英语修辞学
较全英语修辞学方法
1明喻(simile)明喻是用来表达两种不同事物之间的相似关系,一般用like或as连接。
如:(1) O my luve is like a red,red roseThat’s newly sprung in June,O my luve is like a melodyThat’s sweetly played in tune.(Robert Burns)(2) The young hunter was as strong as a lion and as keen-eycd as an eagle.类似as…as的用法很普遍,有的成了习惯用语,如:as timid as a mouseas white as snowas black as pitchas busy as a beeEg.The man can't be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel. 那个人不可信赖。
他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。
He jumped as if he had been stung.他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。
Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. 童年就像一场疾逝的梦。
1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2暗喻(metaphor)又称隐喻,暗喻的结构不同于明喻,没有as或like之类的比较关系词,它是隐含的比较。
英语词义通过暗喻方式可以产生转义:When the curtain fell,there was a storm of applause.He was so angry that he stormed about the house.暗喻多用to be结构来联系相比较的两个不同事物的:The society was his college.The guest is God of us.He is one of the dogs of the rich.Children are flowers of the motherland.Eg.He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠。
英语修辞parody的英文定义
英语修辞parody的英文定义1. 概述介绍parody是何种修辞手法，以及其在英语修辞学中的重要性和应用范围。
2. 定义在英语修辞学中，parody指的是通过模仿、夸张或变形的方式，对某一文学作品、艺术作品或文化现象进行一种戏仿或嘲讽性的重新创作。
通常，parody会对原作进行夸张、颠倒、变形，以达到一种幽默、讽刺或漫画的效果。
3. 特点- 通过对原作的改编、模仿或夸张，parody常常带有滑稽、讽刺或戏谑的特点。
- 它是一种艺术创作手法，旨在通过对原作的戏仿或重新创作，表达对原作的态度或观点。
- 通常以一种嘲讽或滑稽的方式，对原作进行变形和加工，从而达到吸引读者或观众的目的。
4. 应用范围- 文学作品：在文学作品中，parody常常通过对名著或经典作品的模仿和夸张，来进行艺术创作和表达。
- 艺术作品：在艺术领域，parody可以通过对知名作品的模仿和改编，来进行艺术创作或表达艺术家的观点和态度。
- 影视作品：在电影或电视剧中，parody常常通过对知名影视作品的模仿和夸张，来进行喜剧创作或娱乐表达。
5. 示例- 文学作品：《傲慢与偏见与僵尸》（Pride and Prejudice and Zombies）是对简·奥斯汀的经典小说《傲慢与偏见》进行了parody，将原作的爱情故事与僵尸题材相结合，以幽默的方式重新诠释了经典作品。
- 艺术作品：美国艺术家杰夫·库恩（Jeff Koons）的作品《银背与少女》（Silverback Gorilla and Woman）是对古罗马雕塑《拉奥孔与库皮德的战争》的parody，通过模仿和变形来表达对古典艺术的一种反讽和重新诠释。
- 影视作品：《权力的游戏》中经常出现的parody剧集《低俗小说》（South Park）以对知名影视作品和文化现象的模仿、夸张和讽刺，来进行喜剧创作和娱乐表达。
6. 结论通过parody这种艺术创作手法，可以对原作进行一种有趣、讽刺或滑稽的重新诠释，从而达到吸引读者或观众的目的。
英语修辞学例子
精心整理高考复习（精品）：英语修辞和英语修辞学例子修辞格（FiguresofSpeech）英语修辞学分为广义修辞学（BroadStylisticContext）和狭义修辞学。
广义修辞学涉及语体和体裁（StyleandTypeofWriting）等问题。
狭义修辞学（NarrowStylisticContext）主要涉及各种修辞手法，即修辞格（StylisticDevices,RhetoricalDevicesorFiguresofSpeech）的问题。
英语常用修辞格分为词义上的修辞格（（SyntacticStylisticDevices（红色为10级讲过Simile一词源于拉丁语Similis，意为like借助比喻词（如like，as的运用（一）Simile的构成Simile通常由三部分构成：本体（（comparativeword）。
如：Myloveislikearedredrose.①②).[Simile]John和hisfather同类，例②是明喻，因为本体和喻体不同类。
（二）1.like+likeEg.Heworkslikeanox.(实意动词+like)2.as型：①as……as②as……soEg.Asthelionisthekingofbeasts,soistheeaglekingofbirds.鹰为百鸟之王，犹如狮是百兽之王。
3.虚拟句型：①asif②asthoughEg.HewasabeautifulhorsethatlookedasthoughhehadcomeoutofapaintingbyVelasquez.这匹马真骏，看起来仿佛是从一幅维拉斯奎茨的油画里跑出来的一样。
4.what型：①AistoBwhatXistoY②whatXisY,AistoB③whatAcallsB,XcallsYEg.Readingistothemindwhatexerciseistothebody.阅读之于思想，如同锻炼之于身体。
英语修辞学
英语修辞学
英语修辞学，作为一门语言学研究，是研究英语中构词、词类和句法结构，以及它们之间的关系的学科。
它关注汉语中的句子，例子说明句子的构成成分及其内在的互动关系。
此外，它还关注修辞结构，如形象、措辞、修饰等，以及英语表达方式的特点及其情感影响等方面，其目的是让英语成为一种有效、有趣、有影响力的语言。
英语修辞学可以从几个不同的角度进行分析：词汇、句法和修辞学。
词汇：词汇是英语中最简单的部分，但也是最重要的部分，即分析出词汇的含义，以及它们之间的互动关系。
从词汇上看，英语修辞学就是研究词汇的含义，以及它们之间的关系，从而使读者更好地理解文本的内容。
句法：句法是汉语中的句子的构成结构，它使用不同的句子结构来表达语言的含义。
英语修辞学从句法的角度分析，例子说明句子的构成成分及其内在的互动关系。
修辞学：修辞学是英语中的构成结构，它使用形象、措辞、修饰等，以及英语表达方式的特点及其情感影响等方面，使英语成为一种有效、有趣、有影响力的语言。
