八年级英语下册Module8Timeoff模块语法聚焦八练习外研版

Module 8 Time off

引导的宾语从句

1．I can hardly believe we're in the city centre.

我几乎无法相信我们是在市中心。

2．I'm sure it'll be fantastic to see the city from the top.

我确信从山顶看这座城市将会很棒。

3．I don't think they allow people to swim in the lake.

我认为他们不允许人们在湖里游泳。

3．I think it's better to have our picnic at the top of the hill.

我认为在山顶上野餐更好。

4．We thought somebody was moving about.

我们认为有人在四处走动。

5．Lingling's uncle said that it was wrong to pull leaves off plants and that we should protect everything here.

玲玲的叔叔说从植物上扯叶子是不对的，我们应该保护这里的一切。

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宾语从句是用来充当宾语的句子。带有宾语从句的那个句子叫主句。宾语从句一般由“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”构成，其语序是陈述语序。

1．引导词that

that引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，用于陈述一件事情，that无意义，在口语或非正式文体中可以省略。例如：

He wants to speak to the headmaster. He says. (合并为复合句)

→He says (that) he wants to speak to the headmaster. 他说他想和校长谈话。

注意：当从句前面有插入语时，引导词 that不能省略；如果有两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个从句的引导词that也不能省略。例如：

She may tell you, for example, that she is interested in Chinese.

她可能会告诉你，例如，她对汉语感兴趣。

Mr Read said (that) he taught English in a middle school in Beijing and that he came from Australia.

里德先生说他在北京的一所中学教英语，他来自澳大利亚。

2．主句谓语动词的使用

当主句的谓语动词是say, know, think, hear, hope, wish, believe, tell, remember, forget等时，或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid, glad, sure, sorry等构成的系表结构时，后面常接that引导的宾语从句。例如：

I think that we need to buy some meat for the party.

我认为我们需要为聚会买些肉。

I'm sure (that) she'll write to me.

我确信她会给我写信的。

3．宾语从句时态的选择

(1)当主句时态是一般现在时或一般将来时时，宾语从句可以根据需要使用各种时态。

(2)当主句时态是一般过去时时，宾语从句用表示过去的某种时态，变化如下：

一般现在时→一般过去时

一般将来时→过去将来时

现在进行时→过去进行时

现在完成时→过去完成时

例如：

We hope you'll have a very happy year in our class.

我们希望你能在我们班度过非常快乐的一年。

He said that he was mending his bike at that time. 他说那时候他正在修理他的自行车。

提醒：若从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象等，从句的时态不受主句时态的限制，用一般现在时。例如：

Yesterday the teacher told us that 25 December is Christmas Day.

老师昨天告诉我们12月25日是圣诞节。

4．宾语从句的否定转移

当主句的谓语动词是think, guess, believe, suppose等，且主句的主语为第一人称时，若后面的宾语从句表示否定概念，一般将否定词not转移到主句的谓语中，这种现象叫“否定转移”。例如：

我认为鸡不会游泳。

误：I think chickens cannot swim.

正：I don't think chickens can swim.

注意：在上述情况下变为反意疑问句时，附加疑问部分要看从句；如果主句的主语不是第一人称，则附加疑问部分要看主句。试比较：

I think he is wrong, isn't he?

He thinks he is right, doesn't he?

Ⅰ.单项填空

( )1.Our teacher told us ________ there ________ twelve months in a year.

A．which; are B．that; are

C．that; were D．when; were

( )2.I know ________ I promised to take you to dinner, but I won't finish working until ten o'clock.

A．that B．if C．what D．why