英汉汉英翻译教程第十章 习语的翻译

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英汉习语翻译

英汉习语翻译

A wolf in sheep’s clothing 披着羊皮的狼. to be on the ice 如履薄冰. to sit on pins and needles 如坐针毡. An ass is known by his ears 见耳识驴it is a sad house where the hen crows louder than the cock()鸡司晨,家之不祥. it’s ill to waken sleeping dogs/ Let sleeping dogs lie 勿惹睡狗. A barking dog is better than a sleeping lion 吠犬不可怕,睡狮难提防. The great fish eat up the small 大鱼吃小鱼. He who rides a tiger is afraid to dismount 骑虎难下. A good horse cannot be of a bad colour 好马无劣色. to be as mild as a lamb 驯如羔羊.合抱之木,生于毫末Great oaks from little acorns grow. 人靠衣服马靠鞍It’s the saddle that makes the horse and the tailor , the man. 旧瓶装新酒new wine in old bottles. 玩火者必自焚He who plays with fire gets burned. 羽毛丰满to become full-fledged. 风驰电掣to pass swiftly like the wind or lighting.The ap ple of one’s eye 掌上明珠. as timid as a hare 胆小如鼠. as strong as a horse 大力如牛. as poor as a church mouse 一贫如洗. Man proposes, God disposes 谋事在人,成事在天. Everyone for himself, God for us all 人人为自己, 老天为大家.A small bird wants but a small nest 燕雀无鸿鹄之志. Take notthe musket to kill a butterfly 杀鸡焉用牛刀. When the cat’s away, the mice will play 山中无老虎,猴子称霸王. You can’t sell the cow and drink the milk 鱼与熊掌不可兼得. Beat the dog before a lion 杀鸡给猴看Love me, love my dog 爱屋及乌. Better be the head of a dog than the tail of lion 宁为鸡口,不为牛后. He killed the goose that laid the golden eggs 杀鸡取卵.A baited cat may grow as fierce as a lion 狗急跳墙. Carrion crows bewail the dead sheep, and then eat them 猫哭耗子假慈悲. castle in the air 空中楼阁. a bolt from the blue 晴天霹雳. six of one and half a dozen of the other 半斤八两. after one’s own heart 正中下怀. kill two birds with one stone 一箭双雕. show the cloven hoof 露出马脚. fish in the air 水中捞月. kick down the ladder 过河拆桥. between the devil and the deep sea 进退维谷.To draw one’s blood 伤人感情,惹人生气. to hang o n sb’s sleeve 依赖某人. to hang on one’s lips 对某人言听计从. to make a monkey of sb 愚弄某人. to bend an ear to 倾听,聚精会神地听. to bury one’s head in the sand 采取鸵鸟政策. to have an axe to grind 别有用心. to talk through one’s hat 胡言乱语. to leave no stone unturned 千方百计不遗余力. to call a spade a spade 直言不讳. to pull one’s leg 愚弄某人,开某人的玩笑. to eat one’s words 被迫收回前言,承认自己说了错话. to be full of beans 精力旺盛,精力充沛. to be like square pegs in round holes 格格不入. a skeleton in the feast 扫兴的人或事物. a fly in the ointment美中不足. with a grain of salt 半信半疑. with one’s tongue in the one’s cheek 说说而已,非诚心诚意.扬眉吐气to feel proud and elated. 灯红酒绿to be dissipated and luxurious. 开门见山to come straight to a point . 单枪匹马to be single-handed in doing sth. 大张旗鼓on a large spectacular scale. 风雨飘摇(of a situation)being unstable. 胸有成竹to have a well-thought-out plan before doing sth. 海阔天空(to talk) at random.四面楚歌to be besieged on all sides. 毛遂自荐to volunteer one’s service. 初出茅庐at the beginning of one’s career. 倾城倾国to be exceedingly beautiful. 罄竹难书(of crimes )too numerous to mention.To spend money like water 花钱如流水/挥金如土. to spring up like mushrooms 如雨后春笋般出现. a stony heart 铁石心肠. at one’s fingertips 了如指掌. to have a hand like a foot 笨手笨脚. as mute as a fish 噤若寒蝉. to shut one’s eyes against to 视若无睹. return good for evil 以德报怨. to turn a deaf ear to充耳不闻. Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧. to face the music 临危不惧. plain sailing 一帆风顺. at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟. to be dead drunk 烂醉如泥. laugh and grow fat 心宽体胖. to fly into a rage 勃然大怒. to look for a needle in a haystack 海底捞针. a leap in the dark 轻举妄动. to show one’s colors 原形毕露. to make a noise in the world 名噪一时More haste, less speed 欲速则不达. neither fish nor flesh 不伦不类. to pick holes in 吹毛求疵. to mind one’s P’s and Q’s 谨言慎行. to be at the end of one’s rope 山穷水尽. to log a dead horse 徒劳无益. to turn over a new deaf 改过自新to put all one’s egg in one basket 孤注一掷. to take French leave 擅自离开. Out of sight, out of mind 久离情疏. to hold the purse string 掌握经济大权. to have forty winks 迷糊了一会儿. to talk black into white 颠倒黑白. to give sb’s the green light 给某人开绿灯. to be armed to the teeth 武装到牙齿. to laugh off one’s head 笑掉牙齿. to be out at elbows 捉襟见肘. to be born with a silver spoon in one’s mouth 生在富贵人家. A rolling stone gather no moss 滚石不生苔.英雄所见略同Great minds think alike. 祸不单行Misfortunes never come alone. 隔篱有眼,隔墙有耳Hedges have eyes, andwalls have ears. 时不待我,岁月无情Time and tide wait for no man. 少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲A young idler, an old beggar. 健康胜于财富Health is better than wealth. 无官一身轻Out of office, out of danger. 居安思危In time of peace prepare for war. 前事不忘,后事之师/前车之覆,后车之鉴The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future. 吃一堑,长一智 A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 新官上任三把火A new broom sweeps clean. 杀鸡儆猴beat the dog before the lion. 班门弄斧teach fish to swim. 一言既出,驷马难追 A word spoken is past recalling. 一朝怕蛇咬,十年怕井绳Once bit, twice shy . 物以类聚,人以群分Birds of a feather flock together. 无风不起浪There is no smoke without fire. 本末倒置put the cart before the horse. 佛要金装,人要衣装Fine feathers make fine birds. 得寸进尺Much will have more. 喧宾夺主The sauce is better than the fish. 挂羊头,卖狗肉He cries wine and sells vinegar 青出于蓝而胜于蓝The pupil outdoes the master. 天涯何处无芳草There are plenty of fish in the sea. 棋逢对手Diamond cut diamond. 拿了收短,吃了嘴软Gifts blind the eye 天下乌鸦一般黑Dogs bite in every country. 滴水穿石Little strokes fell great oaks. 条条大路通罗马All roads lead to Rome. 百川入海,殊途同归All rivers run into the sea. 口蜜腹剑Peace on the forehead and war in themind. 身正不怕影子斜 A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe. 宁为玉碎,不为瓦全It is better to die with honor than to live with shame. 醉翁之意不在酒Many kiss the baby for the nurse’s sake. 不入虎穴,焉得虎子Nothing venture, nothing have. 入乡随俗Do in the Rome as the Romans do. 木已成舟/覆水难收Things done cannot be done. 为人不做亏心事,半夜不怕鬼敲门 A clear conscience is a sure card . 做贼心虚A bad conscience is a snake in one’s heart . 事与愿违All your swans are geese. 天网恢恢,疏而不漏Justice has long arms. 君子之交淡如水A hedge between friendship green. 大智若愚He knows most who speaks least/Still water runs deep. 自食其果As you make the bed, so you must lie in it. 盲目乐观count one’s chickens before they are hatched. 一失足成千古横Short pleasure, long lament. 若要人不知,除非己莫为What is done by night appears by day. 患难与共/有福同享,有难同当stick together through thick and thin. 江山易改,本性难移 A leopard(豹子)cannot change its spots/You cannot make a crab walk straight. 随遇而安Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 天有不测风云,人有旦夕祸福Accidents will happen/Every tide has its ebb. 智者千虑,必有一失The best horse stumbles. 罗马并不是一日建成Rome was not built in a day. 留得青山在,不愁没柴烧The shepherdwould rather lose the wool than the sheep. 小小漏洞沉默大船A little leak will sink a great ship. 心急吃不了热豆腐 A watched pot never boils.。

