2012年成人学士学位英语13-27单元课文及课后练习翻译
2012年11月真题及答案
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2012年11月03日Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Y ou should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:It seems like every day there’s some new research about whether our favorite drinks are good for us. (76) One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer. The next day, maybe not. It seems journalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee. Now，there’s been a lot of research into whether co ffee’s good for our health.“The results have really been mixed，”admits Neal Freedman who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medical journal recently. “There’s been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and there’s also been maybe more recent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well.”Freedman and his colleagues undertook the biggest study yet to look at the relationship between coffee and health. They analyzed data collected from more than 400,000 Americans ages 50 to 71 participating in the study. “We found that the coffee drinkers had a modestly lower risk of death than the non-drinkers，”he said. Here’s what he means by“modestly”：those who drank at least two or three cups a day were about 10 percent or 15 percent less likely to die for any reason during the 13 years of the study. When the researchers looked at specific causes of death, coffee drinking appeared to cut the risk of dying from heart disease, lung disease, injuries, accidents and infections.Now, Freedman stressed that the study doesn’t prove coffee can make people live longer. A study like this can never prove a cause-and-effect relationship. (77) All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation. And even if it turns out that coffee is really good for you, scientists have no idea why.1. According to the first paragraph, reporters would like to know the research findings of .A. teaB. beerC. alcoholD. coffee2. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Freedman and his colleagues hired 400,000 Americans to collect data.B. About four hundred thousand Americans worked for Freedman’s team full time for 13 years.C. People who took part in Freedman’s research are about 50 to 70 years old.D. People who are 50 to 70 years old seldom drink coffee.3. According to the author, scientists .A. have already proved that coffee is good for human healthB. have a long way to go before they find a way to study coffeeC. have avoided the cause-and-effect approach to study coffeeD. are still unable to figure out why coffee is good for us4. The word “mixed”in the first paragraph means “”.A. both good and badB. put togetherC. both sharp and softD. confused5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Can Beer Help You Live Longer?B. Can Coffee Help You Live Longer?C. Can Wine Help You Live Longer?D. Can Tea Help You Live Longer?Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:When we’re learning a foreign language, making sense of what we hear is the first step toward fluency. It sounds obvious, but until recently, we didn’t know much about how listening works. New research demonstrates that effective listening involves more than simply hearing the words that float past our ears. Rather, it’s an active process of receiving information and making meaning. This kind of engaged listening is a skill that’s as critical for learning a range of subjects at school and work as it is for learning to understand a foreign tongue.(78) Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead to superior comprehension. Last year, for example, University of Ottawa researcher Larry Vandergrift published his study of 106 undergraduates who were learning French as a second language. Half of the students were taught in a conventional fashion, listening to and practicing texts spoken aloud. The other half, possessing the same initial (最初的) skill level and taught by the same teacher, were given detailed instruction on how to listen. It mined out that the second group “significantly outperformed”(胜过) the first one on a test of comprehension.So what are these listening strategies? Skilled learners go into a listening class with a sense of what they want to get out of it. (79) They set a goal for their listening and they generate predictions about what the speaker will say. Before the talking begins, they mentally review what they already know about the subject, and form an intention to “listen out for”what’s important or relevant. Once they begin listening, these learners maintain their focus; if their attention wanders, they bring it back to the words being spoken. They don’t allow themselves to be thrown off by confusing or unfamiliar details. Instead, they take note of what they don’t understand and make inferences about what those things might mean, based on other clues available to them: their previous knowledge of the subject, the context (语境) of the talk,, the identity of the speaker, and so on.6. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Effective listening means hearing the words that float past our ears.B. Developing your listening skills is the first step toward developing fluency.C. Skilled listeners use specific strategies to get the most out of what they hear.D. Listening is one of the most powerful tools we have to gain information.7. What does Vandergrift’s research show?A. Learners who adopt specific listening strategies become better listeners.B. Learners taught in the traditional way are better at reinforcing what they learn.C. Learners are more confident if they make fewer mistakes.D. Learners who listen on a regular basis improve faster.8. Which of the following statements about Vandergrift’s research is TRUE?A. The participants were postgraduates learning French as a second language.B. All the participants were taught using the conventional method, with the focus on listening strategies.C. The two groups were taught by different teachers.D. The participants were at the same initial skill level.9. The expression“thrown off”in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to“”.A. infectedB. confusedC. ruinedD. informed10. According to the passage, which of the following strategies is NOT used by skilled learners?A. Review their prior knowledge of the subject.B. Concentrate on the speaker’s words.C. Translate into their native language.D. Predict what the speaker will say.Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:(80) As the T itanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians from the ship’s band stood and played. They died when the ship went down. Men stood on the deck and smoked cigarettes. They died, too. This behavior is puzzling to economists, who like to believe that people tend to act in their own self interest. “There was no pushing,”says David Savage, an economist at Queensland University in Australia who has studied witness reports from the survivors. It was “very, very orderly behavior.”Savage has compared the behavior of the passengers on the Titanic with those on the Lusitania, another ship that also sank at about the same time. But when the Lusitania went down, the passengers panicked(恐慌). There were a lot of similarities between these two events. These two ships were both luxury ones, they had a similar number of passengers and a similar number of survivors.The biggest difference, Savage concludes, was time. The Lusitania sank in less than 20 minutes. But for the Titanic, it was two-and-a-half hours. “If you’ve got an event that lasts two-and-a-half hours, social order will take over and everybody will behave in a social manner,”Savage says.“If you’re going down in under 17 minutes, basically it’s instinctual.”On the Titanic, social order ruled, and it was women and children first. On the Lusitania, instinct won out. The survivors were largely the people who could swim and get into the lifeboats.Yes, we’re self-interested, Savage says. But we’re also part of a society. Given time, social norms (规范) can beat our natural self-interest. A hundred years ago, women and children always went first. Men were stoic (坚忍的). On the Titanic, there was enough time for these norms to become forceful.11. According to the author, economists were confused because .A. people’s behavior was disorderly on the TitanicB. people did not act in their own interest on the TitanicC. most men did not act in their own interest on the LusitaniaD. women and children could not climb into the lifeboats12. The expression“won out” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to“”.A. took the upper handB. went out of controlC. ran wildD. shut down13. According to David Savage, was a critical factor in determining people’s behavior in the sinking of these two ships.A. social orderB. placeC. instinctD. time14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Both ships were expensive ones.B. A similar number of women and children from both ships survived.C. About the same number of people from each ship died.D. Both ships had a similar number of passengers.15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Why Didn’t Musicians Play on the Lusitania?B. Why Did Musicians Play on the Titanic?C. Why Didn’t Passengers Panic on the Titanic?D. Why Did Men Smoke on the Titanic?Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. Have you ever visited the Summer Palace，there are many beautiful halls, ridges and a huge lake?A. whichB. thatC. whereD. when17. Mr. Obama will give a speech on the current situation at the meeting next week in Beijing.A. to holdB. heldC. holdingD. to be held18. It was in a small village in the south he spent his childhood and met his life-long friend—the localschoolmaster.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. that19. First of all, a teacher should show love for his students on top of his academic knowledge. , he is notqualified for his position.A. ThereforeB. OtherwiseC. HoweverD. Because20. For many overseas Chinese, China is their real , because they were born and grew up there. A. homeB. familyC. houseD. household21. With all your brains you the math test, but you failed. You were too careless.A. should passB. should have passedC. must passD. must have passed22. When he entered the room he found a cat quietly under the desk.A. lieB. liesC. to lieD. lying23. Today Mrs Smith _ herself in white like a nurse at the garden party.A. woreB. putC. sentD. dressed24. In road rules the red light is a _ for traffic to stop.A. signB. sightC. siteD. size25. I can you for your rude manners but you must apologize in public.A. forbidB. forgetC. forecastD. forgive26. General Blair had been in the army for 35 years when he retired from the navy.A. serviceB. workC. jobD. homework27. Linda is quite different her sister in character：she likes friends and goes out a lot while her sisteralways stays alone at home.A. toB. fromC. atD. on28. Jim was absent from school for the whole week a bad cold.A. because ofB. in addition toC. according toD. in front of29. Some people like to a small sum of money in case of urgent need.A. deal withB. use upC. set asideD. take off30. Mr. Smith feels greatly with his son’s performance in school as he is always the top of his class.A. disturbedB. worriedC. distressedD. satisfied31.Skating is such a_____sport in the northeast of China that almost everybody there knows how to skate.A. likelyB. famousC. popularD. long32. The teacher suggested that they __ in the exercise at once.A. had handedB. should have handedC. handedD. hand33. He did not go to school yesterday because he _ __ his father who was ill.A. must have looked afterB. would have to look afterC. had to look afterD. should have looked after34. After walking for half an hour, she realized that she in the wrong direction.A. had been walkingB. has been walkingC. walkedD. would have walked35. Don’t smoke in the classroom, ?A. do youB. will youC. can youD. could you36. There is not much time left, so I shall tell you about it .A. in detailB. in briefC. for shortD. in all37. _ _ the room than the telephone rang once more.A. Hardly when he enteredB. Hardly he enteredC. No sooner he had enteredD. No sooner had he entered38. My bike is old, it is in good condition.A. thereforeB. soC. neverthelessD. moreover39. There is that he has tried his best in the examination.A. not to denyB. not denyingC. no denyingD. without denying40. Would you to come to the meeting this weekend?A. be so kindB. be kind asC. be so kind asD. be kind41. He will write to me as soon as he home.A. will have returnedB. returnsC. returnedD. will return42. is generally believed, there is no water on the moon.A. AsB. WhatC. ThatD. It43. He devoted his whole life to care of the disabled children.A. takesB. takingC. tookD. take44.The student continued his university study his family -,vas poor.A. even thoughB. as thoughC. now thatD. since45. His father was put into_ prison，and he had to go to _prison to visit him once in a while.A. a; theB. the; aC. a;/D. /;thePart III Identification (10%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 46. Putting the bottles, boxes and books back where they belong, please. Don’t leaveA B C Dthem on the desk.47. Though Jack is only 7 years old but he is clever enough to work out that puzzleA B Cdifficult even for a grown-up.D48. I opened the letter and it contained an important information that told us to stayA B Cwhere we were.D49. Unlike Jim, I go to work by foot instead of by car every morning.A B C D50. If heating, ice will change into water or steam.A B C D51. Weather permit, we’ll have the match tomorrow.A B C D52. Don’t you think it’s the most worst film we have seen since we came here ten years ago?A B C D53. She is as gifted as she is more intelligent.A B C D54. The teacher, as well as his students, were present at the meeting.A B C D55. Walking alone in the desert, the traveler is boring.A B C DPart IV Cloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Visitors to the zoo usually pity the animals owing to their particular emotional associations (联想). Which animals should be indeed pitied?The first type are those clever and 56 developed animals 57 lively intelligence and desire for activity can 58 no outlet behind the bars of the cage. Those animals living in a free state before 59 in the zoo have a strong desire for moving about 60 , but have to mm around repeatedly in their quarters. Owing to this disappointment, foxes and wolves 61 in places which are far too small, are among the most 62 of all zoo animals.Another sad scene, seldom 63 by ordinary zoo visitors, is the 64 flying trials of swans (天鹅) at migration (迁徙) time. These creatures, like most other water birds, are generally made unable to fly by the 65 of cutting off a tip of the wing bone. 66 such swans in the zoo generally seem happy under 67 care and they raise their young without any trouble, at migration time things become 68 . The birds never really 69 that they can no longer fly, and repeatedly swim to the 70 of the pond so that they can have the whole extent of its surface when trying to 71 against the wind. Meanwhile, their loud flying calls can be heard as they try to72 , and again and again the grand preparations end in 73 .I do not like seeing those 74 water birds in the zoo. The missing tip of one wing and the still sadder picture that the bird makes when it 75 its wings hurt me badly. What a truly sorry picture it is!56. A. high B. highly C. deep D. deeply57. A. whose B. whom C. that D. which58. A. find B. lose C. declare D. transform59. A. to be put B. being put C. to put D. putting60. A. partly B. highly C. deeply D. freely61. A. kept B. keeping C. rose D. rising62. A. victorious B. thoughtful C. miserable D. fortunate63. A. scattered B. written C. noticed D. wakened64. A. similar B. suitable C. apparent D. constant65. A. experiment B. operation C. treatment D. movement66. A. Although B. When C. Since D. Because67. A. original B. proper C. parallel D. precious68. A. private B. public C. different D. similar69. A. suggest B. assure C. underline D. realize70. A. limit B. side C. middle D. center71. A. take off B. stand up C. take up D. stand by72. A. spring B. raise C. swell D. rise73. A. passage B. support C. failure D. success74. A. upright B. powerful C. valuable D. unlucky75. A. spreads B. strengthens C. enlarges D. inspectsPart V Translation (20%)Section ADirections: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.76.One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer.77.All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation.78.Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead to superiorcomprehension.79.They set a goal for their listening, and they generate predictions about what the speaker will say.80.As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians from the ship’s bandstood and played.SectionBDirections：In this part there are five sentences in Chinese．Y ou should translate them into English．Be sure to write clearly．81．他是第一个在月球上行走的人。
学位英语历年真题带答案12-05
