2010年英语专八考试翻译真题
2010专八真题及答案.doc
2010 专八真题及答案【篇一：2010 英语专八真题及答案(word 完整版)】>test for english majors (2010)-grade eight- part isection a listening comprehension (35 min) mini-lecturein this section you will hear a mini-lecture. you will hear thelecture once only. while listening, take notes on the importantpoints. your notes will not be marked, but you will need themto complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. when thelecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check yournotes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling taskon answer sheet one. use the blank sheet for note-taking.complete the gap-filling task. some of the gaps below mayrequire a maximum of three words. make sure the word(s) youfill in is (are) both grammatically semantically acceptable. youmay refer to your notes.paralinguistic features of languagein face-to-face communication speakers often alter theirtomes of voice or change their physical postures in order toconvey messages. these means are called paralinguisticfeatures of language, which fall into two categories. firstcategory: vocal paralinguistic featuresa. (1)__________: to express attitude or intention(1)__________b. examples1. whispering:need for secrecy2.breathiness:deep emotion3. (2)_________: unimportance (2)__________4. nasality:anxiety5. extra lip-rounding: greater intimacysecond category: physical paralinguistic featuresa. facial expressions1. (3)_______ (3)__________----- smiling: signal of pleasure or welcome2. less common expressions----- eye brow raising: surprise or interest----- lip biting: (4)________ (4)_________b. gesturegestures are related to culture. 1. britishculture----- shrugging shoulders: (5) ________(5)__________----- scratching head: puzzlement2. other cultures----- placing hand upon heart:(6)_______ (6)__________----- pointing at nose: secretc. proximity, posture and echoing1. proximity: physical distance between speakers----- closeness: intimacy or threat----- (7)_______: formality or absence of interest(7)_________ proximity is person-, culture- and (8)________ -specific. (8)_________2. posture----- hunched shoulders or a hanging head: to indicate(9)_____ (9)________----- direct level eye contact: to express an open or challenging attitude3. echoing----- definition: imitation of similar posture----- (10)______: aid in communication (10)___________----- conscious imitation: mockery section b interviewin this section you will hear everything once only. listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. mark the correct answer to each question on answer sheet two.questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. at the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.now listen to the interview.1. according to dr johnson, diversity meansa. merging of different cultural identities.b. more emphasis on homogeneity.c. embracing of more ethnic differences.d. acceptance of more branches of christianity.2. according to the interview, which of the following statements in correct?a. some places are more diverse than others.b. towns are less diverse than large cities.c. diversity can be seen everywhere.d. american is a truly diverse country.3. according to dr johnson, which place will witness a radicalchange in its racial makeup by 2025?a. maineb. selinsgrovec.philadelphia d.california4. during the interview dr johnson indicates thata. greater racial diversity exists among younger populations.b. both older and younger populations are racially diverse.c. age diversity could lead to pension problems.d. older populations are more racially diverse.5. according to the interview, religious diversitya. was most evident between 1990 and 2000.b. exists among muslim immigrants.c. is restricted to certain places in the us.d. is spreading to more parts of the country.section c news broadcastin this section you will hear everything once only. listencarefully and then answer the questions that follow. mark thecorrect answer to each question on your coloured answersheet.question 6 is based on the following news. at the end of thenews item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer thequestion.now listen to the news.6. what is the main idea of the news item?a. sony developed a computer chip for cell phones.b. japan will market its wallet phone abroad.c. the wallet phone is one of the wireless innovations.d. reader devices are available at stores and stations.question 7 and 8 is based on the following news. at the end ofthe news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer thequestions.now listen to the news.7. which of the following is mentioned as the government ’s measure to control inflation?a. foreign investment.b. donorsupport.c. price control.d. bank prediction.8. according to kingdom bank, what is the current inflationrate in zimbabwe?a. 20 million percent.b. 2.2 million percent.c. 11.2million percent.d. over 11.2 million percent.question 9 and 10 are based on the following news. at the endof the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer thequestion.now listen to the news.9. which of the following is correct? a. a big fireerupted on the nile river.b. helicopters were used to evacuate people.c. five people were taken to hospital for burns.d. a big fire took place on two floors. 10. the likely cause of the bigfire isa. electrical short-cut.b. lack of fire-satefy measures.c. terrorism.d.not known.part ii reading comprehension (30 min)in this section there are four reading passages followed by atotal of 20 multiple-choice questions. read the passages andthen mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.text astill, the image of any city has a half-life of many years. (sodoes its name, officially changed in 2001 from calcutta tokolkata, which is closer to what the word sounds like in bengali. conversing in english, i never heard anyone call thecity anything but calcutta.) to westerners, the conveyancemost identified with kolkata is not its modern subway — afacility whose spacious stations have art on the walls andcricket matches on television monitors —but the hand-pulled rickshaw. stories and films celebrate a primitive-looking cartwith high wooden wheels, pulled by someone who looks closeto needing the succor of mother teresa. for years the government has been talking about eliminating hand-pulledrickshaws on what it calls humanitarian grounds —principallyon the ground that, as the mayor of kolkata has often said, it isoffensive to see “one man sweating and straining to pullanother man. ”but these days politicians also lament theimpact of 6,000 hand- pulled rickshaws on a modern city ’straffic and, particularly, on its image. “w s e t r s y t e t o r n e rassociate beggars and these rickshaws with the calcuttalandscape, but this is not what calcutta stands for, ”the chiefminister of west bengal, buddhadeb bhattacharjee, said in apress conference in 2006. “our city stands for prosperity anddevel opment. ”the chief minister t h—eequivalent of a state governor —went on to announce thathand-pulled rickshaws soon would be banned from the streetsof kolkata.from june to september kolkata can get torrential rains, and itsdrainage system doesn ’t need o t rrential rain to begin backingup. residents who favor a touch of hyperbole say that inkolkata “if a stray cat pees, there ’s a flood. ”during my stay itonce rained for about 48 hours. entire neighborhoods couldn ’tbe reached by motorized vehicles, and the newspapers showed pictures of rickshaws being pulled through water that was up to the pullers ’waists. when it ’s raining, the normalcustomer base for rickshaw pullers expands greatly, as doesthe price of a journey. a writer in kolkata told me, t “when irains, even the governor takes rickshaws. ”while i was in kolkata, a magazine called india today publishedits annual ranking of indian states, according to suchmeasurements as prosperity and infrastructure. among india ’s20 largest states, bihar finished dead last, as it has for four ofthe past five years. bihar, a couple hundred miles north ofkolkata, is where the vast majority of rickshaw pullers comefrom. once in kolkata, they sleep on the street or in theirrickshaws or in a dera —a combination garage and repair shop and dormitory managed bysomeone called a sardar. for sleeping privileges in a dera, pullers pay 100 rupees (about$2.50) a month, which sounds like a pretty good deal untilyou’ve visited a dera. they gross between 100 and 150 rupees aday, out of which they have to pay 20 rupees for the use of therickshaw and an occasional 75 or more for a payoff if a policeman stops them for, say, crossing astreet where rickshaws are prohibited. a 2003 study found that rickshawpullers are near the bottom of kolkata occupations in income,doing better than only the ragpickers and the beggars. forsomeone without land or education, that still beats trying tomake a living in bihar.there are people in kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people, who will not ride in a rickshaw, because they are offended by the idea of being pulled by another human being or because they consider it not the sortof thing people of their station do or because they regard thehand-pulled rickshaw as a relic of colonialism. ironically, someof those people are not enthusiastic about banning rickshaws.the editor of the editorial pages of kolkata ’s telegraph—rudrangshu mukherjee, a former academic who still writeshistory books —told me, for instance, that he sees humanitarian considerations as coming down on the side ofkeeping hand- pulled rickshaws on the road. “i refuse to be carried by another human being myself, ”he said, “but i question whether we have the right to take away theirlivelihood. ”rickshawsupporters point out that when it comesto demeaning occupations, rickshaw pullers are hardly uniquein kolkata.when i asked one rickshaw puller if he thought thegovernment ’s plan to rid the city of rickshaws was based on agenuine interest in his welfare, he smiled, with a quick shakeof his head —a gesture i interpreted to mean, “if【篇二：2010 年英语专八真题及其答案】s (2010) -grade eight- listening comprehension (35 min)section a mini-lecturein this section you will hear a mini-lecture. you will hear thelecture once only. while listening, take notes on the importantpoints. your notes will not be marked, but you will need themto complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. when thelecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check yournotes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling taskon answer sheet one. use the blank sheet for note-taking.complete the gap-filling task. some of the gaps below mayrequire a maximum of three words. make sure the word(s) youfill in is (are) both grammatically semantically acceptable. youmay refer to your notes.。
2010年专八翻译
1821年，《伦敦杂志》发表了德·昆西 年 伦敦杂志》发表了德 昆西 的著名作品《 的著名作品《一个英国鸦片服用者的自 作者于1804年因治 病而服用鸦 白》。作者于 年因治 因而成瘾。 片，因而成瘾。这部作品以他的亲身体 想象,描写了主人公的心理和潜意 验和 想象 描写了主人公的心理和潜意 识活动,预示了 预示了20世纪 识活动 预示了 世纪 现代派文学的题 材和写作方法的出现。 材和写作方法的出现。
and there was interspace far larger between them of meadows and forest lawns; the hedges were rich with white roses; 译文1：诸山相距空旷 丰草如茵， 相距空旷， 译文 ：诸山相距空旷，丰草如茵，林 地开阔，错落其间； 地开阔，错落其间； 树篱上的白玫瑰娟 娟弥望； 娟弥望； 译文2：而旦在它们之间展开着更大的 译文 ： 草场和林间草地； 草场和林间草地；灌木围篱上长满了白 色的玫瑰； 色的玫瑰；
Friends tend to become more intimated if they have the same interests and temper, they can get along well and keep contacting; otherwise they will separate and end the relationship. Friends who are more familiar and closer can not be too casual and show no respect. Otherwise the harmony and balance will be broken, and the friendship will also be nonexistent any more.
