清华大学计算机语言学专业考博真题-育明考博
清华大学考博英语阅读真题及其解析
清华大学考博英语阅读真题及其解析A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide—the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor.And that divide does exist today.My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago.What was less visible then,however,were the new,positive forces that work against the digital divide.There are reasons to be optimistic.There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow.As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized,it is in the interest of business to universalize access—after all,the more people online,the more potential customers there are.More and more governments,afraid their countries will be left behind,want to spread Internet access.Within the next decade or two,one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together.As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead.And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we've ever had.Of course,the use of the Internet isn't the only way to defeat poverty.And the Internet is not the only tool we have.But it has enormous potential.Geng duo yuan xiao zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi.To take advantage of this tool,some impoverished countries willhave to get over their outdated anti-coloni a l prejudices with respect to foreign investment.Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure(the basic structural foundations of a society)in the United States.When the United States built its industrials infrastructure,it didn't have the capital to do so.And that is why America's Second Wave infrastructure—including roads, barbors,highways,ports and so on—were built with foreign investment.The English,the Germans,the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain's former colony.They financed them.Immigrant Americans built them.Guess who owns them now?The Americans.I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter.The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure,which today is an electronic infrastructure,the better off you're going to be.That doesn't mean lying down and becoming fooled,or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled.But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.25.Digital divide is something_________.[A]getting worse because of the Internet[B]the rich countries are responsible for[C]the world must guard against[D]considered positive todayernments attach importance to the Internet because it _________.[A]offers economic potentials[B]can bring foreign funds[C]can soon wipe out world poverty[D]connects people all over the world27.The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify the policy of_________.[A]providing financial support overseas[B]preventing foreign capital's control[C]building industrial infrastructure[D]accepting foreign investment28.It seems that now a country's economy depends much on_________.[A]how well-developed it is electronically[B]whether it is prejudiced against immigrants[C]whether it adopts America's industrial pattern[D]how much control it has over foreign corporations名师解析25.Digital divide is something_______.数字鸿沟是______。
清华大学计算机语言学专业考博真题报录比参考书-育明考博
清华大学计算机语言学专业考博复习资料参考书-育明考博一、清华大学人文学院计算语言学方向考博内容分析（育明考博辅导中心)专业方向招生人数初试内容复试内容050100中国语言文学计算语言学约1人①101英语②287数据结构501综合考试育明考博辅导中心张老师解析：1、清华大学人文学院计算语言学方向考博的报录比平均在5:1左右（竞争较激烈）2、本专业有一位导师：江铭虎3、同等学力考生在初试合格后须加试报考专业两门硕士专业学位课程和自然辩证法。
4、初试英语拉开的分差较小，两门专业课拉开的分差非常大。
要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数。
专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。
5、清华大学考博初试外语中不含听力。
6、学院并不指定外语和专业课复习的参考书。