英语修辞学不仅能够帮助更好地理解文本内容，而且可以弥补汉语在表达方面的不足，并使其更具有感染力和表现力。
除了从词汇、句法和修辞学的角度分析外，英语修辞学还可以从四种观点进行解读：符号论观点、文体论观点、概念论观点和阐释性
论观点。
综上所述，英语修辞学主要包括词汇、句法和修辞学三个方面，以及符号论、文体论、概念论和阐释性论四种观点。
它不仅可以帮助人们理解文本内容，同时也可以提高他们的表达能力。
正是由于英语修辞学的发展，使英语成为一种更加准确、有效、有趣的语言。
英语修辞学(打印版)
英语修辞手法1) Simile：(明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country./ This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.2) Metaphor：(暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage./ The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.3) Analogy: (类比）It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.4) Personification: (拟人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). For example, the wind whistled through the trees.5) Hyperbole: (夸张）It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. For instance, he almost died laughing.6) Understatement: (含蓄陈述）It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地) understating it, impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement. For instance, It is no laughing matter.7) Euphemism: (委婉）It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to "die" as” pass away".8) Metonymy (转喻）It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another. For instance, the pen (words) is mightier than the sword (forces). 借代（metonymy）是指两种不同事物并不相似，但又密不可分，因而常用其中一种事物名称代替另一种。
英语修辞学知识要点
英语修辞学知识要点Chapter 1 Syntactic Devices1. Long and Short Sentences 长句和短句2. The Simple Sentence 简单句3. The Compound Sentence 复合句4. The Complex Sentence 复杂句5. Simple,Compound and Complex Sentences简单句、复合句和复杂句6. Branching Sentences 分支句（松散句和圆周句）7.The Active and the Passive Voiced Sentences 主动句和被动句8. Syntactic Schemes of Balance平衡句｛排比句(parallelism)；对偶句(antithesis)；逆转反复句(chiasmus)｝9. Syntactic Schemes of Inversion倒装句10. Syntactic Schemes of Omission 句子的省略｛省略句(ellipsis)；局部省略句(fragmentary elliptical sentence)；连词省略/散珠(asyndeton)；跳脱(aposiopesis)｝11. Syntactic Schemes of Addition or Insertion 添加句｛连词叠用(polysyndeton)；修正法/换语(epanorthosis)；注释法(exegesis)；扩充法(exergasis) ；并列法(apposition) ；插入法(parenthesis)｝12.Syntactic Schemes of Repetition 反复句｛二项式(binomials)；三项式(trinomials)；多项式(catalogues)；首语重复(syntactic anaphora)；尾语重复(syntactic epiphorea)；首尾语重复(syntactic framing)｝13. Syntactic Schemes of Climax and Anti-climax 层进和突降14. Rhetorcal Question 修辞问句15. Apodioxis 断然拒绝16. Apostrophe 顿呼17. Syntactic Schemes with "it" it句18. Existential Sentences 存在句Chapter 2 Lexical Devices1.Lexical optionsShort words or long words 长短词Common words or learned words 普通词和书面词Formal,informal or colloquial words 正式词、非正式词和口语词General or specific words 一般词和特殊词Concrete or abstract words 具体词和抽象词Referential or emotive words 指称词和情感词Choice between synonymous words 近义词的选择2.choice of abbreviationsAcronyms 首字母缩略词ClippingsBlends 混合词3.Lexical repetitionImmediate repetition连接反复Lexical anaphora 首语反复Lexical epistrophe 尾语反复Symploce首尾语反复Anadiplosis链形反复distant or intermitten repetition间隔反复root repetition 词根反复ploce换义反复Chapter 3 Phonetic Devices and Prose Rhythm 1. Phonetic Devices语音词格Alliteration头韵Assonance元韵Consonance 辅韵Homeoteleuton谐缀格Onomatopoeia拟声Combined use of Phonetic Devices2. Prose Rhythm散文节奏Stress重音Pitch语调Pause and tempo停顿和语速Chapter 4 Figures of Speech1.Simile明喻2.Metaphor暗喻3.Analogy类比4.Personification\physicalification拟人\拟物5.Metonymy借代6.Synecdoche提喻7.Antonomasia换称8.Syllepsis一笔双叙9.Zeugma轭式搭配10.Paradox隽语11.Oxymoron矛盾修饰法12.Hyperbole夸张13.Understatement低调陈述14.Euphemism委婉语15.Irony反语16.Innuendo讥讽17.Sarcasm讽刺18.Transferred Epithet 移就19.Pun双关（antanaclasis语音双关；paronomasia语义双关)20.Epigram警句21.synesthesia通感22.palindrome 回文Chapter 5 Allusions典故的来源和改引。