英语习语的翻译微课[优质ppt]

英语习语的翻译微课[优质ppt]
• 我想给他的杰作稍加几笔,尽管这也许是为百合花上 色,费力不讨好。
THE TECHNIQUES OF TRANSLATING IDIOMS
3.释义法(意译改造法)
• 在直译和加注无法翻译原文习语时可考虑采用释 义法,牺牲原文比喻形象,只保留其意义。
THE TECHNIQUES OF TRANSLATING IDIOMS
3.英语习语与汉语习语看似相同,实则不相同
• pull one's leg • a walking skeleton • eat one's words
欺骗或戏弄某人 骨瘦如柴的人 承认说错;收回前言
THE COMPARISON & CONTRAST
4.英语习语在汉语中找不到相对应的习语
• child's play • soft soap • oil and vinegar
趁热打铁 身教胜于言传 在某人鼻子底下 武装到牙齿 挤得象沙丁鱼罐头
THE TECHNIQUES OF TRANSLATING IDIOMS
1.直译法(对等翻译法)
• I ask you before you play your last card and destroy me, to consider where you will be without me. • 在你们还没有摊出最后一张牌来毁我之前,我请你们好好 想想,没有我,你们的地位会怎样。
非常容易做的事 奉承;讨好的言行举止 截然不同的东西
3
THE TECHNIQUES OF TRANSLATING
IDIOMS
THE TECHNIQUES OF TRANSLATING IDIOMS
直译法
直译加注法

英语专业英译汉 第十章.习语的翻译

英语专业英译汉   第十章.习语的翻译
1 16 返回章重点退出 返回章重点退出
At breakfast, eat like a king. 早饭吃饱。 At lunch, eat like a prince. 中饭吃好。 At supper, eat like a pauper. 晚饭吃少。 Rolling stone gathers no moss. 滚石不生苔(搬家不聚财)。 under the counter (table) 鬼鬼祟祟
1 21 返回章重点退出 返回章重点退出
习语翻译
补充练习
14.I heard my master mounting the stairs —— the cold sweat ran from my forehead: I was horrified.
(Emily Brontë Wuthering Heights) :
1 11 返回章重点退出 返回章重点退出
1. 3 释义法 (Explanation Translation) 释义法是以忠实通顺地表达原习语的思想、内容、 意义为目的,采用解释说明手法,表达原习语在上下 文中的涵义。一般对原文中的习语,不逐字逐句地去 翻译,而是按语义、修辞或句法的需要,增加一些解 释说明的词,补充完善原习语的意思。释义法翻译一 般用在双语文化或语言的差异很大,译入语难以直接 表达的场合。
1 19 返回章重点退出 返回章重点退出
习语翻译
补充练习
6) wash one’s hands of a thing 【译】洗手不干……;与……断绝关系 7) have a ball at one’s foot 【译】有成功的机会 8)to live a cat-and-dog life 【译】过着不和谐的生活(过着猫狗般的生活) 9)to keep one’s head above water 【译】奋力图存;勉强凑合过日 10)When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 【译】到什么山,唱什么歌。(入乡随俗)

汉语习语的英译

汉语习语的英译

LOGO
歇后语类型
一. 比喻式歇后语
二. 双关式歇后语(语义或谐音双关)
LOGO
一.比喻式歇后语处,前面是比喻,后 面是喻意.
例 子 直 译 法
a. 瞎子点灯 -- 白费蜡 b.肉包子打狗--有去无回
对于大多数喻义歇后语 ,由于比喻生动,逻辑合理, 又没有双关词语,因此多采用直译法.既传达原语内 容,又保持原语形象,便于读者欣赏.
LOGO ③. 套译(借用)
• 熟能生巧
• Practice makes perfect
• 眼见为实
• Seeing is believing
形式较为固定 积累、记忆
• 事实胜于雄辩
• Facts speak louder than words
• 瓮中之鳖 like a rat in a hole
• • • • •
LOGO ①. 直译
• 在译文中保留原文习语的比喻形象和民 族色彩的翻译方法。
• 瘦死的骆驼比马大 • A starved camel is bigger than a horse.
(保留形象) (汉语不译文喻意、结构、修辞方式相同)
LOGO ①. Have a try !
(直译)
• After all,what’s done is done. And there’s no point keeping on being angry .
LOGO ③. 套译(借用)
• 汉英两种语言中各有一部分习语在内容、形 式和色彩上都相符合, 它们不但有相同的意 义或隐义, 而且有相同或极为相近的形象和 比喻。翻译汉语成语时,不妨借用这些同义 或者近义的英语习语。
LOGO
二.套译法

