英美概况试题范围(附答案)

名词解释：

1 .The Great Depression

2 Industrial Revolution

3 Melting Pot

4. Black Death

2。工业革命指的是机械化工业和社会和经济组织的后果在18世纪末和19世纪初的英国。英国是第一个工业化的国家。工业革命在英国首先开始于纺织工业。

3。因为美国是一个多民族的国家,它也被称为“大熔炉”,意味着移民来自世界各地不同国家混合组成美国国家。

4。黑死病是现代的名字给了致命的黑死病,病由鼠蚤传播流行。在14世纪传遍欧洲。它席卷英格兰在1348年的夏天没有警告。它造成许多人死亡。由于瘟疫,大片土地无人照管和劳动力极度匮乏。

5。美国的宪法是美国政府的基本仪器和最高法律。它是世界上最古老的成文宪法。1787年制定,并于1789年生效。它建立联邦制和引进制衡政府历史上第一次。

the Black Death

It was the deadly bubonic plague who spread through Europe in the 14th century. It s wept through England without warning and any cure, and sparing no victims. It killed b

etween half and one-third of the population of England. Thus, much land was left unten ded and labour was short. It caused far-reaching economic consequences.

这是致命的黑死病在14世纪传遍欧洲。它席卷英格兰没有警告,任何治疗,和毫不吝惜的受害者。它杀死了一半到三分之一的人口。因此,大片土地无人照管和劳动力短缺。它造成了深远的经济后果。

Bloody Mary

Henry VIII’s daughter and a devout Catholic.When she became Queen, she persecuted and burnt many Protestants. So she was given the nickname “Bloody Mary”. Mary is al so remembered as the monarch who lost the French port of Calais.

亨利八世的女儿和一位虔诚的天主教徒。当她成为皇后,迫害和烧毁许多新教徒。所以她被“血腥玛丽”的绰号。玛丽也记得君主失去法国加来港。

. the Great Lakes

The Great Lakes are the most important lakes in the United States. They are Lake Sup erior, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan ——the only on e entirely in the U.S. ——Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.

五大湖在美国最重要的湖泊。苏必略湖,是世界上最大的淡水湖,密歇根湖,唯一一个完全在美国,休伦湖,伊利湖和安大略湖。他们都位于加拿大和美国之间除了密西根湖。

What is meant by the term “welfare state” in Britain?

——The welfare state is a system of government by which the state provides the econ omic and social security of its citizens through its organization of health services, pensi ons and other facilities. The system is funded out of national insurance contributions an d taxation. In Britain the term applies mainly to National Health Service (NHS), national insurance and social security.

“福利国家”

——政府的福利国家是一个系统的国家提供经济和社会保障的公民通过其组织卫生服务、养老金和其他设施。该系统是由全国保险税和赋税。术语主要适用于在英国国民健康服务(NHS),国民保险和社会保障。

What are some of the characteristics of American education?

——(1) Formal education in the United States consists of elementary, secondary and hig her education.

(2) Public educations is free and compulsory.

(3) Diversity is considered to be an outstanding characteristic of American education.

(4)Education is a function of the states, not the federal government.

美国教育的特点是什么?

——(1)在美国正规的教育由初等、中等和高等教育。

(2)公共教育是免费和义务的。

(3)多样性被认为是美国教育的一个突出特点。