大学英语语法专题之定语从句

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大学英语定语从句汇总

大学英语定语从句汇总

定语从句定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

关系词引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等,绝对没有WHAT;关系副词有where, when, why等。

关系词常有3个作用:①连接作用,引导定语从句。

②代替主句中的先行词,甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。

③在定语从句中充当一句子成分。

注:关系代词有主语、宾语之分。

一般whom作为宾语。

关系代词在从句中作主语,宾语,表语,定语等,关系副词在从句中作地点状语,时间状语,原因状语等。

定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。

主要由形容词担任,此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。

单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。

短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。

先行词被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。

关系代词关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

who指人在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 在踢足球的男孩们是一班的.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 昨天,我帮助了一个迷路的老人.whom指人在定语从句中充当宾语,常省略。

(注:who和whom已无太大区别,基本可以通用。

唯一区别是who可以做主语而whom不可以。

大学英语语法应用教程-从句(Clause)

大学英语语法应用教程-从句(Clause)

从句(Clause)
If two numbers are to be added, it does not matter in which order they are added. 若要把两个数加起来,那么按哪种顺序相加是没有关系的。(需要注意的是,连接代词which并没有位于主语从句句首, 因为它在从句中作介词in的介词宾语和order的定语。而且,不要把由which引导的主语从句误认为是介词宾语从句。) It follows from Maxwell’s hypothesis that whenever there netic field is produced. 由麦克斯韦假设可知,每当电场发生变化时就产生磁场。 (it follows that … 意为“由此得知……;因此”。) It happened that she was out when he called.( = She happened to be out when … ) 他打电话时,她恰巧不在家。(It happens that可译成“碰巧,恰巧;发生”。)
从句(Clause)
3) 表语从句 主要位于系动词be之后的表语从句最为常见,当然,也可用seem, sound等。例如: The present conception of the general structure of the atom is that it consists of a kind of solar system. 现在对 原子的一般结构的看法是:它是由一种太阳系构成的。 All indications are that the need for skilled people in the field of electronics will grow in this new decade. 所有 的迹象表明,在这新的十年中对电子学领域熟练人员的需求量将会增长。 That is how a computer works. 这就是计算机的工作原理。 (本句中的that应译为“这”;how从句一般可译成“……的原理,……是如何……”) Predictions are that electronics will continue to grow at a rapid rate for some time to come. 预测表明,在未来 一段时期内电子学将会继续高速发展。 (That is why … 要译成“这就是……的理由;这就是为什么……;因此……”。) My plan is that we will finish the project by the end of the year. 我的计划是我们年底结束这个项目。 The conclusion of the discussion is that the proposal cannot be accepted. 讨论的结果是这个提议不能被接受。 在个别情况下,状语从句也可充当表语从句(特别是句型this is because … )。如: This is because you has been absent all the term. 这是因为你整个一学期缺勤的缘故。

(完整版)定语从句语法详解

(完整版)定语从句语法详解

定语从句语法专题(Attributive Clauses)教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

在句中做定语,被修饰的名词或代词,叫做先行词。

从句通常放在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导。

其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

eg She is the girl(who got the first prize.)girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。

the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。

二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as(主, 宾, 定)关系副词: when, where, why.(状语)2.关系词的作用:(1)引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用;(2)代替先行词在句中充当成分。

(完整版)定语从句知识点大全

(完整版)定语从句知识点大全

(完整版)定语从句知识点大全什么是定语从句?定语从句是英语中常用的一种修饰句子成分的从句形式。

它通常用来修饰名词或代词,在句子中起定语的作用。

定语从句一般由关系代词或关系副词引导,并且与被修饰的名词或代词有一定的关系。

关系代词的用法关系代词用来代替先行词,并引导定语从句。

常用的关系代词有:- who: 指人,作主语- whom: 指人,作宾语- which: 指物,作主语或宾语- whose: 所有格,指人或物- that: 指人或物,作主语或宾语关系副词的用法关系副词用来引导定语从句,并表示地点、时间、原因等关系。

常用的关系副词有:- where: 表示地点- when: 表示时间- why: 表示原因定语从句的形式定语从句可以是限制性的,也可以是非限制性的。

限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是对先行词进行限定和修饰的从句,如果去掉,整个句子的意思就不完整或失去了关键信息。

