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中国古代成语故事 The idiom story
东施效颦
• • In the Spring and Autumn Period , there was a beauty in the State of Yue called Xishi She often suffered from pains in her chest, and so she would often walk around doubled over and with her brows knitted.There was an ugly girl in the village called Dongshi who envied XishI.Striving to emulate Xishi, she imitated her stoop, knitting her brows at the same time.She thought that this made her elegant, but in fact, it only made her more ugly. Later, this idiom came to be used to indicate improper imitation that produces the reverse effect.
画蛇添上脚：比喻增添多余的东西。
•
滥竽充数
• During the Warring States Period (475-221BC), the King of the State of Qi was very fond of listening to yu ensembles. He often got together 300 yu players to form a grand music. The king treated his musician very well. A man named Nanguo heard about that and he managed to become a member of the band, even though he wan not good at playing the instrument at all. Whenever the band played for the king, Nanguo just stood in the line and pretended to play. Nobody realized he was making no sound at all. As a result, he enjoyed his treatment just as the other musician did. When the king died, his son became the new ruler who also liked the music played on the yu. However, he preferred solos so that he ordered the musicians to play the yu one by one. Therefore, Nanguo had to run out of the palace. the idiom "Be there just to make up the number" is used to mock someone who passes for a specialist. You can also hear people saying it about themselves to show their modesty. 战国时，齐宣王喜欢听竽，通常是三百人的大合奏。因为他给予乐师非常优厚的 待遇，所以一个叫南郭的人尽管并不擅长吹竽，也设法混进乐队。当乐队演奏时， 他就站在队伍里假装也在吹。没有人注意到其实他连一点声音也没吹出来，所以 南郭也享受到和其他乐师一样的待遇。宣王死后，他的儿子继承了王位。他也喜 欢听竽，可是他喜欢听独奏，让乐师一个个吹给他听，于是南郭不得不逃跑了。 "滥竽充数"这个成语用来嘲笑那些没有真正才干，混在行家里的人。 人们有时也 用"滥竽充数"来表示自谦
•
•
传说春秋时期，越国有一美女，名唤西施但是西施有心口疼的毛病， 所以她经常手捂胸口，皱着眉头走着。村子里还住着一位丑姑娘， 叫做东施，她十分嫉妒西施。于是东施时常效仿西施，手捂胸口， 紧皱眉头。东施觉得她效仿西施就会变得很美丽，但是实际上，只 会使她变得更难看而已。这个典故比喻不恰当的模仿，带来相反的 效果
守株待兔
• In the Spring and Autumn Period, a farmer in the State of Song was one day working in the fields when he saw a rabbit bump into a tree stump（树 桩） accidentally and break its neck. The farmer took the rabbit home, and cooked himself a delicious meal. That night he thought, 'I needn't work so hard. All I have to do is wait for a rabbit each day by the stump.' So from then on he gave up farming, and simply sat by the stump waiting for rabbits to come and run into it. This idiom satirizes those who just wait for a stroke of luck, rather than making efforts to obtain what they need. 宋国有个农夫正在田里翻土。突然，他看见有一只野兔从旁边的草丛里慌慌 张张地窜出来，一头撞在田边的树墩子上，便倒在那儿一动也不动了。农民 走过去一看：兔子死了。因为它奔跑的速度太快，把脖子都撞折（Leabharlann Baiduhé ）了。 农民高兴极了，他一点力气没花，就白捡了一只又肥又大的野兔。他心想； 要是天天都能捡到野兔，日子就好过了。从此，他再也不肯出力气种地了。 每天，他把锄头放在身边，就躺在树墩子跟前，等待着第二只、第三只野兔 自己撞到这树墩子上来。世上哪有那么多便宜事啊。农民当然没有再捡到撞 死的野兔，而他的田地却荒芜了。 这个成语用来讽刺那些坐等机遇的人，而不是通过努力而获取他们的所需。
•
•
楚国有一家人，祭过了祖宗之後，便将一壶祭祀时用的酒，留给办事人员喝。办事 人员很多，仅仅一壶酒，到底给谁喝呢？有人提议让每人在地上画一条蛇，谁画得 快画得好，就把这壶酒给他。大家都认为这办法很好。有一个人很快就把蛇画好了。 这壶酒就归他所得。这时，他回头看别人，都没有画好，就得意扬扬地说："你们画 得好慢呀ⅵ等我再画上几只脚吧ⅵ"正在他画蛇脚的时候，另一个人已经把蛇画好了。 那人把酒壶夺了过去说："蛇是没有脚的，你怎麽画上了脚？"说罢，就喝起酒来。
•
•
This idiom refers to the value of experience.