英语修辞学(Rhetoric).ppt
拉丁语 similis (like) 1.three parts : subject (主体) reference （喻 体） indicator of resemblance （比喻词） My love is like a red red rose. 2。主体和喻体一般指两个不同的事物。 John is as tall as a Maypole.五朔节花柱(庆 祝五朔节围绕此柱歌舞)
五朔节欧洲传统民间节日。用以祭祀树神、谷物神、 庆祝农业收获及春天的来临。历史悠久，最早起源 于古代东方，后传至欧洲。每年5月1日举行。五朔 节前夕，在英国、法国、瑞典的一些地区，人们通 常会在家门前插上一根青树枝或栽一棵幼树，并用 花冠、花束装饰起来。少女们手持树枝花环，挨家 挨户去唱五朔节赞歌，祝福主人。在一些农村，每 年5月1日凌晨，青年们便奏着音乐、唱着赞歌，结 伴去树林砍树枝，待太阳出来后返回，将树枝插在 门窗上。
6. 英语大量使用抽象名词，这类名词涵义概括，指称笼统，覆盖面广， 往往有一种“虚”、“泛”、“暗”、“曲”、“隐”的魅力，因而便 于用来表达复杂的思想和微妙的情绪。
The signs of the times point to the necessity of the modification of the system of administration. 管理体制需要改革，这已越来越清楚了。 No year passes now without evidence of the truth of the statement that the work of government is becoming increasingly difficult. 行政管理工作已变得越来越困难了，每年都证明确实如此。
英语修辞学(Rhetoric)
Syllepsis
Syllepsis是指用一个词（如动词、形容词、介词等）同时与两个或更多的词相搭配，在越一个词搭配时用一种词义，而在与另一个词搭配时则用另一种词义,这种搭配在句法规则和语义上都是正确的，并产生不同的字面意义和比喻意义。
He lost the game and his temper. 他输了这一局，大发脾气。
半谐音也可称“无韵”，是指一组词、一句话或一行诗中同一元音重复出现，它具有音乐的节奏感，可增强语言的表现力。例如：
It’s fair and square affair from the beginning to the end. 这件事自始至终都是光明正大的。
All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。
Pun
双关（pun） 就是用发音相似的词来表达特殊意义的修辞手法，它非常能够体现使用者的睿智机敏、幽默俏皮，造成印象隽永的效果。它的使用场合亦庄亦谐，既常见于故事、笑话、谜语、儿歌等，又可用于正式场合，表达严肃的思想和深邃的感情。 — Why is an empty parse always the same? — Because there is never any change in it.(change既表示“零钱”，又表示“变化”。“空钱包”里边没“零钱”当然就永远瘪着，毫无“变化”了。)
2。主体和喻体一般指两个不同的事物。
本体和喻体通常一个抽象一个具体，一个熟悉一个陌生
Simile(明喻)
希腊语Metapherein (transfer )转换
无需借助比喻词，直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描写。也称隐喻，是依据比喻和被比喻两种不同事物的相似或相关关系而构成的修辞格。 例如：
英语修辞学
英语修辞学事先声明，此贴转自百度贴吧，具体地方忘记了，是好久以前存在电脑里的。
有人问到修辞，所以贴一下，大家都来学习一下。
1. 比喻 (metaphor)比喻就是打比方。
可分为明喻和暗喻:A. 明喻 (simile):A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things arecompared.明喻:一种修辞手法，把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较.用like, as, as...as, as if(though) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。
例如:“How like the winter hath my absence been” or “So are you(Shakespeare). to my thoughts as food to life”“我的离开好象是冬天来临” 或“你对我的思想就象食物对于生命一样重要” (莎士比亚)O my love's like a red, red rose. 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。
The man can't be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel. 那个人不可信赖。
他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。
He jumped as if he had been stung.他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。
Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. 童年就像一场疾逝的梦。
B. 暗喻 (metaphor): 缩写 met.， metaph.A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarilydesignates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicitcomparison.用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。
英语修辞学课件
Metaphor
A figure of speech in which one thing is described in terms of another. The basic figure in poetry. A comparison is usually implicit; whereas in simile it is explicit.