2010年专八真题超级详解
英语专业八级2010年试题答案及解析第一部分听力理解SECTION A MINI-LECTURE1. tones of voice【解析】细节题。
这篇讲座主要介绍辅助语言学，其特征分为两大类，第一类就是语言特征，文中提到“Vocal features are actually tones of voice...”。
2. huskiness【解析】细节题。
由“The third is huskiness, which is to show unimportance.”可以得知表达沙哑的语音特征就是“huskiness”。
3. universal expression/signal【解析】细节题。
肢体的辅助语言特征第一类是面部表情，作者举例时讲到“We all know smiling is an almost universal signal of pleasure or welcome”,同时，也列举了一些不常用的表情，即less common expression,与之相对应的也就是universal expression,所以答案是“universal expression/signal”。
4. thinking or uncertainty【解析】细节题。
在介绍面部表情时作者提到“…biting your lip, which indicates you are deep in thinking. or are uncertain about something,”。
5. lack of interest/indifference【解析】细节题。
在将英国人行为中，作者提到“In British English behavior, shrugging shoulders may indicate an attit ude of ‘I don't care’or‘ I don't know.’”。
2005--2010专八真题翻译部分与答案
2005—2010年专八真题 翻译部分原题及答案2005 年真题 Section A Chinese to English一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待劳动、工作等等的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。
古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。
我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。
治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。
参考译文：How significant is a person s life? Is there any standard to measure it? It will be very difficult to put forward an absolute standard, but in general, the significance of one s existence can be estimated by how he treats his life, by what attitude he takes to work and what ways he chooses to live. From ancient times up to now, all the accomplished people treat their lives very seriously. They work and, learn as much as possible. They hate to spend the best of their lives in vain, they do not want to let their time slip by. All the laboring people, great statesmen and thinkers of our country at all ages treasure their time in this way. Section B English to ChineseIt is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction, biography, poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author. try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible finess, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite. 参考译文：然而几乎没有什么人会从书中提问：书能给我们什么。
专八翻译真题(1995-2010)
2010年专八翻译真题(208)朋友关系的存续是以相互尊重为前提的, 容不得半点强求、干涉和控制。
朋友之间, 情趣相投、脾气对味则合、则交; 反之, 则离、则绝。
朋友之间再熟悉, 再亲密, 也不能随便过头，不恭不敬。
不然，默契和平衡将被打破, 友好关系将不复存在。
每个人都希望拥有自己的私密空间，朋友之间过于随便，就容易侵入这片禁区，从而引起冲突，造成隔阂。
待友不敬，或许只是一件小事，却可能已埋下了破坏性的种子。
维持朋友亲密关系的最好办法是往来有节，互不干涉。
To keep the relationship between friends is based on the mutual respect, without any importunity, interference or control. Between friends, if they have the similar taste and suitable temperament when they get together, then they will get along well, and make friends for long; if the other way around, they may separate from each other, and break the relationship. No matter how familiar or intimate with one another between friends, they could never be too over, without respect. Or else, the tacit understanding and the balance will be broken, and the friendship will not be there forever. Every body wants to keep their own privacies, and if too free, it is easy to intrude the forbidden region, thus causing conflicts, creating resistance. Treating friends without appropriate respect, which may be a small event, but a destructive result can be lain ahead. The best way to keep intimate friendship is contacting with restriction, without interference.2009年专八翻译真题(286字)我想不起来哪一个熟人没有手机。
2010英语专业八级真题及答案
今年的讲座名为“Paralinguistic Features of Languages”，主题是辅助语言学，对于英语专业的学生来说，这个话题或许没有专门学过，但并不陌生。
讲座类的内容非常突出的特点就是逻辑性强，思路很清晰，所以在听音频做笔记的时候，要特别注意总起性质的句子。
一般来说lecture的第一段会对接下来的内容做总结介绍，如果下文划分成若干个小类别，会概括性地提到这些类别，然后在后文进行详细的例证、再分类。
第一段对给考生一个宏观性的思路非常重要，听漏掉一两点也没关系，下文必然会重新提到。
本次真题的听力原文如下，注意文章中标粗的部分，是记笔记的重点部分：Paralinguistic features of languagesGood morning, everyone. Today we'll continue our discussion on describing language. Last week we examined such features of language as grammar, vocabulary, the sounds of language, etc. In this lecture, we'll look at another important aspect of language. Perhaps some of you may wonder what is this important aspect of language. Let me tell you. It refers to features of communication that takes place without the use of grammar and vocabulary. They are called …paralinguistic features of language'. These features fall into two broad categories: those that involve voice and those that involve the body.Now, the first category, is what we call vocal paralinguistic features. V ocal features are actually tones of voice. While they are, perhaps, not central to meaning in communication in the same way as grammar or vocabulary, they may, nevertheless, convey attitude or intention in some way. Let me give you some examples. The first is whispering, which indicates the needs for secrecy. The second is breathiness. This is to show deep emotion. The third is huskiness, which is to show unimportants. The fourth is nasality. This is to indicate anxiety. The last is extra lip-rounding, which expresses greater intimacy, expecially with babies, for example. So we can see that there are a number of ways of altering our tone of voice. And when we do this consciously, we do it to create different effects in communication.Now, let's come to the second category, physical paralinguistic features, which involves the body. In addition to convey meanings with tone of voice, we can also express our intentions through the ways in which we use our bodies. You may ask: what are the ways, then? Let me sight some brief examples. The expression on ourface, the gestures we make and even proximity or way we sit, are some of the ways we send powerful messages. About how we feel, or what we mean. Let me explain some of these in more detail. First, facial expression. Facial expression is a powerful conveyer of meaning. We all know smiling is an almost universal signal of pleasure or welcome. But there are other facial expressions that may not be so common. For instance, raising eye-brows - suggest that you are surprised or interested in something. Other facial actions, such as biting your lip, which indicates that you are deep in thinking, or are uncertain about something; compressing the lips, which