最新近三年高考英语语法真题分类汇编(5):代词、介词与介词短语(2)
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最新近三年高考英语语法真题分类汇编(5):代词、介词与介词短语1
一、2020年高考真题
1.(2020·新课标I卷语法填空)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
69.【答案】much
【解析】考查形容词。句意:关于月亮构成的数据,比如它含有多少水和其他财富,可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词,应使用much修饰,故填much。
70.【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知,此处应使用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。
2.(2020·新课标I卷短文改错)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove,I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.
【答案】将off改为on
【解析】考查介词。句意:之后我把油倒进一个平底锅,然后开火。根据I poured oil into a pan及常识可知,把油倒进锅里后应是打开炉子,所以此处应使用短语turn on,故将off改为n。
3.(2020·新课标I卷短文改错)"Not that way,"my mom tried to stop us but failed. 【答案】将us改为me
【解析】考查代词。句意:“不是那样。”我的妈妈尽力阻止我,但是失败了。根据上文可知,是作者一个人做菜,此处指妈妈尽力阻止“我”,应使用第一人称单数的宾格,故将us改为me。
4.(2020·新课标II卷语法填空)Oranges: Orange trees are more 64 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.
【答案】than
【解析】考查短语。句意:桔子树不仅仅是装饰品;more than不仅仅,不只是。故填than。
5.(2020·新课标II卷短文改错)Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day.
【答案】去掉on
【解析】考查介词。句意:我们就可以每天一起练习。介词on后接的是具体时间。every day 译为“每一天”,前不能用有任何介词修饰。故on多余,应去掉。
6.(2020·新课标II卷短文改错)Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China.
【答案】将yours改为your
【解析】考查代词。句意:祝你在中国学习功夫好运。分析句子,best luck of you 译为“祝你好运”是固定短语。故将your改为you。句中的yours为名词性物主代词,不可修饰后面的动名词。故将yours改为your。
6.(2020·新课标III卷语法填空)The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist 70.earth, Mother Nature.
【答案】on
【解析】考查介词。句意:这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。
7. (2020·江苏卷单项填空)Taking on this challenge will bring you _____ someone who shares your interests.
A. in exchange for
B. in answer to
C. in contact with
D. in memory of
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:接受这个挑战会让你和你有共同兴趣的人接触。A. in exchange for作为交换;B. in answer to回答;C. in contact with接触,与……有联系;D. in memory of纪念。根据空后someone who shares your interests及常识可知,此处指“和与你有共同兴趣的人接触”。故选C。
8. (2020·江苏卷单项填空)This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ______.
A. whichever
B. whenever
C. wherever
D. whatever
【答案】D
【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意:这个演员通常在表演前就已经计划好了前两个技巧,然后全力以赴。A. whichever无论哪个;B. whenever无论何时;C. wherever无论何地;D. whatever 无论什么。分析句子成分可知,此处做goes for的宾语,指代“任何事情”,whatever符合语境。故选D。
9.(2020·天津卷单项填空)For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ______ a monkey. A.in the shape ofB.beyond the reach of
C.at the mercy ofD.on the side of
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:我五岁生日的时候,妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。
A. in the shape of呈……形状;
B. beyond the reach of超出……的能力之外
C. at the mercy of 受……的支配;
D. on the side of拥护……,站在……的一边。蛋糕是猴子“形状”的。故选A。
10.(2020·山东卷语法填空)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42.(they) living at a different time in history or 43(walking)(walk)through a rainforest.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors,意为“他们自己”,应使用反身代词。故填themselves。