形容词和副词讲解及练习
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形容词和副词
一、形容词
注意:有些形容词只能作表语,如:alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如:
Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alone.
形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词,要放在这些词的后面。例如:
You'd better tell us something interesting. The police found nothing strange in the room.
多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是:1)冠词或人称代词 2)数词 3)性质 4)大小 5)形状
6)表示老少,新旧 7)颜色 8)事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。例如:
His grandpa still lives in this small short house. 他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。
The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates. 那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。
形容词名词化:有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词,表示一类人,谓语常用复数。这类词有:rich / poor;
good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等)。例如:
The young should take good care of the old. 年轻人应该好好照顾老人。
The rich never help the poor in this country. 在这个国家,富人从来不帮助穷人。
表示数量的词组。如:
One day, a young man, twenty-five years old, came to visit the professor.
有一天,一位25岁的年轻人来拜访这位教授。
I live in a building about fifty meters high. 我住在一做大约50米高的大楼里。
形容词短语做定语时要后置。如:
They are the students easy to teach. 他们是很容易较的学生。
We live in a house much larger than yours. 我们住的房子比你们的大得多。
else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。如:Did you see anybody else? 你看到别的人了吗?
二、副词
英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽相同,它的位置比较灵活。通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等。下面来介绍一下副词的分类方法:
多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。如:We are living happily. 我们幸福的生活着。
He runs slowly.他跑的很慢。
时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。如:
They went to the park yesterday morning. 昨天上午他们去公园了。
I heard him sing English songs over there. 我听见他在那边唱英语歌曲。
He drove the jeep carefully. 他小心地开着吉普。
注意:有时表示时间的副词也可放在句首,起强调作用。如:Yesterday I got up late. 昨天我起床很晚。
频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后,实义动词之前
如:He is seldom ill. 他很少生病。 You must always remember this. 你一定要记住这一点。
I often write to my parents. 我经常写信给父母。Do you usually go to school on foot. 你经常走路去上学?
He has never been to Beijing. 他从来没有去过北京。
注意:有时为了加强语气,频度副词也可放在句首。如:
Sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to school by bike.
有时她乘公共汽车上学,有时骑自行车去。
程度副词修饰动词时,与频度副词相同,修饰形容词和副词时,放在它所修饰的词前面。如:
That's quite early. 那很早。 I nearly missed the bus.我几乎错过了公交车。
She did rather badly. 她干得相当糟。
否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。如:She seldom goes out at night.她晚上很少出门。
I am never late for school.我上学从不迟到。
We had hardly got to the station when the train left. 火车离开时,我们差不多/几乎到了车站。
疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。如: When can you come? 你什么时候来?
How many days are there in a month? 一个月有多少天?
What are you going to do when you grow up? 张大以后,你打算干什么?
Where were you born? 你是在那里出生的? Why didn't he come? 他为什么没有来?
关系副词when, where, why 引导定语从句时,位于从句之前、所修饰的词之后。如:
Tell me the reason why you did it. 把你这样做的理由告诉我。
It's the sort of day when you'd like to stay in bed. 这是个令人恋床不起的日子。
I don't know the place where we will go. 我不知道我们将要去的地方。
同时存在时间状语和地点状语时,时间状语一般放在后面。如:
The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow. 明天会议将在教室里举行。
He watched TV in his room last night. 他作晚在房间里看电视。
They arrived in Beijing at 8 o'clock last evening. 他们昨天晚上8:00到达北京。
注:有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如:late, wide, well, fast, easy, early 等
The road is so wide that 8 buses can go throw it at a time. Open your mouth wide.
三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下:
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