(完整版)虚拟语气语法归纳.

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英语语法 虚拟语气的知识点归纳

英语语法 虚拟语气的知识点归纳

英语语法虚拟语气的知识点归纳一、虚拟条件句(一)含有if条件句的主从句的虚拟语气总结:1. If 条件句中谓语动词的虚拟结构是在原来陈述语气所用时态的基础上倒退一个时态(对将来虚拟的were to do/should do例外)2. 主句要借助于情态动词的过去式,后跟动词原形(现在或将来)或have done(过去);if条件句中只出现一个情态动词,即对将来虚拟的should.3.做此类题目时一定要分清是从句还是主句谓语动词的虚拟,还要把握好时态。

注意:1. 在虚拟条件从句中,动词“be”的过去时态一律用”were”,不用was。

2. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词中任何一个,可省略if,把这三个词提到主语之前, 变成:were/should/had +主语+剩余成分。

3.在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。

如我们可说Were I not to do., 而不能说Weren‘t I to do。

4.在表示与将来事实相反的条件句中,只能用should,而不能用would,could和might 等。

5.主句中的should通常用于第一人称,would,could以及might 可以用于各种人称eg :①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。

②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。

在虚拟条件句中,对于与将来事实相反的情形,请注意以下几点:(1)条件从句表示的内容与将来事实相反,实为对将来情况的推测,用过去时表示虚拟;(2)条件从句谓语除用过去式外,有时也用“should+动词原形(表示可能性极小,常译为“万一”)”或“were to+动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的假设)”;(3)条件从句使用“should+动词原形”这样的谓语形式时,主句谓语除可用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式外,也可用直陈语气或祈使语气。

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。

虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。

一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。

例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。

例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。

例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。

虚拟语气的用法归纳

虚拟语气的用法归纳

虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表达说话人的假设、愿望、猜测、建议等非现实的情况。

虚拟语气在英语中的使用非常广泛,包括情态动词、动词的过去式、过去完成时、be 型虚拟式等形式。

下面我将详细介绍虚拟语气的用法。

一、情态动词的虚拟语气1. 表示现在或将来的假设例如:If I had money, I would travel around the world.2. 表示过去的假设例如:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.3. 表示与现在事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I were rich.4. 表示与过去事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I had studied harder.5. 表示与将来事实可能相反的愿望例如:I wish it would stop raining.二、动词的过去式的虚拟语气1. 表示现在或将来的假设例如:If I knew the answer, I would tell you.2. 表示过去的假设例如:If I had seen the movie, I would have recommended it to you.三、过去完成时的虚拟语气1. 表示过去的假设例如:If I had had more time, I would have finished the work.2. 表示与过去事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I had gone to the party last night.四、be型虚拟式1. 表示现在或将来的假设例如:If I were you, I would take the job.2. 表示与现在事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I were in Hawaii now.五、混合虚拟语气1. 表示过去的假设例如:If I had known that you were coming, I would have met you at the airport.2. 表示与过去事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I had studied harder and passed the exam.六、虚拟语气的特殊用法1. 在某些形容词后面使用虚拟语气例如:It is important that you be on time.2. 在某些名词后面使用虚拟语气例如:It is necessary that he study harder.3. 在某些介词后面使用虚拟语气例如:I am glad that you came.以上是虚拟语气的用法归纳,希望对大家有所帮助。

虚拟语气用法总结(超好)

虚拟语气用法总结(超好)

虚拟语气用法总结(超好)虚拟语气用法总结虚拟语气是英语中的一种语法现象,它用于表达与事实相反、与现实相反或与过去事实相反的假设或愿望。

虚拟语气不仅存在于从句中,也可以出现在主句中。

虽然虚拟语气的用法较为多样,但是掌握其基本规则能够帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思。

本文将对虚拟语气的用法进行总结和归纳。

一、过去时的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句当表示与现实相反的假设或条件时,使用虚拟条件句。

这种句子通常包含一个条件从句和一个结果从句,条件从句使用过去完成时,结果从句使用"would"、"could"或"might"加动词原形。

例如:- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我当时学得更努力,我就能通过考试。

)- If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared dinner.(如果我知道你要来,我就会准备晚餐。