show that you are making decisions; and a visible clenching of the teeth, to show that you are angry, are all powerful conveyers of meaning, too. The second in this category is gesture. You see, we use gesture to indicate a wide range of meanings. Though I have to emphasize that the actual gestures we use may be specific to particular cultures. That is to say different cultures have their own favorite gestures in conveying meaning. Here, a few examples may show you how powerful gestures can be. In British English behavior, shrugging shoulders may indicate an attit ude of …I don't care', or …I don't know'. Crossing your arms may indicate relaxation. But it can also powerfully show you are bored. Waving can mean welcome and farewell. While scratching your head may indicate that you are at a loss. In other cultures, placing your hand upon your heart is to indicate that you are telling the truth. Pointing your finger at your nose means it's a secret. That's why we say that gestures are culture bound. The third is proximity, posture and echoing. Proximity refers to the physical distance between speakers. This can indicate a number of things and can also be used to consciously send messages about intent. Closeness, for example, indicates intimacy or threat to many speakers. But distance may show formality, or lack of interest. Once again, I'd like to say, proximity is also both a matter of personal style, and is often culture bound. So, what may seem normal to a speaker from one culture may appear unnecessarily close or distant to a speaker from another. And standing close to someone may be quite appropriate in some situations such as an informal party, but completely out of place in other situations, such as a meeting with a superior. Next, posture. Posture means the way in which someone holds his or her body, especially the back, shoulders and head, when standing, walking or sitting. A few examples. Hunched shoulders and a hanging head give a powerful indication of whether the person is happy or not. A lowered head when speaking to a superior, with or without eye contact can convey the appropriate relationship in some cultures. On the other hand, direct level eye contact, changes the nature of interaction, and can been seen as either open or challenging. Last, echoing. Now, what is echoing? Let me start with an example. Some of you may have noticed this phenomenon in your experience. When two people are keen to agree each other, they would likely, though unconsciously adopt the same posture, as if an imitation of each other. They sit or stand in the same manor. When used in this way, echoing appears to complement the verbal communication. Of course, when such imitation is carried out consciously, it often indicates that someone is marking at another speaker.Ok, in today's lecture, we looked at some paralinguistic features, such as tone of voice, gesture and posture. These features, together with linguistic features of language, like grammar, or vocabulary, are all part of the way we communicate with each other in face to face encounters. In our next lecture, we'll watch some video material, and see how people actually use paralinguistic means in communication to express their intention or desire or mood.整理一下，整篇文章的要点非常清晰：I. V ocal Paralinguistic Features1. whispering- the needs for secrecy2. breathiness- deep emotion3. huskiness- unimportants4. nasality- anxiety5. extra lip-rounding- greater intimacyII. physical paralinguistic features1. facial expression- powerful conveyer of meaning.--e.g.1 smiling: pleasure or welcome--e.g.2 raising eye-brows: surprised or interested in something--e.g.3 biting your lip:deep in thinking/ uncertain about something--e.g.4 compressing the lips: making decisions--e.g.5 clenching of the teeth: angry2. gesture- culture bound--e.g.1 shrugging shoulders: 'I don't care', or 'I don't know'--e.g.2 crossing your arms: relaxation/ bored--e.g.3 waving: welcome and farewell--e.g.4 scratching your head: at a loss--e.g.5 placing your hand upon your heart: telling the truth--e.g.6 pointing your finger at your nose: it's a secret3. proximity, posture and echoing1). proximity: personal style & culture bound--e.g.1 closeness: intimacy, threat--e.g.2 distance: fomality, lack of interest2). posture: the way in which someone holds his or her body--e.g.1 Hunched shoulders and a hanging head: happy or not--e.g.2 A lowered head, eye contact: the appropriate relationship--e.g.3 direct level eye contact: open or challenging3). echoing: to complement the verbal communication运用各种自己熟悉的笔记符号，将上述列表中的内容快速记下来，只可以更少，不能更多。
2010年专八英译汉
•
•
词语理解应跳脱语境。 “Right before me lay the very scene which could really be commanded from that situation…”该句中，一 些考生将“Right”看作人的名字如“赖特”，或 理解为“右边”等，不知在这倒装句里，该词是 一副词；其次是“lay”，lie（躺, 平放, 展现, 展 开, 位于）的过往式，被硬生生理解为“下蛋”或 “生产”（有同学固然找准基本意思，却机械地 对应为该词最常用义项“躺”）；其三是 “command”一词，不少人直接理解为“命令”、 “掌控”等，不善于从语境出发对词义予以引申； 其四是“situation”，好些考生知其引申抽象意 义“情景，情况，形势”等，反而不知其“地点、 位置”的文字本义。
•
3、词语不熟悉。一些考生词汇量很是偏小，一些常见 词汇也熟悉不得。其中既有普通词汇亦有专有名词。普通 词汇如cottage、exalt、solemnize、valley、 interspace、meadow、lawn、hedge、tranquilly、 cattle、repose等；专有名词如Easter、Alpine等。普通 词汇中如cottage一词，据小组统计，有译作“牛棚/羊圈/ 仓库/马车/车库/楼阁/阳台/包厢/车间”等等不一而足； repose一词让构词法给误导，以为pose是照相摆姿势， 于是想当然地将repose推解为“不断变换着姿势”。至 于专有名词，则不仅是词汇量的题目，也是考生文化知识 缺失的题目。
专八真题翻译答卷分析解析
4. “朋友之间再熟悉、再亲密”是个让步状语 从句，要体现出来。
5. “随便过头、不恭不敬”比较难译，可以考 虑转换视角成“朋友在一起的时候也应有礼貌、 互相尊重”。
每个人都希望拥有自己的私密空间，朋友之间 过于随便，就容易侵入这片禁区，从而引起冲 突，造成隔阂。
学生版本一：Everyone hopes to own his own private room. When it is too causal for friend, they are easy to invade this forbidden area so thas are made.
2. 朋友之间和“合”与“交”其实是说关系融 洽，所以用become intimate或get along well
3. “绝”即断绝，意为“中止友谊”，可以考 虑用end，sever或break off，并与friendship 搭配。或者转换视角，翻译成“不再成为朋 友”。
朋友之间再熟悉、再亲密, 也不能随便过头、不恭不 敬。不然默契和平衡将被打破, 友好关系将不复存在。
学生版本一：No matter how familiar or how close between the friends are, we can’t be too causal, namely, we shouldn’t disrespect with each other. Otherwise the balance between friends will be broken and the good friendship will go forever.
待友不敬，或许只是一件小事，却可能已埋下 了破坏性的种子。
学生版本一：Maybe it’s just a small matter to disrespect a friend, but by doing so you have sowed the destructive consequence.
