托福阅读-事实信息题

合集下载

tpo29阅读答案

tpo29阅读答案【篇一：tpo29阅读文本】racteristics of roman potterythe pottery of ancient romans is remarkable in several ways. the high quality of roman pottery is very easy to appreciate when handling actual pieces of table ware or indeed kitchenware and amphorae(the large jars used throughout the mediterranean for the transport and storage of liquids, such as wine and oil). however, it is impossible to do justice to roman wares on the page, even when words can be backed up by photographs and drawings. most roman pottery is light and smooth to the touch and very tough, although, like all pottery, it shatters if dropped on a hard surface. it is generall made with carefully selected and porified clay, worked to thin-walled and standardized shapes on a fast wheel and fired in akiln(pottery oven) capable of ensuring a consistent finish. with handmade pottery, inevitably there are slight differences between individual vessels of the same desigh andoccasional minor blemishe(flaws). but what strikes the eye and the touch most immediately and most powerfully with roman pottery is its consistent high quality.le it, they often comment on how modern it looks and feels, and they need to be convinced of its true age.as impressive as the quality of roman pottery is its sheer massive quantity. when considering quantities, we would ideally like to havesome estimates for overall production from particular sites of pottery manufacture and for overall consumption at specific settlements. unfortunately, it is in the nature of the archaeological evidence, which is almost in variably only a sample of what once existed, that such figures will always be elusive. however, no one who has ever worked in the field would quenstion the abundance of roman pottery, particularly in the mediterranean region. this abundance is notable in roman settlements(especially urban sites)where the labor that archaeologists have to put into the washing and sorting of potsherds (fragments of pottery) constitutes a high proportion of the total work during the initial phases of excavation.■only rarely can we derive any “real” quantities from deposits of broken pots. ■however, there is one exceptional dump, which does represent a very large part of the site’s total history of consumption and for which an estimate of quantity has been produced. ■on the left bankof the tiber river in rome, by one of the river ports of the ancient city, is a substantial hill some 50 meters high called monte testaccio. ■ it is made up entirely of broke oil amphorae,mainly of the second and third centuries a.d. it has been estimated that monte testaccil contains the remains of some 53 million amphorae, in which aroud 6,000 million liters of oil were imported into the city from overseas. imports into imperial rome were supported by the full might of the state and were therefore quite exceptional—but the size of the operations at monte testaccil, and the productivity and complexity that lay behind them, nonetheless cannot fail to impress. this was a society with similarities to modern ones—moving good s on a gigantic scale, manufacturing high-quality containers to do so, and occasionally, as here, even discarding them on delivery.q1 paragraph 1 indicates which of the following about roman pottery?a. roman amphorae were of much higher quality overall than other roman pottery.b. roman pottery can best be appreciated when actual pieces are handled.c. roman pottery declined slightly in quality when the use of fast wheels and kilns was introduced.d. roman practical tableware spread more rapidly across the mediterranean than amphorae did.paragraph 1 is marked with an arrowq2 all of the following are mentioned in paragraph 1 as characteristics of roman pottery except:a. it was usually made with high-quality clay.b. it generally did not weigh much.c. it did not break as easily as other ancient pottery.d. it sometimes had imperfections.【篇二：托福阅读tpo29(试题答案译文)第3篇-the history of waterpower_托福阅读】xt>托福阅读tpo29(试题+答案+译文)第3篇:the history ofwaterpower_托福阅读重点单词查看全部解释obsolete [?bs?li:t] 想一想再看 adj. 已废弃的，过时的联想记忆 x 单词obsolete 联想记忆：ob不，solete用一不再用一过时的disagreement [.dis?gri:m?nt] 想一想再看 n. 不合，争论，不一致technical [teknik?l] 想一想再看 adj. 技术的，工艺的negative [neg?tiv] 想一想再看 adj. 否定的，负的，消极的n. 底片，负联想记忆 x 单词negative 联想记忆：negat否认+ive表形容词→否认的uncertainty [?ns?:tnti] 想一想再看 n. 不确定，不可靠，半信半疑(学术)不可信度; 偏差resolve [riz?lv] 想一想再看 n. 决定之事，决心，坚决vt. 决定，解决联想记忆 x 单词resolve 联想记忆：solve作为词根有溶解和解决两个意思。

