郭著章、李庆生《英汉互译实用教程》(第3版)课后习题及详解-第1、2章【圣才出品】

第1章翻译概述
一、填空
1. Yan Fu’s 3-word translation criteria are _____, _____and_____.
【答案】faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance
【解析】严复提出的翻译标准：信、达、雅。

2. Translation in China has a long history of some_____years.
【答案】two thousand
【解析】我国的翻译事业有约2000年的历史。

3. The two words used as the common criteria of translation in China today are _____and_____.
【答案】faithfulness, smoothness
【解析】我国现今通用的两个翻译标准：“信”和“达”。

二、回答下列问题
1. What is meant by translation?
【答案】Translation is a representation or recreation in one language of what is written or said in another language, not only an art but also a science.
2. What was Karl Marx fond of saying about the importance of a foreign language?
【答案】Karl Marx was fond of saying: “A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life.”
3. What are the prerequisites for a qualified translator?
【答案】Generally speaking, a qualified translator should have five prerequisites:① a good command of the source language,② a good command of the target language,③ a wide range and scope of knowledge,④ a high political consciousness,⑤ a necessary knowledge of basic techniques used in translation.
4. How to define the literal translation and the liberal translation?
【答案】Literal translation refers to an adequate representation of the original almost without any change of word-order or sentence construction. Liberal translation is also called free translation, which does not adhere strictly to the form or word-order of the original.
5. What do you think should be the criteria of translation?
【答案】To me, the criteria of translation should be the following two words: faithfulness and smoothness, or even only one word: faithfulness.
三、英译汉
1. Source language and target language
【答案】译出语和译入语
2. the Oriental and Occidental languages 【答案】东方语言和西方语言
3. Alexander Fraser Tyler
【答案】亚历山大•弗雷泽•泰勒
4. Georges Mounin
【答案】乔治•穆南
5. Feedorov
【答案】费道罗夫
6. Indu Dharmarakcha
【答案】竺法护
7. Kumara’3iva
【答案】鸠摩罗什
8. Paramartha(Gunarata)
【答案】真谛/波罗末陀（拘那罗陀）
【答案】利玛窦
10. Euclid’s Elements
【答案】《几何原本》
11. La Dame aux Camelias
【答案】《茶花女》
12. A History of Politics(by E. Jenks)
【答案】《社会通诠》（甄克思著）
13. On Liberty(by J. S. Mill)
【答案】《群己权界论》（约翰•穆勒著）
14. An Inquiry Into the Nature and Cause of the Wealth of Nations(by A.Smith) 【答案】原富》（亚当•斯密）
15. Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays(by T. H. Huxley)
【答案】《天演论》（赫胥黎）
四、汉译英
【答案】faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance
2. “宁顺而不信。

”“宁信而不顺。

”
【答案】“It is better to have a smooth version than a faithful one.” “Rather be faithful (in thought) than smooth (in language).”
3. “保持着原作丰姿。

”
【答案】“Keep the full flavour of the original work.”
4. 忠实，通顺
【答案】faithfulness and smoothness
5. 直译与意译
【答案】literal translation and liberal (free) translation
五、用汉语回答下列问题
1. 欲了解国内外译学状况和提高翻译理论水平，可阅读哪些书?
【答案】
①《翻译论集》罗新璋编(商务印书馆，l984)
②《翻译理论与翻译技巧论文集》中国对外翻译出版公司选编
③《翻译研究论文集》中国翻译工作者协会《翻译通讯》编辑部编(此书分两册：l894—1948
年和l949～1983年)
④《外国翻译理论评介文集》中国对外翻译出版公司选编
⑤《翻译新论》湖北教育出版社出版
⑥《译学新论》湖北教育出版社出版
2. 我国有哪些期刊常登载翻译研究方面的内容?
【答案】
①《中国翻译》
②《外国语》
③《外语教学与研究》
3. 通过英汉对照阅读提高(文学)翻译能力，你认为读哪几本书较好?
【答案】
①原名：Pride and Prejudice(by Jane Austen)
译名：《傲慢与偏见》王科一译本，或孙致礼译本等其他译本
②原名：Red Star Over China(by Edgar Snow)／The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich(by W. Shirer)
译名：《西行漫记》／《第三帝国的兴亡》(这两本书均由董乐山主译)
③原名：The Adventures of Tom Sawyer(by Mark Twain)
译名：《汤姆·索亚历险记》张友松译本，或其他译本
④原名：Jane Eyre：an autobiography(by Charlotte Bronte)
译名：《简·爱》祝庆英译本，或其他译本。