春秋时，齐桓公与大臣等仲、隰朋进攻孤竹国，回来时迷了路。管 促说：老马能识途。于是让老马在前面走，大家跟着，果然找到了 归路。见《韩非子· 说林上》。后以"老马识途"等喻富有经验或富有 经验的人。汪赵执信《为求书者所苦戏题长句》："诸君且休共和谈， 老马识途犹尚堪。
• •
•
画蛇添足
• In the Warring States Period, a man in the state of Chu was offering a sacrifice （祭品） to his ancestors. After the ceremony, the man gave a beaker of wine to his servants. The servants thought that there was not enought wine for all of them, and decided to each draw a picture of snake; the one who finished the picture first would get the wine. One of them drew very rapidly. Seeing that the others were still busy drawing, he added feet to the snake. At this moment, another man finished, snatched the beaker（烧杯，大口杯） and drank the wine, saying,"A snake doesn't have feet. How can you add feet to a snake?" This idiom refers to ruining a venture by doing unnecessary and surplus things.
老马识途
• In the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Huan of Qi led an army to attack a small state in the north. They went in spring when green grass covered the ground. But when they came back it was winter. Everywhere was white with snow and the wind was howbing. The troops lost their way. While everybody was worrying, Guan Zhong, the Duke's chief minister, suggested:"An old horse may know the way." So the duke ordered several old horses to be selected to lead the army. Finally, they found the way back home.
•
•
•
THANK YOU !
审计2班 钟丽娜 201210030212
东施效颦
• • In the Spring and Autumn Period , there was a beauty in the State of Yue called Xishi She often suffered from pains in her chest, and so she would often walk around doubled over and with her brows knitted.There was an ugly girl in the village called Dongshi who envied XishI.Striving to emulate Xishi, she imitated her stoop, knitting her brows at the same time.She thought that this made her elegant, but in fact, it only made her more ugly. Later, this idiom came to be used to indicate improper imitation that produces the reverse effect.
画蛇添上脚：比喻增添多余的东西。
•
滥竽充数
• During the Warring States Period (475-221BC), the King of the State of Qi was very fond of listening to yu ensembles. He often got together 300 yu players to form a grand music. The king treated his musician very well. A man named Nanguo heard about that and he managed to become a member of the band, even though he wan not good at playing the instrument at all. Whenever the band played for the king, Nanguo just stood in the line and pretended to play. Nobody realized he was making no sound at all. As a result, he enjoyed his treatment just as the other musician did. When the king died, his son became the new ruler who also liked the music played on the yu. However, he preferred solos so that he ordered the musicians to play the yu one by one. Therefore, Nanguo had to run out of the palace. the idiom "Be there just to make up the number" is used to mock someone who passes for a specialist. You can also hear people saying it about themselves to show their modesty. 战国时，齐宣王喜欢听竽，通常是三百人的大合奏。因为他给予乐师非常优厚的 待遇，所以一个叫南郭的人尽管并不擅长吹竽，也设法混进乐队。当乐队演奏时， 他就站在队伍里假装也在吹。没有人注意到其实他连一点声音也没吹出来，所以 南郭也享受到和其他乐师一样的待遇。宣王死后，他的儿子继承了王位。他也喜 欢听竽，可是他喜欢听独奏，让乐师一个个吹给他听，于是南郭不得不逃跑了。 "滥竽充数"这个成语用来嘲笑那些没有真正才干，混在行家里的人。 人们有时也 用"滥竽充数"来表示自谦
