崇明2017届高三英语一模试卷
2017年上海市崇明县高三英语一模[精品文档]
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2017 崇明Suspended CoffeeHow about buying a cup of coffee for someone you’ll never meet?The idea, begun in Naples, Italy, and called “Suspended Coffee”一i.e., a customer pays for a coffee and “banks”it for someone (21) ___________ (fortunate) —has become an international internet sensation(轰动) with coffee shops in Europe and North America (22)___________ (participate) in the movement. The Facebook page alone has more than 28,000 “likes”.The tradition of “suspended coffee” is a l ong-standing tradition in Italy (23)__________ increased in popularity after the Second World War. Recently the practice was starting to take hold in other European countries (24) ___________ (hit) hard economically.Homegrown Hamilton, a coffee chain of C anada, has decided to join the effort. “It’s a fantastic initiative (25) ___________ we decided to help out. We had been doing it pretty much anyway, just not under a banner. During the winter, we were giving away coffee or soup to the homeless,” said mana ger Mike Pattison, “Staff members are always close to the coffeehouse’ front door, and (26) ___________ they see someone walking by who looks like they want, a coffee but can’t afford it, they approach that person. If the offer (27) ___________ (accept), they provide the coffee.”However, not everyone supports the idea.In a posting on the website, Consumerist, columnist Laura Northrup raises (28)___________ number of objections, including that coffee isn’t nutritious food for people who are hungry and (29) ___________ the action could result in “greedy people” aking advantage of others’ kindness. He says people (30) ___________ consider other ways to help.Smart Phone Application Tracks Mental HealthMilitary service is obviously rough on a service member’s mental health. According to some31____, 30 percent of service members develop some type of mental health issue within four monthsof returning home after leaving the army.The military is spending more money than ever to 32____mental health issues within the ranks, and their latest attempt is a smart phone application called the T2 MoodTracker application, which helps service members keep track of their mental health after leaving the army. The app works like a high-tech diary, allowing users to 33____ emotions and behaviors that result from therapy, medication, daily experiences or changes happening at work or in the home. The smart phone app isn’t supposed to be a pocket 34 ____, though. It serves more as an extremely accurate and 35____record of a service memb er’s mental health.Perry Bosmajian is a psychologist with the National Center for TeleHealth and Technology, where this smart phone app was created. He says this smart phone app will produce much more accurate results on the36 ____conditions of service members who have returned home. “Therapists and physicians often have to rely on patient 37____ when trying to gather information about symptoms over the previous weeks or months,” Bosmajian said.“Research has shown that information collected after the fact, especially about mood, tends to be 38____. The best record of an experience is when it’s recorded at the time and place it happens.”The app specifically tracks anxiety, depression, general well-being, life stress, post-traumatic (受伤后的）stress and brain injury. The daily expressions add up over time to produce a(n) 39____ that can be observed by physicians and therapists.The app has been downloaded more than 5,000 times since it became 40____ on the Android Market a year ago. Users of iPhones can also have access to the app some time next year.Directions MatterJet lag(时差感）may be the worst part of travelling, and it hits many people harder travelling east than west. Why they feel this way is 41________, but scientists recently developed a new modelthat provides an explanation for the mystery and insights on recovering from jet lag.The model imitates the way neuronal oscillator cells (神经振子细胞）42________ crossing time zones. These cells in our brains 43 ________our biological docks. However，t he cells don’t quite operate on a perfect 24-hour schedule. Instead, their activity follows a 44________ that lasts slightly longer than that, about 24.5 hours. According to Michelle Girvan, an associate professorof physics at the University of Maryland and a co-author of the study, that means it’s 45________ for us to extend the length of a day—for example, by flying west across time zones—than to shorten the day, by flying east.The scientists found that for 46________ travel, a person who crossed three time zones would fully 47________in a little less than four days. For six time zones, recovery would take about six days. For nine time zones, the recovery would take just less than eight days.However, when a person travels eastward, the recover y time doesn’t match up as48________. When a person crosses three time zones going east, it takes a little more than four days to recover. For six time zones, the recovery time 49________ to more than eight days. And for nine time zones, the recovery period is more than 12 days.Girvan noted that not everyone has a biological clock of exactly 24.5 hours. 50________ , it varies from person to person. The other factor to consider is 51________ cues such as sunlight, Girvan added. How a person reacts to these cues can also 52________how quickly he or she will adjust to a new time zone.The scientists hope that their new model can be used in the future to figure out the best ways to 53________ jet lag. For example, if you will be traveling six time zones eastward, start by setting your clock ahead an hour or two several days before you leave. And when you arrive in a new time zone, make sure that the outside cues you are exposed to 54 ________the new time zone. That means that if it’s daytime in the new time zone, expose yourself to sunlight. And if it’s nighttime, avoid artificial 55________, including those from smartphones and computers, to help your biological clock adjust.41. A. incredible B. apparent C. surprising D. unclear42. A. cope with B. account for C. respond to D. result in43. A. kick B. watch C. stop D. regulate44. A. cycle B. routine C. process D. pattern45. A. safer B. easier C. more dangerous D. more difficult46. A. eastward B. southward C. westward D. northward47. A. adjust B. understand C. prepare D.change48. A. relatively B. nicely C. classically D. awkwardly49. A. reduces B. jumps C. contributes D. leads50. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. However D. Rather51. A. external B. verbal C. social D. chemical52. A. promote B. emphasize C. impact D. orient53. A. form B. endure C. shelter D. beat54. A. specify B. match C. shift D. destroy55. A. lights B. barriers C. flavours D. soundsSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A woman standing over six feet tall and weighing about 200 pounds is bound to make an impression. But in Mary Fields’ case, these features were outmatched by a heart of gold that made her legendary(传奇的).Born into slavery in Tennessee in 1832 or 1833, Mary had nothing, not even a date of birth. However, in her early years, she found something of truly lasting value—a friend named Dolly. In addition to friendship, Dolly also may have taught Mary to read and write, an invaluable advantage for slaves. At the end of America’s Civil War, Mary finally received her freedom and made her own way out into the world.Mary was employed on a steamboat as a maid when she received word from Dolly, now a nun （修女）in Ohio called Mother Amadeus. Mary arrived in Ohio in 1878 and worked at Amadeus’ girls’ school, managing the kitchen and garden. She became known as a gun-carrying,cigar-smoking woman, but also as an example of kindness and reliability. After a few years, though, Amadeus was sent to another school out West in Montana, becoming the first black woman to settle in central Montana.When Mary was in her 50s, a sick Mother Amadeus called her West. So Mary made her way to the small town of Cascade, Montana, to nurse Amadeus to health. She did this and more, running supplies and visitors to St. Peter’s Mission where Amadeus lived. Once when her wagon(四轮马车) overturned, she guarded the delivery from wolves through the night.But Mary's rough edges caused the local bishop (主教) to prohibit her from working at the mission. Mother Amadeus then set her up as the first African-American female employee of the U.S. Postal Service. Though in her 60s, Mary was such a dependable mail carrier that she earned the name “tagecoach” Mary. She became a beloved figure in Cascade. She was the only woman allowed in the saloon (酒馆), was the baseball team’s biggest fan and was given free meals in the town hotel.Nearly 70, Mary quit delivering the mail but remained in Cascade. The town’s school closed to celebrate her unknown birthday twice a year. When she passed away in 1914, a simple cross was placed to mark her grave and her legend in the Wild West.56. What about Mary Fields impressed people most?A. Her tall and fat figure.B. Her reputation as an educated slave.C. Her friendliness and responsibility.D. Her habit of carrying a gun and smoking.57. Wh ich of the following shows Mary’s life experience in the order of time?①Mary began to deliver mail in Cascade.②Mary worked in a school in Montana.③Mary was taught to read and write.④Mary took care of sick Amadeus.⑤Mary worked on a steamed boat.A.⑤①③②④B•⑤④②①③C.②④⑤③①D.③⑤②④①58. Mary became a mail carrier because . ,A. people in Cascade loved herB. she once worked at St. Peter’s MissionC. Mother Amadeus recommended herD. the US Postal Service needed a female employee59. In the last paragraph, t4her legend" most probably refers to .A. her high social statusB. her unusual life as a pioneerC. her friendship with Amadeus.D. her role in the liberation of slaves (B)JENISON PUBLIC SCHOOLSPart Time Enrollment(Home School Elective Courses)Grades 1-12Jenison International Academy is excited to offer online, nonessential courses to international students. Kindly view the online elective options, as well as the enrollment process, below. The application window for part time enrollments will close on Friday, December 30, 2016.Online Courses Offered Grades 1-12Elective OpportunitiesPlease click to view our Elective Course Offerings.Part Time Enrollment at JIAStudents participating in the program are allowed to enroll in up to 4 elective courses each semester, and have the option to take 100% of their courses online or create a schedule combination of online and on-campus courses at Jenison Public Schools, which may also include Tech Center, Co-op, and other qualified programs.Student Application ProcessSTEP 1: Online PreparationPlease review the following Interactive Online Readiness Criteria. Please keep this form for your own records. Online Readiness CriteriaSTEP 2: Submit Forms & DocumentationBy completing the Part Time Enrollment Application, applicants are fulfilling the Virtual Learning and District-Required Documentation.Printed ApplicationParents or guardians can download, print, and complete the JIA Enrollment paperwork & JPS District Application. Mail, scan or fax all completed paperwork using the contact information provided on the first page. Printed ApplicationAdditional Required Documentation can be found within the enrollment packet .An email will be sent to the parent or guardian email account when a completed application has been received. Upon review and approval, a welcome message and course selection email will be issued to the same address.60. The courses are designed for .A. high-level students who are studying in Jenison Public SchoolsB. international students whose parents work in Jenison Public SchoolsC. foreign students who can’t study full time in Jenison International AcademyD. graduate students who want a part-time job in Jenison International Academy61. To get enrolled, one should .A. prepare both online and offlineB. print the Online Readiness CriteriaC. contact JIA in person beforehandD. email the J1A Enrollment paperwork62. What can be learned from the webpage?A. The enrollment should be applied on December 30, 2016.。
2017高考一模英语试题
2017高考一模英语试题从考试目的、招生政策、命题实践、学业需求等方面全面审视我国高考英语的性质,可以发现我国高考英语承载着高校人才选拔的功能。
下面是店铺为你整理关于2017高考一模英语试题的内容，希望大家喜欢!2017高考一模英语试题第I卷 (三部分共85分)第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man imply?A. He can’t go now.B. He can’t wait any longer.C. He wants to call someone.2. What does the woman mean?A. Furnished apartments will cost more.B. She can provide the man with the apartment he needs.C. The apartment is just what the man is looking for.3. What is the man going to do?A. Look for a hotel.B. Have his watch repaired.C. Meet someone at the hotel.4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A book.B. A teacher.C. An exam.5. What do the speakers think of the music?A. Pleasant.B. Acceptable.C. Disturbing.第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。
2017年度上海高三一模试卷-英语-崇明区
崇明县2016届第一次高考模拟考试试卷英 语（考试时间120分钟，满分150分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）第Ⅰ卷 (共103分)I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Classmates. B. Husband and wife.C. T eacher and student.D. Manager andclerk.2. A. To go to the bank. B. To buy some books. C. T o have coffee.D.Todrawsome pictures.3. A. At a food shop. B. At a restaurant. C. At the airport. D. At the railway station.4. A. To read a book about radio.B. To listen to the radio.C. T o talk about a radio program.D. T o write a program.5. A. They don ’t like the second show.B. The people in line all have tickets.C. They won ’t have to wait much longer.D. They will have to go to a later show. 6. A. Boiling water. B. Taking a shower.C. The weather.D. A dying man.7. A. $200.B. $300.C. $400.D. $450.8. A. The article was actually longer. B. The article was not good enough. C. His publishing career has just begun. D. The newspaper printed his another article. 9. A. Typing a 24-page letter.B. Helping to press the buttons.C. Showing the operation steps.D. Presenting a marketing lecture.10. A. Remove George from the committee immediately. B. Tell George that his attendance problem is serious. C. T elephone George to come to the meeting right away. D. Offer to give George a helping hand during the meeting. Section B学校 班级 准考证号 姓名…………………密○……………………………………封○……………………………………○线……………………………Directions:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked threequestions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will bespoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paperand decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To increase people’s yearly income. B. To develop public transport.C. To improve people’s work efficiency.D. To decrease traffic on the streets.12. A. 12 Euros. B. 25 Euros. C. 50 Euros. D. 600 Euros.13. A. By collecting traffic tickets. B. By using a smartphone application.C. By reinvesting fines wisely.D. By employing 50 workers.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A lawyer. B. A student. C. A teacher. D. A politician.15. A. T o be sold at a higher price. B. To meet the needs of different people.C. T o make people self-conscious.D. T o leave a deeper impression on readers.16. A. It’s good to read on public transport. B. It’s wrong to see what others are reading.C. Most people pretend to be an intellectual.D. Don’t judge a person by what he reads in public.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will beread twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blankswith the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Fable of the HedgehogIt was the coldest winter ever. Many animals died (25)_____ cold was the biggest enemy for the animals living in the forest. Many animals tried their best to get warm.The hedgehogs(刺猬), (26)_____(realize) the situation, decided to group together to keep warm. This way they covered and protected themselves; but they forgot one important fact (27)_____ when they got together to warm each other, the quills(刚毛) of each one wounded their closest companions.After a while, they began to bleed, and they (28)_____ no longer bear the pain. They had no other good ideas, so they decided to distance (29)_____ one from the other. Under the cold circumstance, they began to die, alone and frozen. Day after day, more and more hedgehogs died in this cold winter. So they had to make (30)_____ choice: either accept the quills of their companions or disappear from the Earth.Wisely, they decided to go back to being together. They learned to live with the little wounds (31)_____ (cause) by the close relationship with their companions to receive the heatthat came from the others. This way they were able to survive.The best relationship is not the one that brings together perfect people, but when each individual learns to live with the imperfections of others and can admire other people’s good qualities.(B)Facebook’s Safety Check Lets Users Know about Friends after Paris Terror Attacks Facebook managed to put its vast number of user data to good use after Friday’s tragic terror attacks in Paris: the social network customized(定制) its safety check feature to let users know (32)_____ their friends and loved ones in Paris are safe.Users in the area (33)_____(alert) by Facebook’s mobile apps, asking them about their safety, and offering to check on any of their friends. The app also sends out alerts to anyone who has friends in Paris, (34)_____ Facebook’s website lets anyone check on the status and whereabouts(行踪) of their friends as well.It is probably the first time that most people (35)_____(see) Facebook’s safety check today, but the company actually launched it in response to the Nepal earthquake (36)_____ (early) this year. At the time, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg wrote: “When disasters happen, people need (37)_____ (know) their loved ones are safe. At moments like this, (38)_____(be) able to connect really matters.”Facebook wasn’t the only technology company to reach out directly to its users in Paris after the terror attacks. AirBnB sent its customers in Paris an email (39)_____ advised them to stay in place and follow the directions from local authorities. Paris-based Twitter users tookinitiative into their own hands and quickly established a tag —#PorteOuverte, which translates to “open door”—to open up their homes (40)_____ temporary shelters to others caught up in the attacks.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.As further proof that you can now 3D-print anything, a company called Natural Machines has introduced a 3D printer for food.The “Foodini”, as it’s called, isn’t too different from a regular 3D printer, but instead of printing with plastics, it prints eatable ingredients 41 out of steel capsules(容器): “It’s the same technology,”says Lynette Kucsma, co-founder of Natural Machines, “but with plastics there’s just one42 point, while with food it has different temperatures and consistencies (粘稠度). Also,43works a little bit against us, as food doesn’t hold the shape as well as plastic.”At the Web Summit technology conference in Dublin, the Barcelona-based startup is showing off the machine, which it says is the only one of its kind capable of printing a wide range of dishes.“In fact, this is a mini food manufacturing plant 44 down to the size of an oven,”Kucsma said, pointing out that at least in the initial stage the printer will be 45 mostly at professional kitchen users, with a consumer version to follow.In principle, the Foodini sounds like the final 46 aid: press a button to print your food. But Natural Machines is quick to point out that it’s designed to take care only of the difficult and 47parts of food preparation that discourage people from cooking at home, and that it promotes healthy eating by requiring fresh ingredients prepared before printing.Nevertheless, the company is working with major food manufacturers to create pre-packaged plastic capsules that can just be loaded into the machine to make food, even though they assure these will be free of preservatives, with a shelf life 48 to five days.The printing process is slow, but faster than regular 3D printing. Other than being capable of creating complex designs, the Foodini can be useful for recipes that require accuracy and skillfulness, like homemade pizza or filled pasta.Currently, the device only prints the food, which must be then cooked as usual. But a(n) 49model will also cook the preparation and produce it ready to eat.The idea also comes with a social 50 too. “There’s a touchscreen on the front that connects to a recipe site in the cloud, so it’s an internet-of-things, connected kitchen appliance,”said Kucsma. Users will also be able to control the device remotely using a smartphone, and share their recipes with the community.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.As unemployment rates shrink, individual industries and job markets are heating up. According to the most recent numbers released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in their biannual Occupational Outlook Handbook and Career Guide to Industries, the total number of Americans 51 will increase by 10.1 percent by 2018.While many jobs have opportunities for promotion, the following three 52 for unique reasons.IT SecurityAccording to the U.S. Department of Labor, computer-related 53 are on the rise. From 2012 to 2022, the number of computer systems analysts in the country is expected to increase by 25 percent, while computer support specialists will see demand increase by as much as 17 percent. These are clear indicators of the nation’s 54 focus on IT and cyber (网络的) security.However, it may be IT security specialists that see the biggest growth. As cyber 55 increases and computers become increasingly capable of storing more data, the emphasis on cyber security will become even more 56 . According to Anthony Sequeira of CBT Nuggets, a reputable IT training resource, “As we store more and more information in thecloud, the perceived (感知到的) gain and harm that can be done to individuals is greater and greater.”In 2013, the average IT security analyst made approximately $88,590 –with the 57 10 percent taking home as much as $138,780. Even the lower end is well above the national average, with the 58 starting salary somewhere around $50,430.Biomedical EngineeringIf you’re looking at the Occupational Outlook Handbook and Career Guide to Industries, the occupation with the highest expected growth rate from 2008 to 2018 is biomedicale n g i n e e r i n g.59 , there were only 16,000 biomedical engineers in 2008. A healthy 27,520 are expected to hold the title by 2018. That’s a 10-year growth rate of 72 percent.But why is this industry growing so 60 ? It’s likely due in part to the aging population and an increased focus on 61 issues. Naturally, health professionals and the general public will 62 to demand better and more superior medical equipment and devices for better healthcare. In 2008, the average annual salary for a biomedical engineer was $77,400. The current mid-career annual salary is somewhere around $97,800.AudiologyFor those who want to work directly with people but prefer low-pressure environments, audiology is an 63 career. “If you don’t like 64 but still want a career with good prospects and a decent salary, consider becoming an audiologist,”writes Alan Farnham of ABC News.Audiologists are professionals who treat patients with hearing needs. You’re now required to hold a clinical doctoral degree to be a qualified audiologist, but the 65 are worth it. Now an audiologist’s average annual salary is $63,579.51. A. dismissed B. employed C. promoted D. demanded52. A. drop in B. keep up C. take on D. stand out53. A. salaries B. players C. careers D. games54. A. enhanced B. shifted C. continued D. limited55. A. safety B. communication C. relationship D. crime56. A. impossible B. important C. reliable D. convenient57. A. last B. top C. remaining D. usual58. A. typical B. special C. dramatic D. appropriate59. A. Instead B. Besides C. Nevertheless D. Meanwhile60. A. steadily B. slightly C. differently D. rapidly61. A. health B. security C. life D. development62. A. fail B. pretend C. continue D. plan63. A. ideal B. independent C. interesting D. unusual64. A. restriction B. promotion C. excitement D. stress65. A. patients B. rewards C. hospitals D. pleasuresSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, Cand D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）A cannon (大炮) sounded as Jonny Fry took off on his horse through the streets of St. Joseph, Missouri. Crowds lined the streets, cheering and waving. Fry rode west for 90 miles at full speed. He then passed a leather bag full of letters to another rider. Eventually a chain of riders carried the letters across nearly 2,000 miles of wilderness, and the Pony Express was born.Between California and the rest of the U.S. lay a vast wilderness. Mail service was slow and often delayed. As war among the states seemed likely, people wanted news more quickly.In December 1859, William Russell, owner of a transport company, decided to meet that need. He and partners William Waddell and Alexander Majors worked constantly for months. They selected a route from St. Joseph, Missouri, to Sacramento, California. Then they purchased 400 horses, hired workers and set up relay stations (驿站) every 10 to 15 miles. Riders would change horses at these stations, and every 90 to 120 miles a new rider would take over.Shortly before Jonny Fry set out, another Pony Express rider set off from Sacramento for St. Joseph. These first deliveries reached their destinations in close to the 10 days Russell had promised.But the route was far from safe. On April 18, 1860, a rider’s horse stumbled (绊倒) and fell on the rider, killing him. Riders faced rivers, mountains, extreme temperatures—and veryunfriendly natives. In May 1860, tensions between the settlers and Native Americans turned into fighting. Native Americans attacked several Pony Express stations, forcing some of them to close temporarily.Despite the risks, the Pony Express lost only one delivery during its one and a half years in operation. And when Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the Pony Express carried the news to California in only five days. It also spread news of the beginning of America’s Civil War.The Pony Express service ended in October 1861 after a telegraph line across the U.S. was completed. Yet the riders’courage and accomplishments still hold a place in legend (传奇).66. The passage is mainly about the _____ of the Pony Express.A. functionB. influenceC. historyD. operation67. To _____,William Russell decided to set up the Pony Express.A. shorten the time of sending mailB. deliver mail farther and more safelyC. meet people’s different needsD. help people keep in contact in war68. What might Russell have promised about the first deliveries?A. To make the destinations closer.B. To make the deliveries within 10 days.C. To ensure the deliveries with two riders.D. To complete the deliveries before the war.69. What can be learned from the passage?A. The Pony Express had an insignificant position in the development of mail service.B. The fighting between the settlers and Native Americans ended the Pony Express.C. The Pony Express became successful as a result of the dangers on the route.D. The Pony Express not only delivered mail but spread news as well.（B）The following are some of the comments on Alberto Hernandez’s latest blog.70. In Marianne’s opinion, her boss is _____.A. a fantastic and helpful personB. trying to restrict their behaviorC. an irresponsible personD. trying to know them better71. How does Marcel most probably feel in his company?A. Thrilled.B. Proud.C. Disrespected.D. Unsuccessful.72. From the comments we can conclude that _____ must be an employer.A. AlbertoB. MarianneC. MarcelD. Robert73. What might be the topic of Alberto Hernandez’s latest blog?A. Workplace privacy.B. Management skills.C. Employment status.D. Information sources.（C）Thanks to smartphones, telling your partner “I love you”has never been easier. And, according to some new research, it’s probably making your relationship stronger, too.There’s no denying technology’s impact on modern relationships, just as there’s no denying technology’s impact on modern, well, everything. Websites and apps such as , OkCupid and Tinder have changed the way Americans meet and date. A 2013 study from the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that more than one-third of all U.S. marriages now begin through online dating, which has grown into a $2 billion-a-year industry, according to IBISWorld. And, of course, they’ve changed how we communicate. Facebook, Twitter, iMessage, WhatsApp, Snapchat and Instagram have replaced the Phone.For tech-savvy couples, the communication possibilities today are seemingly endless. Texting apps allow partners to communicate throughout the day regardless of where they are. And while there are some dangers that accompany regular texting with your partner, couples that exchange affectionate texts can actually enhance their relationships. A new report from the Pew Research Centre shows that 21 percent of people in committed relationships say they felt closer to their spouse or partner because of exchanges they had either online or via text message.“People will text no matter what—it’s too convenient,”says Lori Schade, Ph.D., a licensed marriage and family therapist in Salk Lake City, Utah. “But if they use text messages purposefully to put money in the relationship bank, so to speak, by being positive, they might be developing resilience (韧性) to weather future storms.”Meanwhile, several apps that are built specially for couples have begun appearing in app stores everywhere. Couple, an app that allows couples to communicate in their own, private channel, has been downloaded nearly 2.5 million times. The app lets you and your partner share messages and videos, build a private shared timeline recording your relationship, share to-do lists and even send “ThumbKisses”to one another.Some dating sites are figuring out ways to stay involved in couples’lives beyond the meeting period. HowAboutWe, which likes to call itself “The Online Dating Sites”, has a separate service for couples that offers pre-planned dates ranging from tickets to a Broadway show, to custom peanut butter sandwiches, to a robot-building workshop. Thecompany launched a new couples app called “You & Me”, which allows partners to cooperate on playlists, share photos and exchange private messages.So while there’s no substitution for actual face time in relationship, FaceTime is looking more and more like a good alternative to fill in the gaps.74. “Tech-savvy couples”in Paragraph 3 may refer to couples who _____.A. can save technologyB. have a good command of technologyC. communicate endlesslyD. work in the field of information technology75. In Lori Schade’s opinion, texting can _____.A. enable people to put money in the bankB. prevent partners being caught in stormsC. help people enhance their relationshipsD. expose people to more dangers76. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.A. actual face time is more important than online face timeB. actual face time will eventually give way to online face timeC. online face time makes relationships stronger than actual face timeD. online face time can make up for the disadvantages of actual face time77. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Modern technology: Bringing people closerB. Modern technology: Recording relationshipsC. Modern technology: Changing everyday lifeD. Modern technology: Making communication easierSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete thestatements in the fewest possible words.A public elementary school in New York City has stopped giving its students homework.Public School 116 (P.S. 116) Principal Jane Hsu wrote a letter to parents last month detailing the decision, explaining that after more than a year of analyzing studies, the school had concluded that students’after-school time would be better spent on activities like reading at their own pace and playing rather than working on class assignments.Hsu’s letter says that many studies indicate that there is no connection between homework and academic success. Indeed, there are some studies that show that the link between homework and success is doubtful at the primary school level.A 1989 study on homework by Harris Cooper, a social psychologist who researches education, found that doing homework led students to perform better in school as they grew older. In later grades, students who did homework performed increasingly better than students who did not. In 2006, Cooper published a study that analyzed 15 years’worth of data on the effectiveness of homework. He found that homework had a more positive impact on students as they aged, and identified stronger link between homework and achievement for students in grades seven through twelve than for students in kindergarten through sixth grade.A 2012 study from the Indiana University School of Education on 10th-graders found little link between time spent on homework and better course grades, although it did find a positive link between homework time and standardized test performance.Some parents of P.S. 116 students are not happy with the decision to eliminate homework.“I think they should have homework—some of it is about discipline. I want my daughter to have fun, but I also want her to be working towards a goal,”Daniel Tasman, the father of a second-grader at the school, told DNAinfo.“You have to do homework in order to gain; you have to do homework because they may not be able to comprehend everything in school,”Sharon Blake, a grandmother of a P.S. 116 student, told ABC news.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. The passage is about a New York elementary school’s decision to _____.79. What did P.S. 116 do before it came to the decision at last?80. The studies in 1989 and in 2006 both found out that there was _____ when students wereyounger.81. Some parents of P.S. 116 students are against its decision because they hold thathomework can _____.第Ⅱ卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 你是否看过那篇有关幸福元素的文章？(element)2. 是我的志愿者经历让我被这所大学录取了。