《英语习语的翻译》PPT课件

《英语习语的翻译》PPT课件
在你们还没有摊出最后一张牌来毁我之 前,我请你们好好想想,没有我,你们 的地位会怎样。
Johnson obviously knows this street like the back of his hand.
显然约翰逊对这条街了如指掌。
精选课件
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under one’s nose armed to the teeth packed like sardines sour grapes a gentleman’s agreement the Trojan horse the heel of Achilles the sword of Damocles the cold/hot war
None of his children have any love for the old man. They would be pleased if he kicked the bucket tomorrow.
他的子女对老头子全都毫无感情。他们巴不得他明天 就翘辫子。
teach one’s grandma to suck eggs. ([美国俚语];令人讨 厌;蹩脚)
15% percent of the nation's largest companies have installed "golden parachute"* for top
management because of the recent upsurge in
hostile corporate takeover bids.
精选课件
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5)Among so many well-dressed and cultured people the country girl felt like a fish out of water.

汉语习语英译

汉语习语英译

[敷衍搪塞] give someone the runaround别拿话儿搪塞我们。

我们只想知道你到底是同意还是不同意。

Don’t give us the runaround. We’d just like to know whether you agree or not.“拿话儿搪塞”或“敷衍搪塞”的说法可用give someone the runaround的句式来表示。

give someone the runaround实际上指“使某人到处乱转”,即在“找借口”或“托辞”。

这也就相当于“搪塞”所要表达的意思了。

请看下述例句:Sample Sentences1、不要拿话搪塞我,告诉我你到底想不想和我结婚!Don’t give me the runaround. Just tell me if you would marry me or not.2、我跟他借钱,他只是拿话搪塞却分文未借。

I asked him to lend me some money, but I got nothing except the runaround.3、希望这次你能给我个确切的答复,别再拿话搪塞我了。

I’ve come to know the definite answer this time, not the runaround again.[哭穷] to poor-mouth别跟我哭穷了,我还不知道你的底细?Don’t poor-mouth to me . I have your number.汉语中“哭穷”的说法实际上是指一种“掩盖钱财实力”,“装寒酸”的掩饰行为,可用俚语poor-mouth来表示。

例如:每当我要跟他借钱的时候他就跟我哭穷。

He would poor-mouth to me whenever I come to borrow money.此语是个多义词,有时也可用来表示“说话留有余地”的意思。

习语翻译word 版

习语翻译word 版

• a wolf in sheep’s clothing•披着羊皮的狼•to be on thin ice•如履薄冰•to sit on pins and needles•如坐针毡•An ass is known by his ears.•见耳识驴。

•It is a sad house where the hen crows louder than the cock.•牝鸡司晨,家之不祥。

•It’s ill to waken sleeping dogs. / Let sleeping dogs lie.•勿惹睡狗。

• A barking dog is better than a sleeping lion.•吠犬不可怕,睡狮难提防。

•The great fish eat up the small.•大鱼吃小鱼。

•He who rides a tiger is afraid to dismount. 、•骑虎难下。

• A good horse cannot be of a bad colour.•好马无劣色。

•to be as mild as a lamb•驯如羔羊•He who rides a tiger is afraid to dismount. 、•骑虎难下。

•sour grapes•酸葡萄•eye for eye and tooth for tooth•以眼还眼,以牙还牙•bull market•牛市•bear market•熊市•armed to the teeth•武装到牙齿•shed crocodile tears•掉鳄鱼眼泪•tower of ivory•象牙之塔•竭泽而渔•to drain a pond to catch all the fish•打草惊蛇•to stir up the grass and alert the snake•易如反掌•to be as easy as turning over one’s hand对牛弹琴•to play the lute to a cow•守口如瓶•to keep one’s mouth closed like a bottle•雪中送炭•to send charcoal in snowy weather•画蛇添足•to draw a snake and add feet to it声东击西•to shout in the east and strike in the west•井底之蛙•to be like a frog at the bottom of a well•调虎离山•to lure the tiger from the mountain•口蜜腹剑•to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted以上的英语习语或谚语都含有动物意象,都有比喻意义,都有与之相对应的汉语习语或谚语。