托福阅读考试信息题考点解析

托福阅读考试信息题考点解析托福阅读考试信息题考点解析一、提问方式1. According to Paragraph…, which of the following is true about X?2. According to Paragraph…, how / what/ why…?3. Paragraph… / The passage supports which of the following statements aboutX?带有提问方式的题型可以总结为以下几个特点：a. 该题型属于细节类题型，并且在大部分情况下题干中会出现一个明确的细节定位词───X。

b. 该题型是对细节信息的正面提问(由题干中true / support可知)，这一点与否定事实信息题相反。

c. 该题型疑问部分一般由特殊疑问词：which / how / what / why… 引导，可以得出该题型可以就某细节信息的具体“特性、原因、方式等”进行发问。

二、解题步骤第一步：读题干，划出定位词。

定位词特点：a. 在提问方式1和3当中就是X所代表的部分。

b. 在提问方式2中比较复杂，一般是寻找该句中的名词部分，多数充当句中的主语或宾语。

c. 定位词有可能是原文原词或者近义词。

例题：1. According to paragraph 6, which of the following statementsabout aquifers in deserts is true? (TPO 12Water in the Desert)本题干的定位词即aquifers, 符合提问方式1。

2. According to paragraph 7, why would a social group use shunning?(TPO 13 Types of Social Groups)本题干的定位词即shunning, 符合提问方式2。

托福阅读事实信息题做题方法

托福阅读事实信息题做题方法
托福阅读事实信息题是考察考生对文章中具体细节的理解能力，以下是一些做题方法：
1. 仔细阅读题目，在做事实信息题时，要仔细阅读题目，了解
题目要求，明确自己需要在文章中寻找什么样的信息。