成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2012年5月12日Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:The most famous collections of fairy tales (童话) are the ones by Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm. The Grimms published their first fairy-tale collection in 1812. They didn’t think they were writing for children. They thought they were preserving disappearing German folk culture. Their first edition (版本) was a scholarly book that carefully recorded the oral tales. They were surprised when some of their early readers suggested that the stories might be interesting to children.But the Grimms needed money. They had made a bad deal with their publisher and received little payment for their first book. At one point Wilhelm complained there wasn’t a chair in his house one could sit on without worrying it would break. So he took the hint and set to work to make a book that would be suitable for children. He selected a few of the tales, made them much longer, and polished up the language. He didn’t add morals, but he did slip in character judgments and moralizing comments wherever he could.The Grimms’ fairy tales also have one characteristic that would seem to make them unsuitable for children. Many of them inc lude violent incidents. In “Hansel and Gretel” an old woman is burned to death in an oven, and in “Little Red Riding Hood” a child is eaten by a wolf. When he revised the tales for children, Wilhelm Grimm retained the violence. In fact, he sometimes even ramped it up. For example, in the first edition of the tales, Cinderella forgives her sisters at the end. It’s only in the second edition, the one intended for children, that her birds peck (啄) out their eyes.Why, then, have the Grimms’ fairy tales become classics of children’s literature, so much so that it is hard to imagine a child who doesn’t know Cinderella’s story or Snow White’s?One answer is that only a few of the tales survived into modem times. The first edition of the Grimms’ fairy tale s had 210 tales. By 1825 it was down to 50. And today only a dozen or so of the tales are often reprinted in children’s collections.(76) But the deeper answer is that the tales that have lasted are magical adventures that help children deal with the struggles and fears of their everyday lives.1. Why did Wilhelm Grimm set out to adapt his book for children?A. To deal with readers’ complaints.B. To improve his financial situation.C. At the request of his publisher.D. To preserve the ancient stories in print.2. When revising the fairy tales, Wilhelm did all of the following EXCEPT .A. adding character judgmentsB. making the tales much longerC. deleting the violent scenesD. polishing up the language3. What does the expression “ramped it up” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Started.B. Allowed.C. Classified.D. Increased.4. Which of the following statements about the Grimms’ fairy tales is TRUEaccording to the passage?A. They were or iginally intended to be children’s stories.B. Generally speaking, the tales that have endured can help children deal with thechallenges life brings to them.C. A large number of the tales made it to the modem age.D. They are less violent th an the children’s stories being written today.5. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. History of fairy tales.B. Ways to preserve the oral tradition.C. The Grimms’ fairy tales.D. Violence in fairy tales.Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:. As the school year kicks off, parents are once again straggling to cajole (哄编)and, if need be, drag their exhausted teens out of bed. That image may make you laugh, but lack of sleep is no joke. (77) Teenagers w ho don’t get enough rest have more learning. health~ behavior and mood problems than students who get at least nine hours a night. Long-term lack of sleep is tied to heart disease, overweight, depression and a shortened life span in adults, indicating the importance of establishing good sleep habits early in life. Lack of sleep can be especially deadly for teens; car accidents are the leading cause of death among teenagers, and safety experts believe sleepy driving is a major factor.Unfortunately, few teenagers get the sleep they need. In a survey of middle- and high-school students, University of Colorado researchers found that 82 percent said they woke up tired and unrefreshed, and more than half had trouble concentrating during the day at least once a week.Blame multitasking for some of this. Many students are juggling after-school activities, homework and part-time jobs. Even when they manage to fulfill these obligations by a reasonable hour, television, the Internet, video games, phone calls and text messages to friends often keep them awake deep into the night. Taking soda and energy drinks late in the day and going to late-night parties on weekends add to sleep debt. Biology also works against teenagers’ sleep, The body’s internal clock, which controls when a person starts to feel tired, shifts after puberty (青春期), making it hard for most teens to fall asleep before 11 pm. Class usually begins before 8:15 am, with many high schools starting as early as 7:15 am. To get to school on time, most teens have to get up by 6:30 am, guaranteeing they’ll be sleep-deprived during the week. Teens often sleep much later on weekends to catch up, making it even harder to fallasleep on Sunday night and wake up Monday morning. Playing catch-up on weekends also doesn’t help teens stay refreshed when they need it most: during the week at school.Since the 1990s, middle and high schools in more than two dozen states have experimented with later school start times. (78) The results have been encouraging.’ more sleep, increased attendance, better grades and fewer driving accidents. But most schools still start early, meaning teens have their work cut out for them if they want to get enough sleep.6. According to the passage, poor sleep can be linked to all of the following EXCEPTA. heart diseaseB. car accidentsC. skin problemsD. poor concentration7. The main idea of Paragraph 3 isA. how sleep deprivation (缺乏) can be treatedB’ what causes sleep deprivationC. who is most at risk for sleep deprivationD. why sleep deprivation is a serious concern8. What does the word “juggling” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Dealing with at the same time.B. Striking a balance between.C. Applying for.D. Having difficulty in.9. Which of the following is NOT to blame for teenagers’ lack of sleep?A. Multitasking.B. Biological clock. :C. Weekend catch-up sleep.D. Healthy diet.10. According to the passage, what have some schools done to help their students get enough sleep?A. Educating their students about the importance of sleep.B. Monitoring their students’ late-night activities.C. Delaying school start times.D. Setting strict rules.Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:As any middle-class parent knows, unpaid work experience can give youngsters a valuable introduction to a secure job. The government has recognized it too, abandoning rules in 2011 that had formerly stopped 16- to 24-year-o!ds from doing unpaid work while claiming unemployment benefit. But moving from that to forcing them to work without pay in order to collect these benefits has proved a big step.(79) More than one million young people in Britain are unemployed, the highest number since the mid-1980s. Keen both to cut the welfare bill and to avoid the depressed future wages that may result from early unemployment, the government has introduced an ambitious program of reform to get youngsters off welfare and into work.A key part of it is ensuring that no one gets benefit from the government for long; ministers are keen to avoid what happened after the early- 1980s recession (~/l/), when unemployment continued in some parts of the country for a long time after theeconomy began to improve.To help young people into work, ministers had persuaded lots of employers, including bakery chains, bookshops, and supermarkets, to take on unemployed youths, who receive work experience but no pay, with the prospect of a proper job for those who shine. (80) Some 35,000 youngsters participated last year; half found paid work soon after finishing the scheme.The idea of getting young adults used to showing up for work is popular with voters: according to a survey published in February, about 60% of people support the program. Equally attractive was the option of compelling them to work: Under the existing arrangements youngsters could choose whether or not to accept a place, but if they dropped out after the end of the first week, the y stood to lose up to two weeks’ benefits.Yet the scheme has also polarized (两极分化的) opinion: a third of people are consistently opposed. Following a noisy “Right to Work” campaign that accused employers of co-operating secretly with the government in “forced labor”, several firms dropped out of the program. To prevent this from getting worse, Chris Grayling, an employment minister, admitted that young people could leave their work experience at any time without being punished for doing so. This not only halted the flight of employers (for now, at least) but also enabled him to announce that new firms have agreed to take part in the program.11. According to the passage, young people in Britain .A. are used to showing up for workB. value unpaid work very muchC. are always opposed to unpaid workD. could learn something about job security through unpaid work12. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Most voters support the government’s effort to help yo ung people to find work.B. Some people protest against the government’s attempt to force young people towork.C. There are more than one million young people who took part in the program.D. There are more than one million young people who are jobless.13. According to the author, the British government is trying to .A. punish young people if they are not cooperating with itB. reform the unemployed youngstersC. avoid the economic slowdownD. reduce welfare spending14. The word “shine” in Paragraph 3 means““.A. do wellB. reflect lightC. look happyD. produce light15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Enjoy Work Without PayB. Can Work, Won’t WorkC. Should Work, Shouldn’t PlayD. Hate Work or Love WorkPart II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. Please give Jim the schedule for tomorrow’s conference when he back. He is to chair the conference.A. will comeB. comeC. comesD. came17. five minutes earlier, you would not have missed the last train for Shanghai, but you were late.A. Had you comeB. Do you comeC. Did you comeD. Should you come18. After he worked out the solution, appeared a smile on his face.A. itB. hereC. whatD. there19. the former president’s supporters went out in streets to express their anger and dissatisfaction.A. A small amount ofB. A large number ofC. A little bit ofD. A great deal of20. To b e honest, today’s dinner was just so-so. It wasn’t such a good one promised by the boss.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what21. So many people ______ the meeting had to be put off.A. being absentB. to be absentC. were absentD. had been absent22. We often advise him not to drink more is good for his health.A. asB. thatC. thanD. but23. —Did Charles vote in the last election?—No, he wasn’t.A. enough old thenB. then enough oldC. old then enoughD. old enough then24. By no means look down on those who are less lucky in life than we are.A. we shouldB. should weC. we should notD. should we not25. He didn’t feel like that day so he stayed indoors reading.A. workingB. worksC. to workD. worked26. No sooner had we started on the road it began to rain.A. whenB. thanC. thenD. whenever27. He decided to go for a sailing holiday the fact that he was usually Seasick (晕船).A. because ofB. in spite ofC. in case ofD. as a result of28. What you do in your spare time is your own . However it should not be harmful to others.A. businessB. purchaseC. bargainD. sale29. As a gardener, Jim has to water the flowers and the grass in the garden every morning.A. trimB. improveC. refineD. repair30. The firemen are still the small fires started by the plane crash.A. taking offB. setting asideC. getting along withD. putting out31. He didn’t live up to had been expected of him.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. all32. The old couple decided to a boy and a girl though they had three of their own.A. adaptB. bringC. receiveD. adopt33. The relationship between employers and employees has been studied .A. originallyB. extremelyC. violentlyD. intensively34. The car halfway for no reason.A. broke offB. broke downC. broke upD. broke out35. The police that he committed a series of crimes in the north of the city.A. swelledB. submittedC. surveyedD. suspected36. The manager lost his just because his secretary was ten minutes late.A. moodB. temperC. mindD. passion37. We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came view.A. fromB. inC. beforeD. into38. I have kept that portrait I can see it every day, as it always reminds me ofmy university days in London.A. whichB. whereC. whetherD. when39. The room is in a terrible mess; it cleaned.A. can’t have beenB. mus tn’t have beenC. shouldn’t have beenD. wouldn’t have been40. You see the lightning it happens, but you hear the thunder later.A. the instantB. for an instantC. on the instantD. in an instant41. it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.A. BelieveB. To believeC. BelievingD. Believed42. The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at ch emist’s.A. otherB. someC. certainD. any43. Your hair wants . You’d better have it done tomorrow.A. cutB. to cutC. cuttingD. being cut44. I don’t think it advisable that Tom to the job since he has no experience.A. be assignedB. will be assignedC. is assignedD. has been assigned45. The goals he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A. after whichB. with whichC. for whichD. at whichPart III Identification (10%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet.46. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.A B C D47. Sand painting has also called dry or earth painting and is practiced byA B Cseveral American Indian artists.D48. Humans, like many other animals, are warm-blooded with a fairly constantlyA B C Dbody temperature.49. Now that the stress of examinations and interviews are over, we can all relaxA B C Dfor a while.50. The tallest of the twins went to search for the missing jewels, the picture ofA Bwhich you saw in today’s newspaper.C D51. They are going to have the serviceman to be installed an electric fan in theA B C Doffice tomorrow.52. Only under special circumstances freshmen are permitted to take make-up tests.A B C D53. It’s already 5 o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time we are going home?A B C D54. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the three-hours’ movieA B Ccould not hold our attention.D55. People appreciate to have worked with him because he has a good sense ofA B Chumor.DPartly Cloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.By the time I finished high school, my interest in animals had grown, and I enrolled at a university to study biology. I learned soon enough that studying animals 56 this level was not in the animals’ best 57. I remember one midterm exam in 58 each student was handed a large, freshly-killed frog and 59 to dissect (解剖)and mark a set of body parts. I looked at the 60 frog in front of me and was saddened that her life was 61 away for such a slight 62.A year later, in the same lab 63 I dissected the frog, I performed a small act of animal 64. We were 65 on fruit flies, and it was time to record the distribution of characteristics in their next generation. Flies were 66 in small plastic bottles. Counting the number of flies with white or red eyes required first exposing them to ether (乙醚) 67 they could not move. The flies were then spread onto a piece of white paper 68 and counted. When the data collection was 69 , the flies had no further use, and our instructions were to 70 them into a small glass dish of oil at the center of each desk, which was to be their final resting 71.Once my little pile of flies had been counted, I pushed them off the edge of the paper. As we recorded our data, I kept one eye 72 them. Within minutes the pile was humming (嗡嗡叫) as tiny legs and wings beat their way out of the ether fog. I was extremely excited as they 73 flight. That was my first 74 in refusing to conduct scientific research that treated nonhuman life in a(n) 75 way.56. A. at B, withC. forD. off57. A. duties B. interestsC. ratesD. hobbies58. A. what B. thatC, where D. which59. A. dismissed B. drawnC. instructedD. mended60. A. alive B, dead ~C. livingD. wounded61. A. made B. broughtC. takenD. passed62. A. reason B. spiritC. spaceD. system63. A. that B. whichC. whatD. where64. A. operation B. liberationC. tendencyD. wealth65. A. experimenting B. strengtheningC. stimulatingD. substituting66. A. solved B. soakedC. recoveredD. kept67. A. while B. becauseC. in caseD. so that68. A. being examined B. to be examinedC. being operated D- to be operated69. A. preliminary B. progressiveC. completeD. curious70. A. put B. raiseC. rouse D, spoil71.A. shade B. shadowC. placeD. stuff72. A. for B. withC. atD. on73. A. stood B. tookC. sentD. rode74, A. step B. reviewC. glanceD. gesture75. A. kind B. generousC. cruelD. effectivePart V Translation (20%)Section ADirections: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.76. But the deeper answer is that the tales that have lasted are magical adventures that help children deal with the struggles and fears of their everyday lives.77. Teenagers who don’t get enough rest have more learning, health, behavior and mood problems than students who get at least nine hours a night.78. The results have been encouraging: more sleep, increased attendance, better grades and fewer driving accidents.79. More than one million young people in Britain are unemployed, the highest number since the mid-1980s.80. Some 35,000 youngsters participated last year; half found paid work soon after finishing the scheme.Section BDirections: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.81．昨天，我坐在办公室写报告时，小明从英国打电话过来了。