限制性定语从句通常使用关系代词和关系副词引导,关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语。

非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句是对先行词进行补充说明,它对整个句子的意思并不具有限制作用,就算去掉也不会影响主句的表达。

非限制性定语从句通常使用逗号将其和主句隔开,关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语。

定语从句的位置定语从句可以放在先行词之后,也可以放在先行词之前。

定语从句的例句- I have a friend who lives in New York.(非限制性定语从句)- The book that you borrowed is on the desk.(限制性定语从句)以上就是关于定语从句的一些基本知识点。

定语从句在英语语法中是一个重要的内容,掌握好定语从句的用法可以有效地提升我们的写作水平。

希望本文对您有所帮助!。

定语从句相关知识点总结

定语从句相关知识点总结

定语从句相关知识点总结一、定语从句的概念。

1. 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

- 例如:I like the book which/that is very interesting. 其中“book”是先行词,“which/that is very interesting”是定语从句,用来修饰“book”。

二、关系代词的用法。

1. that.- 既可以指人也可以指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。

- 当先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时,关系代词用that。

- 例如:All that can be done has been done.(先行词是“All”,关系代词“that”在从句中作主语)- 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词用that。

- 例如:This is the best film that I have ever seen.(先行词“film”被最高级“the best”修饰,关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语,可省略)- 当先行词被the only, the very, the same等修饰时,关系代词用that。

- 例如:This is the very book that I want.(先行词“book”被“the very”修饰,关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语)2. which.- 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。

- 例如:The book which/that is on the desk is mine.(“which/that”在从句中作主语);I like the book which/that you lent me.(“which/that”在从句中作宾语)- 在非限制性定语从句(从句与主句之间用逗号隔开)中,只能用which,不能用that。

大学定语从句总结用法大全

大学定语从句总结用法大全

大学定语从句总结用法大全一、定义:定语从句是修饰一个名词或代词的从句,在从句中充当定语。

二、关系代词的引导词:1. 关系代词:• 指人:who, whom, that• 指物:which, that• 指人或物:whose2. 关系代词的用法:• 用作主语:The student who is sitting next to me is my best friend.• 用作宾语补足语:I have a lot of friends whom I can rely on.• 用作定语:We visited the museum, which was built in 1920.• 用作表语:This is the house that I live in.• 用作介词宾语:This is the pen with which I like to write.三、关系副词的引导词:1. 关系副词:• 地点:where• 时间:when• 原因:why2. 关系副词的用法:• 用来引导地点状语从句:I still remember the house where I grew up.• 用来引导时间状语从句:I will never forget the day when we met.• 用来引导原因状语从句:She didn't tell me the reason why she was crying.四、定语从句的句型:1. 限制性定语从句:• 介词+关系代词引导:This is the car in which I had my first driving lesson.• 多个从句连接:The room where he works and sleeps is very small.• 先行词被all, much, everything等修饰:I appreciate everything that you have done for me.2. 非限制性定语从句:• 逗号隔开:I bought a new laptop, which is very powerful.• 用which或who引导:Tom, who is my brother, lives in London.五、定语从句的注意事项:1. 指代不明确时用which而不用that:I lost my phone, which is very expensive.2. 指代人时用who或whom而不用that:The girl who is singing is my sister.3. 指代整个句子时用which而不用that:The weather is good, which makes me happy.4. 先行词被最高级修饰时,用关系副词引导:This is the most beautiful place where I have ever been.5. 当从句中有介词时,关系代词不能省略:The book on which she is reading is very interesting.六、练题:1. He is the person _______ helped me with my homework yesterday. (who/whom/which)3. This is the book _______ I told you about. (which/that/who)4. I will never forget the day _______ we met. (where/when/why)5. The city _______ he was born in is famous for its historical sites. (that/which/where)以上是大学定语从句总结用法大全,希望对你有帮助。

英语语法之定语从句专项讲解

英语语法之定语从句专项讲解

英语语法之定语从句专项讲解英语语法之《定语从句》定语从句通常分为两类:限制性和非限制性定语从句。

I.限制性定语从句1.关系代词who的省略1)当从句的动词为be,表语为以-able结尾的形容词,则关系代词和be通常均可省略。

例如:The only person (who was) visible was a policeman.唯一能看见的人是一位警察。

2)当从句的动词使用进行时态时,be和关系代词均可省略,变为分词短语作定语:The man (who was) driving the lorry was drunk.开这辆卡车的司机醉了。