)2. 虚拟表达愿望或建议当表达与现实相反的愿望或建议时,使用虚拟语气,即将过去时态的动词形式改为"would"加动词原形。

例如:- I wish I were taller.(我希望我更高。

)- She suggested that he take a bus.(她建议他坐公交车。

)二、现在时的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句与过去时的虚拟条件句类似,现在时的虚拟条件句也包含一个条件从句和一个结果从句。

条件从句使用"were to"结构或"should"加动词原形,结果从句使用"would"、"could"或"might"加动词原形。

例如:- If I were to win the lottery, I would travel the world.(如果我中了彩票,我会周游世界。

高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳

高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳

高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳以下是高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,表示假设、愿望、建议、命令、猜测等非真实的情况。

一、基本用法1. 与现在事实相反条件从句:If + 主语 + 动词过去式(be 动词用 were)主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句:If I were you, I would study harder. (如果我是你,我会更努力学习。

)Wouldn't life be boring if we had everything we wanted? (如果我们想要什么就有什么,生活岂不是很无聊?)2. 与过去事实相反条件从句:If + 主语 + had + 过去分词主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词例句:If I had known your phone number, I would have called you. (如果我知道你的电话号码,我就给你打电话了。

)Couldn't you have done better if you had tried harder? (如果你再努力些,难道不能做得更好吗?)3. 与将来事实相反条件从句:① If + 主语 + 动词过去式② If + 主语 + were to + 动词原形③ If + 主语 + should + 动词原形主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句:If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home. (如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。

)If she were to come here tomorrow, I would be very happy. (如果她明天来这儿,我会非常高兴。

)If he should fail in the exam, how disappointed his parents would be!(要是他考试不及格,他父母该多失望啊!)二、固定搭配1. wish 后的宾语从句与现在事实相反:从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反:从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反:从句用 would/could + 动词原形例句:I wish I were as tall as you. (我希望我和你一样高。

(word完整版)高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结,推荐文档

(word完整版)高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结,推荐文档

①错综时间条件句:当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为错综时间条件句,动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。

如:If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.②i f省略句在条件句中可以省略if,把were, had, should提到句首,变成倒装句式。

如:If I were at school again, I would study harder. T Were I at school aga in, I would study harder.如果我还有上学的机会,我会更加努力学习。

If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus.T Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus.如果你来得早点,你就能赶上公共汽车。

If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climb ing.T Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话,我们就不能登山去了。

③用介词代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for。

如:What would you do with a million dollars ? (=if you had a million dollars) 如果你有100万元,你会做什么?We couldn 't have finished the work ahead of time without your help . (=if we hadn 'tgot your help)没有你的帮助,我们不可能提前完成这项工作。

虚拟语气英语知识点总结

虚拟语气英语知识点总结

虚拟语气英语知识点总结一、虚拟语气的概念。

虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测或建议等。

二、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法。

1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。

- 结构:从句(If + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)),主句(主语+ would/should/could/might+动词原形)。

- 例如:If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更努力学习。

实际上我不是你)2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。

- 结构:从句(If+主语+had+过去分词),主句(主语+would/should/could/might + have+过去分词)。

- 例如:If he had taken my advice, he would have passed the exam.(如果他听了我的建议,他就会通过考试了。

实际上他没听建议,也没通过考试)3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。

- 结构:从句(If+主语+动词的过去式/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形),主句(主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形)。

- 例如:If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们就会待在家里。

明天是否下雨还不确定,但这是一种假设情况)- 或者If he should come tomorrow, I would tell him the news.(如果他明天来,我就会告诉他这个消息)- 以及If I were to see her tomorrow, I would give her the book.(如果我明天见到她,我就会把书给她)三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。

1. wish后的宾语从句。

- 表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去式(be动词用were)。

英语语法:虚拟语气归纳整理

英语语法:虚拟语气归纳整理

虚拟语气一、语气的分类语气概述:语气,跟失态和语态一样,也是动词的一种形式,表明说话者的意图、态度和目的。

英语中有三种语气:陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。

1.陈述语气:用来陈述事实或提出想法,包括肯定、否定例:Recent pressure at work may account for his behaviour.他的行为也许是最近的工作压力导致的。

