it’s all terrible—one disaster after another. Anyway, there is a little more to tell, but I don’t want to (34) the story for you. I really like these old episodes of “The Twilight Zone”because the stories are fascinating. They are not realistic. But then again, in a way they are, because they deal with (35).答案：26.especially 27.driven 28.owned mit suicide 30.debts31.shocking headlines 32.amazed 33.reporting 34.ruin 35.human nature2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题（二）In this section, you will hear a passage three times .When the passage is read for the first time ,you should listen carefully for itsgeneral idea .When the passage is read for the second time , you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard .Finally, when the passage is read for the third time ,you should check what you have written.There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and (26) in a file cabinet. It could remain there for years and, often (27), never reach the outside world. Things have done a complete about—face since then. (28) the change has been the astonishingly (29) development in recent years of the computer. Today, any data that is (30) about us in one place or another—and for one reason or another—can be stored in a computer bank. It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. They are owned by individuals and by private businesses and corporations, lending (31), direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and (32) at the local, state, and federal level.A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized data as a frightening (33) of their privacy. Surveys show that the number of worried Americans has been steadily growing over the years as the computer becomes increasingly (34), easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain. In 1970, a national survey showed that 37 percent of the people (35) felt their privacy was being invaded. Seven years later, 47 percent expressed the same worry. A recent survey by a credit bureau revealed that the number of alarmed citizens had shot up to 76 percent.答案：26.locked away 27.forgotten 28.Responsible for 29.swift 30.collected 31.institutions ernment agencies 33.invasion 34.efficient 35.questioned2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第三套）In the center of a big city there are usually dozens of large office buildings that house big banks , corporation headquarters, and government agencies. Thousands of people work in these buildings. People who do all the office work are called white-color workers. __26___ and receptionists, bookkeepers and computer operators work for many different kinds of companies.Many office works dream of working their way up to the top , from clerk to ___27__ of a corporation . The way lies through middle management . Middle management includes junior executives, who may fill __28___ jobs , supervise other workers in the company , ___29___ action to top management , or see that the company’s policies are ___30___ . At the very top are the senior executives . They ___31____ the policies for their own companies , especially __32___ . The Chief Executive Officer , or CEO , of a large __33___ has a large deal of power and influence .It is believed that one can start out at the bottom and go all the top . Because financial matters are so import , some accountants become top executives . In companies where technology is important , people with an engineering background can also rise to the top . Nowadays, however ,education ___34___ in the selection of people for management jobs . Universities in business administration . The graduates of these courses often start out in middle management jobs . From there , they can easily get promoted if they show the necessary ___35___ and ability.