The woman (who is ) holding a baby in her arms is waiting to see the doctor.怀里抱一个孩子的那个妇女在等着看医生。

The boy (who is) sitting in the corner is my nephew.坐在角落里的那个男孩是我的外甥。

3)当从句的动词为通常不使用进行时态的动词时,可以将关系代词去掉,变为分词短语:Anyone wishing (=who wishes) to leave early may do so.愿意早走的人请自便。

Anyone knowing (=who knows) anything about the crime is asked to communicate with the police.知情人须和警察联系。

4)口头语言中,there is/was,it is/was后定语从句中作主语的关系代词常可省略:There‘s somebody at the door wants to see you.(=There's somebody who wants to see you at the door.)门口有人要见你Who was that called a few minutes ago?(=Who was that who called a few minutes ago?)几分钟前打电话来的那人是谁?2. whom介词后使用whom作宾语,但实际应用中常放从句前,由who或that代替,而将介词置于从句尾:The woman to whom I was talking didn’t understand much about the organization.= The woman who I was talking to didn’t...=The woman that I was talking to didn't….我和谈话的那位妇女对这个组织一无所知。

定语从句知识点总结详细

定语从句知识点总结详细

定语从句知识点总结详细一、定语从句的概念定语从句是一种对名词起修饰或限制作用的从句,它通常由关系词引导,用来进一步说明先行词的情况、属性或特征。

在句子中充当形容词,对名词进行修饰。

二、定语从句的用法1. 修饰名词定语从句通常用来修饰名词,对名词进行进一步的解释或者描述。

例如:The book that you recommended is very interesting.(你推荐的那本书非常有趣。

)2. 限制名词定语从句还可以作为限制性定语从句,用来对名词进行限定。

例如:I want to buy the pen which is on the table.(我想买桌子上的那支笔。

)三、定语从句的结构定语从句通常由关系代词或者关系副词引导,加上从句。

关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose等,关系副词有when, where, why等。

从句的结构可以是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等。

1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰人或物,其结构如下:that(指人或物)which(指物)who(指人)whom(指人)whose(表所有关系)2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰时间、地点、原因等,其结构如下:when(指时间)where(指地点)why(指原因)四、定语从句的关键词1. thatthat通常用来指代人或物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。

例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。

)2. whichwhich通常用来指代物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。

例如:I like the dress which you are wearing.(我喜欢你穿的那条裙子。

定语从句详解+例句

定语从句详解+例句

定语从句详解+例句定语从句是英语重点语法之一,几乎每个人在研究英语时都会遇到,也是高考、四级、六级等考试的重点,因此需要系统的掌握和练。

定语从句在英语中经常出现,用于修饰名词或代词,从而可以更加精准地表达意思。

以下是定语从句的详细解释和例句。

一、什么是定语从句定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词,从而使该名词或代词的含义更加精确。

在定语从句中,包含了一个关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose)或一个关系副词(where,when,why)等。

二、定语从句的种类1. 定义性定语从句定义性定语从句是限制性的定语从句。

它的作用是进一步说明名词的具体内容和范围。

这种定语从句中的关系代词一般用that/who/which。

例:The book which is on the desk is mine. (在桌子上的书是我的。

)2. 非定义性定语从句非定义性定语从句是非限制性的定语从句。

它用来为名词或代词提供附加的描述或补充信息。

这种定语从句中的关系代词一般用which/who。

例:My husband, who is a doctor, is very busy. (我丈夫是个医生,非常忙。

)三、定语从句的引导词1. 关系代词关系代词包括 that、which、who、whom、whose。

指物指人主格 which who宾格 which/ that whom/who形容词性物主代词 whose whose2. 关系副词关系副词有三个,分别是 when、where 和 why,表示时间、地点和原因。

四、定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在它所修饰的名词之后,用于对该名词进行限制或描述。

