(2021年整理)中国政治英语词汇

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(第一课) 讀中文做口譯
中国政体与国策
I. 中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 中国共产党中央委员会总书记General secretary of the Central Party Committee
中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CP 中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Party Committee
中央军事委员会Central Military Commission of the CPC （总后勤部 the General Logistics Department） (第二炮兵司令部 the Headquarters of the 2nd Artillery Corps) （中国人民警察the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force) (国民自卫队 the Militia）
中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC 中央宣传部Publicity Department， CCCPC
中央统一战线部United Front Work Department， CCCPC
中央对外联络部International Liaison Department, CCCPC
中央政法委员会Committee of Political and Legislative Affairs， CCCPC
中央党校Party School of the CPC
中央档案馆Archives Bureau, CCCPC
II。

中国人民政治协商会议the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference
中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会the National Committee of the CPPCC
中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local Committees
III。

中华人民共和国中央政府the Central People’s Government of the PRC 中华人民共和国主席 President of PRC
中央政府和地方各级政府 the Central government and local governments at different levels
直辖市 Municipality 省会 Provincial Capital 自治区 Autonomous Region 国家机构 State Structure
（1)全国人民代表大会 the National People’s Congress （NPC）
全国人大代表 deputy to the NPC 全国人大代表团 delegation of the NPC 全国人大常务委员会委员长 Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee
全国人大主席团 the NPC Presidium
九届全国人大四次会议the Fourth Session of the Ninth National People's Congress
人大代表资格审查委员会 Deputy Credential Examination Committee
人大秘书长Secretary—general of the NPC
地方人民代表大会Local People’s Congress
（2)国务院 the State Council 国务院总理 the Premier of the State Council 国务院副总理 the Vice—Premier of the State Council
国务委员 the State Councilor 国务院部长 the Minister
中国银行行长Governor of the People’s Bank of China
审计署署长 Auditor-General of the National Audit Office
国务院所属机构
(Ministries，Commissions，administrations and offices under the State
Council）
1. 外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs 国防部 Ministry of National Defense
公安部 Ministry of Public Security 安全部 Ministry of State Security 监察部 Ministry of Supervision 民政部 Ministry of Civil Affairs 司法部 Ministry of Justice 财政部 Ministry of Finance
人事部 Ministry of Personnel 水利部Ministry of Water Resources
卫生部 Ministry of Health 商务部 Ministry of Commerce
劳动保障部 Ministry of Labor and Social Security
国土资源部 Ministry of Land and Resources
信息产业部 Ministry of Information Industry
2。

人口计生委 State Population and Family Planning Commission 发展改革委 State Development and Reform Commission
国防科工委 State Commission of Science， Technology and Industry for National Defense
国家民委 State Ethnic Affairs Commission
国资委Commission of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration
银监会 China Banking Regulatory Commission
证监会 China Securities Regulatory Commission
保监会 China Insurance Regulatory Commission
电监会 State Electricity Regulatory Commission
3. 海关总局 General Administration of Customs
税务总局 State Administration of Taxation
工商总局 State Administration for Industry and Commerce
质检总局 General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine
环保总局 State Environmental Protection Administration
民航总局General Administration of Civil Aviation
广电总局 State Administration of Radio, Film and Television
安全监管总局 State Administration of Work Safety
食品药品监管局 State Food and Drug Administration
国管局 Government Offices Administration of the State Council
烟草局 State Tobacco Monopoly Administration
外专局 State Administration of Foreign Experts Affair
保密局 National Administration for the Protection of State Secrets
统计局 National Bureau of Statistics
林业局 State Forestry Administration
旅游局 National Tourism Administration
知识产权局 State Intellectual Property Office
地震局 China Earthquake Administration
气象局 China Meteorological Administration
信访局 State Bureau for Letters and Calls
粮食局 State Administration of Grain
海洋局 State Oceanic Administration
测绘局 State Bureau of Surveying ＆ Mapping
档案局 State Archives Administration
外汇局 State Administration of Foreign Exchange
新闻出版总署(版权局) General administration of Press and Publication （National Copyright Administration）
4. 侨办 Overseas Chinese Affairs Office 国研室 Research Office
港澳办 Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office 新闻办 Information Office 法制办 Legislative Affairs Office 台办 Taiwan Affairs Office
社保基金会 National Council for Social Security Fund
自然科学基金会 National Natural Science Foundation
（3） a。