答案：26.Secretaries 27.president 28.specialized 29 . recommend 30. being carried out 31.establish 32.financial matters 33.corporation 34 .plays a central part 35.personality2012年12月大学英语四级考试真题Americans today have different eating habits than they had in the past . There is a wide __26__ of food available . They have a broader knowledge of nutrition(营养),so they buy more fresh fruit and __27__ than ever before . At the same time , Americans purchase increasing quantities of sweets and sodas .Statistics show that the way people who live ＿28＿the way they eat . American lifestyles have changed . There are now __29___ people who live alone , single parents and children , and double-income families . These changing lifestyles are __30___ for the increasing number of people who must __31__ meals or sometimes simply go without them . Many Americans have less time than ever before to __32___.Partly as a consequence of this limited time , over half of all Americans homes now have microwave ovens . Moreover , Americans eat out nearly four times a week on average .It is easy to study the amounts and kind of food that people consume . The United States Department of Agriculture and the food industry collect saletes statistics and ___33__. This information not only tells us what people are eating , but also tells us about the changes in __34__ and tastes . Red meat , which used to be the most popular choice for dinner, is no longer an American ___35___.Instead ,chicken , turkey and fish have become more popular . Sales of these foods have greatly increased in recent years .答案：26.selection 27.vegetables 28. determines 29.growing numbers of 30. responsible 31.rush 32.spend preparing food 33. keep accurate records 34. attitudes 35.favorite。
历年大学英语四级复合式听写单词汇总+作文经典句子
历年大学英语四级复合式听写单词汇总：（冲刺）(牢记) 2006-6complex partially transfer deserve insurance expe Position c omplex immigrant nses i mmigrant 2006-12restore h i hisightseeing r estore Budget personality emotional behavior s ightseeing storical achieve 2007-6Seriously reservation commercial regret admission assistan t cripple Celebrate 2007-12Reception furniture influence athlete efficient recruit adoption crisis i nfluence 2008-6Audience reputation revenue technology tedious compare consult disguise 2008-12profitable r esident resident intelligence Extremely abstract Search cultural community 2009-06contract depressed entertain observe par Confirm p romotion promotion c ontract severe ticular s evere 2009-12effect p r prelement instruction essential e ffect challenge Security advance omotion a dvance 2010-6inflation c ustomer customer colleag ue i nflation Assignment e xcept except e xperience experience requirement challenging c olleag 2010-12eventually(eventual) regulation （regular；regulate）recommend （recommendation）previous （preview） r ecommend eventually （eventual ） appealing （appeal ） t ragedy tragedy （tragic ） suspect （suspicion ； suspicious ）四级考试作文经典常用句型开头:Recently, the problem of … h has aroused people’s concern. as aroused people’s concern. as aroused people’s concern. 最近,…问题已引起人们的关注.With the development development of of science and and technology, technology, technology, more more and more more people people believe believe that… that… 随着科技的发展随着科技的发展,,越来越多的人认为…引出不同观点:People’s People’s views views on… vary from person to person. Some hold that… . However, others believe that…. 人们对…的观点因人而异.有些人认为….. 然而其他人却认为．．．论证:From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.在我看来在我看来,,支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理. .给出原因:This phenomenon phenomenon exists exists for for some some reasons. reasons. For For one thing,thing,… … ; ; For For another,another,…. …. P erhaps the primary reason is…这一现象的存在是有许多原因的这一现象的存在是有许多原因的.. 一个原因是… 令一个原因是… 或许其主要原因是….提出建议: Only in this way can we… 只有这样只有这样,,我们才能…结尾:Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that…把所有这些因素加以考虑把所有这些因素加以考虑,,我们自然会得出结论…如何连接：强调Indeed, after all, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway对比on the contrary, conversely （“相反地，反之”）列举for example, for instance, such as, take …for example.时间eventually eventually（最后）（最后）（最后）, , meanwhile, meanwhile, in in the meantime, meantime, in in the meanwhile, meanwhile, at at the same time顺序to begin with, first and most important(important(第一并且最重要的是第一并且最重要的是第一并且最重要的是))，last last but but not least(least(最最后但不是最不重要的是后但不是最不重要的是) )可能probably, perhaps.解释in other words, that is, that is to say递进What’What’s more, in addition, besides, furthermore, moreover s more, in addition, besides, furthermore, moreover让步although+although+句子句子句子, after all, in spite of + , after all, in spite of + , after all, in spite of + 名词名词名词 = despite + = despite + = despite +名词名词名词 （“尽管”）（“尽管”）转折however, rather than, instead of, nevertheless原因because+because+句子句子句子, , , （（due to due to，，thanks to, because of, owing to + thanks to, because of, owing to + 名词或名词短语）名词或名词短语）名词或名词短语）结果as a result, therefore, consequently as a result, therefore, consequently（因此，结果是）（因此，结果是）（因此，结果是）总结to sum up, to conclude其他Mostly, currently, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent to a large extent（在很大程度上）（在很大程度上）（在很大程度上）, for most of us, in many cases, in this case, , for most of us, in many cases, in this case,。