2.祈使语气:表明说话人提出请求、命令或劝告等例:Calm down and tell me what happened.冷静点儿,告诉我发生了什么事。

祈使语气也可用在并列句中表示条件Work hard and you will succeed.好好干,你会成功的。

H e quick or you’ll be late.快点儿,否则你会迟到。

3.虚拟语气:表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、请求、命令;有时是一种非真实的假设,与事实不符或相反的情况例:If had seen him yesterday, I would have told him the news.我如果昨天见到他,就会把这个消息告诉他了。

二、虚拟语气的用法(一)虚拟语气在条件句中的应用1.虚拟语气主要用在虚拟条件中,表示根本不存在的情况或可能很小的假设虚拟语气用于if条件句中时,主句和从句谓语动词的形式如下:——与现在事实相反:过去式(be一般用were)should/ would/could/might+动词原形——与过去事实相反:had+过去分词should/ would/ could/ might have +过去分词——与将来事实相反:过去式(be一般用were)/should + 动词原形/ were to + 动词原形should/ would/ could/might + 动词原形例:If I had enough money, I would buy myself a computer.我如果有足够的钱,会为自己买一台电脑。

完整版)虚拟语气语法归纳

完整版)虚拟语气语法归纳

完整版)虚拟语气语法归纳.虚拟语气语法归纳虚拟语气的使用主要体现在三个方面:虚拟条件句、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用,以及虚拟语气的一些特殊用法。

虚拟条件句虚拟条件句是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设。

所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反,或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种:与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,以及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。

具体情况请看下表:例句:1.表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now。

I would lend it to you.If I were you。

I would tell him my true feelings.If I were a boy。

I would join the army.If she had time。

she would go with you.2.表示与过去事实相反If he had XXX your advice。

XXX't have made such a bad mistake.She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn't been very busy.If he had XXX my advice。

he would have XXX.3.表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were Sunday tomorrow.If he were given another chance to do it again。

he could XXX.If it were to rain tomorrow。

the football match would be postponed.1.虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)if+主语+had+过去分词+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词+其他例:1.XXX,XXX如果我知道你要来,我就会准备些食物的。

(事实:我不知道)2.XXX,XXX.如果我当时研究更努力些,我就能通过考试了。

(事实:我没有用功研究)3、表示与将来事实相反的情况:if+主语+were/should+动词原形+其他+主语+would/could/might+动词原形+其他例:1.IfIwereyou,XXX.如果我是你,我不会那样做。

(将来:我不可能成为你)2.XXX,XXX.如果下雨了,带上这把伞。

(将来:不一定会下雨)1.If I had arrived earlier。

I would have been able to meet her。

(Fact: I arrived late)2.If he had XXX my advice。

he would not have made such a mistake。

(Fact: He didn't listen to me)3.If he were to come here tomorrow。

I would talk to him。

(Fact: It's XXX he will come)In expressing ns。

orders。

requests。

etc。

the subjunctive mood is often used in the object clause。

with the verb in the form of "should + infinitive," which can be omitted.Other uses of XXX:1.The subjunctive mood is used in the object clause after "wish" to express a XXX fact。

英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳

英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳

英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳虚拟语气(Subjunctive mood)是英语中一种特殊的语气形式,用于表示说话人的假设、愿望、建议、要求、命令等非真实情况。

虚拟语气在句子中通常与动词的调整和语法结构上的变化相关。

以下是对虚拟语气的语法知识的总结归纳:1.条件句中的虚拟语气:1.1 条件句中表示对现在的假设:使用虚拟语气的一般公式是:if + 主语 + 过去式,主句使用would/could/should/might + 动词原形。

例如:- If I were you, I would go to the meeting.(如果我是你,我会去开会。

)注意,这里的"were"是一个特殊的虚拟语气形式,用于所有人称和数。

- If she had studied harder, she might have passed the exam.(如果她努力学习,她可能会通过考试。

)1.2 条件句中表示对过去的假设:使用虚拟语气的一般公式是:if + 主语 + 过去完成时,主句使用would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词。

例如:- If I had known it, I would have told you.(如果我知道了,我会告诉你的。

)- If she had arrived earlier, she might have caught the bus.(如果她早点到,她可能会赶上公共汽车。

)2.虚拟条件句中的特殊情况:2.1 在虚拟条件句中表示命令、建议时,主句中的动词可以使用动词原形(而不是would/could/should/might + 动词原形)。