(Shakespeare, As you Like it ) The first clause sets up the basic comparison. The tenor and vehicle invoked by the first line are elaborated in the lines that follow. The metaphor makes possible for the literary writer to explain things vividly in great detail.
Metonymy
w Definition: one thing for another; association
w Metonymy is Greek for a change of name Function: brief, vivid, interesting
w Example: w What is learned in the cradle is carried to
Metaphor
w The boy wolfed down the food the moment he grabbed it.
w Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. ( Of Studies, Bacon)
英语修辞学(5 修辞手段)
5.2 辞格 (Figure of Speech
1) 明喻 (Simile): like, as
2) 隐喻/暗喻 (Metaphor): be Beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance. The population mushroomed in the postwar decades. I was all smiles, looking forward to a pleasant homey evening. A policeman waved me out of the snake of traffic and flagged me to stop.
5 修辞手段
5.2 辞格 (Figure of Speech
4) 转喻/借喻/借代 (Metonymy) c. 用特征或特定环境代表具有该特征的或该环境下 的人或物 cradle—childhood, grave—death, crown—king, the Cross—the Christian religion d. 用抽象代具体或具体代抽象 brain—mind, a beauty—a beautiful woman I had the muscle, and they made money out of it.
5 修辞手段
5.2 辞格 (Figure of Speech
c. 用局部代表全部 sail—ship, hands—helpers, roofs—houses d. 用全部代表局部 China—Chinese team, year—spring e. 用原材料代表成品 silver—money, canvas—sail, steel—sword, boards—stage, silk—silk coat
英语修辞学大纲【精选】
《英语修辞学》课程教学大纲一、说明适用专业四年制本科英语专业语言文学方向先修课程高级英语总学时32总学分2（一）本课程的目的、要求（1）使学生较系统地了解英语修辞产生的原因及其对提高语言表现力的重要作用认识，增强对英语的理解能力，提高恰当运用英语语言的交际能力。
（2）使学生学会从修辞的观点出发，从英语语言现象入手，对其内涵进行分析，初步掌握对语言进行研究、分析和比较的方法。
（3）使学生掌握各种主要的修辞手段，提高实践中运用英语的能力和理解与欣赏英语文学作品的能力。
（二）内容选取和实施中注意的问题（1）本课程应坚持理论与实践相结合的原则，适当介绍修辞理论，重点讲述实用性内容，要求学生运用所学理论分析语言实例。
（2）突出重点、兼顾一般。
在选取内容上要注意以语音、词汇、句子三级修辞方法为重点，其中又应以喻类辞格为重点。
（3）学生对明喻比较熟悉，可以略而不讲或只作为隐喻的比较对象略谈。
（4）培养学生对语言的观察能力，让学生自己寻找例句并作出说明，以加深对所学内容的理解。
（5）大纲中不带“*”号的内容属于基本内容，带“*”号内容可讲可不讲。
（三）教学方法（1）教师为主导、学生为中心。
防止教师一言堂，要在教师指导下，发挥学生的学习主动性。
（2）理论与实践相结合，课堂讲授与学生分析讨论相结合。
（四）考核方式本课程为考查课程，采用口头与笔头相结合的方式:（1）口头方式主要以课堂提问和课堂讨论表现情况为考核依据。
（2）笔头方式主要以学生平时笔头作业完成情况和课程结束时笔头测验成绩为考核依据。
（3）口头考核成绩占40%，笔头考核成绩占60%。
（五）教学内容与学时分配教学章节教学内容学时安排备注1修辞学定义22西方修辞学简史44词语的选择35句子的选择27语音类修辞格48-9句法类修辞格610语义类修辞格611逻辑类修辞格4机动2测验二、大纲内容Chapter 1 What Is Rhetoric?1.1 Rhetoric and oratory1.2 Connotation of rhetoric1.3 Definitions of rhetoric1.4 Five assumptions说明和要求:（1）了解修辞与演说之间的关系（2）修辞学的定义Chapter 2 Brief History of Western Rhetoric2.1 Classical rhetoric (5th c. B.C.---5th c. A.D.)2.2 Rhetoric in the Middle Ages (5th---14th c.)*2.3 Rhetoric in the Renaissance (15th---16th c.)*2.4 New Classical Rhetoric (17th---19th c.)2.5 Contemporary Rhetoric说明和要求:（1）了解西方修辞学产生与发展的历史（2）了解亚里士多德等学者对西方修辞学的贡献（3）了解当今修辞学发展的现状和主要趋势Chapter 4 Choice of Words4.1 Use suitable words4.2 Denotation and connotation4.3 General words and specific words4.4 Abstract words and concrete words4.5 Short words and long words说明和要求:（1）了解词的本义与衍生义（2）了解概括词与特指词的语用功能（3）了解抽象词和具体词的语用功能（4）了解大词和小词的来源和对语体色彩的影响Chapter 5 Choice of Sentences5.1 Types of sentences5.2 Long and short sentences说明和要求:（1）了解不同句子结构的修辞作用（2）了解长句和短句的语用功能Chapter 7 Phonetic Figures of Speech7.1 Alliteration7.2 Assonance7.3 Consonance7.4 Onomatopoeia7.5 Aposiopesis7.6 Apostrophe7.7 Pun说明和要求:（1）本部分从语音在语言中的地位讲起，适当介绍语音学方面的知识，重点提示音韵法在诗歌中所起的重要作用及其对散文、广告等各语体的影响。