大学英语四六级复合式听写常考词汇总结
大学英语四六级复合式听写常考词汇总结Trend associated distribution appetite deserveathlete Intelligent foundation boost initial obligate material Phenomenon semester workforce bargain vehicle humourreflect inspire collapsepurchase budget profoundcancel essential cassetteconquer coordination standardguilty proportion colleagueattempt dramatic occasionallycomedy artificial mysteriousintimate decline descriptionschedule necessarily additionalabundant challenge establishaccompany classical depriveAccelerate derive hindercapacity accumulate categoryimmense advertise commercialIdentity access appropriateappreciate texture instantcriminal arbitrary decorateauthority emphasize accuratebeneficial convenience tonguefunction ceremony horizonaccommodation flat anniversaryrange information independentofficial course concretearchitecture system boundaryrest anticipate circumstancecompetition mineral concentrateflood considerate administrateCombine survive complicatedregard special managementcontribute consist serverefrigerator influence psychologycompetitiveness commerce efficientApparently curiosity abstractavailable alternative distinctattractive apartment enterpriseobject individual describeindispensable decade appearexplorer investigate symboldiscuss prejudice rootliterature produce negotiatedispose fundamental eventuallyincredible gratitude opportunityoptimistic resident executivetemporary generous surrenderensure familiar averagevariety taboo normalstable typical guaranteeFormal philosophy physicianSurgeon surgery comparisonabroad adv.到国外 aboard adv./prep.上(船，飞机)adapt v.适应;编辑 adopt v.收养；采纳 adept a.娴熟的affect v.影响, 假装 effect n.结果, 影响allusion n.暗示illusion n.幻觉delusion n.错觉elusion n.逃避altar n.祭坛 alter v.改变amend v.改正, 修正 emend n.校正amoral a.与道德无关的 unmoral adj.与immoral 同义不道德的angel n.天使 angle n.角(度)assent v.同意 ascent n.上升 accent n.口音assure v.保证 ensure v.使确定 insure n.保险aural adj.耳的 oral adj.口头的baron n.男爵 barren adj.贫瘠的,不毛之地的 barn n.古仓beam n.梁；光束 bean n.豆 been v. have 过去式champion n.冠军 champagne n.香槟酒 campaign n.战役chicken n.鸡 kitchen n.厨房chore n.家务活 chord n.和弦 cord n.细绳cite v.引用 site n.场所 sight n.视觉clash n.(金属的)幢击声；冲突 crash v.碰幢，坠落 crush v.压坏commerce n.商业 commence v.开始compliment n.赞美 complement n.附加物confirm v.确认 conform v.使顺从contact v./n.接触 contract n.合同 contrast v./n.对照contend v.奋斗, 斗争 content n.内容adj.满足的context n.上下文 contest n./v.竞争, 比赛continual adj.断断续续的 continuous adj.连续不断的costume n.服装 custom n.习惯council n.议会 counsel v./n.忠告 consul n.领事crow n.乌鸦 crown n.王冠 clown n.小丑 cow n.牛dairy n.牛奶厂 diary n.日记decent adj.正经的 descent n.下降；血统，祖籍 descend v. 向下dessert n.甜食 desert n.沙漠v.放弃 dissert v.写论文dose n.一剂药 doze v.打盹drawn v. draw的过去分词 drown v.溺水drought n.天旱 draught n.通风, 拖拉 draughts n.(英)国际跳棋emigrant n.移民到国外 immigrant n.从某国来的移民except v.除外 expect v.期望 accept v.接受excerpt n.摘录，节录 exempt v.免除excess n. 超过 exceed v.超过 excel v.擅长expand v.扩张 expend v.花费 extend v.延长expect v.期望 respect v.尊敬 aspect n.方面inspect v.视察 suspect v.怀疑extensive adj.广泛的 intensive adj.深刻的floor n.地板 flour n.面粉glide v.滑翔 slide v.使滑行 slip v.跌落hotel n.旅店 hostel n.青年旅社immoral n.不道德的 immortal n.不朽的implicit adj.含蓄的 explicit adj.明白的incident n.事件 accident n.意外inspiration n.灵感 aspiration n.渴望。
英语四级复合式听写01
复合式听写01The London Borough of Camden provides many services for elderly residents, among which are the preparation for (1) __________ courses. These courses, (2) __________ for ten afternoons, are run three times a year from September to June. They are basically designed for people due to (3) __________ within a few years and these students are normally (4) __________ for half days by their employers, but those already in retirement are also welcome to join. The courses last about ten weeks and cost six (5) __________ per person, normally paid by the employers, with a (6) __________ for those already retired or receiving supplementary benefit. The courses include practical talks from specialist speakers on (7) __________ subjects such as pensions and tax. A wide field of (8) __________ activities is also covered and sufficient time is left for questions and discussion. There is also a senior citizens' club held at the Merry Ward Center on weekday afternoons from one thirty to three thirty. (9) _____________________________ including dress-making and carpentry. (10) _____________________________ . Other services at the center include legal advice at reduced rates to those who otherwise could not afford it and free financial advice from the financial section on Monday and Wednesday between six and eight p.m. (11) _____________________________ .