英汉习语翻译

英汉习语翻译

除与动物相关的习语外,也有不少与植物相 关的习语。如Beat around the bush 拐弯抹角 该习语可追溯到1500年前,当时一些猎人 雇用一些人(被称为beaters)将小动物赶 出灌木丛,但这些人要小心地将动物在猎人 到来时赶到空地,以便猎人更好地射击。
三、习语的特征
英语习语是人们经过长时间使用提炼出来的 固定短语或短句, 是具有英语民族文化特征 的语言形式。其结构简单,内容丰富,意义 精深,源远流长,有浓厚的民族色彩,民间 广泛使用,约定俗成。 其特征为结构固定性、意义整体性、富于哲 理性,具有民族性。
其中hit below the belt 指攻击腰带以下的 部位。据说在1865年,英国的昆斯伯里伯 爵严格地规定了拳击比赛的规则。其中最严 格的比赛规则是选手不允许击对手腰带以下 的部位。 如今这种规则仍然在拳击比赛中存在,但这 种说法还用来指在其它各种不同的比赛、各 种关系或者活动中不能不择手段,不能暗中 伤人。
3. 源于圣经
《圣经》塑造了西方人的价值观和伦理,要 了解西方文明,就得去读《圣经》。有人统 计,当今世界大约有10亿人把圣经当成他们 的精神食粮。因此,英语语言中有不少习语 来自《圣经》。
(1)Separate the sheep from the goats
区别好坏,分清良莠。在《马太福音》中,对 sheep 与goat 描述为:前者比喻好人,后者比喻 坏人。英语中有关goat的成语,大多贬义。如:to play the goat(瞎胡闹);to get sb's goat (触动肝火)等等。《圣经》说牧羊人要分辨绵羊 和山羊,“把绵羊安置右边,山羊在左边”。据说 野山羊常混进羊群里,引诱绵羊,故牧羊人必须把 它们区分开来,以免混淆。现在,人们用to separate the sheep from the goats这个成语 来比喻to separate the good from the wicked 区别好坏,分清良莠。

《英语习语的翻译》PPT课件

《英语习语的翻译》PPT课件

One’s ability falling short of one’s wish
To rob Peter to pay Paul
四、意译法
In good fight
竞技状态 良好 伤人感情 惹人生气
Rule of thumb
单凭经验来 做的方法
Draw blood
To pull the wool over one’s eyes
扫兴的人 或东西 采取回避 政策
Bury one’s head in the sand
A soldier of fortune
Have a bee in one’s bonnet ( 头饰) Hang on somebody’s lops To have other fish to fry
胡思乱想
人多碍事 食品仓库 老鼠多, 贪食者 病痛多。
大山出小鼠
To put one’s eggs in one basket
孤注一掷
The houses stored with food are full of mice, the bodies of gluttons(食量大的 人) are full of diseases.
“简单的东西” 或 “很容易做的事” 对! Eat one’s words “食言”
错!
对!
“承认自己说了错话”
Dog-eat-dog “狗咬狗” 错! “残酷争夺” 或 “人吃人的事” 对! to go home “回家”
错!
“击中要害” 或 “产生影响” 对!
To wash one’s hand
Be full of beans
To butter someone up
To cry over split milk To have a bone to pick with someone To have a finger in the pie

汉译英--习语翻译PPT课件

汉译英--习语翻译PPT课件

➢ at sixes and sevens, spick and span, then and there
➢ through thick and thin
➢ tit for tat
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
➢ neither fish, flesh or fowl
➢ Care killed the cat.
➢ Money makes the mare to go.
乱七八糟一举彻头彻尾或多或少胡说八道全心全意风雨无阻绰绰有余每况愈下患难与共畅所欲言骄者必败己所不欲勿施于人onestrokethroughthroughmorelessstuffnonsenseheartsoulrainshineenoughgofrombadsharewealsayhaveonessaypridecomesgoesbeforefalldoyouwould归化译法domestication习语汉译英的几种方法二同义习语借用法3有时汉语习语没有比喻但英语同义习语却有若后者比较朴实不具有浓厚的民族或地方色彩也可加以借用
➢ E.g.: 露出马脚,cat’s paw, 开夜车,落花流水,under the weather, lose one’s head, lay heads together
➢ 3、习语是一种相对稳定的词语搭配。通常不能随意改变习语的词序、拆 开或用其他词替换。
➢ E.g.: 雪中送炭,老马识途,乱七八糟(),cast pearls before swine,burn one’s boats, at liberty, A stitch in time saves nine.
➢ Definition of “idiom”:
➢ a group of words that has a special meaning that is different from the ordinary meaning of each separate word.