2012成人教育考试 英语翻译复习资料附答案
TranslationA.Put the following sentences into Chinese:1.As we are at the start of the course, this seems a good moment to offer someadvice on how to make the task of learning easier.课程开始之际，就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当此时。
2.It is true that there are few situations at school where you have to communicate inEnglish, but you can seek out opportunities to practice speaking the language.的确，在学校里必须用英语进行交流的场合并不多，但你还是可以找到练习讲英语的机会。
3.Still, he could not help thinking that if anything should happen, the nearest personhe could contact by radio, unless there was a ship nearby, would be on an island 885 miles away.然而，他仍禁不住想到，要是果真有什么意外，他能借无线电联系上的人，最近的也要在885英里以外的岛上，除非附近哪儿有条轮船。
4.After resting for a few weeks, he set off once more in spite of his friends’attempts to dissuade him.休息几周之后，他顾不得朋友们的多方劝阻，再次扬帆出航。
5.From the second floor flat she could see the postman when he came down thestreet, and the little boy from the ground floor brought up her letters on the rare occasions when anything came.邮差打马路那头过来的时候，她从三楼的公寓套间里一眼就可以看到。
成人本科学位英语——英汉互译练习及解析
1. 我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。
We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.2. 在建立个人网站前，先问问自己，为什么想要一网站，想要达到的目标是什么。
Before you build a personal site， ask yourself why you want one， and what you want to accomplish.3. 在造访一个提供网站空间服务的网站时，你会看到种类繁多的方案可供选择，哪一种价位可以给你多少网络空间及多大的传输流量。
When you visit the site of a Web host，you’ll see a wide variety of plans-so much space and so much network traffic for so much money.4. 典型的网站包括图像、文字及图片，比较精心制作的网站还有动画、影像、声音和其他额外的内容。
Web site typically contain graphics， texts and pictures， while more elaborate ones include animation， video， audio and other extras.5. 关于网站设计，有许多是很吸引人的，也有许多则令人泄气。
There are many things about Web sites that are appealing and many that are just plain frustrating.6. Pizza came to the U. S. with Italian immigrants; the first U. S. pizzeria opened in 1905，and pizza became one of the nation’s favourite foods after World War Ⅱ。
成人学士学位英语英汉互译试题及答案
成人学士学位英语英汉互译试题及答案One needs 3 things to be truly happy living in the world: some thing to do, some one to love, some thing to hope for.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的成人学士学位英语英汉互译试题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业网!Wearing a seat belt saves lives;it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.译文：系好安全带能够挽救性命，它能将丧生和重伤的概率减少一半以上。
At the early attempts，the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths，a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.译文：在早期的尝试中，光缆铺设失败，不得不取出来维修。
这时人们发现上面覆盖有生物，这巅峰了当时科学界认为深海没有生命的理论。
All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work，but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs.译文：所有这些给学生们施加了很大的压力，尽管如此，学生们还是积极参加学生活动。
Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean， and which cycle each member of the family has.译文：当丈夫们和妻子们认识到这种能量圈的意思以及各个家庭成员所处的圈之后，许多家庭争吵就结束了。
2012年成人英语三级考试真题及答案
2012年成人英语三级考试真题及答案中小学英语学习必备APPPart I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet。
Passage 1Questions I to 5 are based on the following passage:Spending 50 minutes with a cell phone close to your ear is enough to change brain cell activity in the part of the brain closest to the antenna(天线). But whether that causes any harm is not clear, scientists at the National Institute of Health said at a conference last month, adding that the study will not likely settle concerns of a link between cell phones and brain cancer. “What we showed is glucose (葡萄糖) metabolism(代谢)(a sign of brain activity) increases in the brain in people who were exposed to a cell phone in the area closest to the antenna,” said Dr. Nora Volkow of the NIH, whose study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. (76) The study was meant to examine how the brain reacts to electromagnetic fields caused by wireless phone signals。
学位外语2012
2012年吉林省成人学位英语考试资料说明：2012年学位英语考试资料汇总，要求考生仔细研读两遍以上，做到心中有印象；试卷必须全部写满，不准空题，以便酌情加分。
（禁止传阅，用后销毁）！试卷（一）1.Never had I seen such a marvelous before I arrived there2.In summer the swamp usually swarms with mosquitoes and other insects.3.Clever as he was, he found quitea little difficulty in solving the problem which was anything but difficult4.It is the best that we should postpone drafting the plan to sometime later.5.It was as much of a success as we expected.6.The old man wished his son to take his duties seriously.7.She is such an irritation woman .I don’t know how you can put up with her.8.Yes, Mr. Jones. I realized that you are anxious for promotion, but are you prepared to take on the extra responsibility?9.It was difficult to guess what her reaction to the news would be.10.His compass proved valuable to him when he was lost unknown country.11.When a friend gave Jim a ticket to the game , he couldn’t help but go. 12.The new laws threaten to deprive many people of the most elementary freedoms .13.There are many problems to be solved at the meeting.14.English is widely taught in China , which makes it possible for us to communicate with Americans. 15.It is desired that he get everything ready before nine,16.Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication, in that the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.17.All the people in this small town have brown hair, they all resemble each other.18.Many of the world’s great novels are reported to have been made into films last year.19.I shall not bring with me any money till you have figured out the sun which you require.20.The reason why the car was stopped was that the road w as slippery.21.If there is a strike of bus drivers, they may have to walk to school.22.You should have told him the news at least two days ago.23.When their mother came , the two children pretended to work at their lessons very hard, though they did nothing.24.Having been flooded for several weeks , the city was short of food and clothing .25.He must be near-sighted for he wears eye-glasses.26.Everyone thinks that it is a simple method, but yet he cannot believe it.27.When the lecture was going on, he came in w ithout being noticed. 28.This theory about the formation of the universe was later confirmed by many observations.29.The higher the standard of living and the greater the national wealth, the greater the amount of paper used.complain that there are not enough quality programs on TV that are shown for them.阅读理解一：Americans are proud of their variety and individuality,……………with many tapes of civilian clothes.31.It is surprising that Americanswho worship variety andindividuality hold the uniform insuch high regard32.People are accustomed to thinkthat a man in uniform suggestsquality work33.The chief function of a uniformis to provide the wearer with aprofessional identity34.According to the passage,people wearing uniforms tend to losetheir individuality.35.The best title for this passagewould be Adv antages andDisadvantages of Uniforms阅读理解二：One of the qualities thatmost people admire in others is thewillingness toadmit ………..apparently themanager did not.36.How old was the author when hewrote this article? About 2337.Who was to blame for knockingoff the stacks of cartons? A w oman38.Which of the followingstatements is not true? The w omanwho knocked off the stacks ofcartons was seriously criticized bythe manager.39.Which of the following canserve as the best title of the passage?A Case of Mistaken Identity.40.The tone of the article expressesthe author’s admiration for themanager’s w illingness to admitmistake.阅读理解三：Every country tends toaccept its own way oflife,…………some different kind ofanimal from themselves.41.Every country criticizes ways oflife in other countries because theyare different from its own.42. a foreigncountry and learns its language willknow the country and its peoplebetter.43.The knowledge on gains bytraveling in a foreign country is oftendifferent from what one had beforethe travel.44.Differences between people willgradually disappear because ofease of travel45.“However”most probablymeant No matter what.翻译：46.You can make a big difference ina medical emergency if you know theright thing to do.假如你知道该怎么做的话，你便可以在需要医疗急救时起到至关重要的作用。
成人学士学位英语 阅读与翻译精练.
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished statements. For each o f them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Scientists find that hard-working people live longer than average men and women. Career women are healthier than housewives. Evidence shows that the jobless are in poorer health than jobholders. An investigation shows that whenever the unemployment rate increases by 1％，the death rate increases by 2％．All this comes down to one point：work is helpful to health.Why is work good for health？It is because work keeps people busy away from loneliness. Researches show that people feel unhappy，worried and lonely when they have nothing to do. Instead，the happiest are those who are busy.（76）Many high achievers who bridge between man and reality. By work people come into with each other. By collective activity they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss of work means the loss of everything. It affects man spiritually and makes him ill.Besides，work gives one a sense of fulfillment and a sense of achievement. Workmakes one feel his value and status in society. When a writer finishes his writing or a doctor successfully operates on a patient or a teacher sees his students grow，they are happy beyond words．（77）From the above we can come to the conclusion that the more you work the hap-life. 1．The underlined word“average" in Paragraph I meansA. healthyB. lazyC. ordinaryD. poor2．The reason why housewives are not as healthy as career women is thatA. housewives are poorer than career womenB. housewives have more children than career womenC. housewives have less chance to communicate with othersD. housewives eat less food than career women3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Paragraph 2？A. Busy people have nothing to do at home.B. High achievers don’t care about their families.C. There is no friendship and warmth at home.D. A satisfying job helps to keep one healthy.4．We can infer from the passage that those who do not workA. are likely to live a shorter lifeB. will lose everything at homeC. can live as long as those who workD. have more time to make new friends5．The best title for this passage may be＿．A. People Should Find a JobB. Working Hard Is Good for HealthC. People Should Make More Friends by WorkD. The Loss of Work Means the Loss of EverythingPassage 2Questions 6 to IO are based on the following passage.A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics，economics and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people，but also religious beliefs，emotions and psychology. In addition，information about the daily activities of our ancestors can be provided by art.（78）In short，art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place，and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.In history books，objective information about the political life of a country is presented；that is，facts about politics are given，but opinions are not expressed. Art，on the other hand，is subjective（主观的）：it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly“political”artist．In his well-known painting The Third o f May，1808，he criticized the Spanish government for its abuse（滥用）of power over people.In the same way，art can reflect a culture’s religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe，religious art had been almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that described people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn’t read，they could still understand the Bible stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast，one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was（and still is）its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues（雕像）are not holy.6．More can be learned about a culture from a study of art history than general history becauseA. art history shows us nothing but the political valuesB. general history only focuses on politicsC. art history gives us an insight（洞察力）into the essential qualities of a time and a placeD. general history concerns only religious beliefs，emotions and psychology7．Art is subjective in that＿．A. a personal and emotional view of history is presented through itB. it only reflects people’s anger or sadness about social problemsC. it can easily arouse people’s anger about t heir governmentD. artists were or are religious，who reflect only the religious aspect of the society8．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. In history books political views of people are entirely presented.B. Francisco Goya expressed his religious belief in his painting The Third o f May，1808C. In the Middle East，you can hardly find animal or human figures on palaces or other building.D. For centuries in Europe，painters had only painted on walls of churches or other religious buildings.9．The passage mainly discussesA. the development of art historyB. the difference between general history and art historyC. what we can learn from artD. the influence of artists on art history10．It can be concluded from the passage that＿．A. Islamic artists only paint images of plants，flowers or objects in their paintingsB. it is more difficult to study art history than general historyC. a history teacher must be quite objectiveD. artists painted people or stories from the Bible to hide their political beliefsPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Blind people can “see" things by using other parts of their bodies. This fact may help us to understand our feelings about color. If blind people can sense color differences，then perhaps we，too，are affected by color unconsciously（无意识地）．（79）Manufacturers（生产商）have discovered by experience that sugar sells badly in green wrappings, that blue foods are considered unpleasant, and that cosmetics（化妆品）should never be packaged in brown. These discoveries have grown into a branch of color psychology.Color psychology now finds application in everything from fashion to decoration. Some of our preferences are clearly psychological. Dark blue is the color of the night sky and therefore associated with calm，while yellow is a day color with associations of energy and incentive（刺激）．For a primitive man，activity during the day meant hunting and attacking，while he soon saw red as the color of blood and anger and the heat that came with effort. And green is associated with passive defense and self-protection.（80）Experiments have shown that colors, partly because of their psychological associations, also have a direct psychological effect. People exposed to bright red show an increase in breath，in heartbeat and in blood pressure；red is exciting. Similar exposure to pure blue has exactly the opposite effect；it is a calming color. Because of its exciting meaning，red is chosen as the signal for danger，but closer analysis shows that a vivid yellow can produce a more basic state of alarm. So fire engines and ambulances in some advanced communities are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop the traffic dead.11．Our preferences for certain colors are＿according to the passage.A. associated with the time of the dayB. dependent on our personalitiesC. are linked with our ancestorsD. partly due to psychological factors12．If people are exposed to bright red, which of the following things does NOT hap-pen?A. They breathe faster.B. They feel satisfied.C. Their blood pressure rises.D. Their hearts beat faster.13. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passageA. Color probably has an effect on us which we are not conscious of.B. Yellow fire engines have caused many bad accidents in some advanced communities.C. People exposed to pure blue start to breathe more slowly.D. The psychology of color is of some practical use.14. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passageA. Manufacturers often sell sugar in green wrapping.B. Dark blue brings people the feeling of being energetic.C. Primitive people associated heat and anger with red.D. Green and yellow are associated with calm and passive defense.15. Which of the following could be the most suitable title for the passage?A. The Branch of Color Psychology.B. Color and Its Meanings.C. The Practical Use of Color Psychology.D. Color and Feelings.第一部分阅读理解第一篇阅读一、文章总体结构分析这篇文章属于社会问题的议论文，主要分析工作与人的健康的关系问题。