(1) retirement (2) lasting (3) retire (4) released (5) pounds (6) reduction (7) relevant(8) leisure (9) The club arranges discussion groups and handicraft sessions(10) Membership is free and a member can attend any courses held there free of charge(11) Any other personal problem can be discussed with the counselor on Tuesday and Thursday afternoons from three thirty to four复合式听写03Setting GoalsWhy is setting goals important? Because goals can help you do, be, and ______ everything you want in life. Instead of just letting life happen to you, ______ allow you to make your life happen. Successful and happy people have a ______ of how their life should be and they set lots of goals, both ______ and long-range, to help them reach their vision. By ______ goals you are taking control of your life. It's like having a map to show you where you want to go. ______ in life set goals and follow through on them. Winners decide what they want in life and then get there by making plans and setting goals. Unsuccessful people just let life happen by ______ . Goals aren't difficult to set—and they aren't difficult to reach. It's up to you to find out what your goals, ideals , and visions really are._____________________________________________ . Research tells us that when we write a goal down we are more likely to achieve it._____________________________________________ . Like an agreement with yourself, they are harder to neglect or forget. Also_____________________________________________ . to be continuously aware of situations that will further your goal.key:1、experience2、goals3、vision4、short-term5、setting6、Winners7、accident8、ideals9、You are the one who must decide what to go after and in what direction to aim your life . 10、Writing goals can be reviewed regularly, and have more power.11、when you write your goals in a particular fashion you are able to stimulate your subconscious复合式听写04American MoneyAmerican money can be quite (1) ______ . The bills —or paper money —are all the same color and (2) ______ . One has to look carefully to be sure he is giving out a $1 bill and not a $10 bill, for example. Furthermore, new bills (3) ______ , together easily. Be sure this does not happen to you.Coins are also confusing. This is partly because some of them have two names, partly because the size doe not (4) ______ the value. The ten-cent coin is smaller than the five-cent coin, for example. In addition all coins are (5) ______ except for the penny (one cent) which is brown color or copper colored.1 cent, or penny, is the coin of smallest value, equal to 1/100 of a dollar. It is useful for some parking (6) ______ and some sales taxes but a penny does not buy very much! Five pennies are equal to one nickel. A coin of 10 cents, the smallest in size of all the coins, is one of the most useful. It is used for pay-phones, buying newspapers, coin-operated machines, and some bus (7) ______ . The 25 cent coin, or quarter, is larger than the nickel but is easily mistaken for it. This is the (8) ______ tipping coin, also commonly used for paying bridge and road tolls.(9) _____________________________________________ , especially in cities which require exact change for their buses. Sales taxes also require a lot of small coins, although stores will give change. (10)_____________________________________________ .Bills come in the following denominations: $1, $5, $10 and $20. (11)_____________________________________________ ! Keep small value bills with you. Taxi drivers and some store clerks will not change anything larger than a $5 bill; most big department stores will, however.Key 1. confusing 2. size 3. stick 4. indicate 5. silver-colored 6. meters 7. fares 8. normal 9. One has to keep considerable change on hand 10. Bus drivers, however, are often not allowed to give change in many cities 11. they also come in $50 and $100 bills, but these are seen less often by most of us复合式听写05American learn sports as part of their education. They learn two or more ball （ 1 ）______ , such as football or basketball. At high school, they choose groups of boys or girls to make （ 2 ） ______ ,. They choose those who are best at that sport. These teams （ 3 ） ______ , against