上海市各区2016-2017年高三英语一模汇编----六选四--老师版(已经校对)
Do you have a hobby that helps you relax and unwind? For some people, there is no better way to relieve pressure than spending time in the garden. This small private area of green space can be their place of calm.__67__. A survey conducted by the Royal Horticultural Society, found that 82% of people in the UK said that gardening makes them happier. It also found that 70% of them, given the choice, would prefer to spend their working day in the garden with just 9% opting for an office.For those with green fingers, the pleasure of gardening comes from getting out in the fresh air, in all weathers and communing with nature -- even if there are a few too many worms! It can also be seen as a sort of digital-detox -- time away from technology. __68__.Dr Christopher Lowry, a neuroscientist at the University of Colorado, injected a bacterium commonly found in soil into mice to see what affection this would have on them. __69__. When we dig in soil we absorb this bacterium through our lungs or cuts in our skin, so Dr Lowry concluded that since the mice seemed happier when treated with soil bacteria, it’s likely we would be, too.__70__. There’s evidence that recovering alcoholics who have been given the opportunity to plant, grow, and even sell their produce, have managed to stop their addictive habits. Scot Stephenson, for example, got dismissed from school and started a vocational qualification in gardening. He says, “I got my NVQ level 2 which is my first qualification and enjoyed it ever since.”Whatever the reason, there are many therapeutic benefits to getting your hands dirty, doing some physical hard work and then watching your garden grow. Does this sound like your idea of fun?67-70: DFACWould You B ully(欺负) a Driverless Car or Show It Respect?Say you’re driving down a two-way street and there’s a truck unloading a delivery in the opposite lane. The oncoming traffic needs to pull out into your lane to overtake.What do you do?___67___ Eventually one of us feels charitable and slows down to allow the oncoming car to overtake and give permission with a quick flash of headlights or a wave of the hand.But what if the car waiting patiently behind the parked truck is a driverless or autonomous vehicle (AV)? Will this robot car be able to understand what you mean when you flash your lights or wave your hands?Its sensors could decide that it’s only safe to overtake when there’s no oncoming traffic at all. On a busy road at school home time, this may be never, leading to increasingly angry drivers queuing behind. ___68___ This is one of the conclusions to be drawn from research carried out by Dr Chris Tennant of the psychological and behavioural science department at the London School of Economics.His Europe-wide survey finds that nearly two-thirds of drivers think machines won’t have enough common sense to interact with human drivers, and more than two-fifths think a robot car would remain stuck behind ourassumedparked truck for a long time.Driving isn’t just about technology and engineering, it’s about human interactions and psychology. The road is a social space. ___69___ “If you view the road as a social space, you willconsciously negotiate your journey with other drivers. People who like that negotiation process appear to feel less comfortabl e engaging with AVs than with human drivers,” says Mr Tennant in his report.___70___ A statistic often trotted out(动不动就搬出) is that human error is responsible for more than 90% of accidents, with our tendency to road anger, tiredness and lack of concentration. 67-70 AFBETen years ago, after 2 years as a postdoc (博士后), I found myself wondering whether I should take a different road. Up to that point, I had stuck to a pretty traditional path investigating cancer genetics, but I was losing interest in the research. At the same time, federal funding had flattened, which added to my dissatisfaction. ___67___ Then came the hard part: identifying a new career that would nurture my passion for science and allow me to make an impact with my work.As I was considering my options, I found inspiration in my first graduate school research tutor, whose work r eminded me that scientists’ efforts away from the bench can be incredibly powerful. But I still didn’t know exactly what I should do. ___68___ A colleague mentioned that a professor at a nearby 2-year college was training students to produce monoclonal antibodies for labs on campus. I was impressed that the professor had taken on this type of ambitious project with relatively inexperienced students. Curious to find out more, I set up a meeting with John and was struck by his sincerity and the way he prioritized student training above grants, publications, and personal ambition. I could also see his passion for teaching, which reminded me of the dreamto become a high school biology teacher.__69___ I found a faculty position and joined John at the same quiet junior college. Now, I effectively hold two positions: classroom instructor and research co-adviser of 15 inexperienced but eager undergraduates. Both roles give me a chance to help students transform themselves, which is enormously rewarding.___70___ It’s discouraging when others see both my students and me as less worthy because we are not at universities. We sometimes struggle to get access to federal funding, scientific conferences, and other resources and opportunities. My pay is below the standard at 4-year research institutions, even though my teaching workload is greater. But my occasional frustration is relieved by the thought of the students, who I have helped train.Looking back at these 10 years, I realize how much my work on this campus has helped me grow, both as an academic and a tutor. I’m grateful that I stepped away from a traditional career path and found a way to serve both the student and research communities in my own way, modest though it may be.67—70 EBFAZoos have existed since ancient times and were features of the great courts of Egypt and China. The display of unusual animals form foreign countries was, for a long time, a show of wealth and power. Today, zoos focus on the preservation of animals species and the education ofthe public. __67___Some animals are distinctly unsuited for life in a zoo, however noble the aims of the organization. Keeping elephant in captivity (囚禁) has long caused argument among animals rights activists. Elephant in the wild wander constantly, covering a wide territory on a daily basis. In captivity, they have no choice but to stand still for long periods of time. ___68____. Yet elephants are a threatened species in their native environments and are heavily caught for ivory(象牙)，leather and meat illegally. To protect the species form the wild due to injury or abandonment.___69___. The chances are, if a zoo has nothing but cement floors and metal enclosures, the animals will not do as well. Many famous zoos now construct enclosures allowing animals freedom of movement and native vegetation. Some zoos have even begun housing species of animals together that normally interact in the wild, such as certain types of monkeys.Zoos are not a perfect solution for preservation.____70___. They are undeniably helpful in repopulating declining animal species and encouraging a preservationist outlook, but they are unquestionably primary in their treatment of some animals. Hopefully, animal activists and zoo advocates will continue to work together, finding ways to create the best environment for captive animals in breeding and repopulation efforts.67-70 CEDAA few years ago, a Finnish app took the mobile gaming world by storm. Its set-up was simpleand its idea illogical: Angry Birds was little more than a shooting game, with birds instead of bullets and green pigs in place of targets. 67 Shortly after Angry Birds took off, audiences found a new distraction in Fruit Ninja, a game where the object was to chop falling produce. Then there was Candy Crush, where players could save a candy kingdom by matching like-colored bonbons.68 That was their charm, after all: They were knowingly ridiculous or illogical, an attack into mindless amusement. In games like Angry Birds, players found an escape from reality. All they had to do is resign themselves to the logic of the game, a world of simple cause-and-effect: Slingshot a bird, kill a pig, score points.Fast forward to 2016, and there's now an Angry Birds movie, here to fill you in on all the details you never wished to know. The birds have been given personalities, motives and back-stories, and so have the evil green pigs. Meanwhile, the game's nonsense had to be made sense of due to a necessary plot for a movie. Logic replaced illogic. Angry Birds is not alone in having its gray areas sketched in for the big screen. Hollywood has made an industry of answering the questions no one ever thought to ask; to the point of even giving a brand of toy blocks its own story in 2014’s The Lego Movie. Countless secondary characters have also been pulled from the sidelines and given their own opportunities to show on the screen. That includes the forgetful blue fish Dory from 2003’s Finding Nemo. 69 Viewers no longer have the luxury of imagining back-stories for their favorite characters, or debating the open-ended questions in a film’s source materials: An endless flow of prequels(前传), sequels(续传) and spin-offs(衍生产品) fill in those blanks for them.70 They'll know. Everything will be determined for them: According to the movie, the main bird Red gets picked on for his bushy eyebrows, and that leaves him feeling isolated and, well, angry. In some ways, Hollywood has taken on the role of fan fiction writers, by expanding and exploring every corner of its fictional universes. But when these universes expand too widely, what will be left to imagine?67-70：CE FAIn so many ways, cyberspace(网络空间) mirrors the real world. People ask for information, play games, and share hobby tips. Others buy and sell products. Still others look for friendship, or even love.Unlike the real world, however, your knowledge about a person is limited to words on a computer screen. Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace. ____67____ So even the shyest person can become a chat-room star.Usually, this "faceless" communication doesn't create problems. Identity doesn't really matter when you’re in a chat room discussing politics or hobbies. In fact, this emphasis on the idea themselves makes the Internet a great place for exciting conversation. Where else can so many people come together to chat about their interests?____68____ They are looking for serious love relationships. Is cyberspace a good place to find love? That answer depends on whom you ask. Some of these relationships actually succeed. Others fail miserably.Supporters of online relationships claim that the Internet allows couples to get to know each other intellectually first. Personal appearance doesn't get in the way.But critics of online relationships argue that no one can truly know another person in cyberspace. Why? Because the Internet gives users a lot of control over how others view them. Internet users can carefully craft their words to fit whatever image they want to give. And they don't have to worry about what their “faceless” communication is doing for their image. ____69____All of this may be fine if the relationship stays in cyberspace. But not knowing a person is a big problem in a love relationship. ____70____ This inevitably leads to disappointment when couples meet in person. How someone imagines an online friend is often quite different from thereal person.So, before looking for love in cyberspace, remember the advice of Internet pioneer Clifford Stoll: "Life in the real world is far richer than anything you'll find on a computer screen67-70 BFACNo matter how early she went to bed, Maggie couldn't fall asleep until the early hours. Though constantly exhausted, Maggie got good grades in school, but she often got in trouble for napping during her morning classes.After graduating from college, Maggie realized her dream of becoming a teacher. However, waking up for her 8:30 a.m. classes turned her into a zombie (无生气的人) , and she lost her job because she lacked enthusiasm.Maggie isn’t lazy. She suffers from delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS，睡眠相位后移症候群)----a disorder that affects one in 750 adults that causes them to be somewhat nocturnal （夜间活动的）. DSPS is often confused with insomnia(失眠），perhaps because sufferers seem tired duringthe day. However, the two disorders are very different. Insomniacs have trouble with the process offalling asleep.67They just can’t fall asleep early even if they want to.Essentially, DSPS means a person's internal clock is set differently. ____ 68 _______ A s aresult,they're out of sync(同步）with the rest of society. People with DSPS struggle to keep their eyes open during morning meetings because their bodies are convinced it*s the middle of the night. They seem less efficient and creative at the office, and make more workplace accidents. DSPS also damages their health, causing depression, anxiety, heart disease and many other illnesses due to sleep deprivation.______69_______ . Fortunately, that’s not the case. Flexible work schedules are already verycommon. Traditionally, managers tend to think more people in the office equals more output, but new research shows that people who work flexible hours are more productive and more likely to stay with their company because they are happier and healthier. Thanks to these findings, many European countries have passed laws giving every worker the right to apply for a flexible work arrangement. According to Cary Cooper, a psychologist at Lancaster University, most U.K. employees will be working half from home in five years.This is great news not just for DSPS sufferers but also for their companies. 70 Consequently, they will be able to save a large sum of money.KEYS: FACDHow to Keep Your Digital Memorials Safe?Do you value your digital stuff? Nearly everyone is creating things with computers, and some do it without any concern for its value. Others recognize its current value, but think little about what it could mean to them in the future, and either aren't aware or don't think that all of it could bedestroyed tomorrow. But hard drives die all the time, and the online services into which people sink their time close with alarming regularity, taking the work of millions of people withit._________67____________.Steps1.Prepare to make a quick backup. If nothing else, get a cheap USB stick anddrag-and-drop your documents folder onto it. Worry about the other things later.You should do more than this, but it's most important to take the most valuable,irreplaceable information from your hard drive and put it on a second medium to guardagainst hard drive failure, theft or loss.2.Decide what you value. Some questions to ask yourself are:How replaceable is this data?How good are you at assessing the value of items? _______68__________. For things likebusiness accounts and documents, the answer is of course you would. This kind of thingshould be your first priority.3.Start making backups.__________69__________Diminishing returns(效益递减) apply in backups as they do with everything else. The cheapest and simplest backup methods take care of an overwhelming majority of likely loss-of-stuff. Over-complicating your backup strategy is the biggest trap: the more complicated and expensive you insist on making it, the less likely you are to do it.4.____________70______________If one of your backup drives fails, replace it immediately. Remember that all storage devices eventually become obsolete (陈旧的). If you have valuable files on obsolete media, those files become increasingly difficult to access with every passing year. So in order to keep your files accessible, remember to migrate your collection to new storage media periodically.67-70 FDEATutoring a New NormalIt’s not piano lessons or dance lessons. Nowadays, the biggest extra-curricular activity in the West is going to a tutor. “I spend about 800 Canadian dollars a month on tutors. It’s costly,” says Pet, a mother in Canada. However, she adds, “after finding out half my daughter’s class had tutors, I felt like my child was going to fall behind because everyone else seemed to be ahead.Shelley, a mother of three, also has tutors constantly coming in and out of her home. “When I used to sit down with my children, it was hard to get them focused. I was always shouting. When I got a tutor once a week, they became focused for one entire hour and could get most of their homework done.”Tutoring isn’t simply a private school phenomenon. 67________ In Cana da alone, seven percent of high school students reported using a tutor in 2010. That increased to 15 percent last year.Overall, parents hire tutors because they are worried schools are not meeting their expectations, but there is also a cultural shift. 68 ________As a large number of Asians emigrated to the West over the recent years, their attitudes towards education have had an impact.69________ “A lot of parents just don’t have time to help their children with homework,” says Julie Diamond, presi dent of an American tutoring company. “Others couldn’t help their children after Grade 3.”There has been a shift in the attitudes, too. “Children used to get bullied(欺侮）for having a tutor,” Diamond says. “Now it’s becoming the norm to have one.”70 ________One parent feels surprised that so many of her child’s classmates have tutors. “For the amount we pay in tuition, they should have as much extra help as they need，” she says. Still, she’s now thinking of getting a tutor. Why? Her daughter has actua lly asked for one.FADBIn 2009, the number of hungry people in the world reached one billion for the first time. It's difficult not to be shocked by the fact that more than one in seven people in the world do not have enough to eat. __67__ Hunger kills more people per year than diseases such as AIDS, malaria (症疾）and TB(肺结核）combined.The UN estimates that almost two thirds of the world's hungry people are in Asia, which is of course the world's most populous continent. __68__ Although this region has a much lower population than Asia, it has the highest percentage of hungry people. Almost all of the rest are in Latin America, North Africa and the Caribbean. In the richest regions of the world there are only a tiny number of people who don't have enough to eat.__69__ They include wars, droughts, floods, and the over-use of farming land. All these factors affect food production. Many people also blame greedy businessmen for pushing up the prices of basic foods in the global market. But the most important reason, quite simply, is poverty, which has increased recently due to the financial crisis of 2008.Although many people make the obvious point that there would be less hunger if the global population were smaller, few people would argue that there is not enough food to go around. The basic problem seems to be not a lack of food, but its distribution. In the last 50 years, global food production has risen even more quickly than the global population. There are many areas of the world in which people generally have more than enough food. __70__ The answer to world hunger,therefore, may be a balanced food distribution around the whole world. Everyone will have enough to eat, but not overeat.67-70 FABDFor centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person's wishes. He believed that (67) ___________The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. (68) ___________ For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior. (69) ___________Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women's dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. (70) ___________ The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.67-70 EFCDIt is found that American students spend less than 15% of their time in school. 67 _____. A study published earlier this month by researchers at North Carolina State University, for example, finds that parental involvement -- checking homework, attending school meetings and events, discussing school activities at home -- has a more powerful influence on students, academic performance than anything about the school the students attend. Another study, published in the Review of Economics and Statistics, reports that the effort put forth by parents reading stories aloud, is devoted by either teachers or the students themselves. And a third study concludes that schools would have to increase their spending by more than $1,000 per pupil in order to achieve the same results that are gained with parental involvement.68 ______. But it is also revealed in researches that parents, of all backgrounds, don’t need to buy expensive educational toys or digital devices for their kids in order to give them an advantage. They don’t need to drive their offspring to enrichment classes or test-preparation courses. What they need to do with their children is much simpler: talk.But not just any talk. 69 _______. For example, a study conducted by researchers at the UCLA School of Public Health and published in the journal Pediatrics founds that two-way adult-child conversations were six times as powerful in promoting language development as the ones in which the adult did all the talking. Engaging in this reciprocal (双向的) back-and-forth gives children a chance to try out language for themselves, and also gives them the sense that their thought and opinions matter.The content of parents’ conversations with kids matters, too. Children who hear tal k about counting and numbers at home start school with much more extensive mathematical knowledge, report researchers from the University of Chicago. While the conversations parents have with their children change as kids grow older, the effect of these exchanges on academic achievement remains strong. Research finds that parents play an important role in what is called “academicsocialization” -- setting expectations and making connections between current behavior and future goals. 70 _______.67----70 DACBWhere do you think the world's happiest people live? Somewhere hot with sandy beaches? A country with a tradition of the fine food and culture? Not according to a recent study by the university of Leicester. Who are the happiest people on Earth? 67 Surprised? Well you’ll be more surprised when you hear that the Danes pay some some of the highest taxes in the world. So what is the secret of their success?Let's start with all that tax they pay. The Danish government provides its people with one of the finest education and health systems in the world. It spends more on children and elderly people per capital than other country.And there's another advantage to those high taxes. Because a shop assistant's final salary is not that much less than someone who works in a bank, for example, Danes don't choose their careers based on money or status as people in other countries do. They choose the job they want to do. There's a philosophy in Denmark known as "Jante-love", which translates as "you're no better than anybody else." ___68___ But workers in otherr countries are not used to looking at life in this way.Money doesn't seem as important in Denmark. It has been called a "post consumerist" society. ___69___ What is more important is the sense of society and it's no surprise that Danes are very used to socializing. 92% of Danes belong to some kind of social club and these clubs are evenpaid for by the government.___70___ They also show an amazing amount of trust in each other and their government. You can see sighs of this all over the country. You'll find vegetable stalls with no assistant. You take what you want and leave the money in a basket. Perhaps the bike is a good symbol for Denmark. The Danes can afford cars but they choose bikes---simple, economical, non-polluting machines that show no status and help keep people fit.67----70 EBFCWhy should mankind explore space? Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What prompted our distant ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? _____67_____. The wider the distribution of a species, the better its chance of survival.Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be located. Additional resources are always beneficial when used wisely, and can increase our chances of survival. Knowledge or techniques acquired through exploration, or preparing to explore, filter from the developers into society at large. _____68_____. Also, we have already benefited from other by-products, including improvements in earthquake prediction —which has saved many lives —in satellites used for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick saucepans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products of technological developments in the spaceindustry!_____69_____. The chances of a large comet (彗星) hitting the Earth are small, but it could happen in time. Such strikes in the past may account for the extinction of dinosaurs and other species. Human technology is reaching the point where it might be able to detect the possibility of this happening, and enable us to minimize the damage, or prevent it completely, allowing us as a species to avoid extinction.In certain circumstances, life on Earth may become impossible: over-population or wide spread diseases, for instance, might eventually force us to find other places to live. While the earth is the only planet known to sustain life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to inhabit other planets and moons. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future. _____70_____.. keys:67-70 DAFB。
上海市各区2016-2017年高三英语一模汇编--摘要写作(Summary Writing)--老师版(全部带答案精准校对)
IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Are You Ready for Your Exam?So, it‘s the exam time again -- have you done the necessary work to get good marks? Sleeping with the textbook under the pillow(枕头) in the hope that knowledge will be magically absorbed into your brain as you sleep doesn‘t work. The best strategy is to space your practice out, rather than cram(死记硬背) it all together. It means hit the books early!In an article in the British newspaper The Guardian, Tom Stafford, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Sheffield, UK, advises: ―If you organi ze five hours of study into one hour a day, you‘ll remember more than if you study for five hours on one day.‖Don‘t rely on memory alone -- get pen and paper and start working. Students who can test themselves in advance will be better at getting back material from their memory and learn that material in the long run. John Dunlosky, Professor of Psychology at Kent State University in the US, sugge sts that ―you start by reading a textbook using your favourite highlighter(荧光笔) and favourite colours, but then you go back and make flashcards of all the critical concepts and instead of just rereading those, you basically try to test yourselves on them.‖Good revision should give you confidence, but if you are still anxious, there‘s no harm in indulging(放任) in a personal routine. In Japan, it seems to be a tradition for students to eat Katsudon before a test. This is a warm bowl of rice topped with egg and a deep-fried pork cutlet. The name of the dish reminds people of the word ‗katsu‘, meaning ‗winning‘.For some students in South Korea, the key to success is not washing their hair before sitting an exam because they believe they could wash all the knowledge out of their head. And in different parts of the world there are always those who swear by their ‗lucky underwear‘.The bottom line is that you need to study, sleep well on the eve of the test, eat a nutritious meal, drink plenty of water and believe that your efforts will pay off. Good luck in your exam!Keys:The best strategy to achieve good results in the exam is to study books early. According to experts, time management and self-testing in advance will also do you good. Furthermore,habitual psychological hint is helpful, too. Meanwhile, other factors such as necessary preparations, good sleep, nutritious diet and self-confidence can pay off your efforts as well. (56 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Super Size MeFast food, otherwise known as junk food, is a huge passion for a large number of people across the Western world. But what would happen if you ate lots of junk food, every day? Would it seriously damage your health? These were the questions which led Morgan Spurlock, an independent film-maker, to do an experiment, which he made into a documentary film entitled Super Size Me.The main basis of his experiment was that Spurlock promised to eat three McDonald‘s meals a day, every day, for a month. He could only eat food from McDonald‘s and every time an employee asked if he would like to ―super size‖ the meal, he had to agree. ―Super sizing‖ refers to the fact that with this type of meal you get a considerable larger portion of everything.Spurlock knew that by eating three McDonald‘s meals a day, he would consume a lot of fat and a great deal of salt and sugar in each meal—much more than he needed. Although Spurlock knew he would put on a bit of weight, and that this diet was unhealthy, he wasn‘t quite prepared for just how unhealthy it turned out to be. The changes in his body were horrifying in the first week, he put on 4.5 kilos and by the end of the thirty days he had gained nearly 14 kilos, bringing his total weight to a massive 98kg.Spurlock says ―I‘d love people to walk out of the movie and say, ‘Next time I‘m not going to ―super size‖. Maybe I‘m not going have any junk food at all. I‘m going to sit down and eat dinner with my kids, with the TV off, so that we can eat healthy food, talk about what we‘re eating and have a relationship with each other.‘‖ Food for thought indeed.Keys:Spurlock made an experiment to test the damage of eating lots of junk food and made adocumentary film later. In the one-month experiment, Spurlock ate three super size McDonald‘s meals every day if required, thus causing terrible increase in his weight. Spurlock hopes the film can help people establish a healthy eating habit. (56 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Food is life. We eat it to grow, stay healthy, and have the energy to do everyday activities. The food we consume makes all of these things possible, but not all food is created equal. Studies have shown, for example, that children who eat a nutritious breakfast do better in school than those with a poor diet. The well-fed child is able to pay attention longer, remember more, and participate more actively in class. The findings, then, are clear. Because our food choices affect our health and behavior, we must do more than just eat; we must eat well. For many people today, though, making healthy food choices is not easy.We are surrounded by information telling us what‘s good for us and what isn‘t, but usually this information is more confusing than helpful. In fact, different research about the same food often produces contradictory results. In previous research on eggs, people were encouraged to limit or completely eliminate eggs from their diets to prevent dangerous diseases. Recent studies say eggs are good for you. It‘s hard to know who to believe.Shopping for food can also be challenging. During a visit to a supermarket, we often need to make many different choices. Should you buy this cereal or that one? Regular or fat-free‘ milk? Tofu or chicken? It‘s hard to know which to choose, especially when two items are very similar. Many shoppers read product labels to help them decide. Indeed, many food labels are often misleading.Making healthy food choices and eating well do not have to be difficult. Doing simple things can result in a better diet and a healthier you. Urban gardening, which is becoming popular again is one such thing. On small pieces of land, neighbors are working together to grow fruit and vegetables. What are the benefits of these gardens? People have access to more fresh fruit and vegetables, especially poorer people who are less likely to spend money on these items. The food also cost less than it would in a supermarket. There are other benefits, too. Working together in thegarden helps people to exercise. Urban gardens have also been used to teach children about food production and healthy eating.Keys:Food choices affect health and behavior.However, it‘s not easy to make healthy ones.Because confusing/contradictory food informationand misleading food labels are making shopping difficult/a challenge. Urban gardening is a good way to making healthy food choices.Urban gardening also have other benefits: getting fresh and cheap food, a way of exercise and learning food knowledge for children. (59 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The advantages of social networkingWhy do most people sign up to social networking sites? The main reason is to stay in touch with other people. These sites also help people to find their childhood friends that they have lost touch with. Renewing these long-lost friendships is just a click away. It is very exciting to be able to catch up with friends and keep up with their news on am almost daily basis thanks to frequent updates.Keep up-to-date,however,doesn‘t have to be restricted to fr iends and acquaintances(相识的人）.What many people tend to forget is that they can also use networking sites for professional reasons. It is actually a great way of finding out about upcoming job opportunities. Friends might know about job vacancies that may not be advertised elsewhere or they can even recommend their friends for certain jobs. Even people already employed can promote their business online. This is particularly important for artists, actors and musicians who can create pages devoted to their band or theatre company, and inform fans about their gigs(现场演唱会）or latest exhibitions. In addition, the sites can be used to allow the public to give instant feedback on the artists‘ work and to interact with their favourite artist.Another great advantage of social networking sites is how easy it is to organise an event with your friends. Thanks to different settings people can organise their friends by different criteria(标准）. These criteria could be how close friends they are, common interests and hobbies or where they live. This means if a certain event takes place, for example, an open-air concert or a football match, all they have to do is invite the right group of friends to attend. Some networking sites offer a range of quizzes and games, so friends living on opposite sides of the globe can invite each other to participate and compete in a variety of games without leaving their homes.Keys:Social networking sites benefit people in several different ways. Not only do they allow people to keep in close touch with friends old or new ,but they provide potential job opportunities and encourage online business promotion plus interaction.Moreover, they facilitate the organization of various events, connecting people with similar hobbies or preferences globally.(54words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Are we born with a preference for certain kinds of faces? Or is it just something that people learn, without realizing it? To find out, psychologist Judith Langlois and her team at the University of Texas in Austin worked with young children and babies.The researchers showed each baby photos of two faces. One face was more attractive than the other. The scientists then recorded how long the infants looked at each face.Babies spent longer viewing the attractive faces than the unattractive ones. That meant they preferred the pretty faces. These findings suggest that people prefer pretty faces very early in life. However, it‘s still possible that we learn that preference. After all, Schein, who worked with Judith, points out, ―By the time we test infants, they already have experience with faces.‖That experience can make a difference. Research conducted at the University of Delaware found that babies‘ brains are better at processing faces from their own race. So infants quickly come to prefer these faces, Schein says.It‘s well-known in psychology that familiar things are more attractive, says Coren Apicella. She is a psychologist at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. ―Perhaps average faces aremore attractive because they seem more familiar.‖Indeed, her research backs this up. Apicella and Little worked with two groups of young adults: British and Hadza. The Hadza are hunter-gatherers in Tanzania, a nation in East Africa. Apicella chose them for her experiment because they had not been exposed to Western culture and standards of beauty.She showed people from both groups two images and asked which was more attractive. One image was an average of five British faces or five Hadza faces. The other was an average of 20 British faces or 20 Hadza faces. People of both cultures preferred the face that was more average —that is, compiled from 20 faces instead of five. The British participants found both Hadza and British faces beautiful. The Hadza, in contrast, preferred only Hadza faces.―The Hadza have little experience with European faces and probably do not know what an average European face looks like,‖ Apicella concludes. ―If they don't know what it looks like, how can they prefer it?‖Her findings show how biology and the environment work together to shape our values. ―The prefere nce for average itself is biologically based,‖ Apicella says. But people must first experience other faces to learn what an average face should look like.Keys:Babies‘ preference to attractive faces indicates people begin to prefer pretty faces at an early age. Researches show average faces are more attractive because they are more familiar to people. Meanwhile, people‘s experience with faces matters a lot. The more people experience with certain faces, the more preference they will have to the average of these faces. (60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness, namely, temporary loneliness, situational loneliness, and chronic(长期的) loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation - for example a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year. The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems in socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person‘s social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity.Keys:There are three types of Loneliness.Temporary loneliness disappears quickly and can be neglected. Situational loneliness is caused by the change of circumstance, which may lead to problems.Chronic Loneliness lasts the longest and is harmful. The victims often feel hopeless. Loneliness is usually caused when people need more social contacts than they have. (53 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Around the world, music therapy is being used to treat different medical conditions and illnesses. Some of the ways people use music therapy are to reduce pain, such as in childbirth or during cancer treatments, or to stimulate brain activity alter an injury or money loss. Music therapy has also been successful in aiding children to overcome disabilities. Children can move their bodies with the music and stamp along to the beat.Why is music a useful therapy? Music is soothing and relaxing, but it also stimulates ourbrains. Emotionally and physically, we respond to the sounds of music. But the complexity of music provokes (激发)the biggest response. Thus, classical music is most typically used for therapies dueto complex sounds and patterns. Playing a musical instrument rather than simply listening to music can also be therapeutic for some people, helping relieve stress and anxiety.Music has been shown to reduce pain in cancer patients by increasing the release endorphin (内啡肽).Endorphins are the body‘s natural painkillers, and when we listen to music, our brains respond by releasing these natural painkillers. It has also been known to contribute to the brain development of the babies who have just been born and even babies still in the mother‘s womb. Certain types of music have also been found to lower blood pressure and slow a person's heart rate. Al present, music therapy is used in a variety of settings such as hospitals, nursing homes, day cares and schools.Although music therapy is not yet considered a mainstreamtreatment, it is recognized more and more as a useful addition to traditional treatment. Sonext time you are feeling low or stressed out, put on some relaxing music and let the music heal you.Keys:Music therapy is a useful way to treat illness. Because our brain can be stimulated by responding to music, different kinds of music have different effects. The principle of music therapy is to increase the release of endorphins to produce effects to help treatment. Although music therapy is not used widely, it is regarded as an effective additional to treatment. (60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Airline seats have been one-size-fits-all since the beginning. Today, those 16.5 to 18-inch wide seats are anything but.According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity(肥胖症)has more than doubled since 1980. In 2014, more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight, and over 600 million were obese.The unchanged seat size and increase of obese passengershighlight the conflict betweenairlines‘ needs and basic passenger rights.Last month, lawyer Giorgio Destro,an Italian lawyer, sued Emirates, claiming his flight was disrupted by an obese passenger seated next to him. According to reports, Destro was not able to comfortably sit in his assigned seat, and spent much of the nine-hour flight standing or sitting in crew seats, because a 400-pound passenger took up half of his seat.Many airlines have responded to the growing obesityby insisting passengers of size buy two seats to ensure safety and comfort. Samoa Air, for example, is charging by weight (which has become known as a ―fat tax‖). At first glance, the fat tax issue sounds discriminatory (歧视的), but some argue that this is purely down to numbers. A kilo is a kilo. It has nothing to do with the condition of the weight.The heavier a plane is, the more fuel it burns through.In other words, the argument is whether it is fair that a 150-pound person is charged for their 50-pound bag, when a 300-pound person with a carry-on isn‘t charged anything extra.However, Peggy Howell of NAAFA argues that obesity is an illness, and that obese people should be entitled to having certain rights protected.―We question the legality of the discriminatory policy and whether it viol ates the Air Carrier Access Act governing the treatment of passengers with disabilities,‖ she says. ―The American Medical Association (AMA) recently declared obesity a disease, which should make fat passengers a protected class.‖Howell points out that the Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA) addressed this issue in 2009, and issued a ‗one-person, one-fare‘ ruling covering passengers with disabilities. Those passengers include ones who are ‗clinically obese‘ and who cannot fit into a single seat.Keys:With the increasing obesity, airline one-size-fits-all seats can‘t satisfy the needs of obese passengers. To solve the conflict between airlines‘ needs and passenger rights, many airlines ask overweight passengers to pay more to fly, because a heavier plane burns more fuel. However, objectors think the disabled, including fat passengers, should be protected instead of being charged more. (60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Gene Therapy―We used to think that our fate was in our stars, but now we know that, in large measure, our fate is in our genes,‖ said James Watson. Watson is a molecular(分子的) biologist and co-discoverer of DNA structure. Why? Scientists are seeing that gene therapy is revolutionizing the treatment of disease.In gene therapy, healthy genes are introduced into defective (有缺陷的) cells to prevent or cure disease. While much of the research is in the beginning stages, some successes point to the real benefit of the therapy. In Italy, doctors have recently treated one genetic disease with gene therapy. This disease most often begins to destroy the brain when children are between 1 and 2, stopping them from walking and talking. By inserting normal, healthy genetic material into a virus and then infecting the patients, scientists seem to be able to cure the disease. Although the children given the therapy still need follow-up treatments, they now lead a relatively normal life.Gene therapy has also been used to help older patients. These people suffer from a disease that causes slow movement and uncontrollable shaking because part of the brain dies. Those treated with gene therapy showed a 23.1 percent improvement when tested six months later.Gene therapy appears to be a more positive alternative to surgery or medicine and is an exciting new approach that is just making the news. Researchers hope that in the coming years, every genetic disease will have gene therapy as its treatment. But more research is needed to assure its safety.Keys:Gene therapy, which prevents or cures disease by inserting healthy genes into defective cells rather than by means of surgery or medicine, is changing the treatment of disease revolutionarily. Though in the initial phases, gene therapy has been successful in treating both children and older patients with genetic disease. However, more research is called for to ensure its security. (59 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Teaching Is “One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK”The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary school teaching, and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers. Since the 1980s, the number of graduates who would ―seriously consider‖ teaching as a career has fallen sharply, from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today. The report suggests that urgent action needs to be taken in order to encourage more intelligent young graduates into teaching.The main drawback（缺点）of secondary teaching, according to the report, is the low salary. Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs. Joanne Manners, 24, is a good example: ―I graduated in maths last year, and I was thinking of doing a teacher-training course to become a maths teacher---but I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising, so I decided not to become a teacher.‖It's not just about the money, however. The survey concluded that another reason why people don‘t want to be teachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school. A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do not have the same respect for teachers as in the past. Here‘s the view of Dave Hallam, an accountant from London: ―I think parents are to blame. They should have stricter rules with their children at home and also teach their children to have more respect for teachers.‖The report is clear that the problem of teacher shortage is a very serious one. It says that the government should raise teachers‘ pay significantly, to catch up with workers in o ther professions. It also indicates that the government could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in the newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people.Keys:Secondary schools in UK experienced difficulties recruiting young teachers. The reasons are low salary and kid‘s bad behavior, which push talents to business occupations with twice income. Therefore, poorly behaved students need to obey stricter rules and parents need to discipline them at home. Also, government should increase teachers‘ income and promote a teaching campaign todisplay teaching‘s bright side. (60 words)/It is reported that many secondary schools in UK have trouble enrolling young teachers due to the low salary and the bad behavior of the youth in school. To change the situation, parents should be strict with the kids to back teachers up and the government are encouraged to improve teachers‘ income and publicize the positive image of teaching. (59 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it‘s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you‘re ―hot‖. That‘s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as: ―Get up, John! You‘ll be late for work again!‖ The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You can‘t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you‘re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract（对抗）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If our energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won‘t change your cycle, but you‘ll get up steam (鼓起干劲) and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.Keys:Everyone has an energy cycle, which is individually different. When your body temperature reaches the peak, you‘ll feel most energetic. Though we can‘t change the cycle, we can form some habits to make our life fit better and avoid many conflicts with people. Additionally, getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save our energy. (60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Now another American education icon may be disappearing: the hardbound textbook. More and more school districts are replacing traditional textbooks with electronic ones. Electronic textbooks are usually accessed either through an online server or are downloaded to student laptops.In North Texas, Plano and Irving schools are introducing e-books into a few classrooms, and Lancaster school officials also are considering them. But no local district appears to be going as far as Forney. The district most likely would be the first in the state to use e-books in every classroom for grades five to twelve.Officials point out several reasons for turning to e-books. For one, they are easier to update. Thus the publishers are able to find ways to do online textbooks and they can go back and change information. Using e-books will better prepare students for college and the workplace.Rapid district growth is another reason. The number of the students in the district is expected to double within five years. It‘s difficult to know textbook needs in advance and some students wait months for their books. But e-books can be uploaded onto a ―blank‖ laptop in a few hours.Cost may eventually be a deciding cause for choosing e-books, but here are no big savings yet. Even if they get it electronically, they still have to pay for the book because they‘re buying the instructional material. That may change as more and more districts move towards e-books.Today‘s students have little trouble adjusting to laptops and e-books, said Connie Cooley, who has taught at the Academy of Irving ISD for five years. But she said it could worry teachers.―It‘s harder for people who are right around my age and older.‖ said Ms. Cooley, 36. ―I‘m。
崇明市高三英语一模试卷
崇明市高三英语一模试卷一、听力部分（共30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1. What does the man want to do?A. Have a rest.B. Go to the cinema.C. Do some exercise.2. How much does the woman have to pay for the shirt?A. $15.B. $25.C. $45.3. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Doctor and patient.B. Teacher and student.C. Husband and wife.4. Where are the speakers?A. In a library.B. In a classroom.C. In a restaurant.5. What does the man mean?A. He will do it later.B. He will do it tomorrow.C. He will do it right now.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）6-10. Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer for each question.11-15. Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks withthe correct words.16-20. Listen to the passage and choose the best answer for each question.二、阅读理解（共40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）21-35. Read the following passages and choose the best answer for each question.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）36-40. Read the passage and answer the questions by choosing the correct option.三、语言知识运用（共30分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）41-55. Choose the best word or phrase to complete each sentence.第二节（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）56-65. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word given in the brackets.第三节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）66-70. Rewrite the following sentences as directed.四、写作（共50分）第一节（共1题，满分15分）71. Write an email to your friend about your school trip.第二节（共1题，满分35分）72. Write an article on the topic “The Importance ofTeamwork”.注意事项：1. 请在规定时间内完成试卷。
崇明高三英语一模试卷
崇明高三英语一模试卷一、听力部分（共20分）1. 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
每段对话读两遍。
（每题1分，共5分）1) What does the man want to do?A. Buy a new car.B. Sell his old car.C. Borrow some money.2) Where are the speakers?A. In a classroom.B. In a library.C. In a supermarket.3) What is the woman going to do?A. Go to a meeting.B. Go to a party.C. Go to a concert.4) What does the man think of the movie?A. It's exciting.B. It's boring.C. It's scary.5) Why is the woman late?A. She missed the bus.B. She got up late.C. Sheforgot the time.2. 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第10题。
对话读两遍。
（每题1分，共5分）6) What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Doctor and patient.C. Policeman and driver.7) What is the man's problem?A. He has a headache.B. He has a toothache.C. He hasa stomachache.8) What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Take some medicine.B. Drink some water.C. Go tothe hospital.9) How much does the man have to pay?A. $20.B. $30.C. $40.10) When will the man be able to drive again?A. In one hour.B. In two hours.C. In three hours.3. 听下面一段独白，回答第11至第15题。
崇明区2017～2018英语高三一模
崇明区2017～2018英语高三一模摘要：1.崇明区2017-2018 英语高三一模概述2.2017-2018 英语高三一模的试题特点3.2017-2018 英语高三一模的备考策略正文：【崇明区2017-2018 英语高三一模概述】崇明区2017-2018 英语高三一模，即崇明区2017-2018 学年度高三第一次英语模拟考试，是对高三学生英语水平的一次重要测验。
这次模拟考试旨在帮助学生了解自己的英语水平，发现问题并及时进行改进，为即将到来的高考做好充分的准备。
【2017-2018 英语高三一模的试题特点】2017-2018 英语高三一模的试题特点主要体现在以下几个方面：1.试题结构合理，覆盖面广。
试题涵盖了听力、单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、任务型阅读、短文改错、书面表达等多个方面，全面检测学生的英语综合运用能力。
2.试题难度适中，注重基础。
试题难度既考虑到学生的实际水平，又有一定的挑战性，旨在考查学生对英语基础知识的掌握程度。
3.试题内容贴近生活，注重实际应用。
试题内容涉及日常生活、社会热点、文化差异等方面，强调学生在实际情境中运用英语的能力。
【2017-2018 英语高三一模的备考策略】面对2017-2018 英语高三一模，学生可以采取以下策略进行备考：1.系统复习，打好基础。
学生应该从语法、词汇、听力、阅读等方面进行系统复习，确保自己的英语基础知识扎实。
2.大量练习，提高做题速度和准确率。
学生可以通过做历年真题、模拟题等，提高自己的做题速度和准确率。
3.培养阅读习惯，提高阅读理解能力。
学生应该多读英文文章，积累词汇和语法结构，同时培养快速捕捉信息的能力。
4.创设实际情境，提高口语表达能力。
学生可以与同学、老师进行英语口语交流，或者进行自我录音，评估自己的口语表达能力。
5.保持积极心态，树立信心。
高三学生面临诸多压力，保持积极的心态，树立信心，是备考过程中不可或缺的一环。
最新2017年上海市崇明县高三英语一模