英语修辞学(打印版)
英语修辞手法1) Simile：(明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country./ This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.2) Metaphor：(暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage./ The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.3) Analogy: (类比）It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.4) Personification: (拟人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). For example, the wind whistled through the trees.5) Hyperbole: (夸张）It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. For instance, he almost died laughing.6) Understatement: (含蓄陈述）It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地) understating it, impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement. For instance, It is no laughing matter.7) Euphemism: (委婉）It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to "die" as” pass away".8) Metonymy (转喻）It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another. For instance, the pen (words) is mightier than the sword (forces). 借代（metonymy）是指两种不同事物并不相似，但又密不可分，因而常用其中一种事物名称代替另一种。
英语修辞学(Rhetoric)
谈到暗喻，有必要说说它的两种变体 （variety）：博喻（sustained 博喻（ 博喻 metaphor）和延喻（extended ）和延喻（ metaphor），它们是英语比喻中的特殊类 ） 型。 （1）博喻 连续使用多个喻体去比喻主体 ） 的方法就叫做博喻。 的方法就叫做博喻。比如：
There again came out the second flash, with the spring of a serpent and the shout of a fiend, looked green as an emerald, and the reverberation was stunning.(爆发了第二次闪 电，她像蛇一样蜿蜒，如魔鬼般嘶叫，像翠玉般碧 绿，轰隆隆震耳欲聋。) 这个例子中对闪电的比喻 就用了三个喻体，spring of a serpent（动态）， shout of a fiend（声音），green as an emerald(颜色)，它们从不同角度绘声绘色地把闪 电呈现在读者面前。由此可见，多喻体的使用其优 势是单一喻体所无法比拟的。它可以多角度、多侧 面、多层次、多结构地表现主体。
名词型和动词型
"noun" pattern名词型 A is B 名词型: "verb" pattern动词型 动词型: 名词型 动词型 Time is money. 时间就是金钱。 Snow clothes the ground. 雪覆盖了大 地。 Beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance. The case snowballed into one of the most famous trials in U.S. history. 没有德行的美丽好比没有芬芳的玫 瑰。 这个案子像滚雪球似地最终成了美国 历史上最著名的审判之一。 Some people think that marriage is a lottery. 有些人认为婚姻是缘分。 A stranger then is still dogging us. 一 个陌生人仍在跟踪我们。 He is the eyes and ears of the manager. 他是经理的耳目。 My desk is flooded with paper. 我的 桌子上堆满了纸，就像洪水泛滥一样。 Look at that guy all meat and no potatoes. 瞧那个家伙，浑身都是肉。 The years have silvered her hair. 岁 月已使她的鬓发如霜。 I was, inwardly, all white flag. 我内 The population mushroomed in the 心里却妥协了。 postwar decades. Greece was the cradle of Western culture. 希腊是西方文化的发源地/ 战后数十年里人口快速增长。 摇篮。 My heart was pumping. 我的心怦怦 The old man's face is a map of 直跳。 time. 那老人脸就是岁月的写照。 He doesn't have any idea of his own. He just parrots what other people say. 他没有自己的观点，只会鹦鹉学舌。
英语修辞学中文版
英语修辞学中文版简介英语修辞学是一门研究英语语言修辞现象和修辞技巧的学科。
在中文语境下，英语修辞学的研究和应用同样具有重要意义，可以帮助中文学习者更好地理解和应用英语语言技巧，提高语言表达能力。
本文将介绍英语修辞学的定义、历史背景、主要修辞手法以及在中文语境下的应用和意义。
一、英语修辞学的定义英语修辞学（English Rhetoric）是一门研究如何运用语言技巧来有效地表达思想、情感和观点的学科。
它涉及到语言的各个方面，包括词汇、语法、句子结构、篇章结构等。
英语修辞学不仅关注语言的表达形式，还关注语言的内容和效果，旨在通过恰当的语言手段来影响听众或读者的态度和行为。
二、英语修辞学的历史背景英语修辞学源于古希腊和罗马时代的古典修辞学，当时被广泛应用于法庭辩论、政治演讲和宗教仪式中。
随着时间的推移，修辞学逐渐发展成为一门独立的学科，并形成了不同的流派和理论体系。
现代英语修辞学开始于19世纪，随着语言学和文学研究的不断发展，修辞学逐渐成为一门跨学科的综合性学科，与语言学、文学、心理学、社会学等多个领域产生了密切的联系。
三、英语修辞学的主要修辞手法1.比喻（Metaphor）: 通过将一个事物比喻为另一个事物来表达某种意象或概念。
比喻可以分为明喻和暗喻两种形式。