五、注意点1. 先行词需要同定语从句中的关系代词在性、数上保持一致。

2. 当先行词在定语从句中作为主语时,关系代词要使用主格形式 who 或者 that。

若先行词在定语从句中作为宾语,关系代词要使用宾格形式 whom 或者 that。

定语从句知识点归纳

定语从句知识点归纳

定语从句知识点归纳一、定语从句的定义定语从句(Adjective Clause)又称定语性从句,是由关系代词和关系副词所引导的,修饰名词或代词的一个从句。

定语从句一般在句中充当定语,但也有某些句型会将它置于句首,起补充说明之用。

二、定语从句中引导词的分类定语从句引导词有关系代词(口语中称为“指示代词”)和关系副词。

1.关系代词:定语从句中常用的关系代词有:who,whom,whose,which,that。

(1)who,whom,that指人,作主语、宾语均可。

(2)whose指人,作定语,表示所有格或“某人的”。

(3)which指物,特指物;作主语、宾语或表语;不可指人。

定语从句的关系副词主要有where,when,why,以及how,且多放于句首。

关系副词where(地点)、when(时间)指一段日期和地点,why(原因)指原因;how(方式)指方式、程度、顺序等。

三、空位句式定语从句中只有关系词,且关系词前无先行词时,叫做空位句式。

关系词就是用来做定语从句补充说明和替换先行词,所以如果没有先行词,关系词就有空位,里面什么都没有。

这种句式得特别注意:关系代词只能用that,不能既用which又用that,也对关系副词没有特别要求。

四、定语从句的用法及归纳定语从句一般在句中充当定语,但也有某些句型会将它置于句首,起补充说明之用,所以用法也就分为两大类:定语从句用法和补充说明用法。

(一)定语从句用法先行词用来修饰它所引导的定语从句,表示关系。

对于关系代词,依据作用位置和性质,分为定语从句作名词性定语,形容词性定语,和状语性定语:1、名词性定语,即修饰句中的名词或代词,先行词一般为名词和代词。

3、状语性定语,先行词一般为动词、形容词、副词,表示“时间、原因、地点、方式、条件、目的等状语”,关系代词一般是when, where, why, how等。

(二)补充说明用法定语从句也可用作补充说明,其用法也分两种:1、空位句式作补充说明,即在句首加入关系代词或副词,将定语从句放在句首,表示补充说明,而不定语性。

高考英语 定语从句知识点归纳讲解(课件)

高考英语 定语从句知识点归纳讲解(课件)

试卷讲评课件
▲ as通常以the same … as或such … as的形式引导定语从句,as在定 语从句中作主语、宾语或表语等。 as和which引导非限制性定语从句中都能指代整句内容,which译为“这”, as 译为“正如”。但定语从句位于句首时只能用as。As we all know,…/As is known to all,…(正如大家所知道….)
二、定语从句的关系词用法
试卷讲评课件
(一)关系代词:who、whom、which、that、whose、as
关系代词 who whom whose which that as
先行词 人 人
人/物 物
人/物 人/物
在从句中充当的成分 主语、宾语、表语
宾语 定语 主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语 主语、宾语、表语
三、非限制性定语从句
试卷讲评课件
非限定性定语从句,从句式上看,有逗号隔开。它既可以修饰先行词, 也可修饰整个句子。它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用,只起补充、 说明的作用。 1.非限制性定语从句通常不能用that 2. 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用for which代替why。例如: I had told them the reason,for which I didn't attend the meeting. 3. 非限制性定语从句置于句首时,不能用which引导。关系代词as引导 非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活,可以放主句前,也可以放主句后。
Tranquil/ˈtræŋkwəl/
试卷讲评课件
Li Shangyin(李商隐) 1.Li Shangyin was a Chinese poet of the late Tang Dynasty and born in Henei. 2.Li Shangyin was a typical late Tang poet. His works are sensuous, dense and allusive. 3.His most famous and cryptic poem is called Jin Se. sensuous/ˈsenʃuəs/ , dense/dens/ and allusive/əˈluːʒən/ .敏感、晦涩、含 沙射影。 Shangguan Wan'er(上官婉儿) 1. Shangguan Wan'er was a talented woman in Tang dynasty.