最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court(SPC)
最高人民法院院长 the President of the SPC
审判长 the presiding judge
审判委员会 the Trial Committee 审判机关 the Trial Organ
第一刑事法庭 the First Criminal Court 民事法庭 the Civil Court
b.最高人民检察院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate
最高人民检察院检察长 the Procurator—general of the SPP
最高人民检察院副检察长 the Deputy Procurator—general
（4)香港特别行政区政府 Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
澳门特别行政区政府 Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region
(5）.民主党派 Democratic Party
中国国民党革命委员会（民革）Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang
中国民主同盟（民盟）China Democratic League
中国民主建国会（民建）China Democratic National Construction Association 中国民主促进会(民进）China Association Promoting Democracy
中国农工民主党Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party
中国致公党China Zhi Gong Dang 九三学社Jiu San Society
台湾民主自治同盟（台盟)Taiwan Democratic self-government
二．口译政治用语和国策
宪法 Constitution 国旗 National flag: Red flag with five stars 国徽 National emblem： Tiananmen Gate—tower under five stars， encircled by ears of grain and with a gear wheel below
国歌 National anthem： March of the Volunteers 党章 Party Constitution 1. 党的三代中央领导集体创建了毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民“三个代表"重要思想,从而在民族独立和人民解放的基础上为中华民族的伟大复兴开启了建设有中国特色的社会主义的伟大事业。

The collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the three generations has create Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory，Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s” important Thought， thereby embarking on the great cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics on the foundation of national independence and the liberation of the people for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
2. 中国共产党十一届三中全会制定了改革开放的国策以及党在社会主义初级阶段
的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领,在经济体制改革和政治体制改革的过程中不断提升我国的综合国力和国内生产总值。

The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has made the state policies of reform and opening to the outside and the basic theory， line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism with our aggregate national strength and the annual gross domestic product（GDP） ever-growing in the process of reforms in the economic and political structure.
3。

世界各国人民很高兴地看到，中国一贯奉行谋求独立自主，世界和平的外交政。

The peoples of the world are glad to see that China has been in the consistent pursuit of an independent foreign policy of world peace.
4．以胡锦涛同志为核心的党中央始终遵循马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相的原则，不断加强和改进党的建设，增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力.
The Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jin-tao as the core always keeps to the
fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China, and makes every endeavor to strengthen and improve Party building， continuously enhance the creativity， rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality
5. “三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前
进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。

“Three Represent’s” shows that our Party must always represent the
requirements of the development of China's advanced productive forces， the orientation of the development of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China, they are the foundation for building the Party， the cornerstone for its exercise of state power and a source of its strengthen，only by doing so can we really ensure that our Party always stand in the forefront of the time and maintain its advanced nature
6. 中国共产党是工人阶级的先锋队。

The Communist Party of China is the vanguard of the working class.
7. 科学技术是第一生产力。

Science and technology are the primary productive force.
8. 青年应成为有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民为促进社会主义物质文明和精神文明作贡献。

Youth should become the citizens with lofty ideals, moral integrity， better education and good sense of discipline, contributing to material and spiritual civilizations of socialism.
9。

对一个生活在现代社会的人来说，培养个人的自立意识、竞争意识、效率意识、民主法制意识和开拓创新意识必需的.It is a must for one to foster individual sense of self—reliance， competition， efficiency， democracy，the legal system, and the pioneering and innovative spirit.
10. 科教兴国战略是一项长期的国策。

The strategy of invigorating the country
through science and education is a long term state policy。

11. 中国现代社会倡导爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想，全心全意为人民服务、
立党为公、执政为民，反对和抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端个人主义等腐朽思想。

The modern society of China advocates patriotism，collectivism and socialism， serving the people heart and soul， working for the public and assuming power for the people, and combats and resists decadent ideas of money worship， hedonism， ultra—egoism.
12. 我们要解放思想、实事求是，反对主观主义、形而上学。

We must try to emancipate our mind, seek truth from the facts to combat subjectivism，metaphysics。

13．没有公开、公平、竞争、择优的商务投标,此次商务招商是不会奏效的。

Without the open and fair business bid based on competition and merits, this business tender would not yield any desirable result.
小康社会、小康生活well—to-do society, well—to-do life
14。

虽然仍处在社会主义初级阶段，已过上小康生活的中国人民正携手努力建设一个更加全面的小康社会而奋斗。

Still in the primary stage of socialism，though, the Chinese people now living a well-to-do life are striving hand in hand to build a better off society。