明喻是直接将一个事物比喻为另一个事物，而暗喻则是暗示一个事物具有另一个事物的特征或性质。
2.拟人（Personification）: 将非人类的事物赋予人类的特征或情感，使其形象更加生动。
例如，“春天是一位温柔的姑娘，给大地披上五彩斑斓的衣裳。
”3.夸张（Hyperbole）: 通过夸大或缩小事物的特征来强调某种情感或效果。
例如，“他饿得像一只三天没吃饭的老虎。
”4.反语（Irony）: 通过说反话或使用讽刺的方式来表达与字面意思相反的含义。
例如，“你真是个天才，居然在考试前一天才开始复习。
”5.排比（Parallelism）: 通过使用结构相似或意义相近的词语或句子来增强语言的表现力和节奏感。
英语修辞学中20种常见修辞格名称...
英语修辞学中20种常见修辞格名称双语释义及举例（Bilingual definitions and examples of 20 common rhetorical names inEnglish Rhetoric）20 common rhetorical name in English rhetoric bilingual definitions and examples (2012-04-27 21:08:55) reprint we label: reproduced classification: English MajorsOriginal address: bilingual definitions and examples of 20 commonly used rhetorical figures in English Rhetoric: Author: Jiang JiangFLTRP Cup English debate in English Rhetoric: how to say? 1.Simile 2.Metaphor metaphor, simile; metaphor; metonymy3.Metonymy;4. Synecdoche5. Synaesthesia synaesthesia synecdoche;6. Personification7. Hyperbole; personification; exaggeration;8. Parallelism alignment;9. Euphemism euphemism, euphemism; 10. Allegory 11. Irony 12. allegory; irony; Pun pun;13. Antithesis / / even than the controlBilingual definitions and examples of 20 common rhetorical names in English RhetoricThe use of figures of speech in English (three)What is a figure of speech?Figures of speech is the language art to improve the effect of language expression. It can make the language vivid and vivid, and give people the enjoyment of beauty. In order to translate English figures of speech, we should first make clear itscharacteristics, make clear the similarities and differences between the two languages in English and Chinese, and then use appropriate skills to translate them according to the specific situation. A lot of English rhetoric, but roughly divided like can be divided into phonetic rhetoric, rhetorical devices and syntactical rhetorical devices.(1) devices rhetorical (phonological)As the name suggests, phonological figures of speech are rhetorical devices created by the phonetic features of words. It mainly includes onomatopoeia, alliteration and assonance.1. the onomatopoeia figure Onomatopoeia is a rhetorical device imitating the sounds produced by things, which is exactly the same as Chinese onomatopoeia. The proper use of it can make the language more vivid. Such as:Presently there came the click of high-heeled shoes. heels presently there came the click of.2. Alliteration is in a alliterative phrase or a verse, there are more than two words close to each other, the first syllable (or other syllable) with letters or sound the same;3. yuan / abdominal rhyme rhyme assonance? As (ns]? N)? In a word or in the middle of a line, there are two or more words with the same vowel. The former Chinese and two (two or more syllables in Chinese, the same initials, called dual sound, it is not similar to the figures) and Chinese Poems (two or more syllables are very similar to each other the same final). Forexample:(1) Peter Piper picked a peck of picking pepper. (alliteration) Peter. Peter Piper picked a peck of picking pepper.(2) With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. (assonance), with this faith, we can chisel the mountain of despair into a rock of hope.