定语从句知识点总结

定语从句知识点总结

定语从句知识点总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要知识点,它在英语句子中起着修饰名词或代词的作用。

通过定语从句,我们可以对名词进行进一步的说明和限定,使句子更加丰富和具体。

在学习定语从句的知识点时,我们需要了解其构成、引导词、关系代词的用法以及注意事项等内容。

一、定语从句的构成。

定语从句由关系词引导,包括关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有,that, which, who, whom, whose等;关系副词有,where, when, why等。

定语从句一般紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面,用来对其进行进一步的说明和限定。

二、关系代词的用法。

1. that,用来指人或物,在限定性定语从句中既可以作主语也可以作宾语。

2. which,用来指物,在非限定性定语从句中作主语或宾语。

3. who,用来指人,在限定性定语从句中作主语或宾语。

4. whom,用来指人,在限定性定语从句中作宾语。

5. whose,表示所有关系,在定语从句中修饰名词。

三、关系副词的用法。

1. where,表示地点,在定语从句中作状语。

2. when,表示时间,在定语从句中作状语。

3. why,表示原因,在定语从句中作状语。

四、定语从句的注意事项。

1. 当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时,关系代词可以充当。

2. 当定语从句中缺少宾语时,关系代词可以省略。

3. 当定语从句中缺少主语时,关系代词不可以省略。

4. 当定语从句中缺少宾语时,关系代词不可以省略。

5. 当定语从句中缺少宾语时,关系代词不可以省略。

6. 当定语从句中缺少宾语时,关系代词不可以省略。

五、定语从句的例句。

1. The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.2. I have a friend who comes from Canada.3. This is the house where I was born.4. Do you know the reason why he is so happy?六、总结。

英语专四语法之定语从句

英语专四语法之定语从句

英语专四语法之定语从句
定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它用于描述或限定句子中的某个名词或代词。

定语从句通常由关系代词(如who, whom, whose, which, that)引导,这些代词在从句中分别作主语、宾语、所有格、指示词等。

定语从句的位置可以在名词前面或后面,它通常用于修饰一些特定的人、事、物或概念。

例如,我们可以说“the book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting”,这句话中“that I borrowed from the library”就是一个定语从句,用于修饰名词“book”。

在使用定语从句时,我们需要注意以下几点:
1. 关系代词的选择:不同的关系代词用于不同的情况,需要根
据先行词的性质和定语从句的意义来选择。

2. 从句的位置:定语从句可以放在名词前或名词后,但从句的
位置会影响句子的语调和语气。

3. 从句的语态:定语从句的语态需要与主句的语态保持一致,
如主句是被动语态,从句也需要使用被动语态。

定语从句是英语学习中的重点和难点之一,需要我们进行反复练习和巩固。

只有通过不断的实践和总结,我们才能掌握定语从句的用法和技巧,从而提高我们的英语语言能力。

- 1 -。

大学英语语法之定语从句

大学英语语法之定语从句
分; 4. when/where/why引导定语从句时,先行词必须与之匹配,即先行词
是表示“时间/地点/原因”的名词。
02
定语从句的分类
定语从句 请输入您的标题
Clic k Here To Add Title
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定从的分类
限制性定语从句
无逗号隔开
非限制性定语从句 有逗号隔开
最本质的区别在于前面的先行词的范围是否明确, 是否需要修饰限定。
would pay, … (2010) 12. But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the
humanities is nine years. (2011)
关系词在定语从句中作宾语时(及物动词后的宾语或介词后的宾语), 可以省略。
2. Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. (2006)
8. But there are few places w__h_e__reclients have more grounds for complain than America. (2014)
9. That’s one reason _w__h_y_ we have launched Arc, a new publication
二的,e.g. the Great Wall, mother, father, the universe…,此时 要使用非限定性定语从句; 2. 先行词范围“相对明确”,也就是说根据上下文可以判断这个名 词的范围是否明确,此时也可以使用非限制性定语从句

英语专四语法之定语从句

英语专四语法之定语从句

英语专四语法之定语从句定语从句是英语语法中的一种重要结构,常常用于修饰句子中的名词或代词,使其更加具体和明确。

下面将介绍英语专四考试中常见的定语从句类型和用法。

1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词包括who, whom, whose, that和which。

它们在定语从句中的作用是代替先行词,并引导一个修饰先行词的从句。

例如: - The man who is standing over there is my father.- The book which I borrowed from the library is due tomorrow.- The car that he drives is very expensive.- The woman whose daughter is in my class is a doctor.2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词包括when, where和why。