2. 找到关键词，在阅读文章时，要留意关键词，例如人名、地名、数字、事件等，这些关键词会帮助你找到答案。

3. 确定定位，根据题目要求和关键词，在阅读文章时要有目的
地寻找相关信息，可以利用关键词在文章中进行定位，缩小寻找范围。

4. 注意细节，在阅读文章时要留意细节信息，有时答案可能隐
藏在文章的细节之中，需要仔细捕捉。

5. 多练习，多做一些练习题，提高自己对事实信息题的处理能力，熟悉题目的要求和解题技巧。

通过以上方法，希望你能够更好地应对托福阅读中的事实信息题。

祝你考试顺利！。

托福阅读题型和考研英语阅读阅读题型

托福阅读题型和考研英语阅读阅读题型
托福阅读题型和考研英语阅读题型都有一定的复杂性和难度，但它们也有一些共同点和区别。

以下是它们的一些特点和区别:
1. 词汇题：在托福阅读中，词汇题数量很多，每篇存在三至五
题不等。

而在考研英语阅读中，词汇题也是一种常见的题型，通常出现在文章的上下文中。

2. 句子简化题：在托福阅读中，句子简化题是考察句子结构和
主干意思理解的能力。

而在考研英语阅读中，句子简化题通常出现在文章的上下文中，需要考生理解句子的结构和意义。

3. 事实信息题：在托福阅读中，事实信息题主要考察考生对文
章中明确表述的细节信息的掌握和理解能力。

而在考研英语阅读中，事实信息题通常要求考生根据文章的内容回答问题，更加注重细节的掌握。

4. 否定事实信息题：在托福阅读中，否定事实信息题是通过否
定文章中的某一条信息来考察考生的阅读能力和判断能力。

而在考研英语阅读中，否定事实信息题通常是针对文章中的某个细节进行考察，需要考生仔细阅读文章并理解细节。

5. 推理题：在托福阅读中，推理题要求考生通过文章中的暗示
或隐含信息来推理出问题的答案。

而在考研英语阅读中，推理题通常要求考生根据文章的内容来推断出问题的答案，更加注重考生的思维能力和判断能力。

总体来说，托福阅读题型和考研英语阅读题型都具有很高的复杂
性和难度，需要考生进行长时间的练习和积累才能取得良好的成绩。

托福阅读题型及评分标准介绍

托福阅读考试需要完成3篇文章，每篇文章的字数大约有700字左右，每篇文章的出题数是12-14题，平均20分钟/篇。

如果遇到加试，会从考试的四篇文章中随机选取三篇计分。

这三篇文章中所有回答正确的题目数量加起来就是你的阅读总分。

除重要观点题和归类题以外，每道题的分值都是1分，重要观点题的分值可能是2分，归类题为3或4分。

考试所得分数范围：0-30分。

阅读题型1. Factual Information questions（事实信息题）2. Negative Factual Information questions（否定事实信息题）3. Inference questions（推论题）4. Rhetorical Purpose questions（修辞目的题）5. Vocabulary questions（词汇题）6. Reference questions（指代题）7. Sentence Simplification questions（句子简化题）8. Insert Text question（句子插入题）9. Prose Summary（文章总结题）10. Fill in a Table（表格填写题）评分标准托福阅读以选择题为主，除最后的文章总结题和表格填写题之外，每道题的分值都是1分。

文章总结题满分为2分。

这道题会给出6个选项，要求考生从中选出3个最能概括文章内容的选项。

在评分方面，文章总结题每道题2分。

如果这道题没有选对答案或只选对1个选项，不得分；如果这道题选对2个选项，得1分；如果这道题选对了3个选项，得2分。

表格填写题满分为3分。

这道题会有2或3栏/行表格，包括5个正确答案选项。

考生需要在备选答案中挑出正确选项，并将正确选项拖入表格中的相应位置。

表格填写题满分为3分。

没有答对或只答对1或2个答案不得分；答对3个答案得1分；答对4个答案得2分；5个全对得满分3分。

在计算出原始分数以后，将被转化为0-30分的最终分数。

托福高失分率考题盘点之阅读

【导语】整理了⾼错误率考题主要围绕⼏种出现频率较⾼的题型：Factual Information questions细节题，Negative Factual Information questions排除题，Rhetorical Purpose questions修辞⽬的题，Sentence Simplification questions简化句⼦题，Prose Summary⽂章内容⼩结题。

⼀起来看看！1、Factual Information questions细节题细节题也称为事实信息题，考察⽅向主要围绕对⽂章细节的定位和理解展开。

常见问题形式为：According to paragraph X, which/what/why...or in paragraph X, the author suggests/indicates...做题⽅法：根据题⼲定位词找到段落细节位置，然后对细节句⼦进⾏分析理解其中⼼内容，并从4个选项中选择意思⼀样的选项。

做题难点：考⽣易错点在于有些错误选项⾮常相近于正确选项，但是增加了⼀些⽆关信息或者跟⽂章提供信息相反，有些错误选项甚⾄跟定位到的⽂章句⼦细节附近的句⼦内容⼀样，但是跟题⽬所问的内容⽆关，即所谓的答⾮所问选项，特别需要注意⼀下题⼲，因为⼀些题⽬会在题⼲上做⼿脚。

如果考⽣没有很准确的分析清楚⽂章哪句是正确答案，以及哪个选项的意思是跟所定位的句⼦完美匹配的话，考⽣很容易错选。

In seeking to describe the origins of theater, one must rely primarily on speculation, since there is little concrete evidence on which to draw. The most widely accepted theory, championed by anthropologists in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, envisions theater as emerging out of myth and ritual. The process perceived by these anthropologists may be summarized briefly. During the early stages of its development, a society becomes aware of forces that appear to influence or control its food supply and well-being. Having little understanding of natural causes, it attributes both desirable and undesirable occurrences to supernatural or magical forces, and it searches for means to win the favor of these forces. Perceiving an apparent connection between certain actions performed by the group and the result it desires, the group repeats, refines and formalizes those actions into fixed ceremonies, or rituals. (TPO1 THE ORIGINS OF THEATER) According to paragraph 1, theories of the origins of theaterA. Are mainly hypotheticalB. Are well supported by factual evidenceC. Have rarely been agreed upon by anthropologistsD. Were expressed in the early stages of theater’s development[以origins of theater为关键词定位⾄本段第⼀句，one must rely primarily on speculation, 主要靠推测，也就是A, 主要是推论的。