2017 崇明Suspended CoffeeHow about buying a cup of coffee for someone you’ll never meet?The idea, begun in Naples, Italy, and called“Suspended Coffee”一 i.e., a customer pays for a coffee and “banks”it for someone (21)___________ (fortunate) —has become an international internet sensation(轰动) with coffee shops in Europe and North America (22) ___________ (participate) in the movement. The Facebook page alone has more than 28,000 “likes”.The tradition of“suspended coffee” is a long-standing tradition in Italy (23)__________ increased in popularity after the Second World War. Recently the practice was starting to take hold in other European countries (24) ___________ (hit) hard economically.Homegrown Hamilton, a coffee chain of Canada, has decided to join the effort. “It’s a fantastic initiative (25) ___________we decided to help out. We had been doing it pretty much anyway, just not under a banner. During the winter, we were giving away coffee or soup to the homeless,” said man ager Mike Pattison, “Staff members are always close to the coffeehouse’ front door, and (26) ___________ they see someone walking by who looks like they want, a coffee but can’t afford it, they approach that person. If the offer (27) ___________ (accept), they provide the coffee.”However, not everyone supports the idea.In a posting on the website, Consumerist, columnist Laura Northrup raises (28) ___________ number of objections, including that coffee isn’t nutritious food for people who are hungry and (29) ___________ the action could resultin“greedy people” aking advantage of others’ kindness. He says people (30) ___________ consider other ways to help.Smart Phone Application Tracks Mental HealthMilitary service is obviously rough on a service member’s mental health. According to some 31____, 30 percent of service members develop some type of mental health issue within four monthsof returning home after leaving the army.The military is spending more money than ever to 32____mental health issues within the ranks, and their latest attempt is a smart phone application called the T2 MoodTracker application, which helps service members keep track of their mental health after leaving the army. The app works like a high-tech diary, allowing users to 33____ emotions and behaviors that result from therapy, medication, daily experiences or changes happening at work or in the home. The smart phone app isn’t supposed to be a pocket 34 ____, though. It serves more as an extremely accurate and 35 ____record of a service mem ber’s mental health.Perry Bosmajian is a psychologist with the National Center for TeleHealth and Technology, where this smart phone app was created. He says this smart phone app will produce much more accurate results on the36 ____conditions of service members who have returned home.“Therapists and physicians often have to rely on patient 37____ when trying to gather information about symptoms over the previous weeks or months,” Bosmajian said.“Research has shown that information collected after the fact, especially about mood, tends to be 38____. The best record of an experience is when it’s recorded at the time and place it happens.”The app specifically tracks anxiety, depression, general well-being, life stress, post-traumatic (受伤后的）stress and brain injury. The daily expressions add up over time to produce a(n) 39____ that can be observed by physicians and therapists. The app has been downloaded more than 5,000 times since it became 40____ on the Android Market a year ago. Users of iPhones can also have access to the app some time next year.Directions MatterJet lag(时差感）may be the worst part of travelling, and it hits many people harder travelling east than west. Why they feel this way is 41________, but scientists recently developed a new model that provides an explanation for the mystery and insights on recovering from jet lag.The model imitates the way neuronal oscillator cells (神经振子细胞）42________ crossing timezones. These cells in our brains 43 ________our biological docks. However，the cells don’t quite operate on a perfect 24-hour schedule. Instead, their activity follows a 44________ that lasts slightly longer than that, about 24.5 hours. According to Michelle Girvan, an associate professor of physics at the University of Maryland and a co-author of the study, that means it’s 45________ for us to extend the length of a day—for example, by flying west across time zones—than to shorten the day, by flying east.The scientists found that for 46________ travel, a person who crossed three time zones would fully 47________in a little less than four days. For six time zones, recovery would take about six days. For nine time zones, the recovery would take just less than eight days.However, when a person travels eastward, the recovery time doesn’t match up as 48________. When a person crosses three time zones going east, it takes a little more than four days to recover. For six time zones, the recovery time 49________ to more than eight days. And for nine time zones, the recovery period is more than 12 days.Girvan noted that not everyone has a biological clock of exactly 24.5 hours.50________ , it varies from person to person. The other factor to consider is 51________ cues such as sunlight, Girvan added. How a person reacts to these cues can also 52________how quickly he or she will adjust to a new time zone.The scientists hope that their new model can be used in the future to figure out the best ways to 53________ jet lag. For example, if you will be traveling six time zones eastward, start by setting your clock ahead an hour or two several days before you leave. And when you arrive in a new time zone, make sure that the outside cues you are exposed to 54 ________the new time zone. That means that if it’s daytime in the new time zone, expose yourself to sunlight. And if it’s nighttime, avoid artificial 55________, including those from smartphones and computers, to help your biological clock adjust.41. A. incredible B. apparent C. surprising D. unclear42. A. cope with B. account for C. respond to D. result in43. A. kick B. watch C. stop D. regulate44. A. cycle B. routine C. process D. pattern45. A. safer B. easier C. more dangerous D. more difficult46. A. eastward B. southward C. westward D. northward47. A. adjust B. understand C. prepare D.change48. A. relatively B. nicely C. classically D. awkwardly49. A. reduces B. jumps C. contributes D. leads50. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. However D. Rather51. A. external B. verbal C. social D. chemical52. A. promote B. emphasize C. impact D. orient53. A. form B. endure C. shelter D. beat54. A. specify B. match C. shift D. destroy55. A. lights B. barriers C. flavours D. soundsSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A woman standing over six feet tall and weighing about 200 pounds is bound to make an impression. But in Mary Fields’ case, these features were outmatched by a heart of gold that made her legendary(传奇的).Born into slavery in Tennessee in 1832 or 1833, Mary had nothing, not even a date of birth. However, in her early years, she found something of truly lasting value—a friend named Dolly. In addition to friendship, Dolly also may have taught Mary to read and write, an invaluable advantage for slaves. At the end of America’s Civil War, Mary finally received her freedom and made her own way out into the world. Mary was employed on a steamboat as a maid when she received word from Dolly, now a nun （修女）in Ohio called Mother Amadeus. Mary arrived in Ohio in 1878 and worked at Amadeus’ girls’ school, managing the kitchen and garden. She became known as a gun-carrying, cigar-smoking woman, but also as an example of kindness and reliability. After a few years, though, Amadeus was sent to another school out West in Montana, becoming the first black woman to settle in central Montana.When Mary was in her 50s, a sick Mother Amadeus called her West. So Mary made her way to the small town of Cascade, Montana, to nurse Amadeus to health. She did this and more, running supplies and visitors to St. Peter’s Mission where Amadeus lived. Once when her wagon(四轮马车) overturned, she guarded the delivery from wolves through the night.But Mary's rough edges caused the local bishop (主教) to prohibit her from working at the mission. Mother Amadeus then set her up as the first African-American female employee of the U.S. Postal Service. Though in her 60s, Mary was such a dependable mail carrier that she earned the name“tagecoach” Mary. She became a beloved figure in Cascade. She was the only woman allowed in the saloon (酒馆), was thebaseball team’s biggest fan and was given free meals in the town hotel.Nearly 70, Mary quit delivering the mail but rema ined in Cascade. The town’s school closed to celebrate her unknown birthday twice a year. When she passed away in 1914,a simple cross was placed to mark her grave and her legend in the Wild West.56. What about Mary Fields impressed people most?A. Her tall and fat figure.B. Her reputation as an educated slave.C. Her friendliness and responsibility.D. Her habit of carrying a gun and smoking.57. Which of the following shows Mary’s life experience in the order of time?①Mary began to deliver mail in Cascade.②Mary worked in a school in Montana.③Mary was taught to read and write.④Mary took care of sick Amadeus.⑤Mary worked on a steamed boat.A.⑤①③②④ B•⑤④②①③ C.②④⑤③① D.③⑤②④①58. Mary became a mail carrier because . ,A. people in Cascade loved herB. she once worked at St. Peter’s MissionC. Mother Amadeus recommended herD. the US Postal Service needed a female employee59. In the last paragraph, t4her legend" most probably refers to .A. her high social statusB. her unusual life as a pioneerC. her friendship with Amadeus.D. her role in the liberation of slaves (B) JENISON PUBLIC SCHOOLSPart Time Enrollment(Home School Elective Courses)Grades 1-12Jenison International Academy is excited to offer online, nonessential courses to international students. Kindly view the online elective options, as well as the enrollment process, below. The application window for part time enrollments will close on Friday, December 30, 2016.Online Courses Offered Grades 1-12Elective OpportunitiesPlease click to view our Elective Course Offerings.Part Time Enrollment at JIAStudents participating in the program are allowed to enroll in up to 4 elective courses each semester, and have the option to take 100% of their courses online or create a schedule combination of online and on-campus courses at Jenison Public Schools, which may also include Tech Center, Co-op, and other qualified programs. Student Application ProcessSTEP 1: Online PreparationPlease review the following Interactive Online Readiness Criteria. Please keep this form for your own records. Online Readiness CriteriaSTEP 2: Submit Forms & DocumentationBy completing the Part Time Enrollment Application, applicants are fulfilling the Virtual Learning and District-Required Documentation.Printed ApplicationParents or guardians can download, print, and complete the JIA Enrollment paperwork & JPS District Application. Mail, scan or fax all completed paperwork using the contact information provided on the first page. Printed ApplicationAdditional Required Documentation can be found within the enrollment packet . An email will be sent to the parent or guardian email account when a completed application has been received. Upon review and approval, a welcome message and course selection email will be issued to the same address.60. The courses are designed for .A. high-level students who are studying in Jenison Public SchoolsB. international students whose parents work in Jenison Public SchoolsC. foreign students who can’t study full time in Jenison Inte rnational AcademyD. graduate students who want a part-time job in Jenison International Academy61. To get enrolled, one should .A. prepare both online and offlineB. print the Online Readiness CriteriaC. contact JIA in person beforehandD. email the J1A Enrollment paperwork62. What can be learned from the webpage?A. The enrollment should be applied on December 30, 2016.B. The parent or guardian needs to have an email account.C. The students need to study at least 8 courses each year.D. The courses can only be learned online. (C)Two heads are better than one, according to the old saying. So why are groups with lots of“heads” known for making bad decisions? Why does “groupthink”immediately mean ineffectiveness and mistakes?These questions are answered in a fascinating new book called Wiser: Getting Beyond Groupthink to Make Groups Smarter, written by Cass R. Sunstein, a former White House official, and Reid Hastie, an academic specialized in the psychology of decision making. Building on their combined experiences and research, Sunstein and Hastie analyze what goes wrong in group decision-making, and then offer clear-out solutions to overcome these problems.Group decision-making involves discussions among members of a group, each with their own skills, experience, ideas and information. Unfortunately, as the authors explain, there are two types of influence on group members—informational signals and social pressures—which skew (扭曲）the discussions. Informational signals cause people to keep information to themselves when it disagrees with information from others, especially leaders. Social pressures cause people to keep information to themselves to avoid punishment from leaders who are denied.These influences lead to four problems, the authors write: Instead of correcting the errors of their members, groups actually expand those errors; cascade effects (联级效应）take over when the group follows whomever spoke first or loudest; groups become more extreme in their ideas, as the internal discussions strengthen their predisposed（预先有倾向的）thoughts; and groups focus on shared information instead of unshared information.Having laid out the core problems, the authors offer solutions. They begin with a list of methods aimed at handling the four core problems, such as:Leaders have to keep quiet and convince group members that they sincerely want to hear all ideas.Group success should be rewarded. Group members must understand that if the group is right, everyone benefits; this will encourage them to ensure that they find the right answer instead of pushing their own ideas.Group members should be assigned specific roles, thus ensuring that everyone contributes.Either individuals or assigned teams should be tasked with acting as devil’s advocates (唱反调的人).Groups also fail, the author writes, because they don’t distinguish between the early rounds of discussions, in which all ideas must be allowed on the table, and the final rounds of discussions, in which groups must be tight and analytical as they seek the accurate solution. Successful groups will deliberately separate the two processes.In another approach, the authors demonstrate that the wisdom of crowds will often lead to the right answer if a majority of crowd members know their material. Decision-makers often prefer to rely on one single expert, but“chasing the expert”significantly reduces the probability of getting the decision right.Wiser is a quick, engaging and thoughtful read that convincingly argues that, with a few simple steps and open-minded leadership, group discussions can, indeed, lead to wiser decisions.63. The passage is mainly written to .A. make an advertisement for a new bookB. introduce the main points of a new bookC. prove that two heads are better than oneD. show how to make groupthink more effective64. According to the passage, groups sometimes make bad decisions because some members .A. are critical of othersB. are punished by the leaderC. disagree with the leaderD. do not share different ideas65. Which of the following can help improve the effectiveness of groupthink?A. An expert helps to make the final decision.B. Team success is advocated with positive measures.C. No one is allowed to put forward their disagreement.D. Leaders don’t express their own opinions in the process.66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Wiser may be welcomed by decision-makers.B. Wiser can change decision-makers’ attitude towards work.C. The more people in the group, the better decision will be made.D. The final rounds of discussions are the most important in decision-making. Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. A special value is placed on education in Asia, where tutoring is viewed as an extension of the school day.B. Children don't seem to mind that they have a tutor.C. Diagnostic tests can help take into account the areas of study needing special review and emphasis.D. Another reason for the growth in business is parental frustration and their packed schedules.E. Children work cooperatively with their private tutors.F. Nor is it aimed only at lower-achieving students.Tutoring a New NormalIt’s not piano lessons or dance lessons. Nowadays, the biggest extra-curricular activity in the West is going to a tutor. “I spend about 800 Canadian dollars a month on tutors. It’s costly,” says Pet, a mother in Canada. However, she adds, “after finding out half my daughter’s class had tutors, I felt like my child was going to fall behind because everyone else seemed to be ahead.”Shelley, a mother of three, also has tutors constantly coming in and out of her home. “When I used to sit dow n with my children, it was hard to get them focused.I was always shouting. When I got a tutor once a week, they became focused for one entire hour and could get most of their homework done.”Tutoring isn’t simply a private school phenomenon. 67________ In Canada alone, seven percent of high school students reported using a tutor in 2010. That increased to 15 percent last year.Overall, parents hire tutors because they are worried schools are not meeting their expectations, but there is also a cultural shift. 68 ________As a large number of Asians emigrated to the West over the recent years, their attitudes towards education have had an impact.69________ “A lot of parents just don’t have time to help their children with homework,” says Julie Diamond, president of an American tutoring company. “Others couldn’t help their children after Grade 3.”There has been a shift in the attitudes, too. “Children used to get bullied(欺侮）for having a tutor,” Diamond says. “Now it’s becoming the norm to have one.”________One parent feels surprised that so many of her child’s classmates have tutors. “For the amount we pay in tuition, they should have as much extra help as they need，” she says. Still, she’s now thinking of getting a tutor. Why? Her daughter has actually asked for one.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Gene Therapy“We used to think that our fate was in our stars, but now we know that, in large measure, our fate is in our genes,” said James Watson. Watson is a molecular (分子的）biologist and co-discoverer of DNA structure. Why? Scientists are seeing that gene therapy is revolutionizing the treatment of disease.In gene therapy, healthy genes are introduced into defective(有缺陷的）cells to prevent or cure disease. While much of the research is in the beginning stages, some successes point to the real benefit of the therapy. In Italy, doctors have recently treated one genetic disease with gene therapy. This disease most often begins to destroy the brain when children are between 1 and 2, stopping them from walking and talking. By inserting normal, healthy genetic material into a vims and then infecting the patients, scientists seem to be able to cure the disease. Although the children given the therapy still need follow-up treatments, they now lead a relatively normal life.Gene therapy has also been used to help older patients. These people suffer from a disease that causes slow movement and uncontrollable shaking because part of the brain dies. Those treated with gene therapy showed a 23.1 percent improvement when tested six months later.Gene therapy appears to be a more positive alternative to surgery or medicine and is an exciting new approach that is just making the news. Researchers hope that in the coming years, every genetic disease will have gene therapy as its treatment. But more research is needed to assure its safety.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 你是否赞成为贫困学生设立一项基金？（approve)73. 不可否认的是上海迪斯尼乐园每天人满为患。
南通市2017届高三第一次模拟考试-英语
南通市2017届高三第一次调研测试英语第二部分英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分35分)第一节单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)21. The argument doesn’t hold much ground ______ family backgrounds offer graduates anadvantage in the career competition nowadays.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. when22. —Why are you so upset, Mary?—My boss ______ fault with me. He is not so kind as you think.A. always findsB. is always findingC. has always foundD. always found23. Thanks to the efforts of the last three years, there has been a ______ change in the infrastructure construction of our city.A. tentativeB. confidentialC. fundamentalD. conventional24. We are creating a new vision for public health ______ all of society work together to gethealthier and live longer.A. whichB. whomC. whereD. when25. According to the regulations, most of our flights have a baggage ___of 22 kilograms per passenger.A. gravityB. sessionC. punctuationD. allowance26. ______ you think that your parents are mean-spirited at times, loving your parents is a normal and satisfying part of life.A. Even ifB. Now thatC. As thoughD. In case27. I’m sorry to say I failed to meet the deadl ine. With better equipment, I __ the task on schedule.A. would accomplishB. might have accomplishedC. must have accomplishedD. could accomplish28. Many natural disasters took place across the country, ______ severe losses on people’s li fe and property.A.to have broughtB. only bringingC. only to bringD. having brought29.When he ______ the bill in the restaurant, he suddenly realized that he had left his wallet inthe car.A. paidB. would be payingC. was to payD. had paid30. Schools in our city provide a variety of optional classes to ______ students of different levels.A. cater toB. switch toC. object toD. submit to31. The computer program of the 1970s was unable to ______ between letters and numbers.A. discriminateB. concludeC. negotiatepensate32. ______ to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception during hisstay here.A. Being attachedB. AttachedC. AttachingD. Having attached33. —You stayed up late again last night?—Yes. I had to ______ the lost time last week.A. count onB. appeal toC. take awayD. make up34.—What do you think it is that has contributed to his huge success?—______he keeps focused on what he is doing.A. BecauseB. HowC. WhetherD. That第二节完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)Do you see the glass as half-full rather than half-empt？Such clichés （陈词滥调）are 36 questions, as researchers examine with great care the power of positive thinking. Research is proving that optimism can 37 you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, 38 , to hopelessness, sickness and failure, and is linked to 39 , loneliness and painful shyness. If we could teach people to think more positively, it would be like protecting them against these 40 illnesses.Your abilities count but the belief that you can succeed 41 the result. When things go wrong the pessimist tends to 42 himself. “I’m not good at this,” he says. “I always fail.” But the optimist looks for other 43 . Negative or positive, you are what you think. If people feel hopeless they don’t 44 to acquire the skills they need to succeed.A sense of control is the real test for 45 . The optimist feels in control of his own life. If things are going badly, he 46 quickly, looking for solutions, forming a new plan of action, and 47 for advice. The pessimist feels like a toy of fate and moves slowly. He doesn’t seek advice, since he 48 nothing can be done. Many studies suggest that the pessimist’s feeling of helplessness 49 the body’s immune system. The pessimist doesn’t take good care of himself. Feeling passive and unable to avoid life’s 50 , he expects ill health and other misfortunes, no matter what he does. He eats junk food, avoids exercise, and 51 the doctor.Most people are a(n) 52 of optimism and pessimism, but are in favor of one direction or the other. It is a pattern of 53 learned at our mothers’ knees. It grows out of thousands of cautions or 54 , negative statements or positive ones. Pessimism is a hard habit to 55 but it can be done. So, if you are a pessimist, there are ways....36. A. specific B. scientific C. physical D. universal37. A. help B. force C. forbid D. train38. A. for instance B. at best C. in fact D. by contrast39. A. kindness B. carelessness C. passion D. depression40. A. severe B. mental C. terminal D. major41. A. challenges B. contradicts C. affects D. abuses42. A. correct B. comfort C. assist D. blame43. A. excuses B. opportunities C. explanations D. advantages44. A. bother B. agree C. wait D. hesitate45. A. ambition B. success C. conscience D. courage46. A. runs B. acts C. quits D. turns47. A. standing up B. making up C. looking out D. reaching out48. A. suspects B. denies C. assumes D. pretends49. A. weakens B. restores C. improves D.defends50. A. aims B. gifts C. blesses D. blows51. A. consults B. ignores C. praises D. follows52. A. result B. option C. mix D. image53. A. thinking B. behavior C. expression D. complaining54. A. pressures B. favours C. criticisms D. encouragements55. A. develop B. assess C. break D. understand第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AMaximize your holiday budgetWhen it comes to planning a summer getaway, don’t leave money matters to the last minute. It’s wise to get the money matters in the bag first.Travel insuranceLeaving your travel insurance to the last moment is potentially the costliest holiday mistake you can make. Travel insurance doesn’t just protect you from illness and theft when you’re away—it starts as soon as you buy it. This comes into use if you find you need to cancel your trip due to things such as illness or the death of a travelling companion. So it makes sense to get this sorted as soon as you make your first booking.Travel moneyThe worst place to switch your cash into foreign currency is at the airport or ferry port. You’ll find the poorest exchange rates here as they know you’ve no other options. Buy your money at least a week before you go. The best rates can usually be found from specialist brokers, which are often also better than high-street banks. There are exchange-rate comparison websites such as Travel Mo ney Max, which will let you know what you’ll get at the different locations.A budgetIt might not be the most fun thing to think about, but it’s arguably the most important of them all. Work out how much you can afford to spend when you’re away to avoid a ny nasty surprises when you get home. It’s helpful to have a daily budget that you adjust up and down if you spend more or less.56. If you buy travel insurance, you will be compensated ______.A. when you cancel your trip casually B . when a tourist guide dies on the wayC. when you are ill before starting a tripD. when your money is stolen during the trip57. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. It makes sense to work out a daily budget in advance.B. You’ll know different locations at Travel Money Max.C. It costs the least to buy your money in high-street banks.D. You will experience unpleasant surprises after your trip.BNew study suggests angler education can benefit sharksA new study finds fisher education can help protect vulnerable (易受攻击的) shark populations. The research, led by University of Miami (UM) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science scientists, showed that recreational anglers (钓鱼者) were more supportive of shark management and conservation if they had prior knowledge of shark conservation. “The recreational fishing community has a long history of supporting marine conservation efforts, so there is great value in trying to understand which factors affect their behavior and decision making, especially for threatened species such as sharks,” said Austin Gallagher, UM adjunct assistant professor and lead author of the study.The researchers interviewed 158 recreational anglers in South Florida about their attitudes towards shark conservation. They found that many catch-and-release anglers recognized that sharks can suffer from post-release mortality (死亡) but it is still an under-appreciated consequence, particularly for species that are born sensitive, such as hammerheads (双髻鲨). The data also revealed that many recreational anglers are supportive of marine protected areas for threatened sharkspecies, although climate change is a larger perceived threat to sharks than recreational fishing.“Anglers generally care about shark conservation, but are unaware of some potential threats from recreational fishing and how they can best modify their angling techniques to improve survivorship of released sharks,” said co-author Neil Hammerschlag, research assistant professor at the UM Rosenstiel School and UM Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy.According to the authors, the findings suggest a need for increased education and outreach on the impacts of catch-and-release angling on sharks to improve survival rates and conservation of threatened sharks.“Our study identifies important disconnects between existing scientific evidence on the impacts of recreat ional fishing on certain shark species and existing conservation beliefs among anglers,” said Gallagher. “This is a good starting point for new conversations on sustainability within the fishing community.”58. According to the passage, we can make anglers play a role in protecting sharks by ______.A. managing them quite differentlyB. providing other recreational activitiesC. equipping them with necessary informationD. helping them to make much better decisions59. More released sharks could have survived ______.A. if they were sensitive speciesB. if they had been angled scientificallyC. if the climate hadn’t changed so muchD. if they stayed out of protected areas60. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Recreational fishing has little effect on protecting sharks.B. Many recreational anglers are actually for marine conservation.C. The fishing community will surely gain sustainable development.D. The fishing community are willing to give up angling sharks.CGiven that motivation is so central to our lives, what do we truly understand about how it operates and about its role in our lives? The assumption is that it’s driven by a positive, external reward. Do this, get that. But the story is much more complex.One of the most striking aspects of motivation is that it often drives us to achievements that are difficult, challenging and even painful. You may think that you would be happy to spend all your time sitting on a white-sand beach drinking and that as long as you get to fill your days this way, you would be happy forever. But while a few days of enjoyment might be fun from time to time, I can’t imagine that you would be satisfied by spending your days, weeks, months, years and even your life this way.Research that examines the differences between meaning and happiness finds that the things that give us a sense of meaning don’t necessarily make us happy. Moreover, people who report having meaningful lives are often more interested in doing things for others, while those who focus mostly on doing things for themselves report being only superficially (表面的) happy. The essential quality of “meaning” has to do with having a sense of being involved in something bigger than the self.We all know people obtain a great sense of meaning even in the most unpleasant of circumstances. Many volunteers spend portions of their lives working in dangerous, war-torn areas trying to keep disease and death from innocent civilians or teaching orphans to read. Their pain is real; their sense of doing something truly meaningful is substantial (丰富的). They show how ourdeep-rooted desire to believe that our lives have purpose beyond our lifespan drives us to work extra hard, even to the point of our own personal suffering, in order to gain more meaning.The point is that these seemingly odd and irrational (不合理的) motivations get us to do things that are complex, difficult and unpleasant. But they go beyond helping people in need. They motivate us in every aspect of our lives — whether in our personal relationships, in our individual pursuits or in the workplace.61. According to the author, which of the following about motivation is true?A. Motivation is simply driven by external rewards.B. Motivation is largely determined by social responsibilities.C. Motivation enables us to gain more financial returns.D. Motivation drives us to struggle for achievements.62. According to the research, which of the practices gives us a sense of meaning?A. Reading a classic novel in the leisure time.B. Enjoying sunshine and comfort on the beach.C. Accompanying terminal patients in hospital.D. Listening to popular music in the sitting room.63. The example of people’s voluntary work in Para. 4 mainly indicates that ______.A. experiencing personal suffering is a necessary part of our growthB. voluntary work serves the purpose of adding happiness to our livesC. it’s our duty to help people in need to get out of their sufferingsD. life’s great rewards come from our experience of tough circumstances64. What can we infer from the passage?A. People should make sacrifices for social benefits due to their short lifespan.B. The value and impact of motivation goes beyond our social circle and existence.C. Helping people in need is the most important goal of a human being nowadays.D. Superficially happy people usually put others first rather than focus on themselves.DMichael Herr, who has died aged 76, was the author of Dispatches (1977), the best book about the Vietnam war. Herr also made vital contributions to two of the best films on the war, Apocalypse Now and Full Metal Jacket.It took Herr eight years to write Dispatches, in part because he went home from Saigon with a bad case of stress disorder. He had gone to Vietnam as a correspondent for Esquire magazine. An American general asked him whether he was there to write about military fashion, and another whether he was there to write humour. No, he told them. He wrote little for Esquire, but took advantage of the US government’s decision to allow correspondents extraordinary access to go to war with the soldiers. He shared their discomforts and their fears, witnessed their death and recorded their language.His own language, a stream of consciousness pulsing with energy, but masterfully controlled, captured the fear and the horror, but also the excitement, of the war in the jungle and paddy fields. “So much beauty”, he recalled, “and so much pleasure”. He recorded with a connoisseur’s expertise (行家专长) such details as the many ways in which soldiers would wish each other good luck, and the degrees of madness that were considered acceptable.He identified with the young soldiers and learned in the first few days that you could not affect neutrality (中立). “If you are neutral, you don’t get it,” said he. He generally did not carry a weapon,though on occasi on he did fire at Vietnamese in emergencies. The young soldiers, he said, “are my guns”.The power of the book, perhaps, comes from Herr’s insistence on describing the war, or more precisely his own responses to it, rather than protesting (抗议) against it. It also comes from the ceaseless accompaniment of two elements, drugs and music — more particularly rock music, and especially the music of Jimi Hendrix. Herr himself spent drug-fuelled weekends in a flat in Saigon, staring at an ancient French map of Indochina, and he never caught a helicopter without a Hendrix record.He met soldiers with a left pocket full of Dexedrine, the “upper” officially administered by the army to get them into battle, and a right pocket full of “downers” to get them through it. Dispatches did not come out until 1977, when the country was beginning to have its mind on other problems, but it did more, perhaps, than any other book to freeze an image of despair and a sense of waste about the war, rather as the trench poets of 1914 —1918 did in Britain.Herr also made vital contributions to two of the most influential Vietnam films. He wrote Martin Sheen’s voiceover for Francis Ford Coppola’s Apocalypse Now and later wrote the screenplay for Stanley Kubrick’s Full Metal Jacket. His work, in the book and the two films, has been seen as part of the process whereby the US came to see itself and its history no longer merely through traditional literature, but in sounds and images, in ways that prefigured (预示) the internet.In 1980 Herr moved to London, where he stayed until he moved back to the US in 1991. It was there that he met Stanley Kubrick, who became a close friend, though Herr warned against doing business with him. Herr wrote Kubrick’s biography, but he wrote surprisingly little else after Dispatches.65. Why did Michael Herr go to Vietnam during the war years?A. To join the soldiers in military actions.B. To report military actions and advances.C. To give an authentic account of the war.D. To write about military fashion and humour.66. What can we infer from Michael Herr’s statement underlined in Paragraph 4?A. It was impossible to remain neutral during the war.B. It was unnecessary to show pity for the war victims.C. Neutrality is a means to keep you safe during the war.D. Neutrality can help the civilians free from sufferings.67. Which of the following about Dispatches is true?A. It fully describes Herr’s protest against the war.B. Its language is casually selected and organized.C. Music and drugs give the author inspiration.D. It truly reflects Herr’s responses to the war.68. US soldiers brought drugs with them during the war most probably because ______.A. they were addicted to drugsB. they suffered stress disorderC. they used them to cure the woundsD. they exchanged them for music records69. Which of the following can best describe Herr’s attitude towards the war?A. Supportive.B. Uninterested.C. Disapproving.D. Neutral.70. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A. Herr’s work offered Americans more ways to know themselves.B. Herr stopped writing after the book Dispatches was published.C. Herr rejected his friend’s request to write a biography for him.D. Herr’s work played a positive role in the birth of the Internet.21—40 BBCCD ABBCA ABDDA BADDB 41—60 CDCAB BDCAD BCADC DACBB 61—70 DCDBC ADBCA。
2017上海高中英语一模汇编-——六选四 教师版
2017年高三英语一模汇编——六选四One宝山区Section CDirections: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.This future may not be what you thinkB.Robots can’t successfully imitate doctor’s motions in the operating roomC.Finally, several humans observed as the robotic arm made numerous motionsD.The nursing assistant for your next trip to the hospital will still be human beingsE.They will just allow us to decrease workload and achieve better performances in several tasksF.His work indicates that humans and robots can effectively cooperate during high-task events such as surgeriesYour next nurse could be a robotDr. De Momi, of the Politecnico di Milano(Italy), led an international team that trained a robot to imitate natural human actions. (67)___________________Over time this should lead to improvements in safety during surgeries because unlike their human counterparts robots do not tire and can complete an endless series of precise movements. The goal is not to remove skill from the operating room, but to complete it with a robot’s particular skills and benefits.“As a roboticist, I am convinced De Momi’s team photographed a human being conducting numerous reaching motions, in a way similar to handing instruments to a surgeon. These camera captures were input into the neural network of robotic arm, which is crucial to controlling movements. Next a human operator guided the robotic arm in imitating the reaching motions that the human subject had initially performed. Although there was not a perfect overlap between the robotic and human actions, they were broadly similar.(69) ___________________These observers determined whether the actions of the robotic arms were “biologically inspired,” which would indicate that their neural networks had effectively learned to imitate human behavior. About 70% of the time this is exactly what the human observers concluded.These results are promising, although further research is necessary to confirm or refine De Momi’s conclusions. If robotic arms can indeed imitate human behavior, it would be necessary tobuild conditions in which humans and robots can operate effectively in high stress environmentslike operating rooms. (70)_________________________ De Momi’s work is part of the growingfield of healthcare robotics, which has potential to change the way we receive health care soonerrather than later.67-70 FECATwo崇明区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given m the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.. A special value is placed on education in Asia, where tutoring is viewed as an extension of the school day.B. Children don't seem to mind that they have a tutor.C. Diagnostic tests can help take into account the areas of study needing special review and emphasis.D. Another reason for the growth in business is parental frustration and their packed schedules.E. Children work cooperatively with their private tutors.F. Nor is it aimed only at lower-achieving students.Tutoring a New NormalIt’s not piano lessons or dance lessons. Nowadays, the biggest extra-curricular activity in theWest is going to a tutor. “I spend about 800 Canadian dollars a month on tutors. It’s costly,” saysPet, a mother in Canada. However, she adds, “after finding out half my daughter’s class had tutors,I felt like my child was going to fall behind because everyone else seemed to be ahead.s.Shelley, a mother of three, also has tutors constantly coming in and out of her home. “WhenI used to sit down with my children, it was hard to get them focused. I was always shouting.When I got a tutor once a week, they became focused for one entire hour and could get most oftheir homework done.”Tutoring isn’t simply a private school phenomenon. 67________ In Canada alone, seven percent of high school students reported using a tutor in 2010. That increased to 15 percent last year.Overall, parents hire tutors because they are worried schools are not meeting their expectations, but there is also a cultural shift. 68 ________As a large number of Asians emigrated to the West over the recent years, their attitudes towards education have had an impact.69________ “A lot of parents just don have time to help their children with homework,”says Julie Diamond, president of an American tutoring company. “Others couldn’t help their children after Grade 3.”There has been a shift in the attitudes, too. “Children used to get bullied(欺侮）for having a tutor,” Diamond says. “Now it’s becoming the norm to have one.”70 ________One parent feels surprised that so many of her child’s classmates have tutors. “For the amount we pay in tuition, they should have as much extra help as they need，” she says. Still, she’s now thinking of getting a tutor. Why? Her daughter has actually asked for one.FADBThree 杨浦区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there arc two more sentences than you need.A.In a list ranking countries by the happiness of their citizens, it pm tropical Fiji 50 places belowfreezing Iceland.B. The street sweeper can hold his head up high as he proudly does his job.C. Danish people aren't as suspicious as many other nations.D. Most Danes are used to seeing between 50-70% of their salary going to the government!E. Those 5.5 million people who call Denmark their home.F. People have nice things in their houses, but they're not mad about shopping and spending.Where do you think the world's happiest people live? Somewhere hot with sandy beaches? A country with a tradition of the fine food and culture? Not according to a recent study by the university of Leicester. Who are the happiest people on Earth? 67 Surprised? Well you’ll be more surprised when you hear that the Danes pay some some of the highest taxes in the world. So what is the secret of their success?Let's start with all that tax they pay. The Danish government provides its people with one of the finest education and health systems in the world. It spends more on children and elderly people per capital than other country.And there's another advantage to those high taxes. Because a shop assistant's final salary is not that much less than someone who works in a bank, for example, Danes don't choose their careers based on money or status as people in other countries do. They choose the job they want to do. There's a philosophy in Denmark known as "Jante-love", which translates as "you're no better than anybody else." ___68___ But workers in otherr countries are not used to looking at life in this way.Money doesn't seem as important in Denmark. It has been called a "post consumerist" society. ___69___ What is more important is the sense of society and it's no surprise that Danes are very used to socializing. 92% of Danes belong to some kind of social club and these clubs are even paid for by the government.___70___ They also show an amazing amount of trust in each other and their government. You can see sighs of this all over the country. You'll find vegetable stalls with no assistant. Youtake what you want and leave the money in a basket. Perhaps the bike is a good symbol for Denmark. The Danes can afford cars but they choose bikes---simple, economical, non-polluting machines that show no status and help keep people fit.67----70 EBFCFour虹口区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. He found the bacterium had a similar effect on the mice as an anti-depressive drug mightB. Soil bacteria not only benefit people but also benefit animalsC. Gardening can also be used as a way of treating addictionD. It’s no wonder some of us turn to gardening as a form of therapyE. Alcohol can make people behave peculiarly and dangerously in gardeningF. Some experts actually believe that getting outside to dig and plant things acts as a “natural excitement”The Good of GardeningDo you have a hobby that helps you relax and unwind? For some people, there is no better way to relieve pressure than spending time in the garden. This small private area of green space can be their place of calm.__67__. A survey conducted by the Royal Horticultural Society, found that 82% of people in the UK said that gardening makes them happier. It also found that 70% of them, given the choice, would prefer to spend their working day in the garden with just 9% opting for an office.For those with green fingers, the pleasure of gardening comes from getting out in the fresh air, in all weathers and communing with nature -- even if there are a few too many worms! It can also be seen as a sort of digital-detox -- time away from technology. __68__.Dr Christopher Lowry, a neuroscientist at the University of Colorado, injected a bacterium commonly found in soil into mice to see what affection this would have on them. __69__. When we dig in soil we absorb this bacterium through our lungs or cuts in our skin, so Dr Lowry concluded that since the mice seemed happier when treated with soil bacteria, it’s likely we would be, too.__70__. Th ere’s evidence that recovering alcoholics who have been given the opportunity to plant, grow, and even sell their produce, have managed to stop their addictive habits. Scot Stephenson, for example, got dismissed from school and started a vocational qualification in gardening. He says, “I got my NVQ level 2 which is my first qualification and enjoyed it ever since.”Whatever the reason, there are many therapeutic benefits to getting your hands dirty, doing some physical hard work and then watching your garden grow. Does this sound like your idea of fun?67-70: DFACFive黄浦区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Many of us just drive on as we have right of way.B. It is this social aspect that makes many people suspicious about driverless cars.C. The latest robot cars are able to make the necessary eye contact with a human driver.D. Humans are always suspicious about new technologies of which they have little experience.E. Even many people with suspicion accept that emotionless A Vs could cause fewer accidents than we humans.F. These safety-first robot cars could become victims of their own politeness and end up being bullied and ignored by aggressive, impatient humans.Would You B ully(欺负) a Driverless Car or Show It Respect?Say you’re driving down a two-way street and there’s a truck unloading a delivery in the opposite lane. The oncoming traffic needs to pull out into your lane to overtake.What do you do?___67___ Eventually one of us feels charitable and slows down to allow the oncoming car to overtake and give permission with a quick flash of headlights or a wave of the hand.But what if the car waiting patiently behind the parked truck is a driverless or autonomous vehicle (AV)? Will this robot car be able to understand what you mean when you flash your lights or wave your hands?Its sensors could decide that it’s only safe to overtake when there’s no oncoming traffic at all.On a busy road at school home time, this may be never, leading to increasingly angry drivers queuing behind. ___68___ This is one of the conclusions to be drawn from research carried out by Dr Chris Tennant of the psychological and behavioural science department at the London School of Economics.His Europe-wide survey finds that nearly two-thirds of drivers think machines won’t have enough common sense to interact with human drivers, and more than two-fifths think a robot car would remain stuck behind our assumed parked truck for a long time.Driving isn’t just about technology and engineering, it’s about human interactions and psychology. The road is a social space. ___69___ “If you view the road as a social space, you will consciously negotiate your journey with other drivers. People who like that negotiation process appear to feel less comfortable engaging with A Vs than with human drivers,” says Mr Tennant in his report.___70___ A statistic often trotted out(动不动就搬出) is that human error is responsible for more than 90% of accidents, with our tendency to road anger, tiredness and lack of concentration.67-70 AFBESix嘉定长宁区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. They can be endlessly improved as we better understand how to treat animals.B. Experts have broken fresh ground in breeding captive animalsC. Yet critics suggest that animals should not be kept in cageD. Studies have clearly shown that captive animals will live longer and be more active kept in an environment close to their native surroundingsE. This, therefore, puts sever pressure on the legs and feet of these giants and causes long-lasting injury in some captive animals.F. Evidences indicate that some animals depend greatly on surroundings.Are zoos bad for animals ?Zoos have existed since ancient times and were features of the great courts of Egypt and China. The display of unusual animals form foreign countries was, for a long time, a show of wealth and power. Today, zoos focus on the preservation of animals species and the education of the public. __67___Some animals are distinctly unsuited for life in a zoo, however noble the aims of the organization.Keeping elephant in captivity (囚禁) has long caused argument among animals rights activists.Elephant in the wild wander constantly, covering a wide territory on a daily basis. In captivity, they have no choice but to stand still for long periods of time. ___68____. Yet elephants are a threatened species in their native environments and are heavily caught for ivory(象牙)，leather and meat illegally. To protect the species form the wild due to injury or abandonment.___69___. The chances are, if a zoo has nothing but cement floors and metal enclosures, the animals will not do as well. Many famous zoos now construct enclosures allowing animals freedom of movement and native vegetation. Some zoos have even begun housing species of animals together that normally interact in the wild, such as certain types of monkeys.Zoos are not a perfect solution for preservation.____70___. They are undeniably helpful in repopulating declining animal species and encouraging a preservationist outlook, but they are unquestionably primary in their treatment of some animals. Hopefully, animal activists and zoo advocates will continue to work together, finding ways to create the best environment for captive animals in breeding and repopulation efforts.67-70 CEDASeven金山区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Men and women dream about different things.B. A pe rson’s dreams and the meaning of those dreams are between the person and God alone.C. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.D. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic.E. Dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.F. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.What Is a Dream?For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person's wishes. He believed that (67) ___________The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. (68) ___________ For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior. (69) ___________Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women's dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern andtraditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. (70) ___________ The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.67-70 EFCDEight静安区Section CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Keep an eye on your storage media.anization makes it easy to find your stuff later.C.Write down where you have important files.D. Would you care if this was deleted tomorrow?E.Remember something is better than nothing.F. Preserve your digital memories now, before it's too late.How to Keep Your Digital Memorials Safe?Do you value your digital stuff? Nearly everyone is creating things with computers, and some do it without any concern for its value. Others recognize its current value, but think little about what it could mean to them in the future, and either aren't aware or don't think that all of it could be destroyed tomorrow. But hard drives die all the time, and the online services into which people sink their time close with alarming regularity, taking the work of millions of people withit._________67____________.Steps1.Prepare to make a quick backup. If nothing else, get a cheap USB stickanddrag-and-drop your documents folder onto it. Worry about the other thingslater.You should do more than this, but it's most important to take the mostvaluable,irreplaceable information from your hard drive and put it on a second medium to guardagainst hard drive failure, theft or loss.2.Decide what you value. Some questions to ask yourself are:How replaceable is thisdata?How good are you at assessing the value of items? _______68__________. For things likebusiness accounts and documents, the answer is of course you would. This kind of thingshould be your first priority.3.Start making backups.__________69__________Diminishing returns(效益递减) apply in backups as they do with everything else. The cheapest and simplest backup methods take care of an overwhelming majority of likely loss-of-stuff. Over-complicating your backup strategy is the biggest trap: the more complicated and expensive you insist on making it, the less likely you are to do it.4.____________70______________If one of your backup drives fails, replace it immediately. Remember that all storage devices eventually become obsolete (陈旧的). If you have valuable files on obsolete media, those files become increasingly difficult to access with every passing year. So in order to keep your files accessible, remember to migrate your collection to new storage media periodically.5.67-70 FDEANine闵行区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.\A. In a sense, they're not really themselves.B. Rather, a person's thoughts - or at least the thoughts they type - are what really count.C. With so many unknowns, it's easy to let one's imagination "fill in the blanks".D. The internet encourages people to express their ideas in a more free way.E. However, online relationship will be damaged by this kind of image.F. But Some Internet users want more than just someone to chat with.In so many ways, cyberspace(网络空间) mirrors the real world. People ask for information, play games, and share hobby tips. Others buy and sell products. Still others look for friendship, or even love.Unlike the real world, however, your knowledge about a person is limited to words on a computer screen. Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace. ____67____ So even the shyest person can become a chat-room star.Usually, this "faceless" communication doesn't create problems. Identity doesn't really matter when you’re in a chat room discussing politics or ho bbies. In fact, this emphasis on the idea themselves makes the Internet a great place for exciting conversation. Where else can so many people come together to chat about their interests?____68____ They are looking for serious love relationships. Is cyberspace a good place to find love? That answer depends on whom you ask. Some of these relationships actually succeed. Others fail miserably.Supporters of online relationships claim that the Internet allows couples to get to know each other intellectually first. Personal appearance doesn't get in the way.But critics of online relationships argue that no one can truly know another person in cyberspace. Why? Because the Internet gives users a lot of control over how others view them. Internet users can carefully craft their words to fit whatever image they want to give. And they don't have to worry about what their “faceless” communication is doing for their image. ____69____All of this may be fine if the relationship stays in cyberspace. But not knowing a person is a big problem in a love relationship. ____70____ This inevitably leads to disappointment when couples meet in person. How someone imagines an online friend is often quite different from the real person.So, before looking for love in cyberspace, remember the advice of Internet pioneer Clifford Stoll: "Life in the real world is far richer than anything you'll find on a computer screen67-70 BFACTen浦东新区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. However, my work has its challenges.B. Then a second bit of inspiration came my way.C. Distressed as I was, I resolved to pursue my interest in research.D. Besides the spiritual reward, there are other less apparent benefits.E. So I decided to leave the academic path to find a better match.F. Here, at last, was a way to combine my interest in science with my passion for teaching.Ten years ago, after 2 years as a postdoc (博士后), I found myself wondering whether I should take a different road. Up to that point, I had stuck to a pretty traditional path investigating cancer genetics, but I was losing interest in the research. At the same time, federal funding had flattened, which added to my dissatisfaction. ___67___ Then came the hard part: identifying a new career that would nurture my passion for science and allow me to make an impact with my work.As I was considering my options, I found inspiration in my first graduate school research tutor, whose work reminded me that scientists’ efforts away from the bench can be incredibly powerful. But I still didn’t know exactly what I should do. ___68___ A colleague mentioned that a professor at a nearby 2-year college was training students to produce monoclonal antibodies forlabs on campus. I was impressed that the professor had taken on this type of ambitious project with relatively inexperienced students. Curious to find out more, I set up a meeting with John and was struck by his sincerity and the way he prioritized student training above grants, publications, and personal ambition. I could also see his passion for teaching, which reminded me of the dream to become a high school biology teacher.__69___ I found a faculty position and joined John at the same quiet junior college. Now, I effectively hold two positions: classroom instructor and research co-adviser of 15 inexperienced but eager undergraduates. Both roles give me a chance to help students transform themselves, which is enormously rewarding.___70___ It’s discouraging when others see both my students and me as less worthy because we are not at universities. We sometimes struggle to get access to federal funding, scientific conferences, and other resources and opportunities. My pay is below the standard at 4-year research institutions, even though my teaching workload is greater. But my occasional frustration is relieved by the thought of the students, who I have helped train.Looking back at these 10 years, I realize how much my work on this campus has helped me grow, both as an academic and a tutor. I’m grateful that I stepped away from a traditional career path and found a way to serve both the student and research communities in my own way, modest though it may be.67—70 EBFAEleven普陀区Section C 8%Directions：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.More than a quarter are in sub-Saharan Africa.B.There are many reasons for world hunger.C.It takes the effort of every country to fight against world hunger.D.In those places, obesity is a far bigger problem than hunger.E.Those places need far more food than they actually get.F.By the end of this year, more than 35 million people will have died as a result of not having enough to eat.In 2009, the number of hungry people in the world reached one billion for the first time. It'sdifficult not to be shocked by the fact that more than one in seven people in the world do not have enough to eat. __67__ Hunger kills more people per year than diseases such as AIDS, malaria (症疾）and TB(肺结核）combined.The UN estimates that almost two thirds of the world's hungry people are in Asia, which is of course the world's most populous continent. __68__ Although this region has a much lower population than Asia, it has the highest percentage of hungry people. Almost all of the rest are in Latin America, North Africa and the Caribbean. In the richest regions of the world there are only a tiny number of people who don't have enough to eat.__69__ They include wars, droughts, floods, and the over-use of farming land. All these factors affect food production. Many people also blame greedy businessmen for pushing up the prices of basic foods in the global market. But the most important reason, quite simply, is poverty, which has increased recently due to the financial crisis of 2008.Although many people make the obvious point that there would be less hunger if the global population were smaller, few people would argue that there is not enough food to go around. The basic problem seems to be not a lack of food, but its distribution. In the last 50 years, global food production has risen even more quickly than the global population. There are many areas of the world in which people generally have more than enough food. __70__ The answer to world hunger, therefore, may be a balanced food distribution around the whole world. Everyone will have enough to eat, but not overeat.67-70 FABD’Twelve徐汇区Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. When children today play Angry Birds, they won't wonder why the birds are so ill-tempered.B. Hollywood is actually such a power featuring its creativity, imagination and efficiency ingiving rise to its entertainment products.C. It led the way for a number of other equally silly, equally addictive games to invade cellphones everywhere.D. Lego, by putting forward education solutions, is now striving to help kids to stand up to aproblem and solve it.。
2017届上海市各区高三英语一模题型分类专题汇编--阅读理解A篇--学生版（已校对）
Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)You are checking your emails when you start daydreaming about where to go on your summer holiday. This reminds you to compare the cost of local gyms. Then you suddenly decide to look up some place for your birthday party.You may think you are browsing the Internet in a slightly absent-minded manner. You are, in fact, “wilfing”. According to a survey for a financial website, almost seven in ten Internet users admit to the newly named habit. The study of 2400 people carried out by YouGov found that more than a quarter of Internet users wilf ---- a rough acronym of What Was I Looking For? ---- for two days every month.Pete Cohen, GMTV‟s resident life coach and motivator, said, “Stopping yourself wilfing takes a mixture of planning and willpower. These days there are all manners of website attracting our attention. Internet users need to set themselves a specific surfing goal and a time limit to keep on track.”Shopping in the online activity is most likely to make users wilf. Men are more likely to admit to being wilfers than women. A third of the men questioned said the habit had damaged their relationship with a partner. The good news is that wilfing is a habit people tend to grow out of. Internet users aged 55 or over were three times less likely to wilf than those aged under 25.Jason LIoyed, from ,said, “The Internet was designed to make it easier for people to access the information they need quickly and conveniently. Although people log on with a purpose, they are now being offered so much choice and online distractions that many forget what they are there for, and spend hours aimlessly wilfing instead. It‟s important that people do not allow unnecessary online distractions to get in the way when surfing in the Internet, as it can affect produ ctivity in the workplace and relationship at home.”Are you a wilfer, lost in the Internet?56. The underlined word “acronym” in Para. 2 most probably means ______.A. a phenomenon that makes people daydreamB. a summary of the book “What Was I Looking For?”C. an expression meaning taking people‟s attention awayD. a word composed of the first letters of the words in a phrase57. What is an efficient way to stop wilfing according to the passage?A. Stopping taking a mixture of planning and willpower to keep on track.B. Trying to focus on different subjects at the same time.C. Trying to set a surfing goal and a time limit.D. Logging on the Internet all the time.58. It can be concluded from paragraph 4 that ______.A. men are less likely to be wilfing than womenB. wilfing damages the relationship between partnersC. as you grow older, you‟ll become more and more wilfingD. one third of Internet users will be wilfers lost on the Internet59. What can be called “wilfing” according to the passage?A. You spend hours aimlessly surfing the Internet every day.B. You suddenly decide to look up some information about clothes.C. You are accessing the information you need quickly and conveniently.D. You are browsing some of your emails which haven‟t been checked for months.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)①Did English football finally find a new star? At the age of 19, Theo Walcott came onto the scene by scoring a hat-trick for England in a 4-1 victory over Croatia in 2010 World Cup.②Walcott‟s lightning speed and accurate shooting turned the teenager into an overnight star. Many thought he was a new dawn for the England team. He was building his fame for his fast pace, with former Barcelona manager Pep declaring that “you would need a gun to stop him.” FIFA World Player of the Year winner Lionel Messi once also described Walcott as “one of the most dangerous players I have ever played aga inst.” In addition to his speed, Walcott also possessed good balance, movement and technique.③It was symbolic that Walcott‟s goals came from the right-wing. The position had been played by “golden boy” David Beckham for more than 10 years. No longer were the cheers for Beckham. The fans‟ hopes now rested on the shoulders of Walcott.④Walcott was born in London to a black British Jamaican father and a white English mother. He grew up as a Liverpool fan due to his father‟s support of Liverpool. When Chelsea asked him to be a ball boy, he used the opportunity to meet his Liverpool idols.⑤The teenager‟s rise to fame was not completely out of blue. He was part of England‟s World Cup team in 2006, but he did not get to play a match. He also spent over two years at Arsenal, where he was fast becoming a key player.⑥But that year, few were expecting the wonderful performance between England and Croatia. The teenager was the first England player to score three goals in a game since Michael Owen did so seven years before.⑦Although England was full of superstars, they had a poor record in major tournaments. But things were beginning to change. The win against Croatia was sweet revenge. Croatia was the team which knocked England out of Euro 2008.⑧Walcott‟s wonderful performance lighted England fans‟ hope for World Cup victory in South Africa in 2010, since England had not lifted the cup since 1966.⑨But before England fans got too carried away, our reflection on the past history told us that placing a country‟s hopes on one teenager was dangerous.56. Which of the following CANNOT account for Walcott‟s increasing fame?A. Fast speed.B. Masterly skills.C. Positional sense.D. Unusual family.57. Why did the author mention David Beckham in the 3rd paragraph?A. To show that England football once had a glorious history.B. To illustrate that Walcott could be entitled “golden boy”.C. To indicate that England fans were difficult to please.D. To imply that people had high expectation on Walcott.58. In the 5th paragraph, the underlined phrase “out of blue” most probably means “________”.A. impoliteB. unexpectedC. impossibleD. unintentional59. What is the author most likely to agree with?A. Walcott might not live up to fans‟ expectation.B. Walcott might transfer from Arsenal to Liverpool.C. Croatia might change the history of the World Cup.D. England might be defeated by the opponent in the next round.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Jeremy Baras remembers the first time he ever saw a pop-up a restaurant. The 26-year-oldentrepreneur（企业家）was on vacation inEngland four years ago and had to look up at theLondon Eye Ferries wheel to see it. Hanging abovehim was a capsule full of diners who were served anew course each time a revolution was made.“Ithought that was the coolest thing ever”, he says.Baras, who founded in 2012 to promote the idea of pop-up restaurants in USA, has been studying them ever since.Pop-ups, which have been around since at least the early 2000s, are open anywhere from a few hours to several months, but their defining feature is that they are temporary. They may be only a tiny part of the $709 billion U.S. restaurant industry, but popups have gotten a boost inrecent years as a lower-cost, lower- risk way for entrepreneurs to test the waters. Some restaurant owners see them as a way to renew interest in existing locations. And some struggling cities, like Oakland, Calif., have turned to them to help revitalize local economies impacted by the recession （衰退）.The concept has been especially popular with up-and-coming chefs who want to test-drive as a menu concept without investing a fortune in a permanent space. “Your cooks and chef s are really talented, but they‟re stuck in the back of somebody else‟s kitchen cooking somebody else‟s menu,” says Zach Kupperman, chief businessman officer and co-founder of Dinner Lab.Chefs in Dinner Lab cook in the middle of space, give a brief introduction about the menu and themselves — and then bravely listen to diner feedback afterward. Pop-ups‟ temporary nature also allows restaurateurs to charge a deposit to make sure the diners will show up.Of course, trends in the food industry come and go quickly, and there is no guarantee that diners won‟t tire of the concept. Some entrepreneurs have resorted to even a weirder locations —in a former limestone mine, say, or at the top of a crane —to keep customers interested. Says Baras, “It's not quite part of the mainstream economy yet.”56. What does the underlined part “a revolution wasmade” in Paragraph One possibly mean?A. Chefs designed creative dishes.B. Diners tasted food in an innovative way.C. The capsule containing diners made a circle.D. Great changes were made in the food industry.57. Which of the following might NOT be the reasons for pop-up restaurants‟ fast development?A. Being temporary features pop-up restaurants.B. Pop-up restaurant can restore local economy to prosperity.C. Business owners venture into the business with fewer risks and investments.D. Restaurant owners can make diners interested in the original restaurants again.58. Perspective chefs are drawn to pop-ups due to the fact that__________________.A. pop-ups are becoming increasingly popular with diners worldwideB. they have the desire to explore a safer way to make a livingC. their investment in pop-ups will bring them a fortune on a permanent basisD. pop-ups provide a flexible test field for talented chefs‟ originality59. The writer‟s propose of writing the passenger is to___________________.A. appeal to people to dine out in pop-up restaurantsB. give a brief introduction of pop-up restaurantsC. warn business owners of the appearance of pop-up restaurantsD. foresee the future of pop-up restaurants‟ developmentSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)In Michael Morpurgo‟s novel War Horse, the horse is not only the principal character,he is the teller of his own story.Set in England and France 100 years ago War Horse tells the story of Joey, a handsome young horse who strikes up a close relationship with Albert, the teenage son of Joey‟s owner.But war breaks out and they are separated and plunged into the horrors of the war in France.Both survive and are finally reunited after a remarkable series of events seen through the eyes of the splendid war horse, Joey.The following cutting comes from near the beginning of the book after Albert, much to his56. What amazed Albert‟s father was that Joey could_______.A. help turn the soilB. survive the horrible warC. tell his own storiesD. make friends with people57. As for the coming war,Mother said that________.A. their village would get involved very soon.B. both Albert and Joey could be tough fightersC. the old duke‟s death maybe meant nothing to themD. Albert was not grown up enough to join the army58. Which of the following best describes Albert according to Joey‟s account in war horse?A. Imaginative but timidB. Innocent but braveC. Quiet but thoughtfulD. Ambitious but coldSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.ALate one autumn day at the aquatic center(水上运动中心）in Ancenis, France, something went quietly, horribly wrong. An 18-year-old named Jean-Francois LeRoy was a regular, coming often in the early evenings to swim in the 25-meter pool. Drownings are often difficult to spot. Most are near-silent incidents where the victim quickly sinks out of view. On this particular day maybe the lifeguards weren't paying as close attention as they should have been. Certainly they believed the tall athletic LeRoy was not a high-risk swimmer.But on this evening LeRoy was practicing apnea(屏气）swimming—testing how far he could swim underwater on one breath—and at some point, without making any visible or audible disturbance on the water's surface, he lost consciousness. The guards failed to notice as he stopped swimming and sank to the bottom of the deep end of the pool. With his arms crossed over his head and his feet twitching (抽搐),he was unconscious and drowning. It would lake him as little as four minutes to die.Although the human lifeguards watching the pool were unaware, 12 large machine eyes deep underwater were watching the whole thing and taking notice. Just nine months earlier the center had installed a state-of-the-art electronic surveillance system called Poseidon, a network of cameras that feeds a computer programmed to use a set of complex mathematical procedure to distinguish between normal and distressed swimming. Poseidon covers a pool's entire swimming area and can distinguish among dim reflections, shadows, and actual swimmers. It can also tell when real swimmers are moving in a way they're not supposed to. When the computer detects a possible problem, it instantly activates a beeper to warn lifeguards and displays the exact incident location on a monitor. The rest is up to the humans above the water.Sixteen seconds after Poseidon noticed the large, sinking lump that was Jean-Francois LeRoy, lifeguards had LeRoy out of the pool and gave him first aid. He started breathing again. After one night in the local hospital, he was released with no permanent damage. Poseidon had saved his life.56.People sometimes fail to detect accidents in the swimming pool because________ .A.lifeguards neglect their dutiesB. drowning men don‟t struggle in waterC.there is no electronic surveillance system installedD.drownings often occur quietly and quickly57.Which of the following statements in NOT true?A.Lifeguards will give way to Poseidon system.B.Poseidon system can locate drowning incidents.C.Poseidon system can pick out unusual swimmers.D.Lifeguards will count on Poseidon system.58.The purpose of this passage is to _____________ .A.publicize a machine which can watch out for swimmers in distressB.tell people what may happen in a swimming poolC.warn swimmers not to swim underwater aloneD.advertise an aquatic center equipped with state-of-the-art devicesSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)They swim lovely along the shore, looking for underwater greens to feed on. But these days, along Florida‟s western coast, something is mixing with the sea grass that manatees(海牛) like to eat. And it‟s making them sick - even killing them.It‟s a poisonous form of algae, usually called “red tide” because of its color. Algae are plant-like organisms that live mainly in water. Most are harmless, but not red tide. When it gets mixed in with the grass and the manatees eat it, the y get so sick that they can‟t even swim.“They‟re basically paralyzed(瘫痪的), and they become unconscious,”said Virginia Edmonds, an animal care manager. Manatees are mammals and they need to surface often to breathe in air. If a manatee is paralyzed, it can‟t swim and will drown.As of Monday, the current red tide outbreak has killed at least 174 manatees since the beginning of this year. That has already beaten Florida‟s record-high number for manatee deaths in a single year - and we still have nearly nine months to go!The experts aren‟t sure when the red tide outbreak will end. So many more manatees are in danger. The situation has gotten so desperate that Florida zoos have rescued at least a dozen manatees. You can find manatees anywhere from Brazil up to Florida - and throughout much of the Caribbean Sea.In fact, the manatee is officially considered an endangered species. Thanks to the US government‟s protection, Florida‟s manatee population has grown to approximately 5,000 in recent years. But the red tide is threatening their survival. Some experts suspect that pollution from farms even might be fueling the red tide outbreak, because fertilizer that‟s used on farms often winds up in water. And when that fertilized water runs off into the Gulf of Mexico, it makes things grow faster - just like on land.56. The word “them”(in the 1st paragraph) probably refers to “________”.A. underwater greensB. algaeC.manateesD.endangered animals57. We can learn from the passage that the red tide ________.A.causes 174 manatees‟ deaths every month.B.disables manatees‟ ability to surface to breathe.C.has destroyed most of the underwater greens.D.helps to fertilize farm lands.58. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The experts‟ efforts to keep the red tide from spreading.B. The potential cause of the expansion of the red tide.C. The present situation of manatees in Florida.D. The deadly effect of the poisonous red tide on manatees.59. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The red tide has been changing the manatees‟ habitant.B. The manatee is officially an endangered species.C. More efforts should be made to save the manatees.D. The red tide has been threatening the manatees.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)They say a cat has nine lives, and I think that possible since I am now living my third life and Pm not even a cat. My father died when T was 15, and we had a hard struggle to make a living. And my mother, who was seriously ill in her last years, died while still in her 60s. My sister married soon after, and I followed her example within the year.This was when I began to enjoy my first life. T was very happy, in excellent health. I had agood job in San Jose and a beautiful home up the peninsula in San Carlos. Life was a pleasant dream. Then the dream ended. I became afflicted（使苦恼）with a slowly progressive disease of the motornerves, affecting first my right arm and leg, and then my other side. Thus began my second life....In spite of my disease I still drove to and from work each day, with the aid of special equipment installed in my car. And I managed to keep my health and optimism, to a degree, because of 14 steps. Crazy? Not at all. Our home was an affair with 14 steps leading up from the garage to the kitchen door. Those steps were a standard measure of life. They were my yardstick, my challenge to continue living. I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it ---repeating the process 14 times, I would be through---1 could then admit defeat and lie down and die.Then on a dark night in August, 1971, I began my third life. It was raining when I started home that night; strong winds and slashing rain beat down on the car as I drove slowly down one of the less-traveled roads. Suddenly the steering wheel jerked（猝然一动）. In the same instant I heard thebang of a blowout. It was impossible for me to change that tire! Utterly impossible!I started the engine and thumped slowly along until I came to the dirt road, where I turned in and where I found lighted windows welcomed me to a house and pulled into the driveway and blared the horn.The door opened and a little girl stood there. When she knew what happened to me, she went into the house and a moment later came out, followed by a man who called a cheerful greeting. I sat there comfortable and dry, and felt a bit sorry for the man and the little girl working so hard in the storm.About an hour later, the man's voice was heard, “This is a bad night for car trouble, but you're all set now. ” “Thanks，” I said. “How much do I owe you?” He shook his head, “Nothing. Cynthia told me you were a cripple. Glad to be of help. 1 know you'd do the same for me. There‟s no charge, friend.” I held out a five-dollar bill，“No! I like to pay my way.” He made no effort to take it and the little girl stepped closer to the window and said quietly, “Grandpa can‟t see it. ”56. “A cat has nine lives” here means _________.A. a cat can live nine times longer than any other animalB. a cat can die ninthC. a lucky man cannot die easilyD. the writer will live nine times57. What do you think of the man who helped change the tire? .A. Warm-hearted but pitiableB. Warm-hearted and happyC. A blind old man that has nothing to do every dayD. A poor old man that is always ready to help others58. How will the story be ended?A. The writer paid the little girl but the old man did not accept.B. The writer drove away with tears running down his cheek.C. The writer stayed there, without knowing what to do and how to do.D. In the next few frozen seconds the writer felt the shame and astonishment he had never feltbefore.59. The best title for this passage perhaps will be ___________.A. The Old Man and His DaughterB. Heart Leaping UpC. Never Lose HeartD. Good Will Be Rewarded GoodSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）The Hawthorne experiment was conducted in the late 1920s and early 1930s. The management of Western Electric‟s Hawthorne plant, located near Chicago, wanted to find out if environmental factors, such as lighting, could affect workers‟ productivity and mora le. A team of social scientists experimented with a small group of employees who were set apart from their coworkers. The environmental conditions of this group‟s work area were controlled, and the subjects themselves were closely observed. To the great surprise of the researchers, the productivity of these workers increased in response to any change in their environmental conditions. The rate of work increased even when the changes (such as a sharp decrease in thelevel of light in the workplace) seemed unlikely to have such an effect.It was concluded that the presence of the observers had caused the workers in the experimental group to feel special. As a result, the employees came to know and trust one another, and they developed a strong belief in the importance of their job. The researchers believed that this, not the changes in the work environment, accounted for the increased productivity.A later reanalysis of the study data challenged the Hawthorne conclusions on the grounds that the changes in patterns of human relations, considered so important by the original researchers, were never measured. However, even if the original conclusions must be revised, they nonetheless raise a problem for social scientists: Research subjects who know they are being studied can change their behavior. Throughout the social sciences, this phenomenon has come to be called the Hawthorne effect.56. The author implies that a sharp decrease in light increased workers‟ output because ________.A. the workers experienced less eyestrain in a dark working placeB. the workers had to pay more attention to what they were doingC. the workers knew they were being observed, and this motivated themD. the workers in the experiment were paid more than other workers57. The pattern of organization of the second paragraph is__________.A. list of itemsB. time orderC. definition and exampleD. cause and effect58. The Hawthorne experiment suggests that___________.A. workers‟ attitudes are more important than their enviro nmentB. social scientists are good workersC. productivity in electric plants tends to be lowD. even those who were not in the experiment improved their productivity59. The author‟s main purpose is_____________.A. to explain the Hawthorne effectB. to prove the importance of researchC. to amuse with a surprising experimentD. to suggest ideas for future researchSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）A woman standing over six feet tall and weighing about 200 pounds isbound to make an impression. But in Mary Fields‟ case, these features wereoutmatched by a heart of gold that made her legendary (传奇的).Born into slavery in Tennessee in 1832 or 1833, Mary had nothing, noteven a date of birth. However, in her early years, she found something of trulylasting value—a friend named Dolly. In addition to friendship, Dolly also may have taught Mary to read and write, an invaluable advantage for slaves. At the end of America‟s Civil War, Mary finally received her freedom and made her own way out into the world.Mary was employed on a steamboat as a maid when she received word from Dolly, now a nun(修女) in Ohio called Mother Amadeus. Mary arrived in Ohio in 1878 and worked at Amadeus‟ girls‟ school, managing the kitchen and garden. She became known as a gun-carrying, cigar-smoking woman, but also as an example of kindness and reliability. After a few years, though, Amadeus was sent to another school out West in Montana, becoming the first black woman to settle in central Montana.When Mary was in her 50s, a sick Mother Amadeus called her West. So Mary made her way to the small town of Cascade, Montana, to nurse Amadeus to health. She did this and more, running supplies and visitors to St. Peter‟s Mission where Amadeus lived. Once when her wagon (四轮马车) overturned, she guarded the delivery from wolves through the night.But Mary‟s rough edges caused the local bishop (主教) to prohibit her from working at the mission. Mother Amadeus then set her up as the first African-American female employee of the U.S. Postal Service. Though in her 60s, Mary was such a dependable mail carrier that she earned the name “Stagecoach” Mary. She became a beloved figure in Cascade. She was the only woman allowed in the saloon (酒馆), was the baseball team‟s biggest fan and was given free meals in the town hotel.Nearly 70, Mary quit delivering the mail but remained in Cascade. The town‟s school closed to celebrate her unknown birthday twice a year. When she passed away in 1914, a simple cross was placed to mark her grave and her legend in the Wild West.56. What about Mary Fields impressed people most?A. Her tall and fat figure.B. Her reputation as an educated slave.C. Her friendliness and responsibility.D. Her habit of carrying a gun and smoking.57. Which of the following shows Mary‟s life experience in the order of time?①Mary began to deliver mail in Cascade.②Mary worked in a school in Montana.③Mary was taught to read and write.④Mary took care of sick Amadeus.⑤Mary worked on a steamed boat.A. ⑤①③②④B. ⑤④②①③C. ②④⑤③①D. ③⑤②④①58. Mary became a mail carrier because ________.A. people in Cascade loved herB. she once worked at St. Peter‟s MissionC. Mother Amadeus recommended herD. the US Postal Service needed a female employee59. In the last paragraph, “her legend” most probably refers to ________.A. her high social statusB. her unusual life as a pioneerC. her friendship with Amadeus.D. her role in the liberation of slavesSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Roald Dahl - the author who entertained people with classics like Matilda, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and James and the Giant Peach - would have been 100 years old this year. Roald Dahl is most famous for the books he wrote for children, but he also wrote novels and short stories for adults, screenplays, and non-fiction, too!。
崇明英语一模高考试卷
Part I Listening Comprehension (25 points)Section A (5 points)In this section, you will hear five short conversations. After each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.1. A) He has no intention of studying abroad.B) He is eager to go abroad for further study.C) He doesn't have enough money for the trip.D) He doesn't like the country he is applying to.2. A) The woman is going to attend a conference.B) The man is planning a trip to Paris.C) The woman is a professional traveler.D) The man is asking for travel advice.3. A) She will help him find a new apartment.B) She will rent a room for him.C) She will stay with him until he finds a new place.D) She will buy him a house.4. A) She is a vegetarian.B) She is a vegan.C) She is a pescatarian.D) She is a flexitarian.5. A) He prefers to go hiking.B) He prefers to go swimming.C) He prefers to stay at home.D) He prefers to go shopping.Section B (10 points)In this section, you will hear two long conversations. After each conversation, there will be several questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Conversation 16. What is the main topic of the conversation?A) The woman's new job.B) The man's recent trip.C) The woman's health condition.D) The man's career plans.7. Why does the woman seem worried?A) She is concerned about her new job.B) She is anxious about her health.C) She is worried about her relationship.D) She is afraid of changing her lifestyle.8. What advice does the man give to the woman?A) To take a break and relax.B) To change her job immediately.C) To seek professional help.D) To continue with her current lifestyle.Conversation 29. What is the purpose of the conversation?A) To discuss a business deal.B) To plan a vacation.C) To review a project.D) To set up a meeting.10. What is the main challenge they are facing?A) They have different opinions on the project.B) They have conflicting schedules.C) They have limited resources.D) They have unclear goals.Section C (10 points)In this section, you will hear a passage three times. The passage is printed in your test paper, so you can read it while listening. After the first reading, you should complete the sentences (11-13). After the second reading, you are required to fill in the blanks in the summary (14-16). After the third reading, complete the tasks based on what you have heard (17-20).11. The author believes that creativity is essential for success in the workplace.12. According to the speaker, one should always challenge the status quo.13. The author suggests that creative individuals should embrace failure as a learning opportunity.14. [ ] ... the importance of creative thinking in today's fast-paced world.15. [ ] ... how to foster creativity in the workplace.16. [ ] ... the role of creativity in problem-solving.17. Write a short paragraph summarizing the main points of the passage.18. Describe how creativity can be applied to solve a problem in your daily life.19. Explain why creativity is important for personal and professional growth.20. Propose a creative solution to a problem faced by your school or community.Part II Structure and Vocabulary (25 points)Section A (15 points)In this section, there are 15 incomplete sentences. Each sentence has one blank. Choose the correct answer from the four options to complete the sentence.21. The book was so fascinating that I ________ (spend) the entire night reading it.A) spentB) have spentC) had spentD) would spend22. ________ (you) interested in the movie will be able to watch it at the cinema.A) WhetherB) IfC) Whether youD) If you23. By the time we arrived at the party, ________ (the) music had already started.A) itB) thatC) whichD) who24. She ________ (go) to the library when she received a phone call from her friend.A) was about toB) has goneC) had goneD) had been going25. The teacher encouraged us to ________ (be) more active in class discussions.A) beB) beingC) to beD) been26. It is ________ (impossible) to complete the project on time without additional resources.A) soB) tooC) veryD) much27. ________ (interest) in the new product has led to a high demand in the market.A) There isB) It isC) There hasD) It has28. I ________ (be) late for the meeting if I had known the traffic was so heavy.A) wouldn't have beenB) wouldn't haveC) wouldn'tD) wasn't29. ________ (live) in a small town can have its own advantages.A) ToB) LivingC) LiveD) Lives30. The meeting was ________ (be) canceled due to the bad weather.A) toB) beingC) beenD) having been31. ________ (be) honest, I don't think this is the best solution to the problem.B) BeingC) BeD) Were32. The teacher ________ (be) praised for her dedication to teaching.A) hasB) hadC) haveD) having33. ________ (take) a break is important to maintain productivity.A) ToB) TakingC) TakeD) Taken34. ________ (work) hard, you will achieve your goals.A) ToB) WorkingC) WorkD) Worked35. ________ (be) a leader requires strong communication skills.A) ToB) BeingC) BeSection B (10 points)Complete the following sentences using the appropriate forms of thegiven verbs.36. The company (plan) to expand its operations next year.37. By the time we get to the restaurant, the food (be) already served.38. She (not have) enough money to buy a new car.39. The experiment (fail) if we don't follow the instructions carefully.40. He (promise) to help us with the project.