teams from other schools. In many schools, students learn wrestling, running, tennis, golf and swinging. They have teams for some of these sports, too.The games between schools are often very （ 4 ） ______ ,. Other students, the ones not on the team, love to watch them. They let everyone know this by shouting and （ 5 ） ______ , when their team plays well.There is a special （ 6 ） ______ , of girls and boys, mostly girls, who jump up and down and shout for their football team. They call themselves （ 7 ） ______ , because they lead everyone in shouts and cheers. They （ 8 ） ______ , clothes of a special color—the color of their school's team. The football players wear that color, too. Each school has a team color and a team name. Cheerleaders call out the team name in their cheers. （ 9 ） ______________________________ . Cheerleading is almost s port itself.Every classroom has an American flag in it. （ 10 ）_____________________________________________ . They put their hands over their hearts and say “the Pledge of Allegiance”. （ 11 ）_____________________________________________ . By standing and showing respect to the flag people think about the United States and its freedoms.KEY: 1 、 games 2 、 teams 3 、 compete 4 、 exciting 5 、 cheering 6 、 club 7 、cheerleaders 8 、 wear 9 、 They practice many hours to learn the special jumping and cheering moves. 10 、 From elementary to high school, students start each day by standing up and showing respect to the flag. 11 、 This is a promise to the country, which was written by people who came to the US over 200 years ago.复合式听写06The Barbie DollsIn the mid 1940s, the young (1) ______ , Ruth and Elliot Handler owned a company that made wooden picture frames. It was in 1945 that Ruth and Elliot Handler (2) ______ , with their close friend Harold Mattson in (3) ______ , a company that would be known for the most famous and successful doll ever created. This company would be named Mattel, MATT for Mattson, and EL for Elliot.In the mid 1950s, while visiting Switzerland, Ruth Handler (4) ______ , a German Lilli doll. Lilli was a (5) ______ ,, pretty fashion doll first made in 1955. She was originally fashioned after a famous (6) ______ , character.Lilli is the doll that (7) ______ , Ruth Handler to design the Barbie doll.. With the help of her (8) ______ , and engineers at Mattel, Barbie was born. This was a fashion doll unlike any of the time. She was long-limbed, shapely, beautiful, and only 11.5 inches tall. (9) _____________________________________________ .(10) _____________________________________________ . Barbie has experienced a lot of changes over the years and has managed to keep up with current trends in hairstyles, makeup and clothing. (11) _____________________________________________ . Barbie has universal appeal and collectors both young and old enjoy time spent with their dolls.Key: 1. ambitious 2. joined 3. forming 4. purchased 5. shapely 6. cartoon 7. inspired 8. technicians 9. Ruth and Elliot named their new fashion doll after their own daughter, Barbie 10. In 1959, the Barbie doll made her way to the New York Toy show and received a warm reception from the buyers. 11. She is a reflection of the history of fashion since her introduction to the toy market复合式听写07What can hospital do to help patients (1) ______faster from illness? Apart from nursing and medicine, one way that is getting more attention is to improve the (2) ______of the environment in hospitals.Now some of Britain's most (3) ______ artists have been called in to transform older hospitals. Of the 2,500 National Health Service hospitals in Britain, almost 100 now have large collections of (4) ______ art in corridors, waiting areas and treatment rooms.These recent creative ideas (5) ______a great deal to one artist, Peter Senior. He set up his (6) ______at a Manchester hospital in northeastern England during the early 1970s. He felt the artist had lost his place in modern society, and that art should be enjoyed by a wider (7) ______.A typical hospital waiting room might have as many as 5,000 visitors each week. What a better place to hold regular (8) ______ of art! Senior was so popular that (9) _____________________________________________.The effect was striking. (10) _____________________________________________.The quality of the environment may reduce the expensive drugs when a patient is recovering from an illness.