育明教育考博分校针对清华大学各专业考博开设的辅导课程有：考博英语课程班·专业课课程班·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。
每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。
根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员构建考博成功的基础保障。
（清华大学人文学院考博资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：772678537）二、清华大学人文学院中国语言文学专业历年考博复试分数线（育明考博课程中心）育明考博辅导中心张老师解析：1、人文学院中国语言文学专业共有7个研究方向，各研究方向之间报录比差别还是比较大的。
2、根据最新的信息，学院将会逐步增加硕博连读的名额，减少在职定向读博的名额。
3、初试英语拉开的分差较小，两门专业课拉开的分差非常大。
要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数。
专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。
年份录取成绩要求复试人数/招生人数2014年外语47分、专业课50分综合考试60分19人/14人（不包括骨干计划）2015年外语50分、专业课50分综合考试60分15人/10人（不包括骨干计划）育明教育考博分校针对清华大学各专业考博开设的辅导课程有：考博英语课程班·专业课课程班·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。
清华大学人文学院考博真题-参考书-分数线-复习方法-育明考博
清华大学人文学院考博指导与分析一、清华大学考博资讯（一）考试科目及各方向导师：1.010100哲学研究方向01：马克思主义哲学。
导师分别是邹广文、韩立新。
考试的科目：（1）101英语或103日语或104德语或105法语（100%）。
（2）620马克思主义哲学（100%）。
（3）501综合考试（100%）。
研究方向02：中国哲学。
导师分别是曹峰、陈来。
考试的科目：（1）101英语或103日语或104德语或105法语（100%）。
（2）621中国哲学史（100%）。
（3）501综合考试（100%）。
研究方向03：外国哲学。
导师分别是田薇、王晓朝、王路、黄裕生。
考试的科目：（1）101英语或103日语或104德语或105法语（100%）。
（2）292西方哲学史（100%）。
（3）501综合考试（100%）。
研究方向04：伦理学。
导师分别是肖巍、万俊人、卢风、唐文明、贝淡宁。
考试的科目：（1）101英语或102俄语或103日语或104德语（100%）。
（2）622伦理学原理（100%）。
（3）501综合考试（100%）。
研究方向05：逻辑学。
导师分别是王路、刘奋荣、Johanvan Benthem。
考试的科目：（1）101英语或104德语（100%）。
（2）623逻辑学原理（100%）。
（3）501综合考试（100%）。
研究方向06：宗教学。
导师分别是田薇、王晓朝、黄裕生。
考试的科目：（1）101英语或103日语或104德语或105法语（100%）。
（2）624宗教学原理（100%）。
（3）501综合考试（100%）。
研究方向07：美学。
导师分别是肖鹰、刘东。
考试的科目：（1）101英语或103日语或104德语或105法语（100%）。
（2）293美学理论（100%）。
（3）501综合考试（100%）。
2.050100中国语言文学研究方向01：中国现当代文学。
导师分别是解志熙、汪晖。
考试的科目：（1）101英语或103日语（100%）。
【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅...
北京第二外国语学院2011年攻读硕士学位研究生专业目录单位名称：北京第二外国语学院单位代码：10031培养单位：跨文化研究院邮政编码：100024地址：北京市朝阳区定福庄南里1号电话：（010）65778347专业/代码研究方向招生人数马克思主义理论课外国语应试语种业务课考试科目备注美学01010601西方美学7101思想政治理论201英语一202俄语203日语（任选）622美学原理822中西美学史同等学力考生加试哲学和艺术哲学02比较美学与美育学03中国古典美学参考书目：622美学原理：《美学原理新编》，杨辛、甘霖主编，北京大学出版社，1996。
822中西美学史：《西方美学史》，朱光潜著，人民文学出版社，2002。
《美的历程》，李泽厚著，天津社会科学院出版社，2001年修订。
【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站：1北京第二外国语学院2011年攻读硕士学位研究生专业目录单位名称：北京第二外国语学院单位代码：10031培养单位：国际经贸学院邮政编码：100024地址：北京市朝阳区定福庄南里1号电话：（010）65778441专业/代码研究方向招生人数马克思主义理论课外国语应试语种业务课考试科目备注国际贸易学02020601国际贸易理论与政策8101思想政治理论201英语一303数学三821国际贸易与国际金融无02国际经济合作与资本流动1103国际服务贸易11参考书目：821国际贸易与国际金融：《国际贸易》（第五版），薛荣久等，对外经济贸易大学出版社。
《国际金融学》，姜波克等，高等教育出版社，2004年。
【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站：2北京第二外国语学院2011年攻读硕士学位研究生专业目录单位名称：北京第二外国语学院单位代码：10031培养单位：跨文化研究院邮政编码：100024地址：北京市朝阳区定福庄南里1号电话：（010）65778347专业/代码研究方向招生人数马克思主义理论课外国语应试语种业务课考试科目备注比较文学与世界文学05010801比较美学与诗学15101思想政治理论201英语一202俄语203日语（任选）623比较文学原理823外国文学同等学力考生加试中国文论和外国文论02比较文学与比较文化03欧美文学与文论参考书目：623比较文学原理：《比较文学》，陈惇、孙景尧、谢天振主编，高等教育出版社，2008年修订.823外国文学：《外国文学史》上下册，郑克鲁等主编，高等教育出版社，2006年修订.【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站：3北京第二外国语学院2011年攻读硕士学位研究生专业目录单位名称：北京第二外国语学院单位代码：10031培养单位：英语学院邮政编码：100024地址：北京市朝阳区定福庄南里1号电话：（010）65778963专业/代码研究方向招生人数马克思主义理论课外国语应试语种业务课考试科目备注英语语言文学05020101英美社会文化10101思想政治理论262日语263法语264德语265俄语266西班牙语（任选）611基础英语811综合考试（英1）611基础英语：语法、词汇30分；完形填空30分；阅读理解30分；段落翻译30分；命题作文30分。
2019年北京清华大学考博英语真题及答案（可直接编辑打印）.doc