例如:- If you have any questions, please let me know.(如果你有任何问题,请告诉我。

)- If I were you, I would take a break.(如果我是你,我会休息一下。

虚拟语气语法总结

虚拟语气语法总结

虚拟语气语法总结虚拟语气是相对于现实语气而言的,它表示一种假设情况或者是一种不确定的情况。

在汉语中可能不太常用虚拟语气,但在英语中,虚拟语气很常见,它常用于条件句和从句。

本文将对虚拟语气的语法进行总结。

一、虚拟条件句虚拟条件句指的是一个条件是虚拟的,即并不存在这样的情况。

它通常分为以下两种情况:1. 与现在的情况相反如果条件与现在的情况相反,我们就说它是虚拟的。

这种情况下,我们使用虚拟语气来表达:1) If I were you, I would try harder. (如果我是你,我会更加努力。

)2) If I had more money, I would consider buying a new car. (如果我有更多的钱,我就会考虑买一辆新车。

)2. 与过去的情况相反如果条件与过去的情况相反,我们也使用虚拟语气来表达:1) If I had known that, I would have come earlier. (如果我当时知道的话,我就会早点过来了。

)2) If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam. (如果我当时学得更刻苦,我就能通过考试了。

)注意事项:1. 当使用“were”时,它代替的是“is”或“am”而不是“was”,这就是为什么说如果我“were”而不是如果我“was”的原因。

2. 在虚拟条件句中,“would”与“should”含义相同,用法也相同。

二、虚拟从句虚拟从句指的是一种假设性的或者不确定的情况,比如说:1. If I were to win the lottery, I would buy a new house. (如果我赢了彩票,我会买一套新房子。

)2. If it were not for you, I would never have made it. (如果不是你的话,我永远都不会成功。

英语if虚拟语气语法总结

英语if虚拟语气语法总结

英语if虚拟语气语法总结一、英语if虚拟语气语法总结(一)含义与概念虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人的主观愿望、假设、猜测、建议等非真实情况。

就像在幻想世界里搭建语言的城堡,它脱离了现实的束缚,创造出一种别样的语义空间。

在英语里,if引导的虚拟语气是其中非常重要的一部分。

(二)语法结构及解释1. 与现在事实相反- 结构:If + 主语+ 动词的一般过去式(be动词一律用were),主语+ would/should/could/might+动词原形。

- 例如:If I were you, I would study harder.(要是我是你,我就会更努力学习。

)这里的“我是你”在现实中是不可能的,所以用虚拟语气。

用were而不用was是这种虚拟语气中be动词的特殊形式,就像一种约定俗成的魔法规则。

2. 与过去事实相反- 结构:If + 主语+ had + 过去分词,主语+would/should/could/might+ have+过去分词。

- 例如:If he had taken my advice, he would have passed the exam.(如果他听了我的建议,他本可以通过考试的。

)但是实际上他没听建议,也没通过考试,这是对过去发生的事情的一种假设性的后悔或者惋惜的表达。

3. 与将来事实相反- 结构:If + 主语+ 动词的一般过去式/should + 动词原形/were to+动词原形,主语+ would/should/could/might+动词原形。

- 例如:If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.(要是明天下雨,我们就会待在家里。

)虽然明天还没到来,但是这是一种假设性的对未来情况的预想。

或者If I should win the lottery, I would travel around the world.(要是我能中彩票,我就会环游世界。

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

虚拟语气:表示说的话不是事实,表示说的话不是事实,不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况,不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况,不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况,表达一种愿望、表达一种愿望、表达一种愿望、建建议、假设。

议、假设。

一、条件状语从句中的用法一、条件状语从句中的用法从句 谓语形式谓语形式主句 谓语形式谓语形式现在现在were/ didwould/could/should (+not) + do 过去过去 had donewould/could/should/might (not)+ have done将来将来1. were/did2. should do3. were to dowould/could/should/might (not) + do简单记法:简单记法:if were/did, would doif had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do举例:举例:If I were you, I would do nothing about it.If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低),they wouldn’t go shopping.附注:附注:虚拟语气,条件状从倒装虚拟语气,条件状从倒装状语从句中,去掉if, 提前were/ had/ should 如:If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give upIf you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world should come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end……另外,without, but for, otherwise 构成的条件状语从句中,也有含蓄的虚拟语气构成的条件状语从句中,也有含蓄的虚拟语气 But for the populariza on of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (populariza on 普及,publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed.We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat. (表示可能性小)(表示可能性小)但其实,高中英语考试也常考:但其实,高中英语考试也常考:错综虚拟语气条件句错综虚拟语气条件句 即:即:假设条件状从发生的时间与所假设的谓语动词不一致,此时,主句和从句要根据各自的时间而定。