2012年北京学士学位英语考试真题及参考答案
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2012.5.12PartⅠ Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet。
Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:The most famous collections of fairy tales are the ones by Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm. The Grimms published their first fairy-tale collection in 1812.They disappearing German folk culture. Their first edition (版本) was a scholarly book that carefully recorded the oral tales. They were surprised when some of their early readers suggested that the stories might be interesting to children。
But the Grimms needed money. They had made a bad deal with their publisher and received little payment for their first book. At one point Wilhelm complained there wasn’t a chair in his house one could sit on without worrying it would break. So he took the hint and set to work to make a book that would be suitable for children. He selected a few of the tales, made them much longer , and polished up the language. He didn’t add morals , but he did slip in character judgments and mo ralizing comments wherever he could。
文档2012河南学位英语答案
2012 年11 月成人高等教育学士学位英语考试试题Part I Dialogue C ompletion (15 points) Directions: There are 15 short incomplete dialogues in this part, each follow ed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one to complete the dialogue and mark y our answ er on the ANSWER SHEET w ith a single line through the center. 1. Tom: I'm sorry I'v e kept y ou w aiting. Bill: ______________ A. It's my pleasure. B. That's all right. C. I don't mind D. Thank y ou. Please do. 2. Doctor: Well, w hat seems to be the problem? Patient: _____________. I couldn't ev en sleep w ell. A: I'v e got a bad toothache B. Nothing serious C. Thanks for y our concern D. The problem is really bad 3. Dav id: We'v e got some tickets for an opera tonight. Would y ou like to join us? Jill: __________. I don't qui te understand opera. A. I am afraid not. B. No, I can't actually. C. I really want to go. D. No, I must refuse it. 4. Emily: Your little boy has done a goo d job at school. Nanc y: ____________ A. Yes, I think so. B. No, he doesn't deserv e it. C. No, y ou are so polite. D. Y es, I am p roud of him.5. Peter: __________? Benjamin: Sorry! Is it disturbing y ou? A. Stop play ing y our music! B. Turn off y our terrible radio! C. Do y ou think y ou could keep the noise dow n a bit? D. Do y ou ev er care about other peo ple's feelings?6. Martin: Will y ou p lease pass me the saltshaker, Robert? Robert: ________ A. Just take it. B. There y ou go. C. Here give y ou. D. O h, sure.7. A lice: Hurry up! We don't hav e much time left. A nn: _________. We still hav e 15 minutes. A. That's fine. B. You are right. C. Take it easy. D. Take y our time.8. Daniel: I'm afraid I've spilt some ink ov er your table cloth. I feel terribly sorr y for that. Mrs. Gamble: _________ A. You should fe el better. B. O h, it doesn't matter. C. I don't w ant to hear it. D. Oh, I don't like that table cloth.9. George: Hello, could I speak to Mr. Simpson, please? Lisa: __________. C an I take a message? A. Speaking, please. B. Who are you, please? C. I'm sorr y he has run aw ay. D. I'm sor r y he is not av ailable. 10. Eddie: How are you getting on these day s? F reddy: ____________. I did not hav e a w ink of sleep last night. A. Terribly busy B. Thanks for asking C. I just can't say D. O h, just not so-so 11. Maggie: Do y ou mind if I open the w indow for a w hile? Molly: ___________. A. Yes, please B. Yes, I'll do it C. No, please go ahead D. No, I don't mind 12. Garry:Shall w e hav e dinner together tomorrow noon? Jeff: __________. A. Yes, I hope so B. See y ou by then C. Yes, w e w ill D. Enjoy y our dinner 13. Tom: (In class) I beg y our pardon, sir. Headmaster: __________ A. OK, you are pardoned. B. OK, let's go ov er it again. C. What do y ou mean, Tom? D. Nothing the matter, Tom. 14. Tim: Your handw riting is really smart, Joy. Joy: ___________. A. Yes, that is for sure B. No, pl ease don't laugh at me C. Thank you, but I need more practice D. I know you are flattering me 15. Mr. Williams: Excuse me. I'm looking for some present for my son. I have no idea w hat to get him. C an y ou help me? Sales girl: __________. A. No, I can't actually B. O f co urse I can C. You must buy him a T-shirt. D. Yes, I think a T-shirt w ould be a good idea. Part II Reading C omprehension (40 po ints] Directio ns: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is follow ed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. F or each of them there are 4 choice s marked A, B, C and D. C hoose the best one and mark y our answ er on the A NSWER SHEET w ith a single line through the center. The reflectiv e tow ers of New York C ity, w hich is on the A tlantic migrating(迁徙的) ro ute , can be deadly for birds. "We liv e in an age of glass," said urel, an archite ct.(76)"It can be a perfect mirror in certain lights, and the larger the glass, the more da nge rous it is."A bout 90,000 birds are killed by fly ing into building in the city each year. O ften, they strike the low er lev els of glass tow ers after searching fo r food in nearby parks. Such crashes are the seco nd-leading cause of death for migrating birds, after habitat(栖息地)loss, w ith an estimated number of death ranging up to a billion a y ear. (77)A s glass office and apartment tow ers hav e increased in the last decade, so, too, hav e calls to make them less deadly to birds. San F rancisco adopted bird-safety standard for new building in July. The U nited States Green Building C ouncil, a nonprofit industry group that encourages the creation of env ironmentally conscious buildings, w ill introduce a bird-safety credit this as part of its env ironmental certification process. There are no easy fixes, how ev er. A few researchers are exploring glass designs that use ultrav iolet(紫外线的)signals, but they are still in their infancy. C overs, dot patterns, shades and net are the main options available. O ften, only one section of a building needs to be changed. "You don't necessarily have to treat ev er y w indow," urel said. "It w ould be too expensiv e to do the w hole building." The Jacob C onv ention C enter, w hich has been undergoing alterations, is the most re cent building to v oluntarily correct the problem of bird crashes. The architects used less reflectiv e glass and dot patterns. 16. What is the main idea of the passage? A. New York is a city of glass tow ers. B. Glass tow er are dangerous for migrating birds. C. New York adopted new safety standards for buildings. D. Glass tow ers are a new trend in the U nited States. 17. What is the number one ca use of death for migrating birds? A. C limate change B. Habitat loss C. Lack of food D. C r ashing into buildings. 18. What does the w ord "fixes" in the third pa ragraph probably mean? A. C hoices B. Explanations C. Solutions D. Dev elopments 19. _____are used in the alteration of the Jacob K. Jav its C onv ention C enter. A. Dot patterns B. Shades C. Nets D. C overs 20. Which of the fow ling statements is TRU E according to the passage? A. In many cases, the w hole building needs to be altered to prev ent bird crashes.B. The Jacob K.Jav its C onv ention C enter is the first building to deal w ith the problem of bird crashes.C. A bout 90,000 birds are killed due to habitat loss in New York City each y ear.D. U nfortunately, glass designs that use ultrav iolet signals are still in their early stages. Passage 2 Q uestion 6 to 10 are based on the fow ling passage: Today's students hav e grow n up hearing mo re about Bill Gates tha n F.D.R., and they liv e in a w orld w here amazing innovations(革新)are common. The current 18-y ear-olds, after all, w ere 8 w hen Google w as founded by tw o students at Stanford; Mark Zuckerberg fo unded F acebook in 2004 w hile he w as Har v ard and they w ere entering hig h school. Hav ing grow n up digital(数字的),they are impatient to get on w ith life. The easiest w ay to find kids like these is to che ck in on entrepreneurship (企业家才能)education, in w hich colleges and univ ersities try to prepare their students to recognize opportunities and seize them. A report published last y ear by the Kauffman Foundation, w hich finances progra ms to promote innov ation on campuses, noted that more than 50,000 entrepreneurship pro grams are offered on tw o-and four-y ear campuses-up from just 250 courses in 1985. Lesa Mitchell , a Kauffman v ice president, say s that the foundation is e xtending the rea ch of its academic inf luence, w hich used to be found only in business schools. Now, the concept of entreprene urship is blooming in e ngineering programs and medical schoo l, and ev en in the liberal arts. "O ur interest is the programs," she say s. "We need to spread out from the business school." Either as class projects or on their ow n, students in a variety of majors are coming up w ith ideas, w riting business plans and seeing them through to pro toty pe and, often, market. In their spare time, students in agricultural economics at Purdue inv ent new uses for bean; industrial design majors at Sy racuse, in a special laborato ry, create w earable technologies. (78)The entrepreneurship mov ement has its critics, espe ciall y among those w ho see college as a time for extensiv e academic exploration. "I just don't think that entrepreneurship ranks so high in terms of national need," say s Daniel S.Greenberg, author of Science for sale: The perils, Rewards and Delusions of C ampus Capitalism. LeonardA.Schlesinger, Babson C ollege's president, say s that the question of w hether innov ation can really be taught is "an age-old argument".21. When Google and F acebook w ere established, the founders w ere still_____. A. in high school B. in the army C. in primary s chool D. at college 22. A ccording to the passage, w hat is the main purpose of entrepreneurship education? A. To prepare students for future academic life B. To prepare students to find opportunities and seize them. C. To prepare students for ov erseas career. D. To prepare student to dev elop interpersonal skills. 23. The w ord "prototy pe" in the fourth paragraph is most likely to mean_____. A. model B. strategy C. method D. stage 24. What does Daniel S.Grennberg think of e ntrepre neurship education? A. Entrepreneurship, or a t least certain elements of it, can be taught. B. A n entrepreneurship program can help students find w hat they really like and entrepreneurship isn't all about business. C. Entrepreneurship should be spread across different fields. D. C olleges shouldn't put too much emphasis on entrepreneurship programs. 25. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Entrepreneurship courses in business schools. B. Q ual ities of an entrepreneur. C. Entrepreneurship educatio n in co lleges. D. Kids in the information age. Passage 3 Q uestion 11 to 15 are based on the follow ing passage: Regret is as common an emotion as lov e or fear, and it can be nearly as pow erful. So, in a new paper, tw o researchers set abo ut try ing to find out w hat the ty pical A merican regrets most. In telephone surv ey s, Neal Rose, a psy chologist and professor of marketing at the School of Management at Northw estern U niv ersity, and Mike Morrison, a doctoral candidate in psy chology at U ni v ersity of Illinois, asked 370 A mericans, aged 19 to 103,to talk about their most nota ble regret .Participants w ere asked w hat the regret w as, w hen it happened, w hether it w as a result of something they did or didn't do, and w hether it w as something that could still be fixed. The most commonly mentioned regret inv olv ed romance (浪漫的事) (18%)--lost lov es or unfulf illed re lationships. F amily regrets came in second (16%),w hit people still feeling badly about being unkind to their brothers or sisters in childhood. O ther frequently reported regrets inv olv ed career (13%),education (12%),money(10%)and parenting(9^%). Rose and Morrison's study, w hich is to be published in Social Psy chological and Personality Science, is significant in that it surv ey ed a w ide range of the A merican public, including people of all ages and socio-economic and educational backgrounds. Prev ious studies on regret hav e focused largely on college students, w ho predictably tend to have education-focused regrets, like w ishing they had studied harder or a different major. The new surv ey show s that in the larger population, a person's "life circumstances-a ccomplishments, sho rtcomings, situation in life-inject considerable fuel into the fire s of regret," the authors w rite. (79)People w ith less education, for instance w ere more likely to report education regret. People w ith higher lev els of education had the most career regrets. A nd those w ith no romantic partner tended to hold regrets rega rding lov e. Broken dow n(分解、细分)by sex, more w omen(44%) than men (19%) had regrets about lov e and family -not surprising, since w omen "v alue social relationships more than men," the authors w rite. In contra st ,men (34%) w ere more likely than w omen (27%) to mention w ork-related regrets,w ishing they'd chosen a differe nt ca reer path, for instance ,or follow ed theirpassion.(80)Many participants also reported w ishing they had w orked less to spend more time w ith their children. There w as an ev en split betw een regrets about inaction (not doing something) a nd action (do something y ou w ish y ou didn't). But, like prev ious studie s, the current research found that some regrets are more likely than others to persist ov er time: people tend to hang on longer to the regret of inaction; meanw hile, regrets of action tend to be more recent. 26. In the second paragraph, the autho r show s ______. A. the researchers' findings B. the importance of family C. the importance of money D. the importance of career 27. A ccording to the passage, college student participants mainly had regrets about their ______. A. family and childhood B. study and major C. career and job D. romance and fear 28.The w ord "notable" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ______. A. common B. capable C. w onderful D. remarkable 29. Which of the follow ing statements is TRUE? A. The less education he or she has, the more regrets she or he w ou ld have.B. The more education he or she has, the less regrets she or he w ould hav e.C. More w omen than men had regrets about lov e and family.D. The regret of action seems to last longer than that of inaction. 30. What is the main idea of this passage? A. How regre t is understood by a ty pical American. B .C ommon regrets is more important than lov e and hate. C. Why regret is more important than lov e and hate. D. How regret has shaped A mericans. Passage four There are tw o methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first method is that of men, the second of beasts; but as the first method is often insufficient, one must hav e recourse to the second. It is, therefore, necessary for a prince to know how to use both the beast and the man. This w as cov ertly taught to the rulers by ancient w riters, w ho related how A chilles and many other ancient princes w ere giv en C hiron the centaur to be brought up and educated under his discipline. The parable of this semi-animal, semi-human teache r is meant to indicate that a prince must know how to use both natures and that w ithout one the other is not durable. A prince, being thus obliged to know w ell how to act as a beast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps and the fox cannot defend himself from w olves. Those that w ish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent rule r ought not to keep faith w hen by doing so it w ould be against his inte rest, and th e reasons w hich bind himself no longer exist. If men w ere all good, this precept w ould not be a good one; but as they are bad, and w ould not observ e their faith w ith y ou, so y ou are not bound to keep faith w ith them. Nor hav e legitimate grounds ev er failed a prince w ho w ishes to show colorable excuse for the nonfulfilment of his promise. O f this one could furnish an infinite number of e xamples, and show how many times peace has been broken, and how many promises rendered w orthless, by the faithlessness of prince s, and those that h av e best been able to imitate the fox hav e succeeded best. But it is nece ssary to be able to disguise this characte r w ell, and to be a great feigner and dissembler, and men are so simple and so ready to obey present necessities, that the one w ho deceiv es w ill alw ay s find those w ho allow themselv es to be deceiv ed. 31. The w riter does not believ e that ___________. A. the truth makes men free B. people can protect themselv es C. princes are human D. leaders hav e to be consistent 32. "A prince" in the passage designates ____________.A. any one in pow erB. an elected officialC. an aristocratD. a son of a king 33. The lion represents those w ho are ____________. A. too trusting B. dependent on fo rce C. greedy and pow erful D. lacking in intelligence 34. The fox, in the passage, is ____________. A. admired for his trickery B. no match for the lion C. pitied for his cunning D. considered w orthless 35. The w riter suggests tha t a successful leade r must _____________. A. be prudent and faithful B. cheat and lie C. have principle to guide himself D. follow the truth Part III Vocabular y and Structure (20 points) Directions: There are 40 incomplete sen。