托福阅读否定事实信息题合集之TPO30-2

托福阅读否定事实信息题合集之TPO30-2 托福阅读否定事实信息题是阅读考试十大题型之一，通常每篇阅读中都会出现;tpo是托福阅读备考最权威的材料，所以托福小编综合二者，为大家集中整理了tpo阅读中考察的否定事实信息题及其对应的解析，供大家参考使用。

本文带来的是TPO30-2的否定事实信息题，一起来看看吧。

TPO30-2 The Pace of Evolutionary ChangeParagraph 1:A heated debate has enlivened recent studies of evolution. Darwin' s original thesis, and the viewpoint supported by evolutionary gradualists, is that species change continuously but slowly and in small increments. Such changes are all but invisible over the short time scale of modern observations, and, it is argued, they are usually obscured by innumerable gaps in the imperfect fossil record. Gradualism, with its stress on the slow pace of change, is a comforting position, repeated over and over again in generations of textbooks. By the early twentieth century, the question about the rate of evolution had been answered in favor of gradualism to most biologists' satisfaction.2. According to paragraph 1, all of the following are true EXCEPTO Darwin saw evolutionary change as happening slowly and graduallyO Gaps in the fossil record were used to explain why it is difficult to see continuoussmall changes in the evolution of speciesO Darwin’s evolutionary thesis was rejected because small changes could not be observed in the evolutionary recordO By the early twentieth century, most biologists believed that gradualism explained evolutionary change解析：A答案对应第一段第二句，B对应第一段第三句，D对应一段最后一句。

托福阅读的几种题型

托福阅读的几种题型1.Factual Information Questions 事实信息题这种题型要求考生识别出文章明确阐述的事实信息。

这些事实信息问题主要集中于事实、细节、定义或者作者阐述的其他信息。

这种题型会要求考生辨识仅在文章某一部分提到的具体信息，一般不会问及整篇文章的主旨。

通常情况下，其相关信息在文章中可能只是一句或两句话。

事实信息类问题经常采取以下提问方式：According to the paragraph, which of the following in true of X?The author’s description of X mentions which of the following?According to the paragraph, X occurred because…According to the paragraph, X did Y because…According to the paragraph, why did X do Y?The author’s description of X mentions which of the following?事实信息类问题的注意点：为考证文章是如何对题目进行阐述的，考生也许需要再一次阅读文章。

因为这类问题考察的是文章细节，所以考生在第一次阅读中可能会记不住这些信息。

将与文中信息相矛盾的选项直接排除。

不要因为某个选项在文章中曾被提及，就将其作为正确选项。

考生所选择的答案必须是针对题目进行的回答。

2.否定事实信息题这类问题要求考生根据文章明确陈述的信息，确定哪些信息是真实的，哪些信息是不真实的或者是原文所没有提及的。

回答此类问题时，首先需要找到相关信息在原文中出现的位置，然后确定四个选项中哪三个信息是真实的，这样剩下的那个选项自然就是不真实的了。

注意，对于此类问题，正确答案是那个不真实的选项。

怎样识别出否定事实信息题：●通常情况下，否定事实信息类问题比事实信息类问题要求考生回顾更多的原文信息。

托福阅读事实信息题合集之TPO28-2

托福阅读事实信息题合集之TPO28-2托福阅读事实信息题是阅读考试中比较常见的一种题型，tpo则是托福阅读备考最权威的材料，所以托福小编综合二者，为大家集中整理了tpo阅读中考察的事实信息题及其对应的解析，供大家参考使用。

本文带来的是TPO28-2的事实信息题，一起来看看吧。

TPO28-2 Early Saharan PastoralistsParagraph 1:The Sahara is a highly diverse, albeit dry, region that has undergone major climatic changes since 10,000 B.C. As recently as 6,000 B.C. the southern frontier of the desert was far to the north of where it is now, while semiarid grassland and shallow freshwater lakes covered much of what are now arid plains. This was a landscape where antelope of all kinds abounded----along with Bos primigenius, a kind of oxen that has become extinct. The areas that are now desert were, like all arid regions, very susceptible to cycles of higher and lower levels of rainfall, resulting in major, sudden changes in distributions of plants and animals. The people who hunted the sparse desert animals responded to drought by managing the wild resources they hunted and gathered, especially wild oxen, which had to have regular water supplies to survive.1.According to paragraph 1, what was true of the Sahara region around 6,000 B.C.?O Much less of it was desert than is now the case.O Most areas that are now grassland were covered by shallow lakes.O It had just undergone a major climatic change.O Wild oxen and antelopes lived in separate parts of the region.解析：A 事实信息题原文写到“在公元前六千年左右，在沙漠的南边界，远离北边的地方现在是干旱的平原，当时这里是各种羚羊和原始牛都很丰富的山水画般的地方”那么也就是说那时候那个地方还不是沙漠。