(11) _____________________________________________.1.recover2.quality3.talented4.contemporary5owe6.studio7.audience8.exhibitions 9.he was soon joined by six young art school graduates10Now in the corridors and waiting rooms the visitors have a full view of fresh colors, amusing images and peaceful courtyards11.According to a study, patients who had a view of a garden needed half the numberof strong pain killers compared with patients who had only a brick wall to lookat复合式听写08Dad was the kindest and most (1) ______ man I have ever met. Yet I was never able to know him as well as I had wished. He was a man of few words. He never spoke of the things close to his heart. I know that he loved all his children. But because in our family (2) ______ signs of affection were never shown, somehow I have never or at any time been able to (3) ______ my love for him. I was with dad on the night he died and I longed to be able to (4) ______by his bedside and say, “Dad, thank you for b eing so good to us. I love you , Dad.” Every time I tried to, but I was (5) ______. Even at that time I felt he would think it wrong for me to try to express my feelings in (6)______.After dad died, all of us (7) ______ round Mum. We thought that to have her children calling her would be a way to (8) ______ for the loss. It was so at first. I'd visit her twice a day and listen while she talked about her life with dad. (9) _____________________________________________. I think it was right that she did. It was far better to talk about dad to keep him alive in spirit. After all, death is inevitable. (10) _____________________________________________. All she wanted to do was live their lives together again. (11) _____________________________________________”1.generous2.outward3.express4.kneel5.embarrassed6.words7.gathered8make up9.She would relate their lives and relationship together from the time she firstmet him10The great thing about mum was that she didn't talk endlesslyI remember once when Pat and I had listened to her all afternoon, mum said, “NowI've talked to you both and I fell ten years younger.复合式听写9If you listen to American music, watch American television or magazines, you will probably agree that the most popular (1) __________ of these forms of entertainment is love. Romantic love always finds an (2) __________ in the United States. Falling in love, solving the problems of love, and (3) __________ the happy ending—the big wedding are subjects of interest to the adult as well as the teenage (4) __________. Millions of Americans (5) __________ V alentine's Day with special cards and gifts that announce their love to their (6) __________, their friends, their coworkers, and their families. Popular songs tell us that “all the world loves a lover”. A popular saying is “Love (7) __________ all”. Numerous (8) __________ in magazines and newspapers offer advice to the lovelorn, those with difficulties of heart. To most Americans, romantic love is central to a happy life.Not only do Americans believe in romantic love but (9) _____________________________. Despite the high divorce rate in the United States, young men and women continue to marry on the basis of romantic love. (10) _____________________________. Y oung Americans feel free to choose their own marriage partners from any social, economic, or religious background. The man or woman may have strong ties with parents, brothers, or sisters, but (11) _____________________________. When an American couple marries, they generally plan to live apart from both sets of parents and build their own independent family structure.(1) subject(2) audience(3) achieving(4) public(5) celebrate(6) mates(7) conquers(8) columns(9) they also believe that it is the best basis for marriage •(10) Americans consider marriage a private arrangement between the two people involved(11) when he or she falls in love, the strongest feelings are supposed to be for the loved one复合式听写10In the nineteenth century, the invention of the telegraph made it possible to send noises, signals. and even music over (1) __________ from one place to another. However, the human voice had never (2) __________ this way, many inventors tried to find a way to send voice over wires, and in 1876 some of their efforts were crowned with (3) __________ . Two American (4) __________ , Alexander Graham Bell and Elisha Gray, succeeded at almost the same time. The United States (5) __________ Court finally had to decide which of the two