15。

至今为止，所有中国的联合国维和人员以他们实际行动和完美表现充分证明了他们是一支政治合格、军事过硬、作风优良、纪律严明、保障有力的令人信服队伍。

With their substantial actions and perfect performance， up to now，all the Chinese UN peace keepers have fully turned out to be a convincing force politically qualified and militarily competent and with a fine style of work， strict discipline and adequate logistic support。

16。

中国愿意同世界各国在独立自主、相互尊重、平等互利，互不干涉内部事务的基础上进一步搞好关系，为世界和平与稳定，进步与发展，构建一个和谐世界作贡献。

China would elaborate on the relations with all the nations of the world on the basis of independence, mutual respect， equality and mutual benefit and non—interference in each other’s internal affairs， contributing to the world peace and stability, progress and development for a harmonious world。

.
1。

.科学发展观 the Outlook of Scientific Development
2.倡导公正合理的新秩序观 call for the establishment of a new just and equitable order
3.以平等互利为核心的新发展观new thinking on development based on equality and mutual benefit
4。

推动树立以互信、互利、平等和协作为主要内容的新安全观foster a new thinking on security featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit，equality and coordination
5。

主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观foster a new thinking on civilization that respects diversity
6.新能源观 new thinking on energy development
有关先进文化的词汇
1。

古为今用、洋为中用旧译 let the ancient serve the present， let the foreign serve the national现译 draw from past and foreign achievements
2.文艺工作 cultural and art work； work in the cultural field
3。

牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向firmly keep to the direction of an advanced
culture/cultural advancement
4.文化与经济和政治互相交融interaction between cultural work, and economic and political activitiescultural elements/factors intermingle with economic and political factors
5.民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化 a socialist culture that is distinctly Chinese， pro-science and people-oriented
6.弘扬主旋律,提倡多样化 promote mainstream values and uphold cultural diversity
7.以科学的理论武装人，以正确的舆论引导人，以崇高的精神塑造人，以优秀的作品鼓舞人Equip/empower people with scientific theories， guide them with correct opinions/ convey to them right messages/provide them with correct media guidance, imbue them with a noble spirit and inspire them with excellent/fine works
8.具有中国气派的社会主义文化Chinese-style socialist culture; socialist culture with Chinese appeal
9。

越是民族的，越是世界的The pride of a nation is also the pride of the world。

What's unique for a nation is also precious for the world.When you are unique, the world comes to you.
10。

文艺应当贴近群众，贴近生活,贴近实际。

Culture and arts should be/keep close to the people, their lives and reality。

11。

艺术滋润心灵，文化陶冶情操。

Art nurtures the soul and culture cultivates the mind。

12。

文化是维系中华民族生生不息、蔓延不断的精神纽带。

Culture is the spiritual bond that ensures the continuity of our Chinese nation。

13。

我们不能割断民族的文化血脉。

We must never sever the cultural vein of our nation。

14。

树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观to foster a right/correct outlook/view on the world, life and values
15.文化市场，文化贸易cultural market, cultural trade
16.始终把社会效益放在首位always put social benefit first
17。

扶持体现民族特色和国家水准的重大文化项目和艺术院团support major/top—notch cultural projects and art troupes that represent national characteristics and national level 18。

稳定地走上了富裕安康的广阔道路 move steadily toward prosperity and happiness
19。

不断探索和回答什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义,建设什么样的党、怎样建设党，实现什么样的发展、怎样发展等重大理论和实际问题constantly seek answers to major theoretical and practical questions such as what socialism is and how to build it, what kind of party we must build and how to build it, and what kind of development China should achieve and how to achieve it
20.党的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领、基本经验 Party's basic theory， line, program and experience
21.社会主义和马克思主义在中国大地上焕发出勃勃生机 Socialism and Marxism have shown vigor and vitality in China.
22.大踏步赶上时代前进潮流 catch up with the trend of the times in big strides 23。

符合党心民心 accord with/echo the aspirations of the Party members and the people
24。

尊重人民首创精神respect the people’s initiative/pioneering drive/creativity
25.提高全民族文明素质 to improve the educational and ethical standards of the whole nation
26.开辟了中国特色社会主义道路 blaze a trail of socialism with Chinese characteristics open a path of...
27。

形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系 theoretical system of Chinese socialism 28.建设富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家 make China a prosperous，strong， democratic， culturally developed and harmonious modern socialist country
29.实践永无止境 Practice knows no bound.
30。

勇于变革、勇于创新 make bold changes and innovations
31。

不为任何风险所惧，不被任何干扰所惑 fear no risks and never be confused by any interference
32.使中国特色社会主义道路越走越宽广 broaden our path of socialism with Chinese characteristics
33.让当代中国马克思主义放射更加灿烂的真理光芒 Let the truth of Marxism of contemporary China shine more brilliantly。