1995-2010英语专八汉译英及参考答案1
1995-2010英语专八汉译英及参考答案1CHINESE TO ENGLISH乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。
但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。
晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说：“有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。
我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。
”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。
乔羽说：“钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。
”ENGLISH TO CHINESEEffort is the gist of it. There is no happiness except as we take on life- engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of “The pleas u re of taking pains”. The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless.We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the roles. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary roles, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun.乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。
历年英语专业八级翻译真题以及答案
1995简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。
因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。
但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。
有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。
这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。
史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。
也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。
参考译文：However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is “important” and what is not.1996近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。
TEM8(1995-2010)汉译英答案
2010年专八真题翻译答案Friends tend to become more intimated if they have the same interests and temper, they can get along well and keep contacting; otherwise they will separate and end the relationship. Friends who are more familiar and closer can not be too casual and show no respect. Otherwise the harmony and balance will be broken, and the friendship will also be nonexistent any more. Everyone hopes to have his own private space, and if too casual among friends, it is easy to invade this piece of restricted areas, which will lead to the conflict, resulting in alienation. It may be a small matter to be rude to friends; however, it is likely to plant the devastating seeds. The best way to keep the close relationship between friends is to keep contacts with restraint, and do not bother each other.2009年专八真题翻译答案Cell phone has altered human relations. There is usually a note on the door of conference room, which reads "close your handset|." However, the rings are still resounding in the room. We are all common people and has few urgencies to do. Still, we are reluctant to turn off the phone. Cell phone symbolizes our connection with the world and reflects our "thirst for socialization." We are familiar with the scene when a person stops his steps to edit short messages with eyes glued at his phone, disregard of his location, whether in road center or beside restroom.2008年专八真题翻译答案Spiritual GardenI think everyone, in effect, has a small garden or a flower bed of his own, namely, our inner world. There is a need for human beings to tap into their own intelligence, as is the case with their inner world. What distinguishes between human beings and animals, apart from the various aspects which are universally known, may probably be in that human beings have an inner world. Heart is no more than an important organ whereas the inner world constitutes a landscape, which gradually takes its shape under the continuous influence from the outside world. So great is the importance that everyone attaches to the physical condition of his own heart or those of his closest and dearest ones, that merely a minor disease would enduringly weign on his mind.2007年专八真题翻译答案Beside this picture with profusions of colors, a group of sheep are lowing their heads, eating by the river bank. Hardly none of them would spare some time to raise their eyes to have a glance at the beautiful dusk. They are, perhaps, taking use of every minute to enjoy their last chew before being driven home. This is a picture of the Yellow River bank, in which the shepherd disappears, and no one knows where he is resting himself. Only the sheep, however, as free creatures, are joyfully appreciating the dusk. The exuberant water plants have nourished the sheep, making them grow as fat as balls. When approaching near, you would find their lily-white teeth and a variety of innocent facial impressions.2006年专八真题翻译答案Chinese people has never thought of human being as the highest creature among everything since ancient times, whose reflection takes a quite approporate proportion with all others in our natural world in both aspects of philosophy and arts, but not as an absolute dominant ruler. Therefore, our bitterness and depression are basically less than those of westerners, because the intensity of which is growing with the expansion of one's desire and ambition. People in the agriculture society enjoyed far less than people in the industry society, thus their wants are far less either. Besides, ancient Chinese always regard "not confined by material, not driven by material" as the major philosophy. It not means we do not have misers, but in comparison with Mauriat and Balzac's miser and aspirant, that is dwarfed. Chinese people almost characterized by moderation, peacefulness, insecular, plainess, and easier to get satisfied than westerners.1.Is there a standard to evaluate the significan ce of one’s life? It’s certainly difficult to offer a definite standard. But generally speaking, we can tell it by judging his attitude towards life and work, making clear whether he is serious about his life.Throughout the history, the outstanding people were all very serious about their lives. They made best use of every minute of their lives to work and study as much as possible, never wasting their time. None of the working people and the great statesmen and thinkers were of exception.2. What is the significance of life? Is there any criterion for its measurement? Difficult as it is to advance an absolute one, it will not be so to judge the very meaning of one’s existence generally from whether he is serious about life and what his attitudes are towards work and life.Throughout the ages, all people of accomplishment take their lives seriously. As long as they are alive, they would rather devote themselves to more work and study than let a single minute slip by in vain. And the same is true of the common labourers as well as the great statesmen and thinkers in our country. (选自2006年第一期《中国翻译》)2004年专八真题翻译答案We shouldn't be too romantic about human relationships. Human beings are funny. Usually, when they meet a person they will first notice his or her merits. It's just like the experience of dinning in a restaurant. The starter or cold dish will leave you a very good impression. You will be full of praise while eating the first two main courses. The more you eat, the calmer you will become. At the end of the dinner all the shortcomings come out. Then happiness turns to anger, praise to scolding and nit?picking, and heading?nodding to head?shaking. This is because: first, you are hungry when you begin eating. When you are hungry, the bran tastes as sweet as honey; when you are full, even the honey tastes insipid. ?Before I was taken ill, I had been a spoiled child of my parents, getting things my way in the family. Once isolated and confined to a small house on the slope of the garden, I suddenly found myself in disfavour and my wings clipped. One spring evening, with myriads of flowers in full bloom in the garden, my parents held a garden party in honour of many guests, whose arrival at once filled the place with laughing chats. In the small house on the slope, I quietly lifted the curtain, only to be met by a great and prosperous world with my elder brothers and sisters and my cousins among the guests, all in jubilation. All at once, seized by a fit of forlorn rage, I could not help bursting into tears.2002年专八真题翻译答案The bounty of nature is equal to everyone, rich or poor, and therefore all men are strongly attached to her. This is particularly true in the rural areas, where people have kept the same lifestyle for a millennium or so. They plant crops and grapevines, brew wine to drink, feed cows to milk, and weed gardens to grow flowers. They go to church at weekends, and they meet in the square on holidays, playing the violin, singing and dancing. The age-old land remains the same as their family hearth. Each place boasts its folklore and thereby social customs go down.2001年专八真题翻译答案In his later years (Late in his life), Qiao Yu has become enamored of fishing (developed a penchant / special fondness for fishing). He asserts: “ Mostly speaking, a place with water and fish must necessarily be blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood. I believe that the optimum fishing places are not those commercial fishing centers which provide the fishermen with all the conveniences and where fish are kept hungry for ready capture, but those naturally-formed plac es in the wilderness which exert a special appeal.” According to him, fishing can constitute an activity conducive to the cultivation of one’s temperament and to one’s health, at once physical and psychological. Qiao Y u claims: “Fishing can be divided into three stages. The first stage consists of mere fish-eating; the second a combination of fish-eating and the pleasure (enjoyment) of fishing; the third primarily the pleasure of fishing when, confronted with a pond of clear water, one puts aside all his troubling vexations and annoyances and enjoys the total relaxation both mentally and physically.”The first generation of museums are what might be called natural museums which, by means of fossils, specimens and other objects, introduced to people the evolutionary history of the Earth and various kinds of organisms. The second generation are those of industrial technologies which presented the fruits achieved by industrial civilization at different stages of industrialization. Despite the fact that those two generations of museums helped to disseminate / propagate / spread scientific knowledge, they nevertheless treated visitors merely as passive viewers.The third generation of museums in the world