习语翻译

习语翻译

今回はここで終わり! みなさん、頑張ってね!
青天の霹靂 支離滅裂 薄利多売
良药苦口
良薬は口に苦し
归心似箭
喜出望外 势如破竹 家常便饭 入乡随俗
帰心矢の如し
望外の喜び 破竹の勢い
远亲不如近邻
遠い親類より近い他人
有其父必有其子 日常茶飯事 郷に入っては郷に従え この親にしてこの子あり
3.形异意等的熟语
人に迷惑をかけても澄ました顔をしている
现在我们的古典文学研究中为了某一
古人的一件无甚意义的琐事,花费大 量的精力、时间去考证,甚至进行无
休止的争论,实在是小题大做。
現在、私たちの古典文学研究において
は、古人の意味もない些細なことのため に多くのエネルギーと時間を費やして考
証し、そのあげく際限のない論争をする
天壤之别:天地の差、月とすっぽん、雲泥の差
五十步笑百步:五十歩百歩の違い、五十歩百歩、目 糞鼻糞を笑う、猿の尻笑い 虎视眈眈: 虎视眈眈地寻找着攻击的机会
虎視眈々と攻撃のチャンスをねらう
各家商社都虎视眈眈地寻找抢手商品
各商社は鵜(う)の目鷹(めたか)の目(め)で売れ筋商品 をさがしている
今回の試験は自分に対して自信が持てず、
失敗したら面目がないと心配だったので、事
前に騒ぐ勇気がなかったのです。それが目の
見えない猫が死んだねずみにぶつかるような
もので、思いがけず幸運にも合格したのです。
本当に不可思議です。 棚から牡丹餅 碰运气考上了 まぐれあたりで合格する/
俗话说:“人靠衣服马靠鞍”。恰到好处
ら、僕らのほうは霞を食って生きろとでも言うのか
い!?」夫婦は口論を始めた。姑はそれを聞いて火 に油を注いだように怒り、あげくの果て、家中誰もって生きると信じられた ことから〕俗世間を超越して生きる。

习语的翻译(汉英)

习语的翻译(汉英)

3. 意译法: 牺牲形象, 割舍文化因子
胸有成竹 To have a well-thought-out经过周详之考虑的 plan before doing sth 桃李满天下 To have students all over the world 叶公好龙 Professed love of what one really fears 东施效颦 Crude imitation with ludicrous荒谬的effect 南柯一梦 A fond dream or illusory joy 四面楚歌 To be besieged on all sides
改变形式的五个条件
直译会导致意义上的错误时; 引入外来语形成语义空白(Semantic Zero),读者有可能自己填入错误的意 义时; 形式对等引起严重的意义晦涩时; 形式对等引起作者原意所没有的歧义时; 形式对等违反译入语的语法或文体规范 时。
习语汉译英的原则
形象性原则 简练性原则 不可滥用字面意义直译法 尽量少用意译法和直译加注法
•掌上明珠 •A pearl in the palm •The apple of one’s eye •守口如瓶 •To keep one’s mouth closed like a bottle •To keep a still tongue in one’s head •雪中送炭 •To send charcoal in snowy weather •To help a lame dog over stile横路栅栏 •画蛇添足 •To draw a snake and add feet to it •To paint the lily
3)不借用形象或比喻的, 可放心借用 迂回曲折 twists and turns 断断续续 off and on 乱七八糟 at sixes and sevens 挖空心思 to rack one’s brains 针锋相对 to give tit for tat