2019年北京清华大学考博英语真题及答案（可直接编辑打印）.doc2019年北京清华大学考博英语真题及答案Part I Vocabulary (20%)Directions: There are forty incomplete sentences in this part For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one that completes the sentence, and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. The European Union countries, were once worried that they would not have supplies of petroleum.A. sufficientB. efficient C potential D. proficient2. We'd like to a table for five for dinner this evening.A. preserveB. reserveC. sustainD. retain3. Britain has the highest of road traffic in the world-over 60 cars for every mile of road.A. popularityB. prosperityC. intensityD. density4. I would never have a court of law if I hadn’t been so desperate.A. sought forB. accounted forC. turned upD. restored to5. The energy by the chain reaction is transformed into heat.A. transferredB. releasedC. conveyedD. delivered6. It is required that during the process, great care has to be taken to protect thesilkfrom damage.A. sensitiveB. sensible C tender D. delicate7. To our , Geoffrey’s illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.A. reliefB. viewC. anxietyD. judgment8. The government will take some action to the two big quarreling companies.A. jigsawB. jotC. impulseD. reconcile9. As automation became popular in most factories, labor was made ?A. disincentiveB. redundantC. diverseD. discontent10. They have her unreasonable request for her annual salary.A. destinedB. chordedC. repelledD. commenced11. When you prepare for your speech, be sure to cite qualified sources of information and examples.A. unbiasedB. manipulatedC. distortedD. conveyed12. It is apparent that winning the scholarship is of one's intelligence in the field of physics.A. parallelismB. alliterationC. testimonyD. rhythm13. In court he repeated his that he was not guilty in front of the jury.A. impressionsB. alliterationsC. clausesD. assertions14. Shopping malls have some advantage in suffering from shorter periods of business.A. staleB. slackC. ferrousD. abundant5. According to the Geneva no prisoners of war shall besubject to abuse.A. CustomsB. CongressesC. ConventionsD. RoutinesBefore the general election many senior citizens signed the against the spreading of nuclear arms.A. contractB. petitionC. supplicationD. potential7. Scientists believe that there is not enough oxygen in the Moon’s atmosphere toplantlife.A. adaptB. personalizeC. sustain D, describeI can’t remember exactly what triggered the explosion but it was pretty .A. estimatingB. devastatingC. reprocessingD. preferringThe industry has pumped amounts of money into political campaigns, making itless and less likely that politicians will deal with the issue sensibly.A. potentialB. substantialC. massiveD. traditional20. I was entrusted to to a newspaper article making predictions for the New Year.A. contributeB. detractC. convertD. entail21. After 1989, the external vanished, but the danger to American civilization remained.A. disruption B, menace C. liability D, emergence22. The government is trying to help these enterprises out of the by various means.A. flightB. plight C delight D. twilight23. An archaeologist has to pay much attention to details of an unearthed object.A. miserableB. minusC. minuteD. moist24. T he girl her tablemate’s arm to see if she was fast asleep at class.A. pinchedB. punchedC. pitchedD. preached25. Most of the local people involved in the affair have been and dismissed.A. smuggledB. prosecutedC. salutedD. thrived26. I can respect someone who is for their actions, but I cannot respect someone who is always pointing the finger.A. millenniumB. dominantC. accountableD. commercial27. All the products made in China are sold and distributed in with the U.S. Export Administration Regulations and also local country rules.A. complianceB. prosperityC. merchandise D‘ intersection28. One of the main reasons is that the university’s attracts students and faculty staff allover the world.A. fraudB. respondentC. misconductD. prestige29. Even though the investigation has been going on for two months, the police have no further details about the accident.A. comprisedB. formulatedC. releasedD. incorporated30. They