2012年11月北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题与答案
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2012年11月03日Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Y ou should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:It seems like every day there’s some new research about whether our favorite drinks are good for us. (76) One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer. The next day, maybe not. It seems journalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee. Now，there’s been a lot of research into whether co ffee’s good for our health.“The results have really been mixed，”admits Neal Freedman who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medical journal recently. “There’s been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and there’s also been maybe more recent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well.”Freedman and his colleagues undertook the biggest study yet to look at the relationship between coffee and health. They analyzed data collected from more than 400,000 Americans ages 50 to 71 participating in the study. “We found that the coffee drinkers had a modestly lower risk of death than the non-drinkers，”he said. Here’s what he means by“modestly”：those who drank at least two or three cups a day were about 10 percent or 15 percent less likely to die for any reason during the 13 years of the study. When the researchers looked at specific causes of death, coffee drinking appeared to cut the risk of dying from heart disease, lung disease, injuries, accidents and infections.Now, Freedman stressed that the study doesn’t prove coffee can make people live longer. A study like this can never prove a cause-and-effect relationship. (77) All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation. And even if it turns out that coffee is really good for you, scientists have no idea why.1. According to the first paragraph, reporters would like to know the research findings of .A. teaB. beerC. alcoholD. coffee2. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Freedman and his colleagues hired 400,000 Americans to collect data.B. About four hundred thousand Americans worked for Freedman’s team full time for 13 years.C. People who took part in Freedman’s research are about 50 to 70 years old.D. People who are 50 to 70 years old seldom drink coffee.3. According to the author, scientists .A. have already proved that coffee is good for human healthB. have a long way to go before they find a way to study coffeeC. have avoided the cause-and-effect approach to study coffeeD. are still unable to figure out why coffee is good for us4. The word “mixed”in the first paragraph means “”.A. both good and badB. put togetherC. both sharp and softD. confused5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Can Beer Help You Live Longer?B. Can Coffee Help You Live Longer?C. Can Wine Help You Live Longer?D. Can Tea Help You Live Longer?Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:When we’re learning a foreign language, making sense of what we hear is the first step toward fluency. It sounds obvious, but until recently, we didn’t know much about how listening works. New research demonstrates that effective listening involves more than simply hearing the words that float past our ears. Rather, it’s an active process of receiving information and making meaning. This kind of engaged listening is a skill that’s as critical for learning a range of subjects at school and work as it is for learning to understand a foreign tongue.(78) Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead to superior comprehension. Last year, for example, University of Ottawa researcher Larry Vandergrift published his study of 106 undergraduates who were learning French as a second language. Half of the students were taught in a conventional fashion, listening to and practicing texts spoken aloud. The other half, possessing the same initial (最初的) skill level and taught by the same teacher, were given detailed instruction on how to listen. It mined out that the second group “significantly outperformed”(胜过) the first one on a test of comprehension.So what are these listening strategies? Skilled learners go into a listening class with a sense of what they want to get out of it. (79) They set a goal for their listening and they generate predictions about what the speaker will say. Before the talking begins, they mentally review what they already know about the subject, and form an intention to “listen out for”what’s important or relevant. Once they begin listening, these learners maintain their focus; if their attention wanders, they bring it back to the words being spoken. They don’t allow themselves to be thrown off by confusing or unfamiliar details. Instead, they take note of what they don’t understand and make inferences about what those things might mean, based on other clues available to them: their previous knowledge of the subject, the context (语境) of the talk,, the identity of the speaker, and so on.6. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Effective listening means hearing the words that float past our ears.B. Developing your listening skills is the first step toward developing fluency.C. Skilled listeners use specific strategies to get the most out of what they hear.D. Listening is one of the most powerful tools we have to gain information.7. What does Vandergrift’s research show?A. Learners who adopt specific listening strategies become better listeners.B. Learners taught in the traditional way are better at reinforcing what they learn.C. Learners are more confident if they make fewer mistakes.D. Learners who listen on a regular basis improve faster.8. Which of the following statements about Vandergrift’s research is TRUE?A. The participants were postgraduates learning French as a second language.B. All the participants were taught using the conventional method, with the focus on listeningstrategies.C. The two groups were taught by different teachers.D. The participants were at the same initial skill level.9. The expression“thrown off”in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to“”.A. infectedB. confusedC. ruinedD. informed10. According to the passage, which of the following strategies is NOT used by skilled learners?A. Review their prior knowledge of the subject.B. Concentrate on the speaker’s words.C. Translate into their native language.D. Predict what the speaker will say.Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:(80) As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians from the ship’s band stood and played. They died when the ship went down. Men stood on the deck and smoked cigarettes. They died, too. This behavior is puzzling to economists, who like to believe that people tend to act in their own self interest. “There was no pushing,”says David Savage, an economist at Queensland University in Australia who has studied witness reports from the survivors. It was “very, very orderly behavior.”Savage has compared the behavior of the passengers on the Titanic with those on the Lusitania, another ship that also sank at about the same time. But when the Lusitania went down, the passengers panicked(恐慌). There were a lot of similarities between these two events. These two ships were both luxury ones, they had a similar number of passengers and a similar number of survivors.The biggest difference, Savage concludes, was time. The Lusitania sank in less than 20 minutes. But for the Titanic, it was two-and-a-half hours. “If you’ve got an event that lasts two-and-a-half hours, social order will take over and everybody will behave in a social manner,”Savage says.“If you’re going down in under 17 minutes, basically it’s instinctual.”On the Titanic, social order ruled, and it was women and children first. On the Lusitania, instinct won out. The survivors were largely the people who could swim and get into the lifeboats.Yes, we’re self-interested, Savage says. But we’re also part of a society. Given time, social norms (规范) can beat our natural self-interest. A hundred years ago, women and children always went first. Men were stoic (坚忍的). On the Titanic, there was enough time for these norms to become forceful.11. According to the author, economists were confused because .A. people’s behavior was disorderly on the TitanicB. people did not act in their own interest on the TitanicC. most men did not act in their own interest on the LusitaniaD. women and children could not climb into the lifeboats12. The expression“won out” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to“”.A. took the upper handB. went out of controlC. ran wildD. shut down13. According to David Savage, was a critical factor in determining people’s behavior in the sinking of these two ships.A. social orderB. placeC. instinctD. time14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Both ships were expensive ones.B. A similar number of women and children from both ships survived.C. About the same number of people from each ship died.D. Both ships had a similar number of passengers.15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Why Didn’t Musicians Play on the Lusitania?B. Why Did Musicians Play on the Titanic?C. Why Didn’t Passengers Panic on the Titanic?D. Why Did Men Smoke on the Titanic?Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. Have you ever visited the Summer Palace，there are many beautiful halls, ridges and a huge lake?A. whichB. thatC. whereD. when17. Mr. Obama will give a speech on the current situation at the meeting next week inBeijing.A. to holdB. heldC. holdingD. to be held18. It was in a small village in the south he spent his childhood and met his life-longfriend—the local schoolmaster.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. that19. First of all, a teacher should show love for his students on top of his academicknowledge. , he is not qualified for his position.A. ThereforeB. OtherwiseC. HoweverD. Because20. For many overseas Chinese, China is their real , because they were born and grew up there.A. homeB. familyC. houseD. household21. With all your brains you the math test, but you failed. You were too careless.A. should passB. should have passedC. must passD. must have passed22. When he entered the room he found a cat quietly under the desk.A. lieB. liesC. to lieD. lying23. Today Mrs Smith _ herself in white like a nurse at the garden party.A. woreB. putC. sentD. dressed24. In road rules the red light is a _ for traffic to stop.A. signB. sightC. siteD. size25. I can you for your rude manners but you must apologize in public.A. forbidB. forgetC. forecastD. forgive26. General Blair had been in the army for 35 years when he retired from the navy.A. serviceB. workC. jobD. homework27. Linda is quite different her sister in character：she likes friends and goes out a lot whileher sister always stays alone at home.A. toB. fromC. atD. on28. Jim was absent from school for the whole week a bad cold.A. because ofB. in addition toC. according toD. in front of29. Some people like to a small sum of money in case of urgent need.A. deal withB. use upC. set asideD. take off30. Mr. Smith feels greatly with his son’s performance in school as he is always the top ofhis class.A. disturbedB. worriedC. distressedD. satisfied31.Skating is such a_____sport in the northeast of China that almost everybody there knows howto skate.A. likelyB. famousC. popularD. long32. The teacher suggested that they __ in the exercise at once.A. had handedB. should have handedC. handedD. hand33. He did not go to school yesterday because he _ __ his father who was ill.A. must have looked afterB. would have to look afterC. had to look afterD. should have looked after34. After walking for half an hour, she realized that she in the wrong direction.A. had been walkingB. has been walkingC. walkedD. would have walked35. Don’t smoke in the classroom, ?A. do youB. will youC. can youD. could you36. There is not much time left, so I shall tell you about it .A. in detailB. in briefC. for shortD. in all37. _ _ the room than the telephone rang once more.A. Hardly when he enteredB. Hardly he enteredC. No sooner he had enteredD. No sooner had he entered38. My bike is old, it is in good condition.A. thereforeB. soC. neverthelessD. moreover39. There is that he has tried his best in the examination.A. not to denyB. not denyingC. no denyingD. without denying40. Would you to come to the meeting this weekend?A. be so kindB. be kind asC. be so kind asD. be kind41. He will write to me as soon as he home.A. will have returnedB. returnsC. returnedD. will return42. is generally believed, there is no water on the moon.A. AsB. WhatC. ThatD. It43. He devoted his whole life to care of the disabled children.A. takesB. takingC. tookD. take44.The student continued his university study his family -,vas poor.A. even thoughB. as thoughC. now thatD. since45. His father was put into_ prison，and he had to go to _prison to visit him once in a while.A. a; theB. the; aC. a;/D. /;thePart III Identification (10%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.46. Putting the bottles, boxes and books back where they belong, please. Don’t leaveA B C Dthem on the desk.47. Though Jack is only 7 years old but he is clever enough to work out that puzzleA B Cdifficult even for a grown-up.D48. I opened the letter and it contained an important information that told us to stayA B Cwhere we were.D49. Unlike Jim, I go to work by foot instead of by car every morning.A B C D50. If heating, ice will change into water or steam.A B C D51. Weather permit, we’ll have the match tomorrow.A B C D52. Don’t you think it’s the most worst film we have seen since we came here ten years ago?A B C D53. She is as gifted as she is more intelligent.A B C D54. The teacher, as well as his students, were present at the meeting.A B C D55. Walking alone in the desert, the traveler is boring.A B C DPart IV Cloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. Y ou should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Visitors to the zoo usually pity the animals owing to their particular emotional associations (联想). Which animals should be indeed pitied?The first type are those clever and 56 developed animals 57 lively intelligence and desire for activity can 58 no outlet behind the bars of the cage. Those animals living in a free state before 59 in the zoo have a strong desire for moving about 60 , but have to mm around repeatedly in their quarters. Owing to this disappointment, foxes and wolves 61 in places which are far too small, are among the most 62 of all zoo animals.Another sad scene, seldom 63 by ordinary zoo visitors, is the 64 flying trials of swans (天鹅) at migration (迁徙) time. These creatures, like most other water birds, are generally made unable to fly by the 65 of cutting off a tip of the wing bone. 66 such swans in the zoo generally seem happy under 67 care and they raise their young without any trouble, at migration time things become 68 . The birds never really 69 that they can no longer fly, and repeatedly swim to the 70 of the pond so that they can have the whole extent of its surface when trying to 71 against the wind. Meanwhile, their loud flying calls can be heard as they try to 72 , and again and again the grand preparations end in 73 .I do not like seeing those 74 water birds in the zoo. The missing tip of one wing and the still sadder picture that the bird makes when it 75 its wings hurt me badly. What a truly sorry picture it is!56. A. high B. highly C. deep D. deeply57. A. whose B. whom C. that D. which58. A. find B. lose C. declare D. transform59. A. to be put B. being put C. to put D. putting60. A. partly B. highly C. deeply D. freely61. A. kept B. keeping C. rose D. rising62. A. victorious B. thoughtful C. miserable D. fortunate63. A. scattered B. written C. noticed D. wakened64. A. similar B. suitable C. apparent D. constant65. A. experiment B. operation C. treatment D. movement66. A. Although B. When C. Since D. Because67. A. original B. proper C. parallel D. precious68. A. private B. public C. different D. similar69. A. suggest B. assure C. underline D. realize70. A. limit B. side C. middle D. center71. A. take off B. stand up C. take up D. stand by72. A. spring B. raise C. swell D. rise73. A. passage B. support C. failure D. success74. A. upright B. powerful C. valuable D. unlucky75. A. spreads B. strengthens C. enlarges D. inspectsPart V Translation (20%)Section ADirections: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.76.One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer.77.All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation.78.Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead tosuperior comprehension.79.They set a goal for their listening, and they generate predictions about what the speaker willsay.80.As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians fromthe ship’s band stood and played.SectionBDirections：In this part there are five sentences in Chinese．You should translate them intoEnglish．Be sure to write clearly．81．他是第一个在月球上行走的人。