was the first inventor of the telephone. The Court decided in Bell's (6) __________ . Born in Edinburgh . Scotland, Bell grew up in a family that was very interested in teaching people to speak. His grandfather had been an actor who left the (7) __________ to teach elocution; his father was a teacher who helped (8) __________ people learn how to speak.However, probably (9) _____________________________ as he has had on the day when he spilled some acid from his batteries. It was after he had worked for months to find ways to send something more than metallic twangs over the wires. Thinking Watson, his helper, was in the next room, Bell called, “Mr. Watson, come here. I want you.” Watson was not in the next room. (10) _____________________________ . To Watson's surprise, he heard the words perfectly. (11) _____________________________ .(1) wires (2) traveled (3) success (4) inventors (5) Supreme (6) favor (7) theater (8) deaf(9) none of the later inventions gave Bell the same feeling of triumph(10) He was down in his laboratory, next to the receiver(11) He ran to tell Bell the news: the wires had carried Bell's voice perfectly。
四级听力之复合式听写应试材料考前复习
四级辅导班辅导材料——听力理解专题(学生用)听力理解之四：复合式听写（10%）复合式听写材料为一篇短文，文中留有11个空格，8个单词，每空0.5分，共计4分；后3空为长句填写,每句2分，共计6分。
一、应试技巧1. 听之前：pre – listening1）利用播放考试指令的时间对全文进行全局性预览。
2）判断词性，单复数，时态语态2.听之时：while - listening原则：精听，速记，以听为主，以记为辅。
如何速记1）省略虚词如：如冠词，助动词等2）遇到词组记每个单词首字母如break down 就记作B D ，但一定要自己看得懂的3）长单词记前三个字母如：可用esp.代替especially, sth. 代替something, expr 代替expression, ad 代替advertisement 等;4）符号记忆如：more than 就记作”>” less than 记作“<” equal to 记作“=”等等5）混合记忆就是把上面几种方法混合起来用，还可以夹杂中文字等等6）表时间的固定缩写,如wk ¡ªweek, mo ¡ªmonth, yr ¡ªyear, hr ¡ªhour等7）涉及到数字的时候,如果是基数词可以直接写出阿拉伯数字,是序数词可以用阿拉伯数字后面加“th”的形式,如“1”写“1th”,“6”写“6th”,在句子修正阶段再改写为它本身的正确形式。
8）随便记忆如果实在一时想不出是什么词，就用拼音，音标或者读音相近的词先把他记下来，如用"责"代"responsibility","千"代thousand,"百"代hundred等。
9）无论采取何种记录方法最重要的原则是记得自己看得懂，待会能很方便的回想和复原出来。
英语四级复合式听写全攻略
英语四级复合式听写全攻略
英语四级复合式听写全攻略精选
复合式听写部分复合式听写答题顺序及技巧
听之前：pre listening
1. 对全文进行全局性预览：尤其是第一句(topic)最后一句(conclusion)
2. 观察空格前后的特殊现象，判断词性，单复数，时态语态听之时：while - listening
原则：精听，速记，以听为主，以记为辅。
如何速记
1. 省略虚词如：如冠词，助动词等
2. 遇到词组记每个单词首字母如 break down 就记作B D ，但一定要自己看得懂的.
3. 长单词记前三个字母如：experience 就记作 exp
4. 符号记忆如：more than 就记作 less than 记作 equal to 记作 = 等等
5. 混合记忆就是把上面几种方法混合起来用，还可以夹杂中文字等等
6. 随便记忆如果实在一时想不出是什么词，就用拼音，音标或者读音相近的词先把他记下来。
总之就是不管对错，先把大致读音记下来再说，然后等有时间再慢慢研究。
7. 无论采取何种记录方法最重要的原则是记得自己看得懂，待会能很方便的回想和复原出来。
不要记得到时候自己也想不起来是什么东西。
听之后：after listening
全面检查和补全前面记录下的东西1. 检查漏词。
复合式听写技巧总结-精选
历年出现的单词拼写
Additional architecture artificial average boring cancer
Coupled crossed describe despite destroyed distant
Emotionally ensure established experiences
复合式听写技巧总结-精选
从文体类型上看，历年复合式听写全部为说明文，难度在增加。
1. 给分标准
1). 36至43每题为0.5分。拼写完全正确的单词给0.5分，凡有错不 给分，大小写错误忽略不计;
2). 44-46满分为2分，答出第一和第二部分内容且语言正确各得1 分;
2.扣分标准
1) 44至46题中有语法错误扣0.5分，每题语法错误扣分不超过0.5 分，凡不得分部分如有语法错误不再重复扣分;
necessary, recommend. 3一个音节之中注意元音的拼写。 4注意不发音的字母：
island, exhausted, isle, comb. 5检查词尾的变形 名词：单数，复数，所有格 非谓语动词与谓语动词（ed,ing,s）形式，填原型的很少见。
形容词注意比较级以及以al结尾的形容词。natural. personal. emotional. artificial, additional,
听 前：看 听 中：扔 听 后：补
1.提前熟悉内容，了解文章人意，为捕捉正确信息提 供足够线索。
对全文进行全局性预览：尤其是第一句(topic)最后一 句(conclusion)
为了提高复合式听写的答题准确率，在四级考试的备 考阶段，考生就应对复合式听写的考试指令部分 (directions)非常熟悉，这样在考试时，可以利用播放 考试指令的时间提前熟悉文章内容，尽可能全面地掌 握有关文章大意的信息，并根据空格的位置和上下文 信息推断第一部分所缺单词的词性和可能的内容以及 第二部分横线上所缺的内容。
四级听力短文+复合式听写
CET-4 听力小对话做题规律1、视听一致+同义替换2、首尾句群出题3、重点词汇原则CET-4 听力长对话案例分析1Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26 .A .They care a lot about children.B .They need looking after in their old age.C .They want to enrich their life experience.D .They want children to keep them company.27. A. They are usually adopted from distant places.B.Their birth infromation is usually kept secret.C.Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.D.Their adoptive parents don’t want them to know their birthparents.28. A.They generally hold bad feelings towards their birth parents.B.They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.C.They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.D.They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.29. A.Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship.B.Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.C.Understanding is the key to successful adoption.D.Adoption has much to do with love.26题的正确答案是A使用规则：视听一致+重点词汇27题的答案是B使用规则：视听一致28题的答案是C。