facts and details (negative facts) 托福英语阅读理解技巧-细节事实题

设题特点：
题干设计常常避开原文中所用的词汇，而用其同义词、近义词或反义词设题。
解题技巧与策略
第一步：略读题干(Skimming)
首先，快速浏览每道试题的题干(即问题)。
第二步：通读全文(Scanning)
浏览了题干与选项之后，要带着“问题”通读全文。
第三步：研读攻关(Close-reading)
symptoms of food poisoning usually
begin within hours of eating the poisoned
food. Fever isymptoms.
Passage2
Q Which of the following statements is NOT true? 三正一误
diet—n_o_t _to__lo_s_e_a__li_tt_le__w_e_ig_h_t_b_u_t_t_o_a_n_s_w_er a_n_a_n_n_o_y_in_g_q_u_e_s_ti_o_n_a_b_ou_t_c_l_im_a_t_e_c_h_a_ng_e_.
7. Why did the author and his wife try a new diet? A. To take special kinds of food 原因 B. To respond to climate change. C. To lose weight D. To improve their health
Food poisoning is usually 2 是非题 not serious, but some types are deadly.
Reading material 3
The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. That is the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1℃. The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows……

托福阅读十大题型简介

托福阅读十大题型简介阅读是托福考试中非常重要的一部分，能否做好阅读对于托福成绩有重要影响。

店铺为您带来托福阅读十大题型简介，希望对备考托福的同学有所帮助。

托福阅读十大题型简介一、图表题总结全文原则1、根据引导词先大定位2、匹配与引导词语义相关的选项，排除与引导词无关/错误的选项二、事实信息题同义改写原则1、读题干，找到其中的关键词2、根据关键词，定位到原文中的有效信息3、正确答案是原文有效信息的同意改写4、选项定位法，逐个击破三、否定事实信息题排除原则1、选项定位法2、核对题干信息四、修辞目的题细节原则1、看选项中的动词从文中找逻辑排除(demonstrate/contrast/refute…)2、重点看本句(细节题)前一两句(观点)，关注段首句(段落观点)3、选择同义改写五、推断题排除原则1、根据原文有效信息选项定位法，逐个击破2、不可过分推，宁可推少，不可推多;宁可保守，都不过分推理3、思路上可以有取反或取非六、句子简化题逻辑对应原则1、正确选项必须包含原句主要信息(主干)，修饰信息可删除，可同义改写，可概括总结;2、最好用的逻辑关系词对照：因果(原因对原因，结果对结果);转折让步比较(虽然对虽然，但是对但是)3、and前后信息有前必有后，不能缺失前后信息七、句子插入题承上启下原则先看插入句找线索，三大线索分别是代词，逻辑连接词和结构八、指代题联系上下文原则指代对象一般为前一句的主语或宾语(主优先于宾九、词汇题熟词直选原则认识单词直接选;不认识根据上下文的逻辑猜测十、六选三题总结观点原则1、全文主题2、一个或多个段落的主旨大意了解了托福阅读题型，解题方法需要考生灵活掌握，才能在托福考试中处变不惊。