它们在定语从句中的作用是引导一个修饰先行词的从句。

例如:- The day when we met was sunny.- The place where we had dinner was very crowded.- The reason why he left the company is still unknown.3. 用于表示数量或序数的定语从句在表示数量或序数的句子中,常常使用定语从句来进一步说明先行词。

例如:- The first person who finishes the race will receive aprize.- The only thing that she wants for her birthday is a new guitar.- The number of students who attended the lecture was more than expected.以上是英语专四语法中关于定语从句的介绍,考生在备考过程中需要多加练习,尤其是在理解和使用不同类型的引导词上。

定语从句必考知识点总结

定语从句必考知识点总结

定语从句必考知识点总结一、定语从句的构成定语从句是由关系词引导的从句,关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。

关系代词包括:who, whom, whose, which, that;关系副词包括:when, where, why。

定语从句的构成主要有两种形式:一种是直接连接定语从句,另一种是间接连接定语从句。

1. 直接连接定语从句:直接连接定语从句的情况比较简单,通常是使用关系代词或关系副词来引导从句。

例句:This is the book that I want to read.这就是我想要读的书。

I don't know the reason why he is absent today.我不知道他今天缺席的原因是什么。

2. 间接连接定语从句:间接连接定语从句通常是通过介词+which/whom/whose来引导的。

例句:The girl with whom he is talking is my sister.他正在和那个女孩交谈的人是我妹妹。

The house in which I live is very beautiful.我住的房子非常漂亮。

二、关系代词的使用关系代词在定语从句中起到连接主句和从句的作用,同时在从句中充当名词的成分。

其中,who, whom, whose, which, that 是关系代词,对于不同的情况需要选择不同的关系代词。

1. who:指人,作主语。

例句:This is the girl who won the first prize in the competition.这就是那个在比赛中获得一等奖的女孩。

2. whom:指人,作宾语。

例句:The man whom you met yesterday is my brother.你昨天见到的那个人是我的兄弟。

3. whose:指人或物,表示所有关系。

例句:The man whose car was stolen is very upset.那个车被偷的人非常难过。

完整版)大学定语从句讲解及练习

完整版)大学定语从句讲解及练习

完整版)大学定语从句讲解及练习大学定语从句讲解及练什么是定语从句?在英语语法中,定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。

它通常用来给出更多描述和限定信息,以使句子更加具体和清晰。

定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,常见的关系代词有:who。

whom。

whose。

which。

that;常见的关系副词有:when。

where。

why。

定语从句的位置定语从句通常位于被修饰的名词或代词之后,在句子中充当修饰语。

它可以紧跟在名词后面,也可以位于主句的末尾。

以下是一些例子:1.I have a ___ who ___(我有一个朋友会说多种语言。

)1.I have a ___ who ___(我有一个朋友会说多种语言。

)1.I have a ___ who ___(我有一个朋友会说多种语言。

)1.I have a ___ who ___(我有一个朋友会说多种语言。

)1.I have a ___ who ___(我有一个朋友会说多种语言。

)1.I have a ___ who ___(我有一个朋友会说多种语言。

)1.I have a ___ who ___(我有一个朋友会说多种语言。

)1.I have a ___ who ___(我有一个朋友会说多种语言。

)1.I have a ___ who ___(我有一个朋友会说多种语言。

)2.The book that you lent me is very interesting。

(你借给我的那本书非常有趣。

)2.The book that you lent me is very interesting。

(你借给我的那本书非常有趣。

)2.The book that you lent me is very interesting。

(你借给我的那本书非常有趣。

)2.The book that you lent me is very interesting。

(你借给我的那本书非常有趣。

大学英语语法 定语从句_祥解

大学英语语法  定语从句_祥解

2.他戴着你昨天买的同样手表。
He is wearing the same watch as you bought yesterday.
介词+关系代词 提醒: 介词﹢关系代词(whom/which)引导的定语从句, 关键是判断介词的选择. The teacher for whom you are waiting is coming. This is the room in which Lu Xun used to live. 方法一:根据从句中动词的习惯搭配 This is the man with whom you talked yesterday. 方法二:根据先行词的习惯搭配 The speed at which light travels is 3000,000km per second. 方法三:根据句子所需要的意思 The colorless gas is called oxygen, without which we could not live.
关系代 词
在从句中所 作的成分 主语或
指代 指物


that
宾语
A letter that is written in pencil is difficult to read. 指人 The girl(that)we saw yesterday was jim’s sister. 作宾语时可以省略 The computer which is being used here is made in Beijing. The letter(which)I received was from my brother. 用作宾语时可以省略
As is reported in the newspaper