are those replete with / full of wholly novel concepts / notions / ideas. In those museums, visitors are allowed to operate the exhibits with their own hands, to observe and to experience carefully. By getting closer to the advanced science and technologies in this way, people can probe into their secret mysteries.The China Museum of Science and Technology is precisely one of such museums. It has incorporated some of the most fascinating features of those museums with international reputation. Having designed and created exhibits in mechanics, optics, electrical science, thermology, acoustics, and biology, those exhibits demonstrate scientific principles and present the most advanced scientific and technological achievements.1999年专八真题翻译答案The glory of Vancouver has been achieved through the wisdom and the industry of the Vancouver people, including the contributions of many ethnic groups. Canada, sparsely populated, has a territory larger than that of China, but its population is only less than 30 million. Consequently, to attracting immigrants from other countries has become a national policy long practiced/followed/cherished by Canada. All Canadians except the American Indians, so to speak, are foreign immigrants, differing only in the length of time they have settled in Canada. Vancouver, in particular, is one of the few most celebrated multi-ethnic cities in the world. Among the 1.8 million Vancouver residents, half of them are non-natives and one out of every four residents is from Asia. The 250,000 Chinese there have played a decisive role in the transformation of Vancouver's economy. Half of them have come to settle in Vancouver over the past five years only, rendering Vancouver the largest area outside Asia where the Chinese inhabit.1998年专八真题翻译答案The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it is, has enabled us to see many places, to visit old friends while making new acquaintances. Whenever people gather together, an important topic of discussion has been how the Chinese nation can become prosperous and powerful in the 21st century. Although the young people on the Mainland and in Taiwan live in different social contexts (environments / milieus), with their individually different experiences of life, in the innermost recesses of their hearts are wrought an indelible mark by the fine traditions of the Chinese culture. They all cherish the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation (They share the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation). In this great epoch at the turn of the century, our motherland is developing toward greater prosperity and powerfulness. People across the Taiwan Straits are bound to strengthen their exchanges and will mutually promote the earliest possible achievement of the great cause of reunification of the motherland. The precious opportunities and the tremendous challenges at the turn of the century have pushed the young people to the foreground (forefront) of the historical arena (stage). At this transitional phase between the two millennia, in what way the young generation should embrace the forthcoming new century replete with hopes is a question to which we have to seek an answer.1995年专八真题翻译答案However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is “important” and what is not.1997年专八真题翻译答案Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students who come to pursue their further education in the United States work on their studies most diligently and assiduously. Even on weekends, they would frequently spend one day, or even two days, to work overtime in their laboratories. Therefore, compared with their American counterparts, they are more academically fruitful. My supervisor is of Asian origin. He is addicted to alcohols and cigarettes, with a sharp/irritable temper. Nevertheless, he highly appreciates the industry and the solid foundational knowledge of Asian students and has a particularly keen insight into what Asian students have on their mind. Hence, of all the students recruited into his laboratory, except for one German, the other five were all from Asia. He even put an eye-catching notice on the door of his lab, which read, “All the research assistants of this laboratory are required to work 7 days a week, from 10:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.. Nothing but work during the working hours.” This supervisor is reputed on the entire campus for his severity and harshness. During the 3 and a half years that I stayed there, a total of 14 students were recruited into his laboratory and only 5 of them stayed until they graduated with their Ph.D. degrees. In the summer of 1990, ignoring the dissuasions from others, I accepted my supervisor’s sponsorship and embarked on my difficult journey of academic pursuit.1996年专八真题翻译答案In Paris, cocktail parties and buffet receptions of different kinds offer great opportunities for making friends. On such occasions, strangers may get to know each other. If they are Asians, they will, very respectfully and with both hands, present their calling cards to their interlocutors before any conversation starts. This seems to be the required courtesy on their part. The French, however, usually are not so ready with such a formality. Both sides will greet each other, and even chat casually about any topic and then excuse themselves. Only when they find they like each other and hope to further the relationship will they exchange cards. It will seem very unnatural to do so before any real conversation gets under way.。
2010年专八口译真题
2009.12 长安福特1.Together with my colleagues from Changan and Ford, I want to thank you for joining us during inauguration of the most advanced automotive manufacturing plant in China.我代表长安和福特集团的全体员工，感谢各位来参加中国最先进的汽车生产厂的落成典礼2.In just four short years, Changan Ford automobile have made phenomenal process in delivering great market success. This is the result of the shared vision and determination of the partners在短短的四年时间里，长安福特汽车公司在市场上获得巨大成功，这正是各位同仁达成共识，共同合作的结果。
3.The world's first automobile assembly line began operation of Ford’s plant over a hundred and six years ago. What a journey it has been since then, bring us all the way here to celebrate this milestone today.106年前，世界是第一条汽车装配生产线在福特工厂投入运营，时光荏苒，今天，我们在此庆祝这个里程碑的时刻，这是多么伟大的历程啊。
4.The pace of change will be unrelenting and we must be firm in our determination to bea company that not only delivers excellent products and services but also strive to make the world a better place to live.变化的脚步永不停止，我们要坚定信念，不仅仅要提供优良的产品和服务，还要创造一个更加美好的世界。
2010年英语专业八级真题及答案
2010年英语专业八级真题及答案PART IIREADING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)TEXT AStill, the image of any city has a half-life of many years. (So does its name, officially changed in 2001 from Calcutta to Kolkata, which is closer to what the word sounds like in Bengali. Conversing in English, I never heard anyone call the city anything but Calcutta.) To Westerners, the conveyance most identified with Kolkata is not its modern subway—a facility whose spacious stations have art on the walls and cricket matches on television monitors—but the hand-pulled rickshaw. Stories and films celebrate a primitive-looking cart with high wooden wheels, pulled by someone who looks close to needing the succor of Mother Teresa. For years the government has been talking about eliminating hand-pulled rickshaws on what it calls humanitarian grounds—principally on the ground that, as the mayor of Kolkata has often said, it is offensive to see “one man sweating and straining to pull another man.” But these days politicians also lament the impact of 6,000 hand-pulled rickshaws on a modern city’s traffic and, particularly, on its image. “Westerners try to associate beggars and these rickshaws with the Calcutta landscape, but this is not what Calcutta stands for,” the chief minister of West Bengal, Buddhad eb Bhattacharjee, said in a press conference in 2006. “Our city stands for prosperity and development.” The chief minister—the equivalent of a state governor—went on to announce that hand-pulled rickshaws soon would be banned from the streets of Kolkata.Rickshaws are not there to haul around tourists. (Actually, I saw almost no tourists in Kolkata, apart from the young backpackers on Sudder Street, in what used to be a red-light district and is now said to be the single place in the city where the services a rickshaw puller offers may include providing female company to a gentleman for the evening.) It’s the people in the lanes who most regularly use rickshaws—not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor. They are people who tend to travel short distances, through lanes that are sometimes inaccessible to even the most daring taxi driver. An older woman with marketing to do, for instance, can arrive in a rickshaw, have the rickshaw puller wait until she comes back from various stalls to load her purchases, and then be taken home. People in the lanes use rickshaws as a 24-hour ambulance service. Proprietors of cafés or corner stores send rickshaws to collect their supplies. (One morning I saw a rickshaw puller take on a load of live chickens—tied in pairs by the feet so they could be draped over the shafts and the folded back canopy and even the axle. By the time he trotted off, he was carrying about a hundred upside-down chickens.) The rickshaw pullers told me their steadiest customers are schoolchildren. Middle-class families contract with a puller to take a child to school and pick him up; the puller essentially becomes a family retainer.From June to September Kolkata can get torrential rains, and its drainage system doesn’t need torrential rai n to begin backing up. Residents who favor a touch of hyperbole say that in Kolkata “if a stray cat pees, there’s a flood.” During my stay it once rained for about 48 hours. Entire neighborhoods couldn’t be reached by motorized vehicles, and the newspapers showed pictures of rickshaws being pulled through water that was up to the pullers’ waists. When it’s raining, the normal customer base for rickshaw pullers expands greatly, as does the price of a journey. A writer in Kolkata told me, “When it rains, even the governor takes rickshaws.”While I was in Kolkata, a magazine called India Today