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 points)Section A (20 points)Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The benefits of exercise are well-documented, but new research suggests that the physical activity we engage in can also have a significant impact on our mental health. Regular exercise has been shown to reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression, improve mood, and increase self-esteem. Additionally, it can enhance cognitive function, including memory, attention, and problem-solving skills.One reason for these benefits may be the release of endorphins, thebody's natural painkillers and mood lifters. When we exercise, these chemicals are released into the brain, which can lead to a feeling of well-being. Another factor is the increased blood flow to the brain, which can improve brain function and reduce the risk of cognitive decline.While the benefits of exercise are clear, it's important to note thatnot all types of exercise are equally effective for everyone. Some individuals may find that certain activities, such as yoga or meditation, are more beneficial for their mental health than traditional forms of exercise like running or lifting weights.In conclusion, regular exercise is a powerful tool for improving both physical and mental health. By incorporating different types of physical activity into our daily routines, we can experience a wide range of benefits that contribute to a healthier and happier life.Questions:41. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The different types of exercise available.B) The benefits of exercise for mental health.C) The impact of exercise on cognitive function.D) The importance of regular exercise.42. What is the role of endorphins in the benefits of exercise?A) They help to reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression.B) They improve blood flow to the brain.C) They increase the release of adrenaline.D) They provide a natural pain relief.43. Why is it important to note that not all types of exercise are equally effective for everyone?A) Because some individuals may not enjoy certain activities.B) Because different types of exercise may have different effects on mental health.C) Because exercise is not effective for everyone.D) Because exercise can be harmful if not done correctly.44. What is the author's conclusion about the benefits of exercise?A) Regular exercise is a powerful tool for improving physical health.B) Regular exercise is a powerful tool for improving mental health.C) Regular exercise is beneficial for both physical and mental health.D) Regular exercise is the only way to improve mental health.Section B (20 points)Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate and access information. It has also had a profound impact on the way we work, learn, and live. While the Internet offers numerous benefits, it also presents challenges and risks.One of the most significant benefits of the Internet is the ease with which we can connect with people from all over the world. Social media platforms, email, and video conferencing tools have made it possible to maintain relationships and collaborate with others regardless of geographical distance. Additionally, the Internet provides access to a vast amount of information, which can be a valuable resource forlearning and research.However, the Internet also poses several risks. Cybersecurity threats, such as hacking and phishing, are on the rise, and personal information can be easily compromised. Moreover, the Internet can be a source of misinformation and fake news, which can be harmful to individuals and society as a whole.To mitigate these risks, it is important to be cautious when using the Internet. This includes using strong passwords, being aware of phishing scams, and critically evaluating the information we find online. It is also crucial to maintain a healthy balance between online and offline activities to ensure our well-being.Questions:45. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of the Internet.B) The challenges and risks of the Internet.C) The impact of the Internet on communication.D) The role of the Internet in learning and research.46. According to the passage, what are some of the benefits of the Internet?A) It allows us to connect with people worldwide.B) It provides access to a vast amount of information.C) It enhances our creativity and problem-solving skills.D) All of the above.47. What are some of the risks associated with the Internet?A) Cybersecurity threats.B) Misinformation and fake news.C) The potential for addiction.D) All of the above.48. What is the author's advice for using the Internet safely?A) Use strong passwords.B) Be aware of phishing scams.C) Critically evaluate the information you find online.D) All of the above.49. What is the author's perspective on maintaining a healthy balance between online and offline activities?A) It is not important.B) It is beneficial for our well-being.C) It is only necessary for children and teenagers.D) It is a waste of time.Part IV Writing (25 points)Write an essay on one of the following topics:50. The importance of environmental protection in modern society.51. The impact of technology on our daily lives.52. The role of education in preparing students for the future.53. The benefits of traveling and experiencing different cultures.54. The importance of maintaining good health and fitness.Your essay should be about 200-250 words, and you should include an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Use appropriate vocabulary and sentence structures to support your ideas.。
崇明2017届高三英语一模试卷
崇明2017届高三英语一模试卷崇明县2017年第一届高考模拟试题英语(120分，满分140分)请填写答题卡上的答案)i。
你将听到两个演讲者之间的十个简短对话。
在每次对话结束时，将会问一个关于说了什么的问题。
对话和问题只会说一次。
在你听到一个对话和关于它的问题后，阅读你论文中的四个可能的答案，并决定哪一个是你听到的问题的最佳答案。
1.一个邮递员。
一名教师。
一名记者。
图书管理员。
2.答:在飞机上。
在火车上。
在一家餐馆。
在一家旅行社。
3.a5分钟。
10分钟。
大约15分钟。
20分钟。
4.他花了太多的钱。
B。
他应该多看看电视。
他实际上喜欢看电视。
他买了一块昂贵的手表。
5.这个女人应该买块新手表。
这个女人需要再买一件衣服。
他知道手表出了什么问题。
商店可能会修理女人的手表。
6.他应该在暑期学校工作。
他可能不想这样做。
7.在课程上花更多的时间。
尽快放弃这门课程。
8.他们应该买很多咖啡。
超市里的咖啡缺货。
9.期末考试。
一所法学院。
10.他在那里找不到座位。
那里的座位不舒服。
B。
他不应该在夏天去纽约。
他这样做可能有困难。
向毕业助理寻求帮助。
D。
帮助研究生助教学习这门课程。
超市不会关门的。
他们应该等待更好的咖啡交易。
推荐信。
部门政策。
他在那里等了很长时间才找到一个座位。
它为顾客提供阅读材料。
第二部分方向:在第二部分，你将听到几个简短的对话和短文，你将被问及关于每个对话和短文的几个问题。
对话和文章将被读两遍，但问题只会说一次。
当你听到一个问题时，阅读你论文中的四个可能的答案，并决定哪一个是你听到的问题的最佳答案。
问题11至13基于以下新闻。
11.a2 .B. 18 .大约125。
超过1300人。
12.帮助好的大学招收更多的学生。
从外国学生那里获得更多的资助。
鼓励更多的外国学生在英国旅游。
吸引更多优秀的外国学生到英国工作。
高三英语，10页，1页13。
答:他投了唐纳德·特朗普的票。
他没有在总统选举中投票。
他在音乐会上做了一次政治演讲。
2017年上海市崇明区英语高考一模卷(含答案和解析)
崇明县2016学年第一次高考模拟考试试卷英语(考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A postwoman. B. A teacher. C. A journalist. D. A librarian.2. A. On a plane. B. On a train.C. At a restaurant.D. At a travel agency.3. A. 5 minutes. B. 10 minutes. C. 15 minutes. D. 20 minutes.4. A. He spends too much money. B. He should watch more TV.C. He actually likes watching TV.D. He bought an expensive watch.5. A. The woman should get a new watch. B. The woman needs to buy another battery.C. He knows what is wrong with the watch.D. The store can probably fix the woman’s watch.6. A. He should work in the summer school. B. He shouldn't go to New York in the summer.C. He may not want to do so.D. He may have difficulty in doing so.7. A. Spend more time on the course. B. Turn to the graduate assistant for help.C. Drop the course as soon as possible.D. Help the graduate assistant with the course.8. A. They should buy a lot of coffee.B. The supermarket isn’t going to be closed.C. Coffee is out of stock in the supermarket.D. They should wait for a better deal on coffee.9. A. The final exam. B. A law school.C. A reference letter.D. The department policy.10. A. He wasn't able to find a seat there.B. He had to wait a long time for a seat there.C. The seats there are uncomfortable.D. It provides reading materials for customers.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.11. A. 2. B. 18. C. About 125. D. Over 1,300.12. A. Helping good universities to enroll more students.B. Getting more financial support from foreign students.C. Encouraging more foreign students to travel around the UK.D. Attracting more excellent foreign students to work in Britain.13. A. He voted for Donald Trump.B. He did not vote in the presidential election.C. He made a political speech in the concert.D. He sang for only 40 minutes in the concert.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They can play many kinds of games with snow.B. They can see the beautiful scenery of falling snow.C. They can have several days off from school if it snows.D. They can enjoy steaming hot chocolate on a snowy day.15. A. The building of snowmen for children. B. The removal of snow off their driveway.C. The spread of salt mixed with sand.D. The low temperature that snow brings.16. A. Rare and exciting. B. Dangerous and challenging.C. Unusual but disappointing.D. Troublesome but interesting.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It encourages wise consumption. B. It is impossible to be stolen.C. It makes it easier to pay off debt.D. It can be used in an emergency.18. A. It makes people feel safer.B. It prevents people from overspending.C. It enables people to get things cheaper.D. It helps people know more about money.19. A. Doing some shopping. B. Doing some reading.C. Opening an account.D. Taking a lesson.20. A. Shop owners prefer cash to credit cards.B. The woman pays part of his bill each month.C. Most people don’t choose to use credit cardsD. The man wasn’t persuaded by the woman at last.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Suspended CoffeeHow about buying a cup of coffee for someone you’ll never meet?The idea, begun in Naples, Italy, and called “Suspended Coffee”--- i.e., a customer pays for a coffee and “banks” it for someone (21)__________(fortunate) —has become an international internet sensation(轰动) with coffee shops in Europe and North America (22) __________ (participate) in the movement. The Facebook page alone has more than 28,000 “likes”.The tradition of “suspended coffee” is a long-standing tradition in Italy (23) __________ increased in popularity after the Second World War. Recently the practice was starting to take hold in other European countries (24) __________ (hit) hard economically.Homegrown Hamilton, a coffee chain of Canada, has decided to join the effort. “It’s a fantastic initiative (25) __________we decided to help out. We had been doing it pretty much anyway, justnot under a banner. During the winter, we were giving away coffee or soup to the homeless,” said manager Mike Pattison, “Staff members are always close to the coffeehouse’ front door, and (26) __________they see someone walking by who looks like they want, a coffee but can’t afford it, they approach that person. If the offer (27) __________ (accept), they provide the coffee.”However, not everyone supports the idea. In a posting on the website, Consumerist, columnist Laura Northrup raises (28) __________number of objections, including that coffee isn’t nutritious food for people who are hungry and (29) __________ the action could result in “greedy people” asking advantage of others’ kindness. He says people (30) __________ consider other ways to help.【答案】21. less fortunate22.participating23. that/which24. hit25. So 26. if/when/as27. is accepted 28. a29.that 30. should【解析】21.考查形容词，句意为“顾客支付一杯咖啡，并为不幸的人储存”，故为less fortunate22.考查非谓语，participate与sensation构成主动，故用participating23.考查定语从句，tradition为物，故用that/which24.考查非谓语，hit与European countries构成被动，故用hit25.考查连词，后句为前句的果，故用so26.考查连词，前句为后句的条件，故用if/when/as27.考查被动语态，offer只能被认可，而不能自己主动认可，故用is accepted28.考查冠词，a number of 大量的29.考查宾语从句，前面的and说明是两句话，故应与前文的including that相呼应，故用that30.考查情态动词，句意为“他说人们应该考虑其他方式来提供帮助。
江苏省南通市2017届高三第一次模拟测试英语试题及答案
南通市2017届高三第一次调研测试英语第一部分听力 (共两节，满分20分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man wearing now?A. A blue sports shirt.B. A green sports shirt.C. A green shirt.2. What’s the relationship between the speakers?A. Mother and son.B. Neighbors.C. Teacher and pupil.3. What does the woman give the man?A. Her account number.B. Her gas bill.C. Her password.4. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a classroom.B. In a drugstore.C. In a doctor’s office.5. What does the woman mean☐?A. She doesn’t want any more homework.B. The man often forgets his homework.C. Nobody did their homework.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
2017年上海市崇明县高三英语一模
2017 崇明Suspended CoffeeHow about buying a cup of coffee for someone you’ll never meet?一i.e., a customer pays for aThe idea, begun in Naples, Italy, and called “Suspended Coffee”___________ (fortunate) —has become an internationalcoffee and “banks”it for someone (21)internet sensation(轰动) with coffee shops in Europe and North America (22)___________ (participate) in the movement. The Facebook page alone has more than 28,000“likes”．The tradition of “suspended coffee” is along-standing tradition in Italy (23)__________ increasedin popularity after the Second World War. Recently the practice was starting to take hold in otherEuropean countries (24) ___________ (hit) hard economically.Homegrown Hamilton, a coffee chain of Canada, has decided to join the effort. “It’s a fantastic initiative (25) ___________ we decided to help out. We had been doing it pretty much anyway,just not under a banner. During the winter, we were giving away coffee or soup to the homeless,said manager Mike Pattison, “Staff members are always close to the coffeehouse’ front door, an (26) ___________ they see someone walking by who looks like they want, a coffee but can’t afford it, they approach that person. If the offer (27) ___________ (accept), they provide thecoffee.”However, not everyone supports the idea.In a posting on the website, Consumerist, columnist Laura Northrup raises (28)___________ number of objections, including that coffee isn’t nutritious food for people who are hungry and (29) ___________ the action could result in “greedy people” aking advantage of___________ consider other ways to help.others’ kindness. He says people (30)A. availableB. psychologicalC. timelyD. estimatesE. distractF. expressG. inaccurateH. trendI. therapistJ. addressK. recallSmart Phone Application Tracks Mental Healthhealth. According to some Military service is obviously rough on a service member’s mental31____, 30 percent of service members develop some type of mental health issue within four monthsof returning home after leaving the army.The military is spending more money than ever to 32____mental health issues within the ranks, and their latest attempt is a smart phone application called the T2 MoodTracker application, which helps service members keep track of their mental health after leaving the army. The app workslike a high-tech diary, allowing users to 33____ emotions and behaviors that result from therapy, medication, daily experiences or changes happening at work or in the home. The smart phone app isn’t supposed to be a pocket 34 ____, though. It serves more as an extremely accurate and 35 ____record of a service mem ber’s mental health.Perry Bosmajian is a psychologist with the National Center for TeleHealth and Technology, where this smart phone app was created. He says this smart phone app will produce much more accurate results on the36 ____conditions of service members who have returned home. “Therapists and physicians often have to rely on patient 37____ when trying to gather information about“Research has shown that symptoms over the previous weeks or months,” Bosmajian said.information collected after the fact, especially about mood, tends to be 38____. The best record of an experience is when it’s recorded at the time and place it happens.”The app specifically tracks anxiety, depression, general well-being, life stress, post-traumatic (受伤后的）stress and brain injury. The daily expressions add up over time to produce a(n) 39____ that can be observed by physicians and therapists.The app has been downloaded more than 5,000 times since it became 40____ on the Android Market a year ago. Users of iPhones can also have access to the app some time next year.Directions MatterJet lag(时差感）may be the worst part of travelling, and it hits many people harder travelling eastthan west. Why they feel this way is 41________, but scientists recently developed a new modelthat provides an explanation for the mystery and insights on recovering from jet lag.The model imitates the way neuronal oscillator cells (神经振子细胞）42________ crossing timezones. These cells in our brains 43 ________our biological docks. However，the cells don’t quite operate on a perfect 24-hour schedule. Instead, their activity follows a 44________ that lastsslightly longer than that, about 24.5 hours. According to Michelle Girvan, an associate professorof physics at the University of Maryland and a co-author of the study, that means it’s 45________ for us to extend the length of a day—for example, by flying west across time zones—than toshorten the day, by flying east.The scientists found that for 46________ travel, a person who crossed three time zones wouldfully 47________in a little less than four days. For six time zones, recovery would take about sixdays. For nine time zones, the recovery would take just less than eight days.However, when a person travels eastward, the recovery time doesn’t match up as48________. When a person crosses three time zones going east, it takes a little more than fourdays to recover. For six time zones, the recovery time 49________ to more than eight days. Andfor nine time zones, the recovery period is more than 12 days.Girvan noted that not everyone has a biological clock of exactly 24.5 hours. 50________ , it variesfrom person to person. The other factor to consider is 51________ cues such as sunlight, Girvanadded. How a person reacts to these cues can also 52________how quickly he or she will adjust toa new time zone.The scientists hope that their new model can be used in the future to figure out the bestways to 53________ jet lag. For example, if you will be traveling six time zones eastward, start bysetting your clock ahead an hour or two several days before you leave. And when you arrive in anew time zone, make sure that the outside cues you are exposed to 54 ________the new time zone.That means that if it’s daytime in the new time zone, expose yourself to sunlight. And if itnighttime, avoid artificial 55________, including those from smartphones and computers, to helpyour biological clock adjust.41. A. incredible B. apparent C. surprising D. unclear42. A. cope with B. account for C. respond to D. result in43. A. kick B. watch C. stop D. regulate44. A. cycle B. routine C. process D. pattern45. A. safer B. easier C. more dangerous D. more difficult46. A. eastward B. southward C. westward D. northward47. A. adjust B. understand C. prepare D.change48. A. relatively B. nicely C. classically D. awkwardly49. A. reduces B. jumps C. contributes D. leads50. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. However D. Rather51. A. external B. verbal C. social D. chemical52. A. promote B. emphasize C. impact D. orient53. A. form B. endure C. shelter D. beat54. A. specify B. match C. shift D. destroy55. A. lights B. barriers C. flavours D. soundsSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A woman standing over six feet tall and weighing about 200 pounds is bound to make an, these features were outmatched by a heart of gold that madeimpression. But in Mary Fields’ caseher legendary(传奇的).Born into slavery in Tennessee in 1832 or 1833, Mary had nothing, not even a date of birth.However, in her early years, she found something of truly lasting value—a friend named Dolly. Inaddition to friendship, Dolly also may have taught Mary to read and write, an invaluableadvantage for slaves. At the end of America’s Civil War, Mary finally received her freedom andmade her own way out into the world.Mary was employed on a steamboat as a maid when she received word from Dolly, now a nun（修女）in Ohio called Mother Amadeus. Mary arrived in Ohio in 1878 and worked at Amadeus’ -carrying,girls’ school, managing the kitchen and garden. She became known as a guncigar-smoking woman, but also as an example of kindness and reliability. After a few years,though, Amadeus was sent to another school out West in Montana, becoming the first blackwoman to settle in central Montana.When Mary was in her 50s, a sick Mother Amadeus called her West. So Mary made her way to thesmall town of Cascade, Montana, to nurse Amadeus to health. She did this and more, running四轮马supplies and visitors to St. Peter’s Mission where Amadeus lived. Once when her wagon(车) overturned, she guarded the delivery from wolves through the night.But Mary's rough edges caused the local bishop (主教) to prohibit her from working at themission. Mother Amadeus then set her up as the first African-American female employee of theU.S. Postal Service. Though in her 60s, Mary was such a dependable mail carrier that she earnedthe name “tagecoach” Mary. She became a beloved figure in Cascade. She was the only womanallowed in the saloon (酒馆), was the baseball team’s biggest fan and was given free meals in thetown hotel.Nearly 70, Mary quit delivering the mail but remained in Cascade. The town’s school closed to celebrate her unknown birthday twice a year. When she passed away in 1914, a simple cross wasplaced to mark her grave and her legend in the Wild West.56. What about Mary Fields impressed people most?A. Her tall and fat figure.B. Her reputation as an educated slave.C. Her friendliness and responsibility.D. Her habit of carrying a gun and smoking.of time?57. Which of the following shows Mary’s life experience in the order①Mary began to deliver mail in Cascade.②Mary worked in a school in Montana.③Mary was taught to read and write.④Mary took care of sick Amadeus.⑤Mary worked on a steamed boat.A.⑤①③②④B?⑤④②①③ C.②④⑤③① D.③⑤②④①58. Mary became a mail carrier because . ,A. people in Cascade loved herB. she once worked at St. Peter’s MissionC. Mother Amadeus recommended herD. the US Postal Service needed a female employee59. In the last paragraph, t4her legend" most probably refers to .A. her high social statusB. her unusual life as a pioneerC. her friendship with Amadeus.D. her role in the liberation of slaves (B)JENISON PUBLIC SCHOOLSPart Time Enrollment(Home School Elective Courses)Grades 1-12Jenison International Academy is excited to offer online, nonessential courses to international students. Kindly view the online elective options, as well as the enrollment process, below. The application window for part time enrollments will close on Friday, December 30, 2016.Online Courses Offered Grades 1-12Elective OpportunitiesPlease click to view our Elective Course Offerings.Part Time Enrollment at JIAStudents participating in the program are allowed to enroll in up to 4 elective courses each semester, and have the option to take 100% of their courses online or create a schedule combination of online and on-campus courses at Jenison Public Schools, which may also include Tech Center, Co-op, and other qualified programs.Student Application ProcessSTEP 1: Online PreparationPlease review the following Interactive Online Readiness Criteria. Please keep this form for your own records. Online Readiness CriteriaSTEP 2: Submit Forms & DocumentationBy completing the Part Time Enrollment Application, applicants are fulfilling the Virtual Learning and District-Required Documentation.Printed ApplicationParents or guardians can download, print, and complete the JIA Enrollment paperwork & JPS District Application. Mail, scan or fax all completed paperwork using the contact information provided on the first page. Printed ApplicationAdditional Required Documentation can be found within the enrollment packet .An email will be sent to the parent or guardian email account when a completed application has been received. Upon review and approval, a welcome message and course selection email will be issued to the same address.60. The courses are designed for .A. high-level students who are studying in Jenison Public SchoolsB. international students whose parents work in Jenison Public SchoolsC. foreign stude nts who can’t study full time in Jenison International AcademyD. graduate students who want a part-time job in Jenison International Academy61. To get enrolled, one should .A. prepare both online and offlineB. print the Online Readiness CriteriaC. contact JIA in person beforehandD. email the J1A Enrollment paperwork62. What can be learned from the webpage?A. The enrollment should be applied on December 30, 2016.B. The parent or guardian needs to have an email account.C. The students need to study at least 8 courses each year.D. The courses can only be learned online. (C)Two heads are better than one, according to the old saying. So why are groups with lots of “heads” ffectiveness andknown for making bad decisions? Why does “groupthink” immediately mean inemistakes?These questions are answered in a fascinating new book called Wiser: Getting Beyond Groupthinkto Make Groups Smarter, written by Cass R. Sunstein, a former White House official, and ReidHastie, an academic specialized in the psychology of decision making. Building on their combinedexperiences and research, Sunstein and Hastie analyze what goes wrong in group decision-making,and then offer clear-out solutions to overcome these problems.Group decision-making involves discussions among members of a group, each with their ownskills, experience, ideas and information. Unfortunately, as the authors explain, there are two typesof influence on group members—informational signals and social pressures—which skew (扭曲）the discussions. Informational signals cause people to keep information to themselves when itdisagrees with information from others, especially leaders. Social pressures cause people to keepinformation to themselves to avoid punishment from leaders who are denied.These influences lead to four problems, the authors write: Instead of correcting the errors of theirmembers, groups actually expand those errors; cascade effects (联级效应）take over when thegroup follows whomever spoke first or loudest; groups become more extreme in their ideas, as theinternal discussions strengthen their predisposed（预先有倾向的）thoughts; and groups focus onshared information instead of unshared information.Having laid out the core problems, the authors offer solutions. They begin with a list of methodsaimed at handling the four core problems, such as:Leaders have to keep quiet and convince group members that they sincerely want to hear all ideas.Group success should be rewarded. Group members must understand that if the group is right,everyone benefits; this will encourage them to ensure that they find the right answer instead ofpushing their own ideas.Group members should be assigned specific roles, thus ensuring that everyone contributes.唱反Either individuals or assigned teams should be tasked with acting as devil’s advocates (调的人).Groups also fail, the author writes, because they don’t distinguish between the early rounds of discussions, in which all ideas must be allowed on the table, and the final rounds of discussions, inwhich groups must be tight and analytical as they seek the accurate solution. Successful groupswill deliberately separate the two processes.In another approach, the authors demonstrate that the wisdom of crowds will often lead to theright answer if a majority of crowd members know their material. Decision-makers often prefer torely on one single expert, but “chasing the expert” significantly reduces the probability of gettingthe decision right.Wiser is a quick, engaging and thoughtful read that convincingly argues that, with a few simplesteps and open-minded leadership, group discussions can, indeed, lead to wiser decisions.63. The passage is mainly written to .A. make an advertisement for a new bookB. introduce the main points of a new bookC. prove that two heads are better than oneD. show how to make groupthink more effective64. According to the passage, groups sometimes make bad decisions because some members .A. are critical of othersB. are punished by the leaderC. disagree with the leaderD. do not share different ideas65. Which of the following can help improve the effectiveness of groupthink?A. An expert helps to make the final decision.B. Team success is advocated with positive measures.C. No one is allowed to put forward their disagreement.D. Leaders don’t express their own opinions in the process.66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Wiser may be welcomed by decision-makers.B. Wiser can change decision-makers’ attitude towards work.C. The more people in the group, the better decision will be made.D. The final rounds of discussions are the most important in decision-making. Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. A special value is placed on education in Asia, where tutoring is viewed as an extension of theschool day.B. Children don't seem to mind that they have a tutor.C. Diagnostic tests can help take into account the areas of study needing special review andemphasis.D. Another reason for the growth in business is parental frustration and their packed schedules.E. Children work cooperatively with their private tutors.F. Nor is it aimed only at lower-achieving students.Tutoring a New Normal-curricular activity in the WestIt’s not piano lessons or dance lessons. Nowadays, the biggest extrais going to a tutor. “I spend about 800 Canadian dollars a month on tutors. It’s costly,”mother in Canada. However, she adds, “after finding out half my daughter’s class had tutors, I like my child was going to fall behind because everyone else seemed to be ahead.”Shelley, a mother of three, also has tutors constantly coming in and out of her home. “W to sit down with my children, it was hard to get them focused. I was always shouting. When I gota tutor once a week, they became focused for one entire hour and could get most of theirhomework done.”Tutoring isn’t simply a private school phenomenon. 67________ In Canada alone, seven percentof high school students reported using a tutor in 2010. That increased to 15 percent last year.Overall, parents hire tutors because they are worried schools are not meeting their expectations,but there is also a cultural shift. 68 ________As a large number of Asians emigrated to the Westover the recent years, their attitudes towards education have had an impact.have time to help their children with homework,” 69________ “A lot of parents just don’ｔsays Julie Diamond, president of an American tutoring company. “Others couldn’t help their children after Grade 3.”欺侮）for having a tutor,” There has been a s hift in the attitudes, too. “Children used to get bullied(Diamond says. “Now it’s becoming the norm to have one.”________One parent feels surprised that so many of her child’s classmates have tutors. “For the amount we pay in tuition, they should have as much extra help as they need，” she says.Still, she’s now thinking of getting a tutor. Why? Her daughter has actually asked for one.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of thepassage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Gene Therapy“We used to think that our fate was in our stars, but now we know that, in large measure, our fate分子的）biologist and co-discovereris in our genes,” said James Watson. Watson is a molecular (of DNA structure. Why? Scientists are seeing that gene therapy is revolutionizing the treatment ofdisease.In gene therapy, healthy genes are introduced into defective(有缺陷的）cells to prevent or curedisease. While much of the research is in the beginning stages, some successes point to the realbenefit of the therapy. In Italy, doctors have recently treated one genetic disease with gene therapy.This disease most often begins to destroy the brain when children are between 1 and 2, stoppingthem from walking and talking. By inserting normal, healthy genetic material into a vims and theninfecting the patients, scientists seem to be able to cure the disease. Although the children giventhe therapy still need follow-up treatments, they now lead a relatively normal life.Gene therapy has also been used to help older patients. These people suffer from a disease thatcauses slow movement and uncontrollable shaking because part of the brain dies. Those treatedwith gene therapy showed a 23.1 percent improvement when tested six months later.Gene therapy appears to be a more positive alternative to surgery or medicine and is an excitingnew approach that is just making the news. Researchers hope that in the coming years, everygenetic disease will have gene therapy as its treatment. But more research is needed to assure itssafety.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 你是否赞成为贫困学生设立一项基金？（approve)73. 不可否认的是上海迪斯尼乐园每天人满为患。