(完整版)虚拟语气用法归纳

(完整版)虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气(the subjunctive mood)用法归纳第一部分:语气的定义和种类1、语气(mood)语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

2、语气的种类⑴陈述语气:表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。

如:①There are two sides to every question. 每个问题都有两个方面。

②Were you busy all day yesterday? 昨天一整天你都很忙吗?③How good a teacher she is! 她是多好的一位老师啊!⑵祈使语气:表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。

如:①Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了。

②Don’t forget to turn off the light. 别忘了关灯。

⑶虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

如:①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。

②I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。

③May you succeed! 祝您成功!第二部分:简单句中的虚拟语气一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气,常用于日常会话中。

如:⑴Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗?⑵It would be better for you not to stay up too late. 你最好别熬夜到很晚。

二、表祝愿。

1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿,但愿,may须置于句首(多用于正式文体中)。

如:⑴May good luck be yours! 祝你好运!⑵May you be happy! 祝你快乐!⑶May you do even better! 祝你取得更大成就!⑷May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。

英语虚拟语气语法总结

英语虚拟语气语法总结

英语虚拟语气语法总结虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)是英语中一种特殊的语气形式,用来表达非真实情况、假设情况、愿望、建议等。

虚拟语气需要根据上下文来区分,采用特定的动词形式。

以下是对英语虚拟语气的语法总结:一、假设与虚拟条件:1. 表示假设情况时,使用"if"引导从句,主句使用虚拟语气。

- If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更努力学习。

)- If you had told me earlier, I could have helped you.(如果你早告诉我,我本可以帮你。

)2. 当表示与现实相反的情况时,主句使用过去时的虚拟语气,从句使用过去完成时的虚拟语气。

- He wishes he were taller.(他希望自己长得更高。

)- I wish I hadn't eaten so much.(我希望我没吃那么多。

)3. 在嵌入式虚拟语气中,主句使用过去时的虚拟语气,从句使用过去完成时的虚拟语气。

- She suggested that he have a rest.(她建议他休息一下。

)- It is important that he be on time.(他准时到达很重要。

)二、愿望与建议:1. 表示愿望时,使用"would like"或"hope",后接宾语从句。

- I would like you to come to my party.(我希望你来参加我的派对。

)- She hopes that the weather will be good tomorrow.(她希望明天天气会好。

)2. 表示建议时,使用"should"或"would rather"等,后接宾语从句。

- I suggest that you see a doctor.(我建议你去看医生。

英语虚拟语气语法总结

英语虚拟语气语法总结

英语虚拟语气语法总结虚拟语气常常使学习英语的人感到困惑。

它需要我们以想象的方式来表达一种与事实不符的情况或假设。

在这篇文章中,我们将对英语虚拟语气进行总结并提供一些实用的例子。

一、虚拟语气的形式和用法虚拟语气的形式主要有:1. 过去式虚拟:用于表示与现在事实相反的情况。

例如:"If I were rich, I would buy a yacht."(如果我富有,我会买一艘游艇。

)2. 过去完成式虚拟:用于表示与过去事实相反的情况。

例如:"If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam."(如果她学得更努力,她本来会通过考试的。

)3. 条件句中的虚拟语气:用于表示与现在或将来事实相反的情况。

例如:"If I had more time, I would go on a vacation."(如果我有更多时间,我会去度假。

)4. 愿望虚拟语气:用于表示对目前或过去情况的希望、期待。

例如:"I wish I were taller."(但事实是我并不高。

)二、虚拟语气的用法详解1. 表示虚拟条件的句子虚拟条件句常常由“if”引导,其中包含一个假设性的陈述。

在这种情况下,我们使用过去时态来表示与现在事实相反的情况。

例如:"If Iwere you, I would apologize."(如果我是你,我会道歉。

)这里的“were”是过去式虚拟的一种形式,用来表示与现实情况不符的假设。

2. 表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气过去完成式虚拟经常出现在假设条件中。

例如:"If she had told him the truth, he wouldn't have been angry."(如果她告诉了他真相,他不会生气。