want to stimulate economic growth in the region by offering to foreign investors.A. incentivesB. abundancesC. warriorsD. outnumbers31. Why be about that old coat? There’s no point in keeping it just because you were wearing it when you first met me.A. sensitiveB. sensibleC. sentimental D, sensational32. and hard work are the cornerstones of this company.A. MutilationB. InnovationC. EmpireD. Strength33. The protests were part of their against the proposed building development in the area.A. commissionB. commitmentC. conventionD. campaign34. Some people seem to on the pressure of working undera deadline.A. render B- evolve C. prevail D. thrive35. These changes have not been sufficient to the losses.A. stemB. stimulate C cause D. compensate36. Psychologists believe that children are easily influenced by their .A. conditionsB. combinations C, peers D. granaries37. Several for global warming have been suggested by climate researchers.A. systemsB. sentences C fallacies D. hypotheses38. These natural resources will be sooner or later if the present rate of exploitation continues.A, depleted B. deployed C. inclined D. mingled39. The military operations yesterday were targeted at the military installations.A. propelledB. commencedC. plaguedD. modulated40. Artificial intelligence deals partly with the between the computer and the human brain.A. profile B- mighty C. analogy D, leakagePart II Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneThere are over 6,000 different computer and online games in the world now. A segment of them are considered to be both educational and harmlessly entertaining. One such game teaches geography, and another trains pilots. Others train the player in logical thinking and problem solving. Some games may also help young people to become more computer literate, which is more important in this technology-driven era.But the dark side of the computer games has become more and more obvious. “A segment of games features anti-social themes of violence, sex and crude language，，，says David Walsh, president of the National Institute on Media and Family. “Unfortunately，it’s a segment that seems particularly popular with kids aged eight to fifteen.，，One study showed that almost 80 percent of the computer and online games young people preferred contained violence. The investigators said * These are not just games anymore. These are learning machines. We’re teaching kids in the most incredible manner what it，s like to pull the trigger. What they are not learning are the real-life consequences.”They also said “The new and more sophisticated games are even worse, because they have better graphics and allow the player to participate in even more realistic violent acts.”In the game Carmageddon, for example, the player will have driven over and killed up to 33,OCX) people by the time all levels are completed. A description of the outcome of the game says: “Your victims not only squish under your tires and splatter blood on the windshield. They also get on their knees and beg for mercy, or commit suid de. If you like, you can also dismember them.”Is all this simulated violence harmful? Approximately 3,000 different studies have been conducted on this subject. Many have suggested that there is a connection between violence in games and increased aggressiveness in the players.Some specialists downplay the influence of the games, saying that other factors must be taken into consideration, such as the possibility that kids who already have violent tendencies are choosing such games. But could it be that violent games still play a contributing role? It seems