上海高考英语一模翻译汇总含答案
2017年上海各区一模试卷翻译部分2017年宝山区高考一模翻译部分V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.顾客购物时总是注重品牌形象。
(focus)73.我再也抑制不住看篮球比赛的冲动。
(no longer)74.这本书备受推崇的原因是它给人以希望和启迪。
(…why…)75.她的有关个人奋斗的演讲很真诚，让我们感动得几乎流泪。
（…such …that…）参考答案：72. Customers are always focusing too much on brand image /packaging73. I could no longer resist the urge to watch the basketball match last night74. The reason why the book is highly recommended is that it provides us with hope and inspiration.75. She made/ delivered such a heartfelt/sincere speech that we were almost moved to tears.2017年崇明区高考一模翻译部分V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.你是否赞成为贫困学生设立一项基金？（approve)73. 不可否认的是上海迪斯尼乐园每天人满为患。
（deny)74. 那个专门研究家庭教育的教授将受邀给这些家长做讲座。
崇明2017届高三英语一模录音文字
崇明县2017届第一次高考模拟考试英语试卷听力录音文字录音文字Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end ofeach conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. W: Good evening, Mr. Johnson. I’m with the local newspaper. May I ask you a few questions?M: Sure. Go ahead, please.Q: What is the woman’s job?2. W: I hope you enjoy the rest of the flight. Don’t forget to fill in your landing card.M: Thank you. I do appreciate your service.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?3. M: Would you please tell me if the No. 7 bus stop is here?W: Yes, but the bus only runs once every fifteen minutes and one just went by 5 minutes ago.Q: How long does the man have to wait for the next bus?4. M: Paul says he doesn’t like television.W: Yes. But it seems he spends a lot of time watching it, doesn’t he?Q: What does the woman think about Paul?5. W: My watch stopped again. And I just got a new battery..They can check it for you. And the prices are pretty M: Why don’t you take it to Smith’s Jewelryreasonable.Q: What does the man mean?6. M: George is going to work in New York for the summer.W: Can he do that and go to the summer school at the same time?Q: What does the woman imply about George?7. W: I’m really having trouble with this computer course.If I can’t start doing better soon, Iwill have to drop it.help from the graduate assistant? That’s whathe’s there for.W: Why don’t you get someQ: What does the woman suggest the man do?8. W: The supermarket down the street is selling everything half price because they are going out ofbusiness.M: Sounds like an ideal time to stock up on coffee.Q: What does the man mean?t give out any hints. The departmental policy is9. M: If thi s is about the final exam, I’m afraid I can’very strict.W: Oh, it has nothing to do with that. I was actually hoping you could write me a reference letter for my law school application.Q: What are they mainly talking about?10. W: You waited at the Magic Cafe yesterday, didn’t you?Was there much of a wait to be seated?kill the time.M: Was there? I w ish I’d brought a book or something toQ: What does the man imply about the cafe?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear severallonger conversation(s) andshort passage(s), and you willbe asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) andthe passage(s). The conversation(s)andthe passage(s)will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.NEW ZEALAND—About 125 Chinese tourists trapped in Kaikouraby a strong earthquake inNew Zealand, have been safely transferred to Christchurch by helicopters. Altogether 18 flights weremade for the rescue.The big earthquake and aftershocks struck the country’s South Island after midnight on Monday,killing two people.More than 1,300 tourists, including the Chinese, were confirmed stranded in the tourist resort.BRITAIN—The British government has issued a new visa policy that allows foreign students tostay six months more after their course ends. They will not have to present proof of funds or educationbackground certification. The new planwill attract more students and at the same time allow time forthem to apply for work visa. The new rules apply only to students of some good universities.CALIFORNIA—SingerKanye West told the crowd at a concert in California Thursday that he didnot vote in the presidential election. But he told them if he had, he would have voted for DonaldTrump.West reportedly continued to talk for 40 minutes about his reasons for preferring Trump. Thecrowd, expecting to hear songs instead of a political speech, was angry. Some even threw shoes.On Friday, people reacted on social media to the singer’s comments. “Kanye” became the m popular topic on Twitter.(Now listen again, please)Questions:11. How many tourists were trapped in Kaikoura?12. What is Britain’s new visa policy aimed at?13. Why was the crowd angry with Kanye West?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.s the question my children often asked when we first moved to America.“Is it snowing?”That’Growing up on a warm island, we had a fantasy about a snowy winter wonderland. We imagined thefalling snow or a family sitting around their fireplace enjoying steaming hot chocolate. It seemed sopleasant. In reality, snow can be really messy.I can understand why kids love snow. They get two hours, a half day or a whole day off fromschool. Then the playtime begins. The kids build snowmen, slide down hills on snowboards or have snowball fights.For adults, it’s not that much fun. Most cities and communities have special vehicles to removethe snow from the streets. They also spread salt mixed with sand to prevent ice on sidewalks and roadways. But cleaning our own driveway is such a bother. We have to remove the snow ourselves. Ifwe don’t, the icy surface can be dangerous.Despite these troubles, snow can also be exciting, especially if you love to ski. I remember whenwe went to Colorado for a ski camp years ago. We started by attending a beginner s’class. We learned how to slide, stop, turn and get up after a fall. It was a once-in-a-lifetime experience.(Now listen again, please)Questions:14. Why does the speaker think children like snow?15. What is it about snow that upsets the speaker?16. What does the speaker think of their ski camp years ago?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.M: Wow! That’s a lot! How are you going to pay?ll just use my credit card.W: Easy. I’M: Really? But you go into debt each time you purchase.W: It’s no big deal. I usually pay off my entire bill at the end of the month.M: Glad you pay off each month, but many people don’t. Credit cards present a huge temptation to spend. It’s easier to know how much you spend when using only cash.W: Perhaps, but I also feel safer knowing I can use my card in an emergency.M: I think it’s better to save money in an emergency fund. Then you don’t go into debt.W: Yeah, emergency funds are important, but credit cards can be accessed more easily. And you don’t have to carry so much cash. That means your money is less likely to get stolen.M: But what if your card gets stolen? That can be worse.W: Not really. You can cancel your card. And the company covers most of the cost of things bought with a stolen card. If cash gets stolen, it’s gone. Moreover, many cards offer rewards like store discounts or points.M: Yes, they do give out points, but most people don’t use them.W: Maybe. Well, I’m done. Let’s get in line at the check-out. And I’m going to use my credit card.M: That’s your choice, but I’m sticking with cash.(Now listen again, please)Questions:17. Which of the following is a reason why the woman prefers a credit card?18. What advantage does cash have according to the man?19. What might the two people be doing while talking?20. What can be learned from the conversation?。
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崇明县2017届第一次高考模拟考试试卷英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A postwoman. B. A teacher. C. A journalist. D. A librarian.2. A. On a plane. B. On a train. C. At a restaurant. D. At a travel agency.3. A. 5 minutes. B. 10 minutes. C. 15 minutes. D. 20 minutes.4. A. He spends too much money. B. He should watch more TV.C. He actually likes watching TV.D. He bought an expensive watch.5. A. The woman should get a new watch. B. The woman needs to buy another battery.C. He knows what is wrong with the watch.D. The store can probably fix the woman’s watch.6. A. He should work in the summer school. B. He shouldn’t go to New York in the summer.C.H e may not want to do so.D. He may have difficulty in doing so.7. A. Spend more time on the course. B. Turn to the graduate assistant for help.C. Drop the course as soon as possible.D. Help the graduate assistant with the course.8. A. They should buy a lot of coffee. B. The supermarket isn’t going to be closed.C. Coffee is out of stock in the supermarket.D. They should wait for a better deal on coffee.9. A. The final exam. B. A law school. C. A reference letter. D. The department policy.10. A. He wasn’t able to find a seat there. B. He had to wait a long time for a seat there.C. The seats there are uncomfortable.D. It provides reading materials for customers.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.11. A. 2. B. 18. C. About 125. D. Over 1,300.12. A. Helping good universities to enroll more students.B. Getting more financial support from foreign students.C. Encouraging more foreign students to travel around the UK.D. Attracting more excellent foreign students to work in Britain.高三英语共10页第1页13. A. He voted for Donald Trump. B. He did not vote in the presidential election.C. He made a political speech in the concert.D. He sang for only 40 minutes in the concert.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They can play many kinds of games with snow.B. They can see the beautiful scenery of falling snow.C. They can have several days off from school if it snows.D. They can enjoy steaming hot chocolate on a snowy day.15. A. The building of snowmen for children B. The removal of snow off their driveway.C. The spread of salt mixed with sand.D. The low temperature that snow brings.16. A. Rare and exciting. B. Dangerous and challenging.C. Unusual but disappointing.D. Troublesome but interesting.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It encourages wise consumption. B. It is impossible to get stolen.C. It makes it easier to pay off debt.D. It can be used in an emergency.18. A. It makes people feel safer. B. It prevents people from overspending.C. It enables people to get things cheaper.D. It helps people know more about money.19. A. Doing some shopping. B. Doing some reading.C. Opening an account.D. Taking a lesson.20. A. Shop owners prefer cash to credit cards.B. The woman pays part of his bill each month.C. Most people don’t choose to use credit cards.D. The man wasn’t persuaded by the woman at last.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Suspended CoffeeHow about buying a cup of coffee for someone you’ll never meet?The idea, begun in Naples, Italy, and called “Suspended Coffee” —i.e., a customer pays for a coffee and “banks” it for someone (21)_____ (fortunate) —has become an international internet sensation(轰动) with coffee shops in Europe and North America (22)_____ (participate) in the movement. The Facebook page alone has more than 28,000 “likes.”The tradition of “suspended coffee”is a long-standing tradition in Italy (23)_____increased in popularity after the Second World War. Recently the practice was starting to take hold in other European countries (24)_____ (hit) hard economically.Homegrown Hamilton, a coffee chain of Canada, has decided to join the effort. “It’s a fantastic initiative (25)_____ we decided to help out. We had been doing it pretty much anyway, just not under a banner. During the winter, we were giving away coffee or soup to the homeless,” said manager Mike高三英语共10页第2页Pattison, “Staff members are always close to the coffeehous e’s front door, and (26)_____ they see someone walking by who looks like they want a coffee but can’t afford it, they approach that person. If the offer (27)_____ (accept), they provide the coffee.”However, not everyone supports the idea.In a posting on the website, Consumerist, columnist Laura Northrup raises (28)_____ number of objections, including that coffee isn’t nutrit ious food for people who are hungry and (29)_____ the action could result in “greedy people” taking advantage of others’ kindness. He says people (30)_____ consider other ways to help.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.高三英语共10页第3页Directions MatterJet lag (时差感) may be the worst part of travelling, and it hits many people harder travelling east than west. Why they feel this way is 41 , but scientists recently developed a new model that provides an explanation for the mystery and insights on recovering from jet lag.The model imitates the way neuronal oscillator cells(神经振子细胞) 42 crossing time zones. These cells in our brains 43 our biological clocks. However, the cells don’t quite operate on a perfect 24-hour schedule. Instead, their activity follows a 44 that lasts slightly longer than that, about 24.5 hours. According to Michelle Girvan, an associate professor of physics at the University of Maryland and a co-author of the study, that means it’s 45 for us to extend the length of a day—for example, by flying west across time zones—than to shorten the day, by flying east.The scientists found that for 46 travel, a person who crossed three time zones would fully 47 in a little less than four days. For six time zones, recovery would take about six days. For nine time zones, the recovery would take just less than eight days.However, when a person travels in the opposite direction, the recovery time doesn’t match up as 48 . When a person crosses three time zones going east, it takes a little more than four days to recover. For six time zones, the recovery time 49 to more than eight days. And for nine time zones, the recovery period is more than 12 days.Girvan noted that not everyone has a biological clock of exactly 24.5 hours. 50 , it varies from person to person. The other factor to consider is 51 cues such as sunlight, Girvan added. How a person reacts to these cues can also 52 how quickly he or she will adjust to a new time zone.The scientists hope that their new model can be used in the future to figure out the best ways to 53 jet lag. For example, if you will be traveling six time zones eastward, start by setting your clock ahead an hour or two several days before you leave. And when you arrive in a new time zone, make sure that the outside cues you are exposed to 54 the new time zone. That means that if it’s daytime in the new time zone, expose yourself to sunlight. And if it’s nighttime, avoid artificial 55 , including those from smartphones and computers, to help your biological clock adjust.41. A. incredible B. apparent C. surprising D. unclear42. A. cope with B. account for C. respond to D. result in43. A. kick B. watch C. stop D. regulate44. A. cycle B. routine C. process D. pattern45. A. safer B. easier C. more dangerous D. more difficult46. A. eastward B. southward C. westward D. northward47. A. adjust B. understand C. prepare D. change48. A. relatively B. nicely C. classically D. awkwardly49. A. reduces B. jumps C. contributes D. leads50. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. However D. Rather51. A. external B. verbal C. social D. chemical52. A. promote B. emphasize C. impact D. orient53. A. form B. endure C. shelter D. beat54. A. specify B. match C. shift D. destroy高三英语共10页第4页55. A. lights B. barriers C. flavours D. soundsSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）A woman standing over six feet tall and weighing about 200 pounds isbound to make an impression. But in Mary Fields’ case, these features wereoutmatched by a heart of gold that made her legendary (传奇的).Born into slavery in Tennessee in 1832 or 1833, Mary had nothing, noteven a date of birth. However, in her early years, she found something of trulylasting value—a friend named Dolly. In addition to friendship, Dolly also mayhave taught Mary to read and write, an invaluable advantage for slaves. At the end of America’s Civil War, Mary finally received her freedom and made her own way out into the world.Mary was employed on a steamboat as a maid when she received word from Dolly, now a nun (修女) in Ohio called Mother Amadeus. Mary arri ved in Ohio in 1878 and worked at Amadeus’ girls’ school, managing the kitchen and garden. She became known as a gun-carrying, cigar-smoking woman, but also as an example of kindness and reliability. After a few years, though, Amadeus was sent to another school out West in Montana, becoming the first black woman to settle in central Montana.When Mary was in her 50s, a sick Mother Amadeus called her West. So Mary made her way to the small town of Cascade, Montana, to nurse Amadeus to health. She did this and more, running supplies and visitors to St. Peter’s Mission where Amadeus lived. Once w hen her wagon (四轮马车) overturned, she guarded the delivery from wolves through the night.But Mary’s rough edges caused the local bishop(主教) to prohibit her from working at the mission. Mother Amadeus then set her up as the first African-American female employee of the U.S. Postal Service. Though in her 60s, Mary was such a dependable mail carrier that she earned the name “Stagecoach” Mary. She became a beloved figure in Cascade. She was the only woman allowed in the saloon (酒馆), was the baseball team’s big gest fan and was given free meals in the town hotel.Nearly 70, Mary quit delivering the mail but remained in Cascade. The town’s school closed to celebrate her unknown birthday twice a year. When she passed away in 1914, a simple cross was placed to mark her grave and her legend in the Wild West.56. What about Mary Fields impressed people most?A. Her tall and fat figure.B. Her reputation as an educated slave.C. Her friendliness and responsibility.D. Her habit of carrying a gun and smoking.57. Which of the following shows Mary’s life experience in the order of time?①Mary began to deliver mail in Cascade.②Mary worked in a school in Montana.③Mary was taught to read and write.④Mary took care of sick Amadeus.⑤Mary worked on a steamed boat.高三英语共10页第5页A. ⑤①③②④B. ⑤④②①③C. ②④⑤③①D. ③⑤②④①58. Mary became a mail carrier because _____.A. people in Cascade loved herB. she once worked at St. Peter’s MissionC. Mother Amadeus recommended herD. the US Postal Service needed a female employee59. In the last paragraph, “her legend” most probably refers to _____.A. her high social statusB. her unusual life as a pioneerC. her friendship with Amadeus.D. her role in the liberation of slaves（B）JENISON PUBLIC SCHOOLSJenison International Academy is excited to offer online, nonessential courses to international students. Kindly view the online elective options, as well as the enrollment process, below. The application window for part time enrollments will close on Friday, December 30, 2016.Online Courses Offered Grades 1-12Elective OpportunitiesPlease click to view our Elective Course Offerings.Part Time Enrollment at JIAStudents participating in the program are allowed to enroll in up to 4 elective courses each semester, and have the option to take 100% of their courses online or create a schedule combination of online and on-campus courses at Jenison Public Schools, which may also include Tech Center, Co-op, and other qualified programs.Student Application ProcessSTEP 1: Online PreparationPlease review the following Interactive Online Readiness Criteria. Please keep this form for your own records. Online Readiness CriteriaSTEP 2: Submit Forms & DocumentationBy completing the Part Time Enrollment Application, applicants are fulfilling the Virtual Learning and District-Required Documentation.Printed ApplicationParents or guardians can download, print, and complete the JIA Enrollment paperwork & JPS District高三英语共10页第6页Application. Mail, scan or fax all completed paperwork using the contact information provided on the first page.Printed ApplicationAdditional Required Documentation can be found within the enrollment packet.An email will be sent to the parent or guardian email account when a completed application has been received. Upon review and approval, a welcome message and course selection email will be issued to the same address.60. The courses are designed for _____.A. high-level students who are studying in Jenison Public SchoolsB. international students whose parents work in Jenison Public SchoolsC. foreign students who can’t study full time in Jenison International AcademyD. graduate students who want a part-time job in Jenison International Academy61. To get enrolled, one should _____.A. prepare both online and offlineB. print the Online Readiness CriteriaC. contact JIA in person beforehandD. email the JIA Enrollment paperwork62. What can be learned from the webpage?A. The enrollment should be applied on December 30, 2016.B. The parent or guardian needs to have an email account.C. The students need to study at least 8 courses each year.D. The courses can only be learned online.（C）Two heads are better than one, according to the old saying. So why are groups with lots of “heads” known for making bad decisions? Why does “groupthink” immediately mean ineffectiveness and mistakes?These questions are answered in a fascinating new book called Wiser: Getting Beyond Groupthink to Make Groups Smarter, written by Cass R. Sunstein, a former White House official, and Reid Hastie, an academic specialized in the psychology of decision making. Building on their combined experiences and research, Sunstein and Hastie analyze what goes wrong in group decision-making, then offer clear-out solutions to overcome these problems.Group decision-making involves discussions among members of a group, each with their own skills, experience, ideas and information. Unfortunately, as the authors explain, there are two types of influence on group members—informational signals and social pressures—which skew (扭曲) the discussions. Informational signals cause people to keep information to themselves when it disagrees with information from others, especially leaders. Social pressures cause people to keep information to themselves to avoid punishment from leaders who are denied.These influences lead to four problems, the authors write: Instead of correcting the errors of their members, groups actually expand those errors; cascade effects (联级效应) take over when the group follows whomever spoke first or loudest; groups become more extreme in their ideas, as the internal discussions strengthen their predisposed(预先有倾向的) thoughts; and groups focus on shared高三英语共10页第7页information instead of unshared information.Having laid out the core problems, the authors offer solutions. They begin with a list of methods aimed at handling the four core problems, such as:Leaders have to keep quiet and convince group members that they sincerely want to hear all ideas.Group success should be rewarded. Group members must understand that if the group is right, everyone benefits; this will encourage them to ensure that they find the right answer instead of pushing their own ideas.Group members should be assigned specific roles, thus ensuring that everyone contributes.Either individuals or assigned teams should be tasked with acting as devil’s advocates (唱反调的人).Groups also fail, the author writes, because they don’t distinguish between the early rounds of discussions, in which all ideas must be allowed on the table, and the final rounds of discussions, in which groups must be tight and analytical as they seek the accurate solution. Successful groups will deliberately separate the two processes.In another approach, the authors demonstrate that the wisdom of crowds will often lead to the right answer if a majority of crowd members know their material. Decision-makers often prefer to rely on one single expert, but “chasing the expert” significantly reduces the probability of getting the decision right.Wiser is a quick, engaging and thoughtful read that convincingly argues that, with a few simple steps and open-minded leadership, group discussions can, indeed, lead to wiser decisions.63. The passage is mainly written to _____.A. make an advertisement for a new bookB. introduce the main points of a new bookC. prove that two heads are better than oneD. show how to make groupthink more effective64. According to the passage, groups sometimes make bad decisions because some members _____.A. are critical of othersB. are punished by the leaderC. disagree with the leaderD. do not share different ideas65. Which of the following can help improve the effectiveness of groupthink?A. An expert helps to make the final decision.B. Team success is advocated with positive measures.C. No one is allowed to put forward their disagreement.D. Leaders don’t express their own opinions in the process.66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Wiser may be welcomed by decision-makers.B. Wiser can change decision-makers’ attitude towards work.C. The more people in the group, the better decision will be made.D. The final rounds of discussions are the most important in decision-making.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.高三英语共10页第8页It’s not piano lessons or dance lessons. Nowadays, the biggest extra-curricular activity in the West is going to a tutor. “I spend about 800 Canadian dollars a month on tutors. It’s costly,” says Pet, a mother in Canada. However, she adds, “after finding out half my daughter’s class had tutors, I felt like my child was going to fall behind because everyone else seemed to be ahead.”Shelley, a mother of three, also has tutors constantly coming in and out of her home. “When I used to sit down with my children, it was hard to get them focused. I was always shouting. When I got a tutor once a week, they became focused for one entire hour and could get most of their homework done.”Tutoring isn’t simply a private school phenomenon. 67 In Canada alone, seven percent of high school students reported using a tutor in 2010. That increased to 15 percent last year.Overall, parents hire tutors because they are worried schools are not meeting their expectations, but there is also a cultural shift. 68 As a large number of Asians emigrated to the West over the recent years, their attitudes towards education have had an impact.69 “A lot of parents just don’t have time to help their children with homework,” says Julie Diamond, president of an American tutoring company. “Others couldn't help their children after Grade 3.”There has been a shift in the attitudes, too. “Children used to get bullied (欺侮) for having a tutor,” Diamond says. “Now it’s becoming the norm to have one.”70 One parent feels surprised that so many of her child’s classmates have tutors. “For the amount we pay in tuition, they should have as much extra help as they need,” she says. Still, she’s now thinking of getting a tutor. Why? Her daughter has actually asked for one.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Gene Therapy“We used to think that our fate was in our stars, but now we know that, in large measure, our fate is in our genes,” said James Watson. Watson is a molecular (分子的) biologist and co-discoverer of DNA structure. Why? Scientists are seeing that gene therapy is revolutionizing the treatment of disease.In gene therapy, healthy genes are introduced into defective (有缺陷的) cells to prevent or cure disease. While much of the research is in the beginning stages, some successes point to the real benefit高三英语共10页第9页of the therapy. In Italy, doctors have recently treated one genetic disease with gene therapy. This disease most often begins to destroy the brain when children are between 1 and 2, stopping them from walking and talking. By inserting normal, healthy genetic material into a virus and then infecting the patients, scientists seem to be able to cure the disease. Although the girl given the therapy still needs follow-up treatments, she is now in kindergarten and leads a relatively normal life.Gene therapy has also been used to help older patients. These people suffer from a disease that causes slow movement and uncontrollable shaking because part of the brain dies. Those treated with gene therapy showed a 23.1 percent improvement when tested six months later.Gene therapy appears to be a more positive alternative to surgery or medicine and is an exciting new approach that is just making the news. Researchers hope that in the coming years, every genetic disease will have gene therapy as its treatment. But more research is needed to assure its safety.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 你是否赞成为贫困学生设立一项基金？(approve)73. 不可否认的是上海迪斯尼乐园每天人满为患。