托福阅读真题练习：美国历史托福阅读文本：During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seatsof power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local women's organizations compiled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence, newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources from the core of the two greatest collections of women's history in the United States one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at Radcliffé College, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later generations of historians.Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth century, most of the writing about women conformed to the "great women" theory of history, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on "great men." To demonstrate that women were making significantcontributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women's right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.托福阅读题目：1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The role of literature in earlyAmerican histories(B) The place ofAmerican women in written histories(C) The keen sense of history shown byAmerican women(D) The "great women" approach to history used by American historians2. The word "contemporary" in line 6 means that the history was(A) informative(B) written at that time(C) thoughtful(D) faultfinding3. In the first paragraph, Bradstreet, Warren, and Adams are mentioned to show that(A) a woman's status was changed by marriage(B) even the contributions of outstanding women were ignored(C) only three women were able to get their writing published(D) poetry produced by women was more readily accepted than other writing by women4. The word "celebratory" in line 12 means that the writingsreferred to were(A) related to parties(B) religious(C) serious(D) full of praise5. The word "they" in line 12 refers to(A) efforts(B) authors(C) counterparts(D) sources6. In the second paragraph, what weakness in nineteenth-century histories does the author pointout?(A) They put too much emphasis on daily activities(B) They left out discussion of the influence of money on politics.(C) The sources of the information they were based on were not necessarily accurate.(D) They were printed on poor-quality paper.7. On the basis of information in the third paragraph, which of the following would most likelyhave been collected by nineteenth-century feminist organizations?(A) Newspaper accounts of presidential election results(B) Biographies of John Adams(C) Letters from a mother to a daughter advising her how to handle a family problem(D) Books about famous graduates of the country's first college8. What use was made of the nineteenth-century women'shistory materials in the SchlesingerLibrary and the Sophia Smith Collection?(A) They were combined and published in a multivolume encyclopedia(B) They formed the basis of college courses in the nineteenth century.(C) They provided valuable information for twentieth-century historical researchers.(D) They were shared among women's colleges throughout the United States.9. In the last paragraph, the author mentions all of the following as possible roles ofnineteenth-century "great women" EXCEPT(A) authors(B) reformers(C) activists for women's rights(D) politicians10. The word "representative" in line 29 is closest in meaning to(A) typical(B) satisfied(C) supportive(D) distinctive托福阅读答案：BBBDB CCCDA托福阅读真题练习：人工孵化项目托福阅读文本：Aviculturists, people who raise birds for commercial sale, have not yet learned how to simulate the natural incubation of parrot eggs in the wild. They continue to look for better ways toincrease egg production and to improve chick survival rates.When parrots incubate their eggs in the wild, the temperature and humidity of the nest are controlled naturally. Heat is transferred from the bird's skin to the top portion of the eggshell, leaving the sides and bottom of the egg at a cooler temperature. This temperature gradient may be vital to successful hatching. Nest construction can contribute to this temperature gradient. Nests of loosely arranged sticks, rocks, or dirt are cooler in temperature at the bottom where the egg contacts the nesting material. Such nests also act as humidity regulators by allowing rain to drain into the bottom sections of the nest so that the eggs are not in direct contact with the water. As the water that collects in the bottom of the nest evaporates, the water vapor rises and is heated by the incubating bird, which adds significant humidity to the incubation environment.In artificial incubation programs, aviculturists remove eggs from the nests of parrots and incubate them under laboratory conditions. Most commercial incubators heat the eggs fairly evenly from top to bottom, thus ignoring the bird's method of natural incubation, and perhaps reducing the viability and survivability of the hatching chicks. When incubators are not used, aviculturists sometimes suspend wooden boxes outdoors to use as nests in which to place eggs. In areas where weather can become cold after eggs are laid, it is very important to maintain a deep foundation of nesting material to act as insulator against the cold bottom of the box. If eggs rest against the wooden bottom in extremely cold weather conditions, they can become chilled to a point where the embryo can no longer survive. Similarly, these boxes should be protected from direct sunlight to avoid high temperatures that are also fatal to the growingembryo. Nesting material should be added in sufficient amounts to avoid both extreme temperature situations mentioned above and assure that the eggs have a soft, secure place to rest.托福阅读题目：1. What is the main idea of the passage ?(A) Nesting material varies according to the parrots' environment.(B) Humidity is an important factor in incubating parrots' eggs.(C)Aviculturists have constructed the ideal nest box for parrots.(D) Wild parrots' nests provide information useful for artificial incubation.2. The word "They" in line 2 refers to(A) aviculturists(B) birds(C) eggs(D) rates3. According to paragraph 2, when the temperature of the sides and bottom of the egg are cooler than the top, then(A) there may be a good chance for successful incubation(B) the embryo will not develop normally(C) the incubating parent moves the egg to a new position.(D) the incubation process is slowed down4.According to paragraph 2, sticks, rocks, or dirt are used to(A) soften the bottom of the nest for the newly hatched chick(B) hold the nest together(C) help lower the temperature at the bottom of the nest(D) make the nest bigger5.According to paragraph 2, the construction of the nestallows water to(A) provide a beneficial source of humidity in the nest(B) loosen the materials at the bottom of the nest(C) keep the nest in a clean condition(D) touch the bottom of the eggs6.All of the following are part of a parrot's incubation method EXCEPT(A) heating the water vapor as it rises from the bottom of the nest(B) arranging nesting material at the bottom of the nest(C) transferring heat from the parent to the top of the eggshell(D) maintaining a constant temperature on the eggshell7. The word "suspend" in line 18 is closest in meaning to(A) build(B) paint(C) hang(D) move8. The word "fatal" in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) close(B) deadly(C) natural(D) hot9. The word "secure" in line 27 is closest in meaning to(A) fresh(B) dry(C) safe(D) warm10.According to paragraph 3, a deep foundation of nesting material provides(A) a constant source of humidity(B) a strong nest box(C) more room for newly hatched chicks(D) protection against cold weather11. Which of the following is a problem with commercial incubators?(A) They lack the natural temperature changes of the outdoors.(B) They are unable to heat the eggs evenly(C) They do not transfer heat to the egg in the same way the parent bird does.(D) They are expensive to operate.12. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage ?(A)Aviculturists (line 1)(B) gradient (line 8)(C) incubation (line 15)(D) embryo (line 22)托福阅读答案：DAACADCBCD CA。