published its annual ranking of Indian states, according to such measurements as prosperity and infrastructure. Among India’s 20 largest states, Bihar finished dead last, as it has for four of the past five years. Bihar, a couple hundred miles north of Kolkata, is where the vast majority of rickshaw pullers come from. Once in Kolkata, they sleep on the street or in their rickshaws or in a dera—a combination garage and repair shop and dormitory managed by someone called a sardar. For sleeping privileges in a dera, pullers pay 100 rupees (about $2.50) a month, which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera. They gross between 100 and 150 rupees a day, out of which they have to pay 20 rupees for the use of the rickshaw and an occasional 75 or more for a payoff if a policeman stops them for, say, crossing a street where rickshaws are prohibited. A 2003 study found that rickshaw pullers are near the bottom of Kolkata occupations in income, doing better than only the ragpickers and the beggars. For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar.There are people in Kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people, who will not ride in a rickshaw, because they are offended by the idea of being pulled by another human being or because they consider it not the sort of thing people of their station do or because they regard the hand-pulled rickshaw as a relic of colonialism. Ironically, some of those people are not enthusiastic about banning rickshaws. The editor of the editorial pages of Kolkata’s Telegraph—Rudrangshu Mukherjee, a former academic who still writes history books—told me, for instance, that he sees humanitarian considerations as coming down on the side of keeping hand-pulled rickshaws on the road. “I refuse to be carried by another human being myself,” he said, “but I question whether we have the right to take away their livelihood.” Rickshaw supporters point out that when it comes to demeaning occupations, rickshaw pullers are hardly unique in Kolkata.When I asked one rickshaw puller if he thought the government’s plan to rid the city of rickshaws was based on a genuine interest in his welfare, he smiled, with a quick shake of his head—a gesture I interpreted to mean, “If you are so naive as to ask such a question, I will answer it, but it is not worth wasting words on.” Some rickshaw pullers I met were resigne d to the imminent end of their livelihoodand pin their hopes on being offered something in its place. As migrant workers, they don’t have the political clout enjoyed by, say, Kolkata’s sidewalk hawkers, who, after supposedly being scaled back at the beginning of the modernization drive, still clog the sidewalks, selling absolutely everything—or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas. “The government was the government of the poor people,” one sardar told me. “Now they shake hands with the capitalists and try to get rid of poor people.”But others in Kolkata believe that rickshaws will simply be confined more strictly to certain neighborhoods, out of the view of World Bank traffic consultants and California investment delegations—or that they will be allowed to die out naturally as they’re supplanted by more modern conveyances. Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, after all, is not the first high West Bengal official to say that rickshaws would be off the streets of Kolkata in a matter of months. Similar statements have been made as far back as 1976. The ban decreed by Bhattacharjee has been delayed by a court case and by a widely held belief that some retraining or social security settlement ought to be offered to rickshaw drivers. It may also have been delayed by a quiet reluctance to give up something that has been part of the fabric of the city for more than a century. Kolkata, a resident told me, “has difficulty letting go.” One day a city official handed me a report from the municipal government laying out options for how rickshaw pullers might be rehabilitated.“Which option has been chosen?” I asked, noting that the report was dated almost exactly a year before my visit.“That hasn’t been decided,” he said.“When will it be decided?”“That hasn’t been decided,” he said.11. According to the passage, rickshaws are used in Kolkata mainly for the following EXCEPTA. taking foreign tourists around the city.B. providing transport to school children.C. carrying store supplies and purchasesD. carrying people over short distances.12. Which of the following statements best describes the rickshaw pullers from Bihar?A. They come from a relatively poor area.B. They are provided with decent accommodation.C. Their living standards are very low in Kolkata.D. They are often caught by policemen in the streets.13. That “For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar” (4 paragraph) means that even so,A. the poor prefer to work and live in Bihar.B. the poor from Bihar fare better than back home.C. the poor never try to make a living in Bihar.D. the poor never seem to resent their life in Kolkata.14. We can infer from the passage that some educated and politically aware peopleA. hold mixed feelings towards rickshaws.B. strongly support the ban on rickshaws.C. call for humanitarian actions fro rickshaw pullers.D. keep quiet on the issue of banning rickshaws.15. Which of the following statements conveys the author’s sense of humor?A. “…not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor.” (2 paragraph)B. “…,.which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera.” (4 paragraph)C. Kolkata, a resident told me, “ has difficulty letting go.” (7 paragraph).D.“…or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas.” (6 paragraph)16. The dialogue between the author and the city official at the end of the passage seems to suggestA. the uncertainty of the court’s decision.B. the inefficiency of the municipal government.C. the difficulty of finding a good solution.D. the slowness in processing options.TEXT BDepending on whom you believe, the average American will, over a lifetime, wait in lines for two years (says National Public Radio) or five years (according to customer-loyalty experts).The crucial word is average, as wealthy Americans routinely avoid lines altogether. Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers(people who still believe in and practice waiting in lines). Poor suckers, mostly.Airports resemble France before the Revolution: first-class passengers enjoy "élite" security lines and priority boarding, and disembark before the unwashed in coach, held at bay by a flight a ttendant, are allowed to foul the Jetway.At amusement parks, too, you can now buy your way out of line. This summer I haplessly watched kids use a $52 Gold Flash Pass to jump the lines at Six Flags New England, and similar systems are in use inmost major American theme parks, from Universal Orlando to Walt Disney World, where the haves get to watch the have-mores breeze past on their way to their seats.Flash Pass teaches children a valuable lesson in real-world economics: that the rich are more important than you, especially when it comes to waiting. An NBA player once said to me, with a bemused chuckle of disbelief, that when playing in Canada--get this--"we have to wait in the same customs line as everybody else."Almost every line can be breached for a price. In several U.S. cities this summer, early arrivers among the early adopters waiting to buy iPhones offered to sell their spots in the lines. On Craigslist, prospective iPhone purchasers offered to pay "waiters" or "placeholders" to wait in line for them outside Apple stores.Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have seen the value of sort-of waiting in lines with the ordinary people. This summer Philadelphia mayor John Street waited outside an AT&T store from 3:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. before a stand-in from his office literally stood in for the mayor while he conducted official business. And billionaire New York mayor Michael Bloomberg often waits for the subway with his fellow citizens, though he's first driven by motorcade past the stop nearest his house to a station 22 blocks away, where the wait, or at least the ride, is shorter.As early as elementary school, we're told that jumping the line is an unethical act, which is why so many U.S. lawmakers have framed the immigration debate as a kind of fundamental sin of the school lunch line. Alabama Senator Richard Shelby, to cite just one legislator, said amnesty would allow illegal immigrants "to cut in line ahead of millions of people."Nothing annoys a national lawmaker more than a person who will not wait in line, unless that line is in front of an elevator at the U.S. Capitol, where Senators and Representatives use private elevators, lest they have to queue with their constituents.But compromising the integrity of the line is not just antidemocratic, it's out-of-date. There was something about the orderly boarding of Noah's Ark, two by two, that seemed to restore not just civilization but civility during the Great Flood.How civil was your last flight? Southwest Airlines has first-come, first-served festival seating. But for $5 per flight, an unaffiliated company called will secure you a coveted "A" boarding pass when that airline opens for online check-in 24 hours before departure. Thus, the savvy traveler doesn't even wait in line when he or she is online.Some cultures are not renowned for lining up. Then again, some cultures are too adept at lining up: a citizen of the former Soviet Union would join a queue just so he could get to the head of that queue and see what everyone was queuing for.And then there is the U.S., where society seems to be cleaving into two groups: Very Important Persons, who don't wait, and Very Impatient Persons, who do--unhappily.For those of us in the latter group-- consigned to coach, bereft of Flash Pass, too poor or proper to pay a placeholder --what do we do? We do what Vladimir and Estragon did in Waiting for Godot: "We wait. We are bored."17. What does the following sentence mean? “Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly bec oming the exclusive province of suckers…Poor suckers, mostly.” (2 paragraph)A. Lines are symbolic of America’s democracy.B. Lines still give Americans equal opportunities.C. Lines are now for ordinary Americans only.D. Lines are for people with democratic spirit only.18. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of breaching the line?A. Going through the customs at a Canadian airport.B. Using Gold Flash Passes in amusement parks.C. First-class passenger status at airports.D. Purchase of a place in a line from a placeholder.19. We can infer from the passage that politicians (including mayors and Congressmen)A. prefer to stand in lines with ordinary people.B. advocate the value of waiting in lines.C. believe in and practice waiting in lines.D. exploit waiting in lines for their own good.20. What is the tone of the passage?A. Instructive.B. Humorous.C. Serious.D. Teasing.TEXT CA bus took him to the West End, where, among the crazy coloured fountains of illumination, shattering the blue dusk with green and crimson fire, he found the café of his choice, a tea-shop that had gone mad and turned. Bbylonian, a while palace with ten thousand lights. It towered above the other building like a citadel, which indeed it was, the outpost of a new age, perhaps a new civilization, perhaps a new barbarism; and behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel, just as behind the careless profusion of luxury were millions of pence, balanced to the last halfpenny. Somewhere in thebackground, hidden away, behind the ten thousand llights and acres of white napery and bewildering glittering rows of teapots, behind the thousand waitresses and cash-box girls and black-coated floor managers and temperamental long-haired violinists, behind the mounds of cauldrons of stewed steak, the vanloads of ices, were a few men who went to work juggling with fractions of a farming, who knew how many units of electricity it took to finish a steak-and-kidney pudding and how many minutes and seconds a waitress( five feet four in height and in average health) would need to carry a tray of given weight from the kitchen life to the table in the far corner. In short, there was a warm, sensuous, vulgar life flowering in the upper storeys, and a cold science working in the basement. Such as the gigantic tea-shop into which Turgis marched, in search not of mere refreshment but of all the enchantment of unfamiliar luxury. Perhaps he knew in his heart that men have conquered half the known world, looted whole kingdoms, and never arrived in such luxury. The place was built for him.It was built for a great many other people too, and, as usual, they were al there. It seemed with humanity. The marble entrance hall, piled dizzily with bonbons and cakes, was as crowded and bustling as a railway station. The gloom and grime of the streets, the raw air, all November, were at once left behind, forgotten: the atmosphere inside was golden, tropical, belonging to some high mid-summer of confectionery. Disdaining the lifts, Turgis, once more excited by the sight, sound, and smell of it all, climbed the wide staircase until he reached his favourite floor, whre an orchestra, led by a young Jewish violinist with wandering lustrous eyes and a passion for tremolo effects, acted as a magnet to a thousand girls, scented air, the sensuous clamour of the strings; and, as he stood hesitating a moment, half dazed, there came, bowing, s sleek grave man, older than he was and far more distinguished than he could ever hope to be, who murmured deferentially: “ For one, sir? This way, please,” Shyly, yet proudly, Turgis followed him.21. That “behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel” suggests thatA. modern realistic commercialism existed behind the luxurious appearance.B. there was a fundamental falseness in the style and the appeal of the café..C. the architect had made a sensible blend of old and new building materials.D. the café was based on physical foundations and real economic strength.22. The following words or phrases are somewhat critical of the tea-shop EXCEPTA. “…turned Babylonian”.B. “perhaps a new barbarism’.C. “acres of white napery”.D. “balanced to the last halfpenny”.23. In its context the statement that “ the place was built for him” means that the café was intended toA. please simple people in a simple way.B. exploit gullible people like him.C. satisfy a demand that already existed.D. provide relaxation for tired young men.24. Which of the following statements about the second paragraph is NOT true?A. The café appealed to most senses simultaneously.B. The café was both full of people and full of warmth.C. The inside of the café was contrasted with the weather outside.D. It stressed the commercial determination of the café owners.25. The following are comparisons made by the author in the second paragraph EXCEPT thatA. the entrance hall is compared to a railway station.B. the orchestra is compared to a magnet.C. Turgis welcomed the lift like a conquering soldier.D. the interior of the café is compared to warm countries.26. The author’s attitude to the café isA. fundamentally critical.B. slightly admiring.C. quite undecided.D. completely neutral.TEXT DI Now elsewhere in the world, Iceland may be spoken of, somewhat breathlessly, as wester n Europe’s last pristine wilderness. But the environmental awareness that is sweeping the world had bypassed the majority of Icelanders. Certainly they were connected to their land, the way one is complicatedly connected to, or encumbered by, family one ca n’t do anything about. But the truth is, once you’re off the beat-en paths of the low-lying coastal areas where everyone lives, the roads are few, and they’re all bad, so Iceland’s natural wonders have been out of reach and unknown even to its own inhab-itants. For them the land has always just been there, something that had to be dealt with and, if possible, exploited—the mind-set being one of land as commodity rather than land as, well, priceless art on the scale of the “Mona Lisa.”When the opportunity arose in 2003 for the national power company to enter into a 40-year contract with the American aluminum company Alcoa to supply hydroelectric power for a new smelter, thosewho had been dreaming of some-thing like this for decades jumped at it and never looked back. Iceland may at the moment be one of the world’s richest countries, with a 99 percent literacy rate and long life expectancy. But the proj-ect’s advocates, some of them getting on in years, were more emotionally attuned to the country’s century u pon century of want, hardship, and colonial servitude to Denmark, which officially had ended only in 1944 and whose psychological imprint remained relatively fresh. For the longest time, life here had meant little more than a sod hut, dark all winter, cold, no hope, children dying left and right, earthquakes, plagues, starvation, volcanoes erupting and destroying all vegeta-tion and livestock, all spirit—a world revolving almost entirely around the welfare of one’s sheep and, later, on how good the cod catch was. In the outlying regions, it still largely does.Ostensibly, the Alcoa project was intended to save one of these dying regions—the remote and sparsely populated east—where the way of life had steadily declined to a point of desperation and gloom. After fishing quotas were imposed in the early 1980s to protect fish stocks, many indi-vidual boat owners sold their allotments or gave them away, fishing rights ended up mostly in the hands of a few companies, and small fishermen were virtually wiped out. Technological advances drained away even more jobs previously done by human hands, and the people were seeing every-thing they had worked for all their lives turn up worthless and their children move away. With the old way of life doomed, aluminum projects l ike this one had come to be perceived, wisely or not, as a last chance. “Smelter or death.”The contract with Alcoa would infuse the re-gion with foreign capital, an estimated 400 jobs, and spin-off service industries. It also was a way for Iceland to develop expertise that potentially could be sold to the rest of the world; diversify an economy historically dependent on fish; and, in an appealing display of Icelandic can-do verve, perhaps even protect all of Iceland, once and for all, from the unpredictability of life itself.“We have to live,” Halldór Ásgrímsson said in his sad, sonorous voice. Halldór, a former prime minister and longtime member of parliament from the region, was a driving force behind the project. “We have a right to live.”27. According to the passage, most Icelanders view land as something ofA. environmental value.B. commercial value.C. potential value for tourism.D. great value for livelihood.28. What is Iceland’s old-aged advocates’ feeling towards the Alcoa project?A. Iceland is wealthy enough to reject the project.B. The project would lower life expectancy.C. The project would cause environmental problems.D. The project symbolizes and end to the colonial legacies.29. The disappearance of the old way of life was due to all the following EXCEPTA. fewer fishing companies.B. fewer jobs available.C. migration of young people.D. impostion of fishing quotas.30. The 4 paragraph in the passageA. sums up the main points of the passage.B. starts to discuss an entirely new point.C. elaborates on the last part of the 3 paragraph.D. continues to depict the bleak economic situation.