高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结

高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结

高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结虚拟语气通常用于表达与现实相反的假设情况。

在非真实条件句中,虚拟语气的形式有两种:与现在事实相反的假设和与过去或将来事实相反的假设。

与现在事实相反的假设通常使用if+主语+助动词的过去式(如were。

did。

had)+动词原形,主句则使用XXX动词原形。

例如:If I had time。

I would XXX。

如果我有时间,我会参加会议。

与过去或将来事实相反的假设则有三种形式:①if+主语+动词过去式;②if+主语+wereto+动词原形;③if+主语+should+动词原形(注意不能是would)。

主句同样使用XXX动词原形。

例如:If you had taken my advice。

you would not have failed in the exam。

如果你听了我的建议,你就不会在考试中失败了。

在错综时间条件句中,动词形式要根据表示时间的状语从句作出相应的调整。

另外,在条件句中可以省略if,把were、had、should提到句首,变成倒装句式。

例如:Were I at school again。

I would study harder。

如果我还有上学的机会,我会更加努力研究。

Had you arrived earlier。

you would have caught the bus.If it rains tomorrow。

XXX climbing.What would you do with a n dollars?We couldn't have finished the work ahead of time without your help.Otherwise。

I would have taken part in the sports meeting.XXX me of your birthday。

or else I would have known nothing about it.A man who s drinking water would be dead in about seven days.I might have been XXX assistance。

高中语气虚拟知识点总结

高中语气虚拟知识点总结

高中语气虚拟知识点总结一、虚拟语气的基本概念1. 虚拟语气是用来表达说话者所希望或假设的情况,而不是真实的情况。

它通常出现在条件句、宾语从句和主语从句中。

2. 虚拟语气的形式包括过去时、过去完成时和 should/would/could/might+动词原形等形式。

3. 在条件句中,如果条件句是虚拟的,那么其结果句也要使用虚拟语气,即用过去时(be 动词用were)、过去完成时或 should/would/could/might+动词原形等形式。

二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1. 在宾语从句中,如果主句是虚拟的,那么宾语从句也要使用虚拟语气。

比如:主句:I wish that he were here.宾语从句: He wishes (that) he could go with you.2. 特殊的动词词组,如:suggest, propose, demand, insist, mandate等动词后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。

比如:They demanded that he apologize for his mistake.3. 如果宾语从句表示的是将来的情况,那么要使用should/would/could/might+动词原形等形式,表示愿望或假设。

比如:I suggested that he should visit his aunt next week.三、虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法1. 在主语从句中,如果主语从句是虚拟的,那么谓语动词也要使用虚拟语气。

比如:It is essential that he be here on time.2. 特殊的情况下,虚拟语气还可以出现在“it is +形容词+that从句”结构中,表示建议或要求。

比如:It is necessary that he complete the task by tomorrow.四、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法1. 虚拟条件句表示与现实相反的情况,通常使用过去式(be动词用were)或should/would/could/might+动词原形等形式。

虚拟语气语法总结

虚拟语气语法总结

虚拟语气语法总结虚拟语气是一种用来表示假设、愿望、建议或虚拟情况的语法形式。

它在英语中经常被使用,特别是在条件句、表达愿望和建议的句子中。

本文将总结虚拟语气的主要用法,并提供一些例句来加深理解。

一、虚拟条件句虚拟条件句用来表达假设或未实现的情况。

它由一个if从句和一个主句构成,其中从句使用过去完成时,主句使用would/could/might + 动词原形。

以下是三种虚拟条件句的形式:1. 第一型:对现在或未来的假设如果从句是对现在或未来的假设,主句使用的是would + 动词原形。

例句:If it rained, I would stay at home.译文:如果下雨了,我就会待在家里。

2. 第二型:对过去的虚拟假设如果从句是对过去的虚拟假设,主句使用的是would/could/might + have + 过去分词。

例句:If I had studied harder, I could have passed the exam.译文:如果我学得更努力一些,我可能就通过考试了。