成人学位英语书阅读部分英译汉
1as people continre to grow and age,our body systems continue to change,at a certain stage in your life,your body system will begin to be weaker,your joints may become stiff it may become more difficult for you to see and hear.the slow change of againg carses our bodies to lose some of their ability to recover from disease and injury.in order to live longer,we have always tried to slow or stop this process that leads us to ward the end of our livesmany factors contribute to your health a well-balanced diet plays an important role.the amount and type of exercises you get is another factor.your living environment and the amount of presure you are under is still another.but scientists studying aging want to know:why do people get old?they hope that by examining the aging process on the level of cells,medical science may be able to make life longer随着人们继续增长和年龄，我们的身体系统的不断变化，在你生活中的某些阶段，你的身体系统将开始疲软，你的关节可能变得僵硬，它可能会变得更加困难，给你看和hear.失去一些疾病和损伤恢复的能力为了活得更长，我们一直试图以减缓或阻止这一进程，使我们病房我们的生活结束许多因素有助于您的健康，良好的均衡饮食中起着重要作用。
学位英语历年真题带答案12-11
成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2012年11月03日Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Y ou should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:It seems like every day there’s some new research about whether our favorite drinks are good for us. (76) One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer. The next day, maybe not. It seems journalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee. Now，there’s been a lot of research into whether coffee’s good for our health.“The results have really been mixed，”admits Neal Freedman who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medical journal recently. “There’s been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and th ere’s also been maybe more recent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well.”Freedman and his colleagues undertook the biggest study yet to look at the relationship between coffee and health. They analyzed data collected from more than 400,000 Americans ages 50 to 71 participating in the study. “We found that the coffee drinkers had a modestly lower risk of death than the non-drinkers，”he said. Here’s what he means by“modestly”：those who drank at least two or three cups a day were about 10 percent or 15 percent less likely to die for any reason during the 13 years of the study. When the researchers looked at specific causes of death, coffee drinking appeared to cut the risk of dying from heart disease, lung disease, injuries, accidents and infections.Now, Freedman stressed that the study doesn’t prove coffee can make people live longer. A study like this can never prove a cause-and-effect relationship. (77) All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation. And even if it turns out that coffee is really good for you, scientists have no idea why.1. According to the first paragraph, reporters would like to know the research findings of .A. teaB. beerC. alcoholD. coffee2. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Freedman and his colleagues hired 400,000 Americans to collect data.B. About four hundred thousand Americans worked for Freedman’s team full time for 13 years.C. People who t ook part in Freedman’s research are about 50 to 70 years old.D. People who are 50 to 70 years old seldom drink coffee.3. According to the author, scientists .A. have already proved that coffee is good for human healthB. have a long way to go before they find a way to study coffeeC. have avoided the cause-and-effect approach to study coffeeD. are still unable to figure out why coffee is good for us4. The word “mixed”in the first paragraph means “”.A. both good and badB. put togetherC. both sharp and softD. confused5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Can Beer Help You Live Longer?B. Can Coffee Help You Live Longer?C. Can Wine Help You Live Longer?D. Can Tea Help You Live Longer?Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:When we’re learning a foreign language, making sense of what we hear is the first step toward fluency. It sounds obvious, but until recently, we didn’t know much about how listen ing works. New research demonstrates that effective listening involves more than simply hearing the words that float past our ears. Rather, it’s an active process of receiving information and making meaning. This kind of engaged listening is a skill that’s as critical for learning a range of subjects at school and work as it is for learning to understand a foreign tongue.(78) Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead to superior comprehension. Last year, for example, University of Ottawa researcher Larry Vandergrift published his study of 106 undergraduates who were learning French as a second language. Half of the students were taught in a conventional fashion, listening to and practicing texts spoken aloud. The other half, possessing the same initial (最初的) skill level and taught by the same teacher, were given detailed instruction on how to listen. It mined out that the second group “significantly outperformed”(胜过) the first one on a test of comprehension.So what are these listening strategies? Skilled learners go into a listening class with a sense of what they want to get out of it. (79) They set a goal for their listening and they generate predictions about what the speaker will say. Before the talking begins, they mentally review what they already know about the subject, and form an intention to “listen out for”what’s important or relevant. Once they begin listening, these learners maintain their focus; if their attention wanders, they bring it back to the words being spoken. They don’t allow themselves to be thrown off by confusing or unfamiliar details. Instead, they take note of what they don’t understand and make inferences about what those things might mean, based on other clues available to them: their previous knowledge of the subject, the context (语境) of the talk,, the identity of the speaker, and so on.6. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Effective listening means hearing the words that float past our ears.B. Developing your listening skills is the first step toward developing fluency.C. Skilled listeners use specific strategies to get the most out of what they hear.D. Listening is one of the most powerful tools we have to gain information.7. What does Vandergrift’s r esearch show?A. Learners who adopt specific listening strategies become better listeners.B. Learners taught in the traditional way are better at reinforcing what they learn.C. Learners are more confident if they make fewer mistakes.D. Learners who listen on a regular basis improve faster.8. Which of the following statements about Vandergrift’s research is TRUE?A. The participants were postgraduates learning French as a second language.B. All the participants were taught using the conventional method, with the focus on listening strategies.C. The two groups were taught by different teachers.D. The participants were at the same initial skill level.9. The expression“thrown off”in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to“”.A. infectedB. confusedC. ruinedD. informed10. According to the passage, which of the following strategies is NOT used by skilled learners?A. Review their prior knowledge of the subject.B. Concentrate on the speaker’s words.C. Translate into their native language.D. Predict what the speaker will say.Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:(80) As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians from the ship’s ba nd stood and played. They died when the ship went down. Men stood on the deck and smoked cigarettes. They died, too. This behavior is puzzling to economists, who like to believe that people tend to act in their own self interest. “There was no pushing,”says David Savage, an economist at Queensland University in Australia who has studied witness reports from the survivors. It was “very, very orderly behavior.”Savage has compared the behavior of the passengers on the Titanic with those on the Lusitania, another ship that also sank at about the same time. But when the Lusitania went down, the passengers panicked(恐慌). There were a lot of similarities between these two events. These two ships were both luxury ones, they had a similar number of passengers and a similar number of survivors.The biggest difference, Savage concludes, was time. The Lusitania sank in less than 20 minutes. But for the Titanic, it was two-and-a-half hours. “If you’ve got an event that lasts two-and-a-half hours, social order will take over and everybody will behave in a social manner,”Savage says.“If you’re going down in under 17 minutes, basically it’s instinctual.”On the Titanic, social order ruled, and it was women and children first. On the Lusitania, instinct won out. The survivors were largely the people who could swim and get into the lifeboats.Yes, we’re self-interested, Savage says. But we’re also part of a society. Given time, social norms (规范) can beat our natural self-interest. A hundred years ago, women and children always went first. Men were stoic (坚忍的). On the Titanic, there was enough time for these norms to become forceful.11. According to the author, economists were confused because .A. people’s behavior was disorderly on the TitanicB. people did not act in their own interest on the TitanicC. most men did not act in their own interest on the LusitaniaD. women and children could not climb into the lifeboats12. The expression“won out” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to“”.A. took the upper handB. went out of controlC. ran wildD. shut down13. According to David Savage, was a critical factor in determining people’s behavior in the sinking of these two ships.A. social orderB. placeC. instinctD. time14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Both ships were expensive ones.B. A similar number of women and children from both ships survived.C. About the same number of people from each ship died.D. Both ships had a similar number of passengers.15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Why Didn’t Musicians Play on the Lusitania?B. Why Did Musicians Play on the Titanic?C. Why Didn’t Passengers Panic on the Titanic?D. Why Did Men Smoke on the Titanic?Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. Have you ever visited the Summer Palace，there are many beautiful halls, ridges and a huge lake?A. whichB. thatC. whereD. when17. Mr. Obama will give a speech on the current situation at the meeting next week inBeijing.A. to holdB. heldC. holdingD. to be held18. It was in a small village in the south he spent his childhood and met his life-longfriend—the local schoolmaster.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. that19. First of all, a teacher should show love for his students on top of his academicknowledge. , he is not qualified for his position.A. ThereforeB. OtherwiseC. HoweverD. Because20. For many overseas Chinese, China is their real , because they were born and grew up there.A. homeB. familyC. houseD. household21. With all your brains you the math test, but you failed. You were too careless.A. should passB. should have passedC. must passD. must have passed22. When he entered the room he found a cat quietly under the desk.A. lieB. liesC. to lieD. lying23. Today Mrs Smith _ herself in white like a nurse at the garden party.A. woreB. putC. sentD. dressed24. In road rules the red light is a _ for traffic to stop.A. signB. sightC. siteD. size25. I can you for your rude manners but you must apologize in public.A. forbidB. forgetC. forecastD. forgive26. General Blair had been in the army for 35 years when he retired from the navy.A. serviceB. workC. jobD. homework27. Linda is quite different her sister in character：she likes friends and goes out a lot whileher sister always stays alone at home.A. toB. fromC. atD. on28. Jim was absent from school for the whole week a bad cold.A. because ofB. in addition toC. according toD. in front of29. Some people like to a small sum of money in case of urgent need.A. deal withB. use upC. set asideD. take off30. Mr. Smith feels greatly with his son’s performance in school as he is always the top ofhis class.A. disturbedB. worriedC. distressedD. satisfied31.Skating is such a_____sport in the northeast of China that almost everybody there knows howto skate.A. likelyB. famousC. popularD. long32. The teacher suggested that they __ in the exercise at once.A. had handedB. should have handedC. handedD. hand33. He did not go to school yesterday because he _ __ his father who was ill.A. must have looked afterB. would have to look afterC. had to look afterD. should have looked after34. After walking for half an hour, she realized that she in the wrong direction.A. had been walkingB. has been walkingC. walkedD. would have walked35. Don’t smoke in the classroom, ?A. do youB. will youC. can youD. could you36. There is not much time left, so I shall tell you about it .A. in detailB. in briefC. for shortD. in all37. _ _ the room than the telephone rang once more.A. Hardly when he enteredB. Hardly he enteredC. No sooner he had enteredD. No sooner had he entered38. My bike is old, it is in good condition.A. thereforeB. soC. neverthelessD. moreover39. There is that he has tried his best in the examination.A. not to denyB. not denyingC. no denyingD. without denying40. Would you to come to the meeting this weekend?A. be so kindB. be kind asC. be so kind asD. be kind41. He will write to me as soon as he home.A. will have returnedB. returnsC. returnedD. will return42. is generally believed, there is no water on the moon.A. AsB. WhatC. ThatD. It43. He devoted his whole life to care of the disabled children.A. takesB. takingC. tookD. take44.The student continued his university study his family -,vas poor.A. even thoughB. as thoughC. now thatD. since45. His father was put into_ prison，and he had to go to _prison to visit him once in a while.A. a; theB. the; aC. a;/D. /;thePart III Identification (10%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.46. Putting the bottles, boxes and books back where they belong, please. Don’t leaveA B C Dthem on the desk.47. Though Jack is only 7 years old but he is clever enough to work out that puzzleA B Cdifficult even for a grown-up.D48. I opened the letter and it contained an important information that told us to stayA B Cwhere we were.D49. Unlike Jim, I go to work by foot instead of by car every morning.A B C D50. If heating, ice will change into water or steam.A B C D51. Weather permit, we’ll have the match tomorrow.A B C D52. Don’t you think it’s the most worst film we have seen since we came here ten years ago?A B C D53. She is as gifted as she is more intelligent.A B C D54. The teacher, as well as his students, were present at the meeting.A B C D55. Walking alone in the desert, the traveler is boring.A B C DPart IV Cloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. Y ou should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Visitors to the zoo usually pity the animals owing to their particular emotional associations (联想). Which animals should be indeed pitied?The first type are those clever and 56 developed animals 57 lively intelligence and desire for activity can 58 no outlet behind the bars of the cage. Those animals living in a free state before 59 in the zoo have a strong desire for moving about 60 , but have to mm around repeatedly in their quarters. Owing to this disappointment, foxes and wolves 61 in places which are far too small, are among the most 62 of all zoo animals.Another sad scene, seldom 63 by ordinary zoo visitors, is the 64 flying trials of swans (天鹅) at migration (迁徙) time. These creatures, like most other water birds, are generally made unable to fly by the 65 of cutting off a tip of the wing bone. 66 such swans in the zoo generally seem happy under 67 care and they raise their young without any trouble, at migration time things become 68 . The birds never really 69 that they can no longer fly, and repeatedly swim to the 70 of the pond so that they can have the whole extent of its surface when trying to 71 against the wind. Meanwhile, their loud flying calls can be heard as they try to 72 , and again and again the grand preparations end in 73 .I do not like seeing those 74 water birds in the zoo. The missing tip of one wing and thestill sadder picture that the bird makes when it 75 its wings hurt me badly. What a truly sorry picture it is!56. A. high B. highly C. deep D. deeply57. A. whose B. whom C. that D. which58. A. find B. lose C. declare D. transform59. A. to be put B. being put C. to put D. putting60. A. partly B. highly C. deeply D. freely61. A. kept B. keeping C. rose D. rising62. A. victorious B. thoughtful C. miserable D. fortunate63. A. scattered B. written C. noticed D. wakened64. A. similar B. suitable C. apparent D. constant65. A. experiment B. operation C. treatment D. movement66. A. Although B. When C. Since D. Because67. A. original B. proper C. parallel D. precious68. A. private B. public C. different D. similar69. A. suggest B. assure C. underline D. realize70. A. limit B. side C. middle D. center71. A. take off B. stand up C. take up D. stand by72. A. spring B. raise C. swell D. rise73. A. passage B. support C. failure D. success74. A. upright B. powerful C. valuable D. unlucky75. A. spreads B. strengthens C. enlarges D. inspectsPart V Translation (20%)Section ADirections: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.76.One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer.77.All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation.78.Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead tosuperior comprehension.79.They set a goal for their listening, and they generate predictions about what the speaker willsay.80.As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians fromthe ship’s band stood and played.SectionBDirections：In this part there are five sentences in Chinese．You should translate them into English．Be sure to write clearly．81．他是第一个在月球上行走的人。