unrealistic to insist thatpeople are not influenced by what they see. If that were true, why would the commercial world spend billions of dollars annually for television advertising?41. Which of the following computer games are NOT mentioned as educational and harmlessly entertaining?A. Those that teach how to fly an airplane.B. Those that teach the features of the earth.C Those that help people use computer language.D. Those that teach computer technology.42. According to the investigators, .A. the new and more sophisticated games allow the players to take part in real violent actsB. the new and more sophisticated games teach the players how to kill other peopleC. most computer and online games make the players forget the real life resultsD. most computer and online games may cultivate young people with bad manners43. It can be inferred from the passage that .A. more and more young people enjoy cruel computer gamesB- it is hard to find evidence of a link between violence and computer gamesC. there are now more incidents of violence due to computer gamesD. simulated violence in computer games is different from real violence44. The author uses “television advertising” as an example to show that ?A. the commercial world is contributing to the increasedviolence in real lifeB. computer and online games are not the only cause of increased violence in real lifeC. there is a close link between computer games and increased violence in real lifeD. other factors must be considered as possible causes of violence in real life Passage TwoThe collapse of the Earth’s magnetic field—which guards the planet and guides many of its creatures—appears to have started seriously about 150 years ago, the New York Times reported last week.The field’s strength has decreased by 10 or 15 percent so far and this has increased the debate over whether it signals a reversal of the planet’s lines of magnetic force* During a reversal，the main field weakens, almost vanishes, and reappears with opposite polarity (极）? The transition would take thousands of years. Once completed, compass needles that had pointed north would point south. A reversal could cause problems for both man and animals. Astronauts and satellites would have difficulties. Birds, fish and anintals that rely on the inagnetic field for navigation would find migration confusing. But experts said the effects would not be a big disaster, despite daims of doom and vague evidence of links between past field reversals and species extinctions.Although a total transition may be hundreds or thousands of years away, the rapid decline in magnetic strength is already affecting satellites. Last month, the European Space Agency approved the world’s largest effort at tracking the field’s shifts.A group of new satellites, called Swarm, is to monitor the collapsing field with far greater precision. “We want to get someidea * of how this would evolve in the near future, just like people trying to predict the weather，，，said Gauthier Hulot, a French geophysicist working on the satellite plan. “I，m personally quite convinced we should be able to work out the first predictions by the end of the mission.”。
北大高等教育学专业考博真题复习资料-育明考博
北京大学教育学院高等教育学专业考博指导-育明考博一、北京大学高等教育学专业考博考试分析招生统计（育明考博辅导中心）招生专业招生人数招考方式考试内容040106高等教育学2013年2人2014年2人2015年2人除校内事业编申请-考核制①“北大英语水平考试”12月27②专业笔试（高等教育学综合）③专业面试（ppt 形式，A 、学术潜力和研究设想B 、学术基础和研究素质）1、北大高等教育学专业考博的报录比平均在5:12、从2013年开始北大教育学院的博士招生开始实行“申请-审核制”，与以往的考试制在考查方式、考查测重点方面都有所区别。
“申请制”不代表不考试，也不代表考试不重要，最终决定能否被录取的还是考试成绩（材料审核成绩不计入最终排名的总分）。