《英汉习语翻译》PPT课件

《英汉习语翻译》PPT课件

(3) A dog in the manger
源于《伊索寓言》,说的是一条狗一天睡在 放有稻草的马槽里,狗是不吃草的动物,而 当马或牛一走进稻草时,这条狗却朝着马或 牛狂吠,不准食草动物享用。该习语用来讽 刺那些占据着职位却不做事的人或那些自私 的人占有某些东西,却不使用,又不肯与人 分享。
(2)keep one’s powder dry (保持火 药干燥)
出自十七世纪,英国独裁政客奥利弗·克伦 威尔(Oliver Cromwell)出征爱尔兰,渡 河攻击前对部队说“Put your trust in God;but be sure to keep your powder dry。”(笃信上帝,但不要忘记, 保持火药干燥)现用来指“做好准备”、 “有备无患”。
2. 源于寓言故事
寓言起源于民间口头创作,多采用以小喻大、 借古喻今的创作手法,把复杂深刻的道理寄 寓在浅显的故事中,后来发展成为文学创作 中的一种体裁。英语许多习语就是出自这些 寓言故事并流传至今。
(1)fish in troubled waters
出自《伊索寓言·击水的渔夫》,渔夫在河里拦河 张网捕鱼,用麻绳缠住石块,再不停地打击河水, 吓得鱼群仓皇逃窜,都钻进了他的网中。附近的一 个人见到后,指责他这样把河水弄浑,大家都没清 水喝了。渔夫回答说:“若不搅浑河水,我就非饿 死不可。”因此,人们常用to fish in troubled waters 比喻趁乱去为自己捞取好处。在英语中, to fish in troubled waters 也可写成to fish in the muddy wate圣经
《圣经》塑造了西方人的价值观和伦理,要 了解西方文明,就得去读《圣经》。有人统 计,当今世界大约有10亿人把圣经当成他们 的精神食粮。因此,英语语言中有不少习语 来自《圣经》。

习语的翻译 ppt课件

习语的翻译  ppt课件
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
PPT课件
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• 习语、引语的翻译主要靠译员两种语言的 扎实功底,包括对两种语言的词汇、文学、 文化背景知识的丰富积累和口译技巧的熟 练掌握。习语的翻译主要有三种方法:直 译、直译与转换相结合和意译法。
PPT课件
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1.直译法
• 对结构和意义上完全对应的习语应采用对 等直译法。把原语的习俗、比喻移植到译 入语中,这样既能确切地表达原意,又能 保留原语生动、形象、鲜明的民族色彩。
• 卧薪尝胆
• to sleep on brushwood and taste gall-----to undergo selfimposed hardships so as to strengthen one’s resolve to wipe out a national humility;
• to endure hardships to accomplish some ambition
It takes two to make a quarrel. 一个巴掌拍不响。
As a man sows,so he shall reap. 种瓜得瓜, 种豆得豆。
Don‘t wash your dirty linen in public. 家丑不可外扬。
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.
• 旧的不去,新的不来。
• Carve your name on hearts but not on marbles.
• 把你的名字刻在人们的心上,而不是大理石上。
• Time is money; trust is gold.
to put the cart before the horse

习语的来源及翻译(英汉对照)

习语的来源及翻译(英汉对照)

习语的来源金清中学张奎Summary:As one of the most important language forms, idiom has experienced a long period of history. It comes from the conclusion of human being’s experience of existence, the thinking of human nature, and the attitude towards human life. The cultural characteristics of the idioms have a closed relation to the meaningful and abundant original. There are lots of idioms reflected the different characteristics of geographical environment between China and Britain; and exist many idioms which are produced from the literal works with its own characteristics of the two countries; and the life custom, thinking conceptions etc. of the two natives have been reflected by those lively idioms. Sometimes, the similar life experience and recognization of the two natives show the similar cultural characteristics by some idioms to some extend. The cultural communication between the two countries have also brought about many meaningful idioms. But this is just the small part in the numbers. However, the other great number of idioms show the quite different language customs and cultural characteristics between the two countries.关键词文化背景语言习语熟语信息度有效度一个民族既有自己的语言,又有自己的文化。