TOEFL阅读十大题型精讲

试题结构阅读部分篇数时间文章长度问题数量Passage120分钟Approximately700 words12-14 个Passage2 & Passage340分钟Approximately700 words perset每篇12-14个Passage 4& Passage 5（遇加试时才有）40分钟Approximately700 words perset每篇12-14个TOEFL 阅读首堂课介绍• 1. what is TOEFL? why do you guys study TOEFL？• 2. what is TPO?• 3. what is pbt-cbt-ibt?• 4. what is OG?• 5. 托福阅读十大题型介绍+ 例题？• 6. 高分标准？•7. 教案思路？（词汇+ 语法+ 长难句+ 简单阅读）•8. 介绍上这门基础课的目的何在？？学生学完这门课有什么收获？？•9. “授渔”而非“授鱼”？一.事实信息题（Factual Information Questions ）•①.问题形式：•According to the paragraph,which of following is true of X?•The author's discription of X mentions which of following?•According to the paragraph,X did Y because...•According to the paragraph, why did X do Y?•②.例题：•1790 saw the nation entering a new era of road development.Unable to finance road construction,states turnd for help to privatecompanies,organized by merchants and land speculators who had a personal interest in better communications with the interior.•According to the passage, why did states need private companies' help in road building?• a. the states were unable to build roads themselves financially.• b. private companies could spend less time completing roads.• c. the states did not have as much equipment as private companies.• d. private companies had more knowledge of the interior.二.指代题（Reference Questions）• .问题形式：The word (or phrase) X in the passage refers to ?（常考的代词有they,this, it, others, which等）。

托福阅读题型

托福阅读题型1.事实信息题(Factual information)事实信息题是托福阅读中数量最多的题型，在每篇阅读文章中都会有3-6题为事实信息题。

这个题型如同其字面含义，就是考察大家对阅读文章中包含的各类信息的掌握程度。

这类题目的提问方式主要有两种，分别是：According to the paragraph，...?The author's description of X mentions which of the following?2.否认事实信息题(Negative Factual Infomation)这个题型和上面的事实信息题正好相反，如果说事实信息题问的是文章里讲了什么，那么否认事实信息题问的就是文章里没讲没有提及什么。

这类题型的考察目的和事实信息题相同，也是考察考生对文章包含信息的了解。

每篇文章中这样的题目数量最多2题，也有可能1道都没有。

这个题型的提问方式是：According to the passage,which of the following is NOT true of X?The author's description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT...3.暗示推理题(Inference)这个题型同样问的是事实，但并不是文章直接提到的事实，而是需要考生结合文章给出信息进行一定推理后得出的结论，对考生的逻辑推理分析能力有一定要求。