(two) devices rhetorical (semantic)Figures of speech are created mainly by means of semantic association and linguistic changes. They mainly include:Simile, metaphor, allusion, metonymy, transferred epithet, personifi-cation, hyperbole, irony, euphemism, pun, oxymoron, zeugma, contrast, et al.A. simile, metaphor; allusionSimile and Chinese similes are basically the same, the use of a certain things or situations to match another thing or situation. The body and Yu Tijun appear in the same sentence, in the form of corresponding. The English Simile metaphor is usually like, as...... As), Chinese Simile metaphor is usually "like" and "like" etc.. For example:他们就像街上的有轨电车。
英语修辞学第九章ppt课件
1. 松散句 (loose sentence) 2. 圆周句(periodic sentence) 3. 对偶句(antithesis)
Extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice; moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue. 4. 排比句(parallelism)
16. 换称(antonomasia) (来源：宗教，古代及当代的历史和文学，借代中的专 有名词则无须具有类似的起源）
Solomon tor;
Uncle Tom
17. 通感(synaesthesia)
And like music on the waters
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采用PP管及配件：根据给水设计图配 置好PP管及配 件，用 管件在 管材垂 直角切 断管材 ，边剪 边旋转 ，以保 证切口 面的圆 度，保 持熔接 部位干 净无污 物
5. 反复( rhetorical repetition) Happy, happy pair None but the brave, None but the brave, None but the brave deserves the fair. (连续反复） Like draws like. （首尾反复） We eat to live, not live to eat.（逆转反复） For glances beget ogles, ogles sighs, sighs wishes, wishes
22. 轭式搭配(zeugma) He ate a bun and a glass of milk. At noon Mrs. Turpin would get out of bed and humor, put
隽语英语修辞学
隽语英语修辞学
隽语英语修辞学（Elocution）是一个修辞学的分支，主要研究
和探讨演讲和朗诵的艺术。
隽语这个词源于拉丁语"eloquentia"，意为雄辩和口才。
英语修辞学旨在培养和提高演讲者的表达能力，使其能够以流利、准确、优美的语言向听众传达信息并引发共鸣。
隽语英语修辞学包括以下重要元素和技巧：
1. 发音（Phonetics）：研究语音的产生、轻重、音调和语调的运用等，旨在使演讲者的语音发音准确清晰。
2. 语调（Intonation）：通过改变声调的高低、升降和延长缩
短等手段，使语言更有感染力和表情。
3. 节奏（Rhythm）：有效利用语言中的重音和停顿，使演讲
更有节奏感和韵律性。
4. 语音语调（Inflection）：通过改变语音的强弱、上升或下降的方式表达情感，使演讲更加生动和富有表情。
5. 语气（Tone）：在演讲中选择合适的语气，如严肃、幽默、感慨等，以达到有效传达信息的目的。
6. 发声（Articulation）：训练演讲者清晰地发出每个音节和音素，使听众能够准确理解。
7. 姿势与仪态（Posture and Gesture）：通过身体语言，如姿势、手势和面部表情，在演讲中增加互动和有效的沟通。
隽语英语修辞学不仅关注语言技巧，还涉及演讲表达的情感和感染力。
它旨在培养演讲者的口才和演讲能力，使其能够更好地与听众建立联系，达到沟通并影响他人的目的。
《英语修辞学》第一章
➢ 4. Assessment: Exam
Total grades = 20% of Regular Grades + 80%of the Final Exam
* Regular Grades consists of 10% of class attendance and 10% of
manipulate [ mə'nipjuleit ] others.
现代英语修辞学研究的是人类使用符号互相交流的能 力，这种能力是人类所持有的，人类使用符号来构建自 己的世界，来认识自我，来和其他人一起互动，使生活 更有意义。
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• 通过对语言材料的选择、调整、修饰，使语言美化， 更好地交流思想，表情达意。所谓“调整”，主要 指依据题旨(subject) 情境 (occasion / context)的需要，对词语、句式、段落篇章作恰当 地选择和安排；所谓“修饰”，主要指恰当地选择 一些修辞手段、修辞方法，增强语言表达的艺术效 能。调整的目的，就是要求语言准确、鲜明，没有 丝毫的模糊，也没有丝毫的歧义，使人家清楚、明 白。 -- 杨鸿儒《当代中国修辞学》
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Ⅰ About the Course
➢ 1. Optional course of English Major ➢ 2. Learners: Seniors of English Major ➢ 3. Main content:
General idea about English rhetoric a brief and interesting survey of the history of rhetoric with emphasis on several major classical rhetoricians and their theories and application
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英语修辞学
Ⅰ. Phonetic figure of speech 语音修辞
1.Alliteration 押头韵
Bread not bombs.