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.31. Which of the following statements in INCORRECT?A. The British constitution includes the Magna Carta of 1215.B. The British constitution includes Parliamentary acts.C. The British constitution includes decisions made by courts of law.D. The British constitution includes one single written constitution.32. The first city ever founded in Canada isA. Quebec.B. Vancouver.C. Toronto.D. Montreal.33. When did the Australian Federation officially come into being?A. 1770.B. 1788.C. 1900.D. 1901.34. The Emancipation Proclamation to end the slavery plantation system in the South of the U.S. was issued byA. Abraham Lincoln.B. Thomas Paine.C. George Washington.D. Thomas Jefferson.35. ________ is best known for the technique of dramatic monologue in his poems..A. Will BlakeB. W.B. YeatsC. Robert BrowningD. William Wordsworth36. The Financier is written byA. Mark Twain.B. Henry James.C. William Faulkner.D. Theodore Dreiser.37. In literature a story in verse or prose with a double meaning is defined asA. allegory.B. sonnet.C. blank verse.D. rhyme.38. ________ refers to the learning and development of a language.A. Language acquisitionB. Language comprehensionC. Language productionD. Language instruction39. The word “ Motel” comes from “motor + hotel”. This is an example of________ in morphology.A. backformationB. conversionC. blendingD. acronym40. Language i s t tool of communication. The symbol “ Highway Closed” on a highway servesA. an expressive function.B. an informative function.C. a performative function.D. a p=ersuasive function.Part IV Proofreading & Error Correction (15 min)The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word,underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the bla nk provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a "∧" sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a unnecessary word,cross the unnecessary word with a slash "/" and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLEWhen ∧ art museum wants a new exhibit,it buys things in finished form and hangsthem on the wall. When a natural historymuseum wants an exhibition, it must often build it.So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally complete and perfect asinstruments of communication: that is, every language appears to be well equipped asany other to say the things their speakers want to say.There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive peoples or cultures, butthat is another matter. Certainly, not all groups of people are equally competent innuclear physics or psychology or the cultivation of rice or the engraving of Benaresbrass. Whereas this is not the fault of their language. The Eskimos can speak aboutsnow with a great deal more precision and subtlety than we can in English, but this isnot because the Eskimo language (one of those sometimes miscalled 'primitive') isinherently more precise and subtle than English. This example does not come to light adefect in English, a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position is simply andobviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar environments. The Englishlanguage will be just as rich in terms for similar kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in which English was habitually used made such distinction asimportant.Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could be as precise。
1997-2010年英语专八翻译真题及答案
1997年:English to ChineseOpera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are inevitably the province（范围）of the rich unless we abdicate（退位、放弃）society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible（易接近的，可达到的）to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives（必要的）of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse（冲动）towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation（表述、陈述）is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment（完成、成就）in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones（标准、试金石）for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire（立志、追求目标、渴望）; they carry the most profound （深厚的、深刻的）messages that can be sent from one human to another.欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈：你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。
英语专业八级翻译真题
2010专八翻译真题1．英译汉；that it was Easter Sunday，I thought that it was a Sunday morning in May．I was standing，as it seemed to me，and as yet very early in the morningat the door of my own cottage．Right before me lay the very scene which could really be commanded from that situation，but exalted, as was usual，and solemnized by the power of dreams． There were the same mountains，； but the mountains were raised to and the same lovely valley at their feetmore than Alpine height，；and there was interspaced far larger between them of savannahs and forest lawnsthe hedges were rich with white roses；and no living creature was to be seen, excepting that in the green churchyard there were cattle tranquilly reposing upon the verdant graves，，just and particularly round about the grave of a child whom I had once tenderly lovedas I had really seen them，a little before sunrise，in the same summer when that child died. 我想那是五月的一个周日的早晨；那天是复活节，一个大清早上。
2006---2010年英语专八翻译真题及答案
2006年：英译汉：I have nothing to offer but blood，toil，tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal ofthe most grievous kind. We have before us many，many months of struggle and suffering. Y ou ask，what is our aim？I can answer in one word，it is victory. V ictory at all costsvictory in spiteof all terrors——victory，however long and hard the road may be，for without victory there is no survival. Let that be realized，no survival for the British Empire，no survival for all that British Empire has stood for ，no survival for the urge，the impulse of the ages，that mankind shall more forward toward his goal. I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel entitled at this juncture，at this time，to claim the aid of all and to say，“Come then，let us go forward together with our unitedstrength.我能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、泪水和汗水。
1997-2010年英语专八翻译真题及答案
1997年:English to ChineseOpera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are inevitably the province（范围）of the rich unless we abdicate（退位、放弃）society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible（易接近的，可达到的）to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives（必要的）of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse（冲动）towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation（表述、陈述）is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment（完成、成就）in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones（标准、试金石）for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire（立志、追求目标、渴望）; they carry the most profound （深厚的、深刻的）messages that can be sent from one human to another.欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈：你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。
专八历年真题翻译(2005~2010)
2005 TranslationChinese to English一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。
古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白浪费掉。
我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家大、思想家等等都莫不如此。
What is the significance of life? Is there any gauge to measure it? It would be very difficult,of course, trying to propose an absolute standard. However, the significance of’s oe n x e istence canmore or less be evaluated by examining his attitude toward life and work.Since ancient times, all people of accomplishment have been very serious about their lives.While they are alive, even if there is only one day left to live, they try to work as hard as they can and learn as much as possible, never letting a single day slip by without any gain. This is true ofthe working people as well as of the great statesmen and great thinkers in our history.English to ChineseIt is simple enough to say that since books have —c la—ss f i e c t s i on ，b i ography ，poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is rightthat each should give us. Yet fewpeople ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurredand divided mind，s ask i ng of f i c ti on t ha t it sha ll be t rue ，of poe t ry t ha t it sha ll be fa l se ，ofbiography that it sha l be flattering ，of history that it sha l enforce our own prejudices. If wecould banish all such preconceptions when we read，that would be an admirable beginning. Do notdictate to your autho；r try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice. If you hang back，and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible valuefrom what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints ofalmost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into thepresence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this ，and soon you wi l find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, so mething farmore definite.但是，极少有人在读书时曾想过书能赋予我们什么。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
1．英译汉
I thought that it was a Sunday morning in May；that
it was Easter Sunday，and as yet very early in the morning．I was standing，as it seemed to me，at the door of my own cottage．Right before me lay the very scene which could really be commanded from that situation，but exalted, as was usual，and solemnized by the power of dreams．There were the same mountains，and the same lovely valley at their feet；but the mountains were raised to more than Alpine height，and there was interspaced far larger between them of savannahs and forest lawns；the hedges were rich with white roses；and no living creature was to be seen, excepting that in the green churchyard there were cattle tranquilly reposing upon the verdant graves，and particularly round about the grave of a child whom I had once tenderly loved，just as I had really seen them，a little before sunrise，in the same summer when that child died.
我想那是五月的一个周日的早晨；那天是复活节，一个大清早上。
我站在自家小屋的门口。
就在我的面前展现出了那么一番景色，从我那个位置其实能够尽收眼底，可是梦里的感觉往往如此，由于梦幻的力量，
这番景象显得超凡出尘，一派肃穆气象。
群山形状相同，其山脚下都有着同样可爱的山谷；不过群山挺然参天，高于阿尔卑斯峰，诸山相距空旷，丰草如茵，林地开阔，错落其间；树篱上的白玫瑰娟娟弥望；远近看不见任何生物，唯有苍翠的教堂庭院里，牛群静静地卧躺在那片郁郁葱葱的墓地歇息，好几头围绕着一个小孩的坟墓。
我曾对她一腔柔情，那年夏天是在旭日东升的前一刻，那孩子死去了，我如同当年那样
望着牛群。
2．汉译英
朋友之间，情趣相投、脾气对味则合、则交，反之，则离、则绝。
朋友之间再熟悉、再亲密，也不能随便过头、不恭不敬，这样，默契和平衡将被打破，
友好关系将不复存在。
每个人都希望拥有自己的一片私密空间，朋友之间过于随便，就容易侵入这片禁区，从而引起冲突，造成隔阂。
待友不敬，有时或许只是一件小事，却可能已埋下了破坏性的种子。
维持朋友亲密关系的最好办法是往来有节，互不干涉.
For the relationship between friends, similar habits and tempers help to make it closer; on the other hand,
opposite ones leave distance from each other. No matter how familiar and intimate the friends are, the relationship should be treated carefully and respect should be
treasured for friends. Otherwise, the partnership and balance would be broken, as a result, a good relationship
would no longer exist.
Everyone has a desire for his own personal space, which could be easily invaded if the attitude between friends is too free. Then conflicts appear, causing barriers. Although it seems a small case of not respecting friends, harmful seeds may be sowed to ruin the relationship. In a word, the best way to keep positive friendship is
associating with temperate manners and without too
much interference.。