英语语法大全之定语从句

英语语法大全之定语从句

英语语法大全之定语从句一、限制性和非限制性定语从句1) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的,例如:Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍。

2) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如:He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发。

说明:关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

3) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。

限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,例如:This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。

(限制性)The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。

(非限制性)二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

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先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last 等修饰时只 能用that引导
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10. The speaker spoke of some writers and some books ___ were popular then. A. who B. that C. which
先行词
关系代词
University is the palce where they got poisoned.
Page 4
University is a place where they got poisoned.
先行词
关系副词
三 关系词的实质
关系代词的实质
1.A plane is a machine that can fly.
Page 10
whom
whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省 略。 The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
Page 11
which
which 指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾 语。作宾语时,可省略。
This recorder (which) he is using is made in Japan.
These are the trees which were planted last year.
Page 12
that
that 指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾 语。作宾语时,可省略。
A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man (that) I told you about.
the machine = that
2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.
the boy =who
关系代词实际上是先行词的复指 3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.
Page 28
2 关系副词
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when
用关系副词when时,先行词指时间,when在定 语从句中作时间状语,when可换成“介词+关系代 词”。如:
I still remember the day when (= on which) I first came to Nanjing. My father was born in the year when (= in which) World War Ⅱ broke out.
He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
Page 16
(3) whose引导的定语从句,其先行词既可
以指人也可以指物。
The novel whose title is Red and Black is very interesting.
Page 27
as的使用
as Being a volunteer is such a privilege ____ we all want to have. that Being a volunteer is such a privilege ____ we all want to have it.
2. 关系副词:
When Where Why
Page 8
1. 关系代词
Page 9
who
who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作 宾语时,可省略。
The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
先行词被既有人又有物时只能 用that引导
Page 24
11. Who is the worker ___ took some pictures of the factory. A. who B. that C. which
主句已有who或which时,只能用that 引导
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关系代词as引导
Page 13
whose
whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语 。不 可省略。 This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake. We live in a house whose windows face south.
一. 定语从句的基本定义
放在名词或代词后面,由关系代词或关系 副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定 语从句。
被修饰的词叫先行词。
Page 1
二 感受定语从句
The boy who is wearing glasses is Harry Potter.
Page 2
The boy
who is wearing glasses is Harry Potter.
Page 17
(4) 关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人
称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如: Those who are against the plan put up your hands. Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday. Tom is the only one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.
Page 6
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有 格
关系副词的实质
The school where I study is far from my home. where in the school
=
关系副词实际上是介词+先行 词
Page 7
四、 常见的关系词
1. 关系代词:
that, which, who whom, whose
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巩固练习:用适当的关系词填空
1) October 1, 1949 was the day______ when (__ on______) which China was founded.
This is all that I want from the school.
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(2) 多用who而不用that。
①先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时。如:
All who heard the news were excited. ②先行词为those, he和people时。如: Those who want to go please sign your names here.
whose leg broke in a match used 3.The man ______ to be a good football player.
that is too 4.Kate is reading a book which/ ____________ difficult for her.
先行词被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等修饰时只能用that引导
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8. That is the very book ___ I was looking for. A. who B. that C. which 9. After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing ___ he owns. A. who B. that C. which
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关系代词需要注意的几个点
(1) 用that 不能用which。
①当先行词中有人又有物时。如:
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等时。如:
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as的使用
The earth is round, ___ we all know. ___ is known to all, the earth is round. ___ is known to all that the earth is round.
定语从句在句首时只 能用as,as 具有正如 之意,动词一般较固 定
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where
用关系副词where时,先行词指地点,where在定 语从句中作地点状语,where可换成“介词+关系 代词”。如: This is the farm where (= on which) we worked when we were young. The school where (= in which) his mother teaches is in the west of the city.
1. 先行词与such, the same连用或先行词本身就是the same, such时,要用as。
Such people as you describe are rare nowadays. Would you like to buy the same pen as I have? 2. 代替整个句子,在从句中作主语,而从句位于句首 时,要用as。 As is well known, the earth goes around the sun.
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