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第十章 习语的翻译
10.5 折中译法 10.6 略译法、补译法、直 译加注法 10.7 不含文化意象的习语
一、折中译法
中英文化差异导致语言表达上的悬 殊,是的许多习语无法使用异化或归化 译法进行翻译,勉强使用的话,只会产 生风格不符和意义扭曲等问题,读者无 法理解和接受。在这种情况下只好退而 求其次,使用折中译法,化去原文中的 意象,译出其核心意义,这种译法文珊
高志娟
陈春柳
• 牛海绵状脑病(Bovine spongiform encephalopathy,简称BSE),俗称疯牛 病(mad cow disease),是由传染因子引 起的牛的一种进行性神经系统的传染性疾 病,是一种传染性海绵状脑病。该病的主 要特征是牛脑发生海绵状病变,并伴随大 脑功能退化,临床表现为神经错乱、运动 失调、痴呆和死亡。
• 4.Even before they were acquainted, he had admired Osborn in secret. Now he was his valet, his dog, his man Friday. • 他没有认识奥斯本之前,已经暗暗佩服他。 如今便成了他的听差,他的狗,他的忠仆 星期五。 • 星期五(Friday)是《鲁滨逊漂流记》故事 中Robinson Crusoe的忠实奴仆。
Examples:
• 1.“三十六计,走为上计”应译为 The best stratagem is to quit, 因为英美人不 知道中国古代兵法有著名的“三十六计”, 如果译成Of the thirty-six stratagems, the best is to quit,英美读者可能会纠缠在thirtysix这个数字上,造成误解。 • 2.“一朝一夕”译为overnight
(中译英)
5.有鼻子有眼儿 with every detail vividly described 6.打开天窗说亮话 frankly speaking 7.大智若愚 A truly wise person does not show off his/her ability. 8.雪中送炭 provide timely help
三、补译法
• 补译法就是在直译的基础上,适当补充一 些原文所隐含的文化信息,以帮助读者理 解可能因为直译而难以理解的译文。
Example:
三个臭皮匠,顶个诸葛亮。 Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Chukeh Liang, the master mind.
the master mind 就是对诸葛亮进行了解释性 的补译,因为诸葛亮不仅仅是一个人名, 而实际上象征了智慧。
四、直译加注法
• 在文学性很强的作品中,如果彻底化掉了 原文生动的意象,是翻译的一种缺憾。在 上下文许可的情况下,可以使用直译加注 法,即直译原文的习语和意象,同时在文 后加上注释。注释可长可短,既可采用文 中注释,也可采用脚注,还可二者合用。
一头已感染牛海棉状脑 病的母牛已无法站立
歇后语也可以采用略译法。歇后语是汉 语特有的一种习语,有许多严格地说是不可 译的,翻译时常常必须舍弃原文的形式和字 面的意义,即略去前半句,而译出后半句所 隐含的意义。如“外甥打灯笼,照舅 (旧)”,省去前半句,只译成do/will not change one bit。
Examples :
1.小葱拌豆腐,一清二白。 very clearly 2.狗拿耗子,多管闲事。 be a busy body 3.竹篮打水,一场空。 all is lost
另外,人名、地名等成为文化意象后往往 带有浓厚的民族文化气息,这种习语大都源自 历史、典故等,本族文化的人一看便心领神会, 但却有“不足为外人道”者,因此除少数特例 (如“条条道路通罗马”),这类习语多数只 能采用折中译法。
Examples: (英译中)
1.have too many irons in the fire 同时要办的事太多 2.the long and the short of it 总的意思 3.have an digestion of an ostrich 消化力强 4.An old dog will not learn new tricks. 老人学不了新东西。
Examples :
• • • • • • 1.mad-cow diseases 疯牛病(牛海棉状脑病)幻灯片 13 2.tree hugger 紧抱树干的人(极端环境保护者) 3.sandwich generation 三明治人(既要照顾孩子又要照顾老人的 人)
• 4.While it may seem to be painting the lily, I should like to add somewhat to Mr. Alistair Cooke's excellent article. • 我想给阿利斯太尔· 库克先生的杰作稍加几笔, 尽管这也许是为百合花上色,费力不讨好。 • 在西方人眼里,百合花是高贵、贞洁、美丽 的象征,故为百合花上色自然是做徒劳无益 之事。
• 5.I am as poor as Job, my lord, but not so patient. • 我像约伯一样穷的,大人,可是却没有他 那样的好耐心。 • 在《圣经》中,约伯以忍耐贫穷著称。
• 6.东施效颦 • Dong Shi imitating Xi Shi • Xi Shi was a famous beauty in the ancient Chinese kingdom of Yue. Dong Shi was an ugly girl who tried to imitate her ways.
二、略译法
• 略译法实际上类似于折中译法,是一 种不得已的妥协。 • 有时一条习语的一部分涉及到特定的 文化内容或典故,若简单地使用异化依法, 译入语读者往往难以领会或会受到误导。 如果译入语中又找不到现成的习语进行归 划翻译的话,就要使用略译法,将涉及到 特定文化内容的那部分略去,只译出对译 文读者来说意义明确的那一部分。
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