这个题型每篇阅读中都会有1到3题，常见提问方式是：Which of the following can be inferred about X?The author of the passage implies that X...Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about X?4.修辞目的题(Rhetorical Purpose)这个题型的题数为1-2题，光看名字似乎有点不太好理解，其实通俗来说就是问目的或者说原因，比如作者会什么要提某人某事，或者作者提及某人某事是为了什么等等。

托福阅读细节题技巧

托福阅读细节题技巧在〔托福〕听力考试中，细节题又叫事实信息题，这一题型常常在考试中出现，但许多粗心的同学总会做错。

今天给大家分享了托福阅读细节题技巧有哪些，赶紧来看看吧!1. 直接对应特定的词这应该是最容易看到的一种细节题出题的状况，当然它的难度也是最低的。

在这种状况下，题目中往往包涵一个特定的单词，考生可以在原文中找到完全相同的单词。

在这种状况下，可以直接做出选择，而不必浪费时间检查其他段落。

2. 找到定位句这与第一种状况类似，但不是对特定单词的直接反应，而是对句子的直接反应。

也就是说，问题或选项中的一个句子的整个或部分可以在原文中找到相同或相似的对应内容。

在这种状况下，如果你想回到原文去找必须要从定位句下手，有时不仅涉及原句本身，而且也涉及它的上下文前后相关的内容，当然，只要你能成功地找到原句，想解答细节题难度也不会太大。

3.多个分散选项的对应具体来说，一个问题中的四个选项可能不是对应于一个单独的细节，而是对应于文章中分散在不同地方的各种细节。

这些细节在现在的托福阅读考试中并不常见，但它们确实有时会出现。

一旦考生碰到这个问题，就必须要花费更多的时间和精力来找到每个细节的对应位置，然后逐个排除。

更有效的方法是找到问题的大致对应的位置，然后依据问题的内容，直接从段落的位置所在进行排除检查，这样可以快速解决一些不相关的选项，节省一定的时间来解决这个问题。

4.原文找不到相符的单词句子一般状况下，这种状况是由于出题方在准备主题随时意使用意译，也就是用不同的方式来表述原文的细节，并且变化的范围比较大。

虽然基本意思坚持不变，但是从单词和句子中却看不到原来的样子。

这就要求你首先充分了解问题的具体内容，同时具备一定的同义词知识储备，两者结合才干更好地回答这个细节。

当然，这种难的细节很少被考生碰到，这样的问题在TPO中出现的次数不会太多，但你仍然必须要了解如何做题，避免出其不意。

我相信只要做好了这几点，以后碰到相似的题目也不用慌了，有保持就会有收获!。

托福阅读否定事实信息题合集之TPO14-2

托福阅读否定事实信息题合集之TPO14-2托福阅读否定事实信息题是阅读考试十大题型之一，通常每篇阅读中都会出现;tpo是托福阅读备考最权威的材料，所以托福小编综合二者，为大家集中整理了tpo阅读中考察的否定事实信息题及其对应的解析，供大家参考使用。

本文带来的是TPO14-2的否定事实信息题，一起来看看吧。

TPO14-2Maya Water ProblemsParagraph2:From north to south in the Yucatan Peninsula,where the Maya lived,rainfall ranges from18to100inches(457to2,540millimeters)per year,and the soils become thicker,so that the southern peninsula was agriculturally more productive and supported denser populations.But rainfall in the Maya homeland is unpredictably variable between years; some recent years have had three or four times more rain than other years.As a result, modern farmers attempting to grow corn in the ancient Maya homelands have faced frequent crop failures,especially in the north.The ancient Maya were presumably more experienced and did better,but nevertheless they too must have faced risks of crop failures from droughts and hurricanes.2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph2as a difference between the northern and southern Yucatan Peninsula?○The annual rainfall was greater in the south.○The population density was lower in the north.○Agricultural productivity was greater in the south○Rainfall was more unpredictable and variable in the south.解析：EXCEPT题，排除法。