•
•
传说春秋时期，越国有一美女，名唤西施但是西施有心口疼的毛病， 所以她经常手捂胸口，皱着眉头走着。村子里还住着一位丑姑娘， 叫做东施，她十分嫉妒西施。于是东施时常效仿西施，手捂胸口， 紧皱眉头。东施觉得她效仿西施就会变得很美丽，但是实际上，只 会使她变得更难看而已。这个典故比喻不恰当的模仿，带来相反的 效果
守株待兔
• In the Spring and Autumn Period, a farmer in the State of Song was one day working in the fields when he saw a rabbit bump into a tree stump（树 桩） accidentally and break its neck. The farmer took the rabbit home, and cooked himself a delicious meal. That night he thought, 'I needn't work so hard. All I have to do is wait for a rabbit each day by the stump.' So from then on he gave up farming, and simply sat by the stump waiting for rabbits to come and run into it. This idiom satirizes those who just wait for a stroke of luck, rather than making efforts to obtain what they need. 宋国有个农夫正在田里翻土。突然，他看见有一只野兔从旁边的草丛里慌慌 张张地窜出来，一头撞在田边的树墩子上，便倒在那儿一动也不动了。农民 走过去一看：兔子死了。因为它奔跑的速度太快，把脖子都撞折（Leabharlann Baiduhé ）了。 农民高兴极了，他一点力气没花，就白捡了一只又肥又大的野兔。他心想； 要是天天都能捡到野兔，日子就好过了。从此，他再也不肯出力气种地了。 每天，他把锄头放在身边，就躺在树墩子跟前，等待着第二只、第三只野兔 自己撞到这树墩子上来。世上哪有那么多便宜事啊。农民当然没有再捡到撞 死的野兔，而他的田地却荒芜了。 这个成语用来讽刺那些坐等机遇的人，而不是通过努力而获取他们的所需。
•
•
楚国有一家人，祭过了祖宗之後，便将一壶祭祀时用的酒，留给办事人员喝。办事 人员很多，仅仅一壶酒，到底给谁喝呢？有人提议让每人在地上画一条蛇，谁画得 快画得好，就把这壶酒给他。大家都认为这办法很好。有一个人很快就把蛇画好了。 这壶酒就归他所得。这时，他回头看别人，都没有画好，就得意扬扬地说："你们画 得好慢呀ⅵ等我再画上几只脚吧ⅵ"正在他画蛇脚的时候，另一个人已经把蛇画好了。 那人把酒壶夺了过去说："蛇是没有脚的，你怎麽画上了脚？"说罢，就喝起酒来。
•
•
This idiom refers to the value of experience.
春秋时，齐桓公与大臣等仲、隰朋进攻孤竹国，回来时迷了路。管 促说：老马能识途。于是让老马在前面走，大家跟着，果然找到了 归路。见《韩非子· 说林上》。后以"老马识途"等喻富有经验或富有 经验的人。汪赵执信《为求书者所苦戏题长句》："诸君且休共和谈， 老马识途犹尚堪。
• •
•
画蛇添足
• In the Warring States Period, a man in the state of Chu was offering a sacrifice （祭品） to his ancestors. After the ceremony, the man gave a beaker of wine to his servants. The servants thought that there was not enought wine for all of them, and decided to each draw a picture of snake; the one who finished the picture first would get the wine. One of them drew very rapidly. Seeing that the others were still busy drawing, he added feet to the snake. At this moment, another man finished, snatched the beaker（烧杯，大口杯） and drank the wine, saying,"A snake doesn't have feet. How can you add feet to a snake?" This idiom refers to ruining a venture by doing unnecessary and surplus things.
老马识途
• In the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Huan of Qi led an army to attack a small state in the north. They went in spring when green grass covered the ground. But when they came back it was winter. Everywhere was white with snow and the wind was howbing. The troops lost their way. While everybody was worrying, Guan Zhong, the Duke's chief minister, suggested:"An old horse may know the way." So the duke ordered several old horses to be selected to lead the army. Finally, they found the way back home.
•
•
•
THANK YOU !
审计2班 钟丽娜 201210030212