2013年11月江西成人学士学位英语考试真题及答案
2013年11月江西成人学士学位英语考试真题及答案第一部分:阅读理解(共20题，40分考试时间为35分钟)（一）Long long ago people made fires from lightning(闪电)。
But they had to keep the fire burning, forthey couldn' t start it again if there was no lightning. Later, they found out hitting two piece of stone together could make a spark (火花). The spark could fire dry leaves. In this way they could make the fire again if it went out. Them people also learned to make a fire by rubbing. They made a hole on a big piece of wood and put a smaller stick into the hole. They turned the stick again and again. After a few minutes they got a fire.As years went by, people learned other ways to make a fire. Sometimes they used the heat fromsun. they held a piece of glass in the right way and made a piece of paper on fire.About two centuries ago, people began to make matches (火柴). Matches brought people a quick and easy way to make fire. Today matches are still being used, but people have more new ways to make fires. One of them is to use an electric fire starter. Of course an electric fire starter is much more expensive than a box of matches. But it is more useful.1. A spark can _____A. fire any leavesB. burn anythingC. burn dry leavesD. keep fires burning2. We can also get a fire by _____A. making a hole on a big piece of woodB. putting a smaller stick into the holeC. turning the stick hard for a whileD. doing all the above together3. Matches have been used _____A. for about two thousand yearsB. for about two hundred yearsC. since people began to use fire for cookingD. since people used the heat from the sun.4. From this passage we know _____A. using matches is the easiest and most useful way to make firesB. people don’' t use matches any more since they had electric fire startersC. today there are only two ways to make firesD. some forest fires happen from lightning5. Choose the right order of the ways to make fires people got to know _____a.with a matchb. from the sunc.from lightningd.by rubbinge.with an electric fire starter.A.d,b,c,a,eB.d,c,b,a,eC.C,d,b,a,eD.c,b,d,a,e答案及解析1. 【答案】C [解析]细节题。
2012年陕西成人学位英语考试答案
2012年陕西成人学位英语考试答案2012 年陕西成人学位英语考试答案Part I Reading Comprehension （30 ）I hear many parents complain that their teenage children are rebelling.I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents.You should be learning to stand on your own feet. But take a good look atthe present rebellion. It seems .that teenagers are all taking the same wayof showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking outboldly on their own most of them are holding one anothers hands forreassurance （放心）。
They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the sameclothes. They set off in new directions in music. But they all end up listeningto the same record. Their reason for thinking or acting in such a way is thatthe crowd is doing it. They have come out of their cocoon （茧）into a largercocoon. （80）It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up againstthe popularity wave and to go his or her own way. Industry has firmly carvedout a market for teenagers. These days every teenager can learn from theadvertisements what a teenager should have and be. This is a great barrierfor the teenager who wants to find his or her own path. But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. Youmay want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You maywant to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records. You may havesomethoughts that you dont care to share at once with your classmates. Wellgo to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come ——with thepeople who respect you for who you are. Thats the only kind of popularitythat really counts. 1. The authors purpose in writing this passage is to tell ．A. readers how to he popular with people around B. teenagers how to learn to make a decision for themselves C. parents how to control and guide their children D. people how to understand and respect each oth 2. According to the author many teenagers think they are brave enough toact on their own but in fact most of them ．A. have much difficulty understanding each other B. lack confidence C. dare not cope with any problems alone D. are very much afraid of getting lost 3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？A. There is no popularity that really counts. B. Many parents think that their children are challenging theirauthority. C. It is not necessarily bad for a teenager to disagree with his orher classmates. D. Most teenagers are actually doing the same. 4. The author thinks of advertisements as to teenagers. A. inevitable B. influential C. instructive D. attractive 5. The main idea of the last paragraph is that a teenager should . A. differ from others in as many ways as possible B. become poDFHXDpular with others C. find his real self D. rebel against his parents and the popularity wave Part II Vocabular 采访那些y and Structure （30 ）Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For eachsentence there are fouxdbhxdr choices marked A B C and D. Choose the ONEanswer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet. 6. The man has a special talent for art and is of a musician. A. anybody B. anyxdfxdthing C. somebody D. something 7. I know Jonxdfbathan quite well and never doubt he can do agood job of it. A. whether B. what C. when D. what 8. How many more decades will have to pass scientists succeedin providing a cure for cancer？A. when B. before C. since D. until 9. The enfbfcggineer is not happy with the project and is herboss. A. neither B. so C. Wither D. as 20. for a long time but he tried his best to catch up with hisclassmates. A. Having been ill B. Being ill C. Tough he was ill D. He was ill 21. How clofgcfgse parents are to their children a stronginfluence on the development of the childrens character. A. have B. has C. having D. had 22. He changed his name that nobgfccfody would find out what hehad done before. A. having thought B. to think C. thinks D. thicfggfcnking 23. There is so much work today. Would you be kind enough to lendme a hand？A. having done B. to be done C. being done D. will be done 24. By no means to move to a new place far away from her workplacebecause it isnt convenient for her family and herself. A. Janfgbfe will agree B. will Jane agree C. Jane willdisagree D. will Jane disagree 5. You can the skfgbf is clear see as far as the old temple ontop of the mountain but not today. 9. Her heart faster when she entered the exam hall. A. jumped B. sank C. beat D. hit 40. Would you mindfgbf keeping a（n）on the house for us whilewe are away？A. eye B/look C. hand D. view 41. I am afraid that his phone number has slipped my for themoment. A. head B. brain C. mind D. sense 42. It was the wealth of the pioneer landowner John Harvard thatmade Harvard Univfgfgersity possible.A. preciousB. curiousC. anxiousD. prosperous 43. I am notfbfg sure whether we can give the right adviceemergency. A. on account of B. in case of C. at the risk of D. in spite of 44. Vingo fgnfwas released from prison the successful efforts ofhis friends to profbfgve his innocence. A. according to B. as a result of C. for reasons of D. with the help of 45. Some of the meat came from Canada. How about ？A. another B. the other C. others D. the rest Part III Identification （10 ）（为方便排版，特意将挑错题改为以下格式，请见谅！）Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underline partsmarked A B C and D. bcfgentify the one that is not correct. Then blackenthe corresponding letter ofgcfn the Answer Sheet. 46. After（A）her two-week vacation was over B Dorothy regrettedto spendC so much money for so little pleasure.D 47. Dont make AHelens remarks too seriously B. She isso upset C that I dontthink she really knows what she is saying D. 48. Workers newly arrive A from the south or Brural areas performtheir jobdifferently C from those from other sections D of the city. 49. While A rememberedB mainly for the invention C of thetelephoneAlexander Gracfbfgham Bell devoted his life to help D the deaf. 50. A Acontainer weighs B more after air is put in C it Dproves that air has weight. 51. The young man to make Aseveral attempts to beat B the worldrecord in high jumping decided C to have another try.D 52. Of Athe two coats Id choose B the cheapest C one to sparesome money for D a book. 53. The protection of Aour environment is B not nothing C to beleft to the government. Everyone should be concerned D. 54. There are A moments in life whereB you miss someone somuch that C you just want to D pick them up from dreams and hug them forreal. 55. None of A us had the final say B in this matterand therefore C it was recommended that we waited Dfor the authorities. Part IV Cloze （10 ）Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage and for eachblank there are 4 choices marked A B C and D at the end of the passage.You should choose ONE ansfgncfgwer that best fits into the passage. Thenblacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Conversation begins almost the moment we come into contact with anotherand continues throughout the day 56 the aid of cell phonesandcomputers. However we am so often absorbed in conversation that we 57sight of its true purpose and value. One important 58 of a good conversation is that the wordsare 59 used to express thoughts and feelings. We are 60 deepthoughts and strong emotions yet our vocabularies are not 61 for thisexpression and many . 62 little effort to expand that. Perhaps you see amovie that 63 . you deeply yet you have the following conversation: So what did you think of the film？Oh my God it wasso sad I swear. I went through 64 a box of tissues（面巾纸）。
2012年5月河南省成人学士学位外语考试(英语)真题
2012年河南省成人学士学位外语考试（英语）真题2012 年11月河南省成人高等教育本科毕业生申请学士学位外国语水平统一考试英语试题册（B）注意事项一、将自己的姓名、准考证号、接受申请单位填写在答题卡和答题纸上。
考生必须填划相应的试卷类型和报考语种，否则不给分。
二、在120分钟内答完全部试题，不得拖延时间。
考试结束后把答题卡和答题纸放在桌上，监考人员收卷后方可离开考场，答题卡、答题纸和试题册不得带走。
三、多项选择题的答案一定要填划在答题卡上，翻译与作文写在答题纸上。
凡是写在试题册上的答案无效。
四、多项选择题只能选一个答案，多选作废，选定答案后，用HB浓度以上的铅笔在相应字母的中部划一条横线，正确方法是：[A] [B] [C] [D]使用其他符号答题者不给分，划线要有一定粗度和浓度；答题纸一律用钢笔或圆珠笔书写。
、五、如果要改动答案，必须先用橡皮擦净原来选定的答案，然后再按上面的规定重新答题。
Part I Vocabulary and Structure (20 points, 20 minutes)Directions: there are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best complete the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.1. An investigation was made into the accident, ___ five people were killed.A. whereC. for thatB. whenD. in which2. Gravity is sure to play an important part, ___ the ball ___ into the air won’t go up.A. as, thrownB. for, thrownC. since, throwingD. as, throwing3. Research into the dynamics of storms is directed toward improving the ability to predict these events ___ to minimize damage and avoid loss of life.A. and thusB. soC. howeverD. because4. Long before children are able to speak a language, ___communicate through facial expressions and by making noises.A. howeverB. theyC. furthermoreD. who5. ___ difficulties we may come across, we will help one another to get over them.A. WhicheverB. WhateverC. HoweverD. What6. Evidence comes up ___ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as six months old.A. whatB. thatC. whoseD. which7. Tom's education gave him an advantage ___boys who had not been to a college.A. overB. upC. toD. above8. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ___our chairman, now.A. must have beenB. would have beenC. wereD. would been9. You ___ your homework lately and your class work isn't up to standard either.A. didn'tB .weren't doingC. haven’t been doingD .won't be doing10. Henry looked very much ___ when he was caught cheating in the exam.A. excitingB. excitedC. embarrassingD. embarrassed11. In this factory, suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully ___.A, admittedB. acknowledgedC. absorbedD. considered12. They have developed techniques which are ___ to those used in most factories.A. simplerB. betterC. superiorD. greater13.The problem has ___simple because you didn't follow the instructions in the handbook.A. assembledB. arisenC. appearedD. resulted14. Though badly damaged by fire, the palace was eventually ___to its original splendor.A. recoveredB. restoredC. renewedD .replaced15. As it is a very popular play, it would be wise to ___ seats in advance.A. buyB. preserveC. bookD. occupy16. The quiz ___ of fifty multiple-choice items and five passages for reading.A. constitutesB. composesC. comprisesD. consists17. After the party, the children were allowed to finish off the ___sandwiches and cakes.A. remainedB. leavingC. leftD. remaining18. The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and ___ him of speeding.A. chargedB. accusedC. blamedD. implied19. Color-b1ind people often find it difficult to ___ between blue and green.A. separateB. distinguishC. compareD. contrast20. It suddenly ___ him that he should solve the problem with a computer.A. occurred toB. struck atC. hit onD. dawned inPart Ⅱ Cloze Test (10 points, 10 minutes)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.Pubs can be found in every town, city or village in Britain. Social life for many people has 21___ on the pub for many years. Opening and closing times are 22___by law and, ten minutesbefore closing time, the barman or barmaid rings a bell or 23___，"Last orders!"When you go into a pub you have to go to the bar, pay for your drink and carry it to your seat.It is 24___ in Britain to “go for a drink” with friends. People often 25___at a pub before going on to another place. On Friday and Saturday evening pubs in some city centers can be very 26___. Some people do a tour of all pars in one 27___ and have a drink in each one: this is called a “pub crawl”.It used to be 28___ to get a cup of coffee in a pub, and children were not allowed inside. Though it is still against the law to serve alcohol to anyone under eighteen, pubs are now trying to 29___ family. Pubs with gardens or chairs arid tables outside are often crowded in the summer. Pubs are still a central part of British30___.21. A. centered B. depended C. based D. acted22. A. planned B. agreed C. decided D. accepted23. A. comforts B. explains C. shouts D. apologies24. A. customary B. strange C. important D. expensive25. A. call B. meet C. smoke D. discuss26. A. beautiful B. surprising C. crowded D. lonely27. A. corner B. room C. area D. street28. A. necessary B. difficult C. cheap D. common29. A. protect B. remind C. encourage D. punish30. A. history B. science C. education D. culturePart III Reading Comprehension (40points, 40 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this pant. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 31 to 35 arc based on the following passage:Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something, his purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration.All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they went. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. All being we1l, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone's satisfaction.For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else. He offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute directly, he does so with skill:"I know this jacket is not the sty]e you want, Sir! but would you like to try it for size? It happens to be the color you mentioned."Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is:"This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.”Now how does a woman go about buying clothes? In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way. Her shopping not often based on need .She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only "having a look round". She is always open to persuasion; indeed shesets great store by what the saleswoman tells her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her.Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a 1aborious（费时的）process, but apparently an enjoyable one.Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.31.When a man is buying clothes, ___.A.he buys cheap things, regardless of qualityB.he chooses things that others recommendC.he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right thingsD.he buys good quality things, so long as they are not too expensive32.What does a man do when he cannot get exactly what wants?A.He buys similar things of the color he wants.B.He usually does not buy anything.C.He tries on some other things, but never buys anything.D.So long as the size is right, he buys the thing.33. In commerce a good salesman is one who___.A.treats his customers kindly.B.always has in stock just what customers wantC.does not waste his time on difficult customersD.sells something a customer does not particularly want34.What does the passage tell us about women shoppers?A.They welcome suggestions from anyone.B. Women rarely consider buying cheap clothes.C.Women often buy things without giving the matter proper thoughtD.They listen to advice but never take it.35.What is the most obvious difference between men and women shoppers?A. The fact that men do not try clothes on in a shop.B. Women bargain for their clothes, but men do not.C. Women stand up to shop, but men sit down.D. The time they took over buying clothes.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:The poverty line is the minimum income that people need for an acceptable standard of living. People with incomes below the poverty line are considered poor. Economists study the causes of poverty in order to find solutions to the problem.As the general standard of living in the country rises, the poverty line does, too. Therefore, even with today's relatively high standard of living, about ten percent of the people in the United States are below the poverty line. However, if these people had stable jobs, they could have an acceptable standard of living. Economists suggest several reasons why poor people do not have jobs.For one thing, more than half of the poor people in the United States are not qualified to work. Over 40 percent of the poor people are children. By law, children less than 16 years old cannotwork in many industries. A large number of poor people are old. Many companies do not hire people over 65 years old, the normal retirement age.Some poor adults do not look for jobs for a variety of personal reasons: they are sick, they do not have any motivation, they have family problems, or they do not believe that they can find a job.Other poor people look for a job but cannot find one. Many poor adults never went to high school. Therefore, when they look for jobs, they have few skills that they can offer.At the present time, the government thinks it can reduce poverty in the country in the following ways. First, if the national economy grows, businesses and industries will hire more workers. Some of the poor who are qualified to look for jobs may fund employment. Then they will no longer be below the poverty line.Second, if society invests in the poor, the poor will become more productive. If the government spends money on social programs, education, and training for poor people, the poor will have the skills to offer, and then it is more likely that they can find jobs.Finally, if the government distributes society's income differently, it will raise some poor people above the poverty line. The government collects taxes from the non-poor and gives money to the poor. These payments to the poor are called welfare. In 1975 over 18 million people in the United States received welfare.Some economists are looking for better solution to the poverty problem. However, at the present time, many people depend on welfare for a minimally acceptable standard of living.36. The author's main purpose to write this article is___.A. to define what the poverty line isB. to explain why some people live below the poverty lineC. to find solutions to the problem of povertyD. to show sympathy for those poor people37. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Ten percent of the Americans live a poor life.B .Poor people are those who live below the poverty line.C. The poverty line rises as the general standard of living rises.D. The poverty line tends to be at the same level.38. More than 40 percent of the poor people are children. This is mainly because ___.A. they do not have enough motivationB. they are so young that they are deprived of chances to workC. they fail to get enough educationD. they are very poor in experience39. Most of the American poor people are not qualified for employment because___.A. they do not have any motivation to workB. they are not very self-confidentC. they are too young or too old to workD. they have physical and family problems40. We may conclude from the passage that___.A. better solutions to the poverty problem are not yet foundB. welfare will enable people to be richC. poor people are bound to go out of the poverty line of they have chances to do businessD. Employment is the best solution to the poverty problemQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:A popularly-held view has it that “opportunity to' learn" is the key to educational success, i.e., the more time children spend on a subject, the better they do at it. According to the recent study there seems little correlation between time spent on a subject and performance of pupils in tests. Young Austrians spend exceptionally long hours on math and science lessons; for them it pays off in higher test scores. But so do New Zealand's teenagers and they do not do any better than, say Norwegians, who spend an unusually short time on lessons in both subjects. Next and of particular interest to cash-strapped governments there appears to be little evidence to support the argument, often heard from teachers' unions, that the main cause of educational underachievement is underfunding. Low-spending countries such as South Korea and the Czech Republic are at the top. High-spenders such as America and Denmark do much worse. Obviously there are dozens of reasons other than spending why one country does well, another badly, but the success of the low –spending Czechs and Koreans does show that spending more on schools is not a prerequisite （前提）for improving standards.Another article of faith among the teaching profession that children are bound to do better in small classes is also being undermined by educational research. The study found that France, America and Britain, where children are usually taught in classes of twenty-odd, do significant1y worse than East Asian countries where almost twice as many pupils are crammed into each class. Again, there may be social reason why some countries can cope better with large classes than others. All the same, the comparison refutes the argument that larger is necessarily worse, Further, the study even cast some doubt over the cultural explanation for the greater success of East Asia: that there is some hard-to-define Asian culture, connected with parental authority and a strong social value on education, which makes children more eager to learn and easier to teach. Those who make this argument say it would of course be impossible to replicate such oriental magic in the West.Yet the results of the study suggest that this is, to put it mildly, exaggerated. If "culture" makes English children so poor at math, then why have they done so well at science (not far behind the Japanese and South Koreans)? Any why do English pupils do well at science and badly at math, while in France it is the other way around? A less mystical, more mundane explanation suggests itself English school: teach science well and math badly; French schools teach math better than science; East Asia schools teach both subjects well.41. The passage is mainly concerned with___.A. establishing a relationship between culture and educationB. exposing educational mythsC. introduction educational philosophiesD. comparing education philosophies42. All of the following are common-held beliefs about education EXCEPT___.A. time spent on a subject correlates with academic successB. educational achievements correlate with the money spentC. large classes contribute to poor educational achievementD .culture is not a deciding factor in school performance43. Which of the following statements is supported by the passage?A. Austrian teenagers do better than New Zealand's teenagersB. Low-spending will lead to good school performance.C. Students in large classes will do better than students in small class.D. Asian culture makes students eager to learn and easy to teach.44. The fact that English pupils do well at science and badly at math while in France it is the other way around is attributable to ___.A. cultural valuesB. teaching methodsC. class sizeD. money spent45. Which of the following countries does worse in science?A. Japan.B. South KoreaC. Britain.D. FranceQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:"Clean your plate!" and “Be a me mber of the clean-plate club!"Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, it's accompanied by an appeal:"Just think about those starving （饥饿）in Africa! Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of staying "clean the plate”, perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies （肚子）.A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended （推荐）by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand.Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparent1y, some customs are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent o f more than 4,000 people surveyed believe restaurants serve portions that Are too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can’t afford fine dining still large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $150.000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25,000 want smaller. ‘It's not that working class Americas don't want to eat healthy. It's just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seem like a good dea1. They live from paycheck （薪水）to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next year's Christmas presents.46. Parents in the United States rend to ask their children ___.A. to save foodB. to wash the dishesC. not to waste foodD. not to eat too much47. Why do American restaurants serve large portions?A. Because Americans associate quantity with valueB. Because Americans have big belliesC. Because Americans are good eatersD. Because Americans are greedy48. What happened in the 1970s?A.The US government recommended the amount of food a restaurant gave to a customer.B.Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions.C.The United States produced more grain then needed.D.The American waistline started to expand.49. What does the survey indicate?A. Many poor Americans want large portions.B. Twenty percent Americans want smaller potions.C. Fifty seven percent Americans earn $150,000 per year.D. Twenty three percent Americans earn less than $25, 000 per year.50. Which of the following is NOT true of working class Americans?A. they work long hours.B. they live from paycheck to paycheckC. they don't want to be healthy eaters.D. They want to save money for their children.Part IV English-Chinese Translation (10 points, 20 minutes)Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.（51）Each child has his individual pattern of social, as well as physical, development. Some of it depends on his home life and his home life and his relationships with the people who love him.（52）Children in large families learn how to get along with others through normalbrother-sister play and tussles（争斗）.An only child, on the other hand, may have to learn his lessons in social living through hard experiences on the playground or in the classroom.（53）Twins who always have one another to lean on may be slow in responding to others because they do not need anyone else.（54）A child who is constantly scolded（责骂）and made to fell he does everything wrong may have a difficult time developing socially. He may be so afraid of displeasing the adults around him that he keeps to himself (where he can't get into trouble),（55）or he may take the opposite route（道路）and go out of his way to create trouble. Like the isolated child, he too may return to infantile pleasures, developing habits that will satisfy him, but create barriers toward social contact.Part V Writing (20 points, 30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are given 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic of Classroom Learning or E-learning. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese.1. 我的观点：是喜欢传统的课堂学习还是网络教育？2. 给出两个或以上喜欢的原因。
2012版自考英语二课文中英文对照
第1课Text AText A Critical ReadingCritical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.批判性地阅读批判性阅读适合于那种作者提出一个观点或试图陈述一个说法的纪实类写作。
批判性阅读是积极阅读。
它不仅仅包括理解作者说了些什么，还包括质疑和评价作者的话，并对此形成自己的观点。
成为一名批判性阅读者需要做到以下几点。
Consider the context of what is written. You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than (=from) yours. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours. In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.考虑写作背景。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
13单元富有会让你幸福吗？Fed主席本.伯南克说，在某种程度上是这样的，但是，生活中还有很多比追逐金钱更值得去做的事情。
当然，伯南克先生不是唯一一个在金钱和幸福方面持有这个观点的人。
有大量的关于幸福的研究支持他的结论。
关于这个问题伯南克在他的演讲中提出了几个想法：人的基本需要必须得到满足当人们说到金钱不能购买幸福时，一般来讲，指的是“额外的金钱”。
我认为我们都同意并且这方面的研究也支持这样的观点：那些基本需要如居住、衣物和食物没得到满足的人们，很难觉得幸福。
当然，也有例外，那些宗教信仰规定应该对拥有尽量少的物质财产感到幸福的人属于例外。
对我们绝大多数来说，只有在基本需要得到满足时才会幸福。
你无法避开炫富的邻居有关幸福的调查显示，当人们定义自己的幸福水平时，他们与别人比较的多少远远比他们真正拥有的多少重要。
而且，这是在基本需要已经满足的假设下。
虽然一个国家中的富人总的讲比同一国家中的穷人感到幸福些，但在富有国家的富人并不比贫穷国家的富人感到更幸福，即使他们拥有更多的财富。
因此，当我们的基本需要得到满足并且比周围的人拥有更多时我们会感到幸福。
这就是说在追赶别人时，如果听任别人走得太远，我们会感到受伤害。
这也是人类本性之一，那就是希望自身的财务实力至少同周围的人在同一水平上。
然而，我们不应该让自己通过同邻居比赛“我比你拥有更多的东西”的毫无意义的外在拥有来追赶邻居，因为一座大别墅、一辆大轿车、和一次昂贵的假期仅仅意味着一个人有着严重的债务而不是“富有”。
但你应该避开激烈的竞争对我而言，从伯南克演讲中吸取的最重要的部分就是置身激烈竞争之外的重要性。
是的，你需要努力工作，接受可以找份好工作所需的教育，并工作足够长和足够辛苦使自己达到可以容易地满足基本需要的地步。
什么是基本需要？对大多数中等或中上等美国人来讲，基本需要已不再是非常基本的了。
我们希望能提供一个容纳4-5口之家的居住场所、新的衣服、充足的食物、健康保健和教育，同时还有退休后的积蓄。
这并不简单，肯定在美国不简单，在美国人们基本地需要照料自己，来自政府的支持远远少于其他国家（但是对商业和企业家也有更多的自由，更少的政府规定和更低的税收）。
“满足基本需要”要求努力和奉献，但一旦那些基本需要得到满足，好好地看一看你的生活和事业选择吧。
工作-生活的平衡是重要的。
把自己情绪上和身体上都弄得精疲力竭、一周工作40个小时、在一个你憎恨的工作上干满40年且只为周末活着，确实没有意义。
你能找到一份你喜欢的工作吗？你能开始自己的生意吗？你能少工作些许小时，接受少点薪水但却能提高你的生活质量吗？对我们中的大多数而言，只要我们的基本需要得到满足，在从事我们感兴趣的活动、花时间同朋友和家人呆在一起并保持活力时我们就会感到幸福。
相反的，为挣钱而挣钱并不能使人幸福。
理想的是，这些是你仍然年轻和刚刚开始人生时就应该回答了的问题。
不要等到你中年危机时才认识到这些而你的半生都已经过去，你却仍然感到不幸福。
现在轮到你了，这是一个大问题，我知道……但是你感到幸福吗？你认为你的幸福，至少在某种程度上，同你的财务状况捆绑在一起的吗？阅读一、电视可能被称为家庭成员的原因；B孩子们在电视上花费很多的时间。
2、大多是孩子们看电视的时间；B在晚上3、文中未涉及的观点： C大学生们花费同样的时间来观看电视4、教师和家长越来越担心电视的原因：B 电视机的坏作用影响很强的孩子5、这篇文章讲述了：D孩子们长时间的看电视，观点习惯会被电视控制在过去大约30年间，电视已经成为一个社会的重要因素。
它还经常与父母、老师竞争，她占用孩子们的时间比他们学习的时间还要多，因此，它也被称为“一个家庭成员”。
上学的孩子每周要看17-30小时的电视，学龄前儿童每周要看电视的时间则高达54小时。
上高中之前的学生大约有11000小时在学校度过，然而就有22000小时在看电视。
孩子们不仅看少儿节目，而且，他们从周一到周六的下午8点到11点和星期日下午的7点到11点也都在看电视。
然而，60%的妈妈都反映，她们没有对孩子看电视的时间加以限制。
教师和家长越来越担心电视对学习成绩的影响。
许多教师报告有越累越多的疲劳，紧张以及恶劣行为的事件发生。
为了使电视的负面效果达到最小化，教师和父母遵循了5年的方针，就是所有一年级的孩子都不能看电视。
在学校时也不鼓励二年级的学生看电视，只有周末的3-4个小时才可以看。
据许多父母说，效果很明显。
他们关掉电视的3天后，孩子们更加专心了，与邻居也能好好相处了，最近国家父母教师协会一直为了筛选节目，制定时限，帮父母和孩子养成批评的态度而努力工作。
阅读二（百度翻译）天文学家相信，宇宙膨胀的结果是一个巨大的和强大的爆炸被称为宇宙大爆炸。
爆炸的theory_may解释宇宙是如何形成的。
宇宙大爆炸理论认为，宇宙开始膨胀和爆炸的浓缩物质和能量和已扩大以来。
根据这一理论，所有的事情和宇宙中能量被集中到一个单一的地方。
这个地方，当然，是非常的热点和密集。
约15到20000000000年前，所有的大爆炸——bang-shot的concentratedmatter和能量在所有方向。
最快的旅行最远移动物质。
能量，太，开始移动距离面积大爆炸。
如果大爆炸理论是正确的，多余的精力从大爆炸会均匀地分散在整个宇宙。
这是众所周知的，事实上，宇宙背景辐射。
不断的背景辐射是一个观察，支持大爆炸理论。
在最初的大爆炸，重力的开始影响物质向外赛车在每一个方向。
重力是一个力量之间的吸引力的对象。
所有物体都有引力。
这个重力开始将物质团块。
在某些时候，团块形成巨大的集群的问题。
这些团块成为星系的宇宙。
但即使是星系形成的物质，在星系继续比赛以外的地区，大爆炸发生了。
这正是天文学家发现。
所有的星系加速从宇宙的中心。
14单元Smoking Advertisements (吸烟广告)商人经常卖一些可以使他们生活更好的东西。
然而，推销人员和销售人员他们在年轻人中促销吸烟，可以是美国人变成死亡商人。
美国的香烟公司广告在国外很多，在本国少。
在美国以外，广告显示香烟是美国生活方式一部分。
在这些广告中香烟是美国的，而那些吸烟者表现出富有、有魅力、浪漫。
这些广告它的意图吸引年轻人。
这些浪漫图画画片结果使世界各地孩子在非常小的时候就被吸引所引诱，一旦他们开始吸烟他们就不可能停下来，吸烟成为一种习惯，对于尼古丁成瘾是很难戒掉的，如果孩子们屈服这些广告并且18岁以前开始吸烟，他们就可能会变成终生烟民。
烟草公司否认他们制造了很多新的烟民。
他是这样说，他们只是已经开始吸烟的人，然而专家说很明显广告在鼓励孩子们吸烟。
健康影响对于很多国家是很严重，每一年都有几百万人死于吸烟的影响，而且很多国家都会将几百万美元花费在相关费用上。
美国烟草公司问题是，美国吸烟在减少，股东们想要看到他们公司能够赚钱，由于他们在美国销售量降低，所以他们开拓海外市场。
如果这些公司能够在全球多制造一个吸烟者，尤其是年轻吸烟者，他们将会比较富有，很多国家意识吸烟危险，并且试图完全禁止这些广告，目的是让孩子们永远不要看广告或者至少缩短这些吸香烟广告，以至于他们不能蔓延，但是这些控制通常是不成功的；总的来说，他们没能控制住这种香烟广告。
通过他们的行为，即使他们遵守这些法律词和字，美国公司违反了所指这些法律，这些公司有很多办法去违反想要保护年轻人不去吸烟法律精神。
例如，有一些公司没有为他们香烟做广告，可是他却免费给人香烟，更有甚者，这种隐伏这些烟草公司去参与这些体育赛事，他们表现出在促进体育运动，事实上他们在销售香烟。
最后当烟草公司资助这些因为没有钱没有办法开办体育赛事和运动会，最终是有害的。
在这些赛事中，年轻人看到他所熟悉骆驼牌香烟广告；在音乐会中，如果他们看到熟悉骆驼牌香烟商标，即使吸烟没有被提到，他们还是开始吸烟，在这些资助项目中做广告结果是年轻人将会生活在他们周围到处都是吸烟这种环境，当这些广告开始蔓延时，吸烟也就很普通、很平常，对于那些担心吸烟的人这些行为是骇人听闻的，但是对于他们的愤怒，他们却无能为力。
有一些国家试图通过一些法律禁止美国香烟进入他们国家，然而这些障碍收到了来自美方的反对。
它是怎么样报复，美国通过增加销往国外一些产品贸易关税来打击政府，这些行为惩罚了那些想要保护他们那些年轻人国家。
结果是全球年轻的烟民增多，全球香烟的销售骤升，对于美国公司香烟在全球销售量越来越多、越来越高，新的工厂又被建起，而他们有越来越多的世界市场。
阅读一【翻译】在报纸分类栏里，一种新型的广告变得越来越普通。
有时这种广告被放在“situations vacant”招聘专栏，虽然根本没提供给任何人工作。
有时这种广告出现在“situations wanted”招聘栏里，虽然他也没给找工作的人设置职位。
它所做的是为应聘工作提供帮助。
“写申请前联系我们”，或在准备你的简历和工作经历时可以利用我们丰富的工作经验”，这些都是招聘专栏常用语。
这种特别服务的出现和成功反映了当今的高失业率。
这也预示着简历发挥着越来越重要的作用，已成为一种艺术形式。
曾经一度求职人员仅简单书写简历。
我毕业时给毕业生的总体建议是“写下你的姓名，年龄，家庭住址和通过的考试。
”这些仅是开始时用到的，其余的事是需要你在面试时表现得。
在那个时期的全职工作技巧发挥作用。
求职行证明你能书写而且能胜任这份工作，这只是第一步，其余的要靠你面试时的表现。
后来，建立的书写变得更复杂了，你需要写些与众不同之处来突出你的优势。
经常用到的句子如“招聘结束，我是你们最需要的人。
”这是被广泛利用的一个诀窍偶尔会奏效。
或者你可以在你的简历中设计有特色的东西。
然而，毫无疑问的是由于毕业生的增多，需要就业的人数也会增多，所以简历变得越来越重要了。
完形填空【翻译】为了预知天气，许多人去听收音机，看电视或报纸。
但是如果你知道要找什么，你完全可以用自己的常识来预测天气。
有许多迹象都可以帮助你。
比如说，天气晴朗时，气压比较低，空气静止浑浊，远处的东西看起来模模糊糊的。
但当暴风雨来临时，气压上升，并且能清楚地看见的东西。
水手们很早就注意到了这一点，并且还提出了一个谚语：“看的越远，雨就越近”。
你的味觉也可以帮助你预测天气的变化。
下雨之前，气味就会更强，这是因为气味被挤压在高压的中心。
当坏天气来临时，气压减弱，气味就散发出来了。
你也可以听到将要来临的暴风雨，声音穿过乌云返回地面。
一个古老的谚语是这么说的：“声音传得越远，暴风雨就来的越快。
”如果你奶奶可以预知暴风雨的来临，你可别笑啊。
众说周知，温度上升，许多人都会觉得关节痛，气压下降，恶劣天气就要来了。
15单元We Are Not Alone 我们不再孤独丈夫在网球场死于突发心脏病之后，我的世界崩溃了。
我的六个孩子分别只有10岁、9岁、8岁、6岁、3岁和18个月，我被压倒了，要谋生，照顾孩子，我只能使自己免于负债，凑和着活下去。