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Contrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when you are on the survive答案 distant答案: backward答案: discovered答案: scientific答案: motion答案: predicted答案:introduced答案: that move at a speed greater than light, and therefore, might serve as our passports to the past.答案:seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as human have existed.答案: used a definition of time for experimental purposes, as that which is measured by a clock.Writing keeps us in touch with other people.preserve答案:appreciate答案:households答案:chat答案:convenient答案:rates答案:receive答案:submit答案:They are also sharing information about concerts and sports events as well as jokes and their philosophies of life答案:A handwritten note to a friend or a family member is the best way to communicate important thoughts 答案:This writing practice brings rewards that cannot be seen in bank accountsAlmost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building36. curious 37. figuring 38. independent 39. unusual 40. interacting41. formal 42. abstract 43. mystery44. he has found out how it works and learnt to use it appropriately45. by trying it out and seeing whether it works, by gradually changing it and refining it46. including many of the concepts that the schools think only they can teach himIn the humanities, authors write to inform you in many ways.答案:Classified答案:background答案:album答案:Appreciation答案:context答案:implies答案:image答案:instrument答案:Descriptive writing in the humanities, particularly in literature, is often mixed with critical writing 答案:It tells the reader how to do something. For example, explaining the technique used to shoot a film答案:Authors may actually use more than one type of technique in a given piece of informational writingAround 120 years ago, Ebbinghaus began his study of memory.答案:concentrated答案:information答案:depends答案:straight答案:row答案:suspected答案:phenomenon答案:efficiently答案:our second rule of learning is this: it is better to study fairly briefly but often答案:Let's say you are trying to learn some new and rather difficult English vocabulary using a stack of cards 答案:The answer is it is better to space up the presentations of the word you are to learnCrime is increasing worldwide. There is every reason to believe the trend will continue through the next few decades.答案:Trend答案:phenomenon答案:scene答案:offenses答案:murder 答案:particularly答案:explosion答案:associated答案:changing national borders，greater economic growth，and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong 答案:are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history答案:failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problemsWe’re now witnessing the emergence of an advanced economy based on information and knowledge.36) labor 37) ingredients 38) vital 39) individuals 40) engage 41) figures 42) generating 43) Currently 44) will be making decisions in such areas as product development, quality control, and customer satisfaction. 45) to acquire new skills that will help you keep up with the improved technologies and procedures 46) Don't expect the companies to provide you with a clearly-defined career path.More and more of the world's population are living in towns or cities.alarming.答案: increased答案: sheer答案: disturbing答案: comparison答案: proportion答案: workforce答案: reverse答案: the percentage of people living in cities is much higher than the percentage working in industry答案: there is not enough money to build adequate houses for the people that live there, let alone the new arrivals答案: So the figures for the growth of towns and cities represent proportional growth of unemployment and underemploymentStudents' pressure sometimes comes from their parents.答案:meaning答案:adjusting答案:aware答案:competition答案:Accustomed答案:semester答案:inquire答案:At their worst, they may threaten to take their children out of college or cut off funds.答案:think it only right and natural that they determine what their children do with their lives.答案:who are now young adults, must be the ones responsible for what they do and what they are.You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, depending on the situation they are in.答案:natural答案:usage答案:exception答案:particular答案:reference答案:essays 答案:colleagues答案:personal答案:What we may find interesting is that it usually takes more words to be polite答案:but to a stranger, I probably would say, "Would you mind closing the door?"答案:There are bound to be some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that ale informalFor Americans, time is money.。