3. 第三型:对过去虚拟于过去的情况如果从句是对过去虚拟于过去的情况,主句使用的是would/could/might + have + 过去分词。

例句:If he had taken the earlier train, he might have caught the flight.译文:如果他坐了早一班火车,他可能就赶上了航班。

二、虚拟愿望虚拟愿望用来表达我们希望某件事情是真的,但实际情况并非如此。

它通常以动词过去式的形式出现,或是使用were作为动词be的过去式,不管主语是单数还是复数。

以下是几种常见的虚拟愿望的形式:1. 对现在的愿望例句:I wish I had a car.译文:我希望我有一辆车。

2. 对过去的愿望例句:I wish I had studied abroad when I had the chance.译文:我希望当时有机会时我去了国外留学。

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虚拟语气语法归纳虚拟语气的使用主要体现在三个方面:虚拟条件句、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用,以及虚拟语气的一些特殊用法。

虚拟条件句虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。

具体情况请看下表:例句:1.表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now ,I would lend it to you.If I were you ,I would go to tell him the real feeling upon him.If I were a boy, I would join the army.If the had time, she should go with you.2.表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice ,he wouldn't have made such a bad mistake.She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn't been very busy.If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.3.表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.If he were to be given another chance to do it again,he could certainly achieve more.If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.1.虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。

有时侯在使用时可省略if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的,句子则可换成下列形式,即“were / had / should +主语”。

如:Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation,I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be (= If there should be) a drought,what should we do at that time ? Were I a boy, I would join the army.Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2.错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来决定。

例如:If we hadn't been working hard in the past few years ,things wouldn't be going so smoothly.If the Party hadn 't led the Chinese people to liberate the country,Chinese people would still live a life in pain and poverty.3.含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position )、上下文或其它方式表现出来。

这种句子称为含蓄条件句。

例如:But for the help from you ,I would not have had the chance to go to college.I would never mind you making such loud noises,but,you see,my baby is in a deep sleep.It was so quiet ; you could have heard a pin drop.虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气,表示愿望、建议或命令等。

根据虚拟语气的形式不同,虚拟语气可以分为“should类”和“过去时态类”。

2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。

①“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,译为“要是……就好了”等。

表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时;表示将来不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”;表示过去不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”或“could(should) + have + 过去分词”。

如:I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish I had known the answer.I wish I could fly like a bird.②在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order等后的宾语从句中,谓语动词用should + 动词原形或是动词原形。

如:She suggested we (should)leave here at once.The doctor ordered she should be operated.(2)虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。

作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语从句,从句中的谓语动词用“(should)+ 动词原形”。

如:His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.My idea is that they (should)pay 100 dollars.(3)虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。

在主语从句中,谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should + 动词原形”的结构,表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。

如:It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day. It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless.It will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.注意:这种从句表示的是事实。

如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感,就可用虚拟语气。

反之,如果不表示惊奇等情感,that从句也可用陈述句语气。

如:It is pity that you can’t swim.3、虚拟语气在其他场合的运用(1)虚拟语气在as if/as though、even if/even though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中,如果从句表示的动作发生在过去,用过去完成时;指现在状况,则用一般过去时;指将来状况则用过去将来时。

如:He did it as if he were an expert.Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.(2)虚拟语气用于定语从句中。

这种从句常用于句型“It is (high)time (that) … ”中,定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should + 动词原形,意思是“(现在)该……”。

如:It’s time that I picked up my daughter.It’s high time we were going.(3)虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中。

如:If only I were a bird.If only I had taken his advice.(4)虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。

①情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉,常出现在日常会话中。

如:It would be better for you not to stay up too late.Would you be kind enough to close the door?②用于一些习惯表达法中。

如:Would you like a cup of tea?I would rather not tell you.一、should类这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用“should +动词原形”体现出来的,should可以省略。

其具体运用体现在:1.在suggest ,order,demand ,propose,command,request,desire,insist等表示建议、命令、要求、意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。

如:He suggests that she should leave the house at once.The leader ordered that the task(should) be finished as soon as possible.He proposed that we (should) deal with the problem by the view of development.2.与suggest ,order,demand ,propose,command,request,desire,insist等动词相对应的名词suggestion,order,demand ,proposal 等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气。

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