Cut crimes with jobs not jails.
Time and tide waits for no man.
2.Assonance 押元音
Let us help you extend yourself.
Could anything ever replace the taste of old grape and apple juice.
Haste makes waste.
Spend dime save your time.
3.Consonance
Women don’t angonize,organize.
Farms not arms.
4.Aposiopesis 中间间断法
Another step forward,you will…
5.Pun 双关
To England I will steal,and there I’ll steal.
If we don’t hang together,we hang separately.
On Sunday they pray for you,on Monday they prey on you.
You earn your living.You urn your dead.
Ⅱ.Syntactic figure of speech 句法修辞
1. Repetition 重复
There is no,no,no,life.
2. Anaphora 句首重复
I want to know,I want to know who is the girl.
3.Epiphora 句尾重复
Reading makes a full man,conference a ready man and writing an exact man.
4.Simploce 首尾重复
Those who are toil to death,those who are worried to death,those who are bored to death.
5.Parallelism 平行结构
It was not anger,nor surprise,nor disapproval,nor horror,nor any of emotions that she has been prepared for.
Kind hearts are the gardens,kind thoughts are the roots,kind words are the flowers,kind deeds are the fruits.
6.Antithesis 对照
It was the season of light,it was the season of darkness;it was the spring of hope,it was the winter of despair.
When poverty comes in at the door,love flies out of at the window.
7.Climax 高潮
I came，I saw, I conquer.
I was born American,I live American,I shall die American.
8.Anticlimax 反高潮突降法
Where shall I find hope,happiness,friends,cigarette,burp.
9.Syllepsis 一语双叙
He lost his coat and temper.
She opened the door and her heart to the homeless child.
10.Zeugma 轭式修饰法
To make flying more comfortable,we want to great lenghths and great widths.
11.Chiasmus 交错排列法
One should eat to live not live to eat.
For my thoughts are not your thoughts,neither are your wise are my wise.
12.Rhetorical question 反问
If winter comes,can sping be far behind?
Ⅲ.Semantic figure of speech 语意修辞
1. Simile 明喻
As cool as cucumber (泰然自若)
Like a hen on the griddle
What A is to B,C is to D.
A fool can no more see his own folly than he can see his ears.
Love and cough can not be hid.
2. Metaphor 暗喻
The world is a stage.
All the world’s a stage,and all the men and women merely players.
Money is a bottomless sea,in which honour,conscience and truth may be drowed.
Some books are to be tasted,others to be swallowed,and some few to be chewed and digested.
Books are the ever-burning lamps and wisdom.
3.Personification 拟人
Australia is so kind,just trickle her with a hoe and she laughs with a harvest.
Laziness travels so slowly.
4.Metonymy 转喻
To read a Shakespeare or a Mark Twain is to eat a food full of protein.
Without sweat,without bread.
A hundred bayonet were marching.
5.Synecdoche 提喻
The farm is short of hands.
There are hundreds of sails in the harbor.
The prisoner is in irons.
The poor man had six mouths to feed.
China beat Japan at volleyball.
6.Euphemism 委婉语
His wife is expecting another child.
7.Parody 仿写
I had no outlook but an uplook rather.My place in society was at bottom.
8.Synesthesia 共感
The rooms on the first floor are cold color.
9.Transfered epithet 移就
I speak to him in hesitant French.
A sleepless night
A happy day
Ⅳ.Logical figure of speech 逻辑修辞
1. Allusion 引喻
He met his Waterloo in 1940s.
2. Hyperbole 夸张
I was destroyed fatigue.
3.Irony 讽刺
We’re luck it’s the other side on the 13th of December.That makes us feel real good.
For instance the nuns who never take a bath without a bathrobe all the time,when asked why,since no man can see them they reply“Oh,but you forget the good God.”
4.Oxymoron 矛盾修饰
Bitter sweat
Victorious defeat
True lie
Loyal deceit
Tearful joy
5.Paradox 自相矛盾
A strong man knows his weakness.
6.Overstatement 高调论述
Bob loves running risks,and he once dived from the overhanging cliff ,often thousand feet high into the sea.
7.Understatement 低调论述
He is no fool.
That civil servant was not without ambition.。