34。

马克思主义关于发展的世界观和方法论的集中体现 a concentrated expression of the Marxist world outlook and methodology with regard to development
35.同……一脉相承 in the same line as。

.。

36.立足社会主义初级阶段基本国情 fully recognize the basic reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism
37.粗放性增长方式 the extensive mode of growth/inefficient model of growth
38.改革攻坚 further reform in difficult areas
39。

统筹兼顾各方面利益 accommodate the interests of all parties
40。

农业基础薄弱的局面尚未改变 The foundation of agriculture remains weak 41。

思想活动的独立性、选择性、多变性、差异性明显增强 become more independent, selective, changeable and diverse in thinking
42。

社会结构、社会组织形式、社会利益格局 the structure of society， the way society is organized and interests of different social groups/and the mix of social interests
43。

发达国家在经济科技上占优势的压力长期存在 Pressure caused by the economic and scientific dominance of developed countries will continue for a long time to come
44。

从生产力到生产关系、从经济基础到上层建筑都发生了意义深远的重大变化experience far-reaching changes in the productive forces and the relations of production， as well as in the economic base and the superstructure 45.人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾这一社会主要矛盾Chinese society’s principal problem/challenge is the gap between the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people and the low level of social production
46.当前我国发展的阶段性特征 the salient features of the current stage of development in China
47妄自菲薄 belittle oneself 自甘落后 be resigned to backwardness
48.脱离实际、急于求成 unrealistic pursuit of quick results
49。

共同建设、共同享有的原则 the principle of all the people building a harmonious 。

.and enjoy its benefits
50.着力解决人民最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题 spare no effort to solve most practical problems of the utmost and immediate concern to the people
51。

形成全体人民各尽其能、各得其所而又和谐相处的局面 cultivate/foster an environment in which all people do their best， are content with their lives/enjoy what they do and live together in harmony
52。

提高改革决策的科学性，增强改革措施的协调性 make decision-making more scientific and measures of reform better coordinated
53。

全面提高开放水平 improve the work of opening—up
54。

把改善人民生活作为正确处理改革发展稳定关系的结合点We need to improve。

.as we endeavor to balance...
55.全面把握科学发展观的科学内涵和精神实质fully appreciate/understand the essence of the Scientific Outlook on Development
56。

把全社会的发展积极性引导到科学发展上来 guide the whole society in pursuing development in a scientific way
57。

把握经济社会发展趋势和规律 follow the trend and the law of economic and social development
58。

坚持中国特色社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设的基本目标和基本政策构成的基本纲领uphold the basic program consisting of the basic objectives and policies for economic， political，cultural and social progress under socialism with Chinese characteristics
59。

区域协调互动发展机制 a mechanism for promoting balanced and interactive development among regions
60.主体功能区 development priority zones
61.法治政府建设 enhance law—based government administration
62.社会主义核心价值体系深入人心 Core socialist values are winning the hearts and minds of the people。

63.弘扬良好思想道德风尚 promote moral integrity
64.建设生态文明 promote a conservation culture
65.生态文明观念在全社会牢固树立 To foster public awareness of conservation culture
66.具有更高文明素质和精神追求 Raise ethical standards and have higher/lofty aspiration
67.对外更加开放、更加具有亲和力 be more open and friendly to the outside world
68。

为全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会打下更加牢固的基础Strengthen the foundation for building a well-off society of a higher level in all respects to the benefit of over one billion people
69.建设创新型国家 make China an innovative nation
70.国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要 Outline of the National Program for Long— and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development
71.突破制约经济社会发展的关键技术 make breakthroughs in key technologies vital to China’s economic and social develop ment
72。

支持前沿技术研究、社会公益性技术研究 support research in frontier technology and in technology for public welfare
73.建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系 establish a market-oriented system for technological innovation, in which enterprises play the leading role and which combines the efforts of enterprises，universities and research institutes
74.引导和支持创新要素向企业集聚 guide and support the pooling of factors of innovation into enterprises
75.科技成果产业化the application of scientific and technological achievements in production
76.培养造就世界一流科学家和科技领军人才 train / bring up world-class scientists and leaders in scientific and technological research
77。

使创新智慧竞相迸发、创新人才大量涌现 inspire creativity and bring forth large numbers of innovative personnel
78。

推进信息化与工业化融合 promote IT—based industrialization
79.具有国际竞争力的大企业集团 internationally competitive conglomerates。