3、2016年报考北大教育学院博士的考生需参加“北京大学博士研究生英语水平考试”（第一次组织，题型为：听力、阅读、作文）4、材料审核中重点打分项：①科研成果（论文、workingpaper、参与课题）②外语水平③本硕院校④博士修习计划5、北大高等教育学专业包含四个博士研究方向：01.高等教育原理02.高等教育史03.国际与比较高等教育04.高等教育管理育明教育针对北京大学教育学院考博开设的辅导课程有：考博英语课程班·专业课课程班·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。
每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。
根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员构建考博成功的基础保障。
（北大考博资料、复习经验、辅导课程咨询育明教育杜老师叩叩：捌玖叁、贰肆壹、二二六）二、北京大学高等教育学专业考博专业课参考书高等教育学综合：1.《现代教育论》（第二版），黄济、王策三主编，人民教育出版社，20042.《教育哲学导论》（第二版），石中英著，北京师范大学出版社，20043.《高等教育哲学》，[美]约翰·S·布鲁贝克著，王承绪等译，浙江教育出版社，20024.《高等教育理念》，[英]罗纳德·巴尼特著，蓝劲松主译，北京大学出版社，20125.《高等教育系统——学术组织的跨国研究》，[美]伯顿·克拉克著，杭州大学出版社，19946.《中国大学教育发展史》，曲士培著，北京大学出版社，20067.《外国高等教育史》（修订版），黄福涛主编，上海教育出版社，20088.《国外高等教育学基本文献讲读》（陈洪捷、施晓光、蒋凯主编），北京大学出版社，20149.《高等教育新论——多学科的研究》，[美]伯顿·克拉克主编，王承绪等译，浙江教育出版社，200110.《比较高等教育：知识、大学与发展》，[美]菲利普·G.阿特巴赫著，人民教育出版社教育室译，200111.《比较教育研究：路径与方法》，贝磊、鲍勃、梅森主编，李梅主译，北京大学出版社，201012.《教育政策研究基础》，陈学飞.北京：人民教育出版社，201113.《政策科学——公共政策分析导论》，陈振明，北京：中国人民大学出版社，2003育明教育考博课程部杜老师解析：1、参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何初步将参考书中的知识内容对应到答题中，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
2020年清华大学高等教育考博真题回忆（上岸必看）
2020年清华大学高等教育考博真题回忆(上岸必看)一、2021年考博复习技巧及院校选择每个院校的考博时间是不一样的，加只每个院校博士招生人数有限，所以育明教育大印老师建议大家一定要多选择几个院校进行备考，一般而言，选择4-5个院校比较合适，这几个院校选择应该注意具有一定的层次性，比如可以选择北大、南开，首师大、中财，矿大、地大等三个档次的院校。
因为只要是211或者双一流的院校的博士，对于你以后进入高校任教或者从事相关的工作是太大影响的。
切记孤注一掷的之报考一个院校。
此外，很多考生问考博辅导的意义是什么，其实对于考博而言，最重要的是三点：第一，考博信息，即考博院校和考博侧重点的选择问题，这点一般的考生很难完全了解，因为很多院校考博信息并不对外公开，但是咱们经过12年的辅导经验，很多内容是比较了解的；第二，个人陈述和研究计划，这点一般的考生可能很难独立完成，尤其是研究计划，因为研究计划既需要和所报考导师相关，也需要和自己本硕专业相关，这点都在咱们的辅导之内；第三，专业课考试范围和考试侧重点，这点也很重要。
二、2021年清华大学教育学考博参考书黄济著《教育哲学》，北京师范大学出版社1985年；《教育哲学通论》，山西教育出版社1998年。
瞿葆奎主编《教育学文集•教育与教育学》；《教育与社会发展》人民教育出版社1993年、1989年。
陈桂生著《历史的‘教育学现象’透视－近代教育学史探索》，人民教育出版社1998年。
雅斯贝尔斯著《什么是教育》，上海三联书店1991年。
联合国教科文组织国际教育发展委员会编《学会生存－教育世界的今天和明天》，教育科学出版社1996年。
陈列著《市场经济与高等教育-一个世界性的课题》，人民教育出版社1999年。
潘懋元主编《新编高等教育学》，北京师范大学出版社1996年。
徐辉著《高等教育发展的新阶段—论大学与工业的关系》，杭州大学出版社1991年；《市场经济与中国高等教育体制改革》，湖南教育出版社1995年。
计算机考博英语试题及答案
计算机考博英语试题及答案Introduction:In the field of computer science, obtaining a doctoral degree is a significant achievement. To attain this goal, candidates are required to pass an examination that tests their knowledge in various areas. Among these, the English language proficiency is essential for researchers to communicate effectively and contribute to the global scientific community. In this article, we will provide a sample of computer-based examination questions for the English section, along with the corresponding answers to help candidates prepare for the exam.Section 1: Reading ComprehensionInstructions: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.[Passage]Question 1: According to the passage, what is the purpose of the computer-based examination?Answer: The computer-based examination aims to assess the English language proficiency of candidates pursuing a doctoral degree in computer science.Question 2: What is one benefit mentioned in the passage of passing the examination?Answer: Passing the examination demonstrates an ability to communicate effectively with other researchers in the global scientific community.Question 3: What skills or abilities are required to succeed in the examination?Answer: Candidates are required to have a strong understanding of the English language, including reading comprehension, vocabulary, and grammar.Section 2: Vocabulary and GrammarInstructions: Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.Question 1: The researchers conducted a _______ investigation to gather data for their study.a) thoroughb) throughc) thoughQuestion 2: _______ the challenging nature of this problem, the team was able to find a solution.a) Despiteb) Althoughc) In spiteQuestion 3: The professor's lecture was so _______ that many students struggled to follow along.a) confusinglyb) confusionc) confusedSection 3: WritingInstructions: Write a short essay (about 300 words) on the following topic.Topic: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on SocietyIn recent years, the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted various aspects of society. This essay will discuss the positive and negative effects of AI on different sectors, including the economy, healthcare, and education.Firstly, AI has revolutionized the economy by increasing efficiency and productivity. Automation of tasks that were once time-consuming allows businesses to operate at higher speeds and reduces costs. However, concerns arise regarding job displacement as AI systems continue to replace human labor in certain industries.Secondly, AI has transformed the healthcare sector by enabling more accurate medical diagnoses and personalized treatment plans. Machine learning algorithms can analyze vast amounts of patient data, leading to better outcomes and potentially saving lives. Nevertheless, ethicalconsiderations surrounding data privacy and AI decision-making must be addressed to ensure the responsible use of this technology.Lastly, AI has revolutionized education by providing personalized learning experiences. Intelligent tutoring systems can adapt to individual students' needs, enhancing their understanding and engagement. On the other hand, some argue that reliance on AI for education could lead to a lack of social interaction and critical thinking skills among students.In conclusion, artificial intelligence has undoubtedly had a significant impact on society. While it presents numerous benefits such as increased efficiency and improved healthcare outcomes, ethical considerations and potential challenges remain. To fully harness the potential of AI, it is crucial to find a balance between technological advancements and social responsibility.Conclusion:In conclusion, the computer-based English examination for the computer science doctoral degree is essential for assessing candidates' language proficiency. This article provided a sample of the examination, including reading comprehension, vocabulary, grammar, and writing sections. By familiarizing themselves with these sample questions and answers, candidates can better prepare for the exam and improve their chances of success. Good luck!。
2023清华大学考博英语模拟题1(考卷附答案)
2012清华大学考博英语模拟题1（考卷）一、阅读理解（每题2分，共40分）Section A下列每篇文章后面有5个问题，请根据文章内容回答问题。
Passage 1Questions:1. When did the concept of sustainable development first appear in the world?2. Which organization proposed the concept of sustainable development?3. What is the main idea of sustainable development?4. What does sustainable development emphasize?5. According to the passage, what is the relationship between sustainable development and the three aspects of economy, society and environment?Passage 2Questions:1. What is the main idea of this passage?2. What are the advantages of the Internet mentioned in the passage?3. What are the disadvantages of the Internet mentioned in the passage?4. How do countries address the issues of Internet security?5. Why is it important to safeguard Internet security?Section B下列每篇文章后面有5个问题，请根据文章内容回答问题。
清华考博辅导：清华大学计算机科学与技术考博难度解析及经验分享 (2)
国际会议ICIP、IEEE Data Comp. Conf.、ISCAS、ICME等:审稿人;
学术期刊IEEE Trans. CSVT、IEEE Trans. Signal Proc.、IEEE Trans. Image Proc.、IEEE Signal Proc. Magazine、IEEE Trans. Comm.等:审稿人;
(2)基于计算几何算法，将草图技术引入到数字媒体处理中，提出了一系列基于手绘线条图的多媒体创作和三维几何建模技术，分析了线条图在数字媒体中的认知特性并进行了认知可计算性和建模研究。
(3)面向飞机外形曲面设计的实际需要，研究样条曲线曲面的拟合拼接、光顺和逼近展开等问题，提出并完成了可在商业系统CATIA上兼容运行的高效实用几何算法，在沈阳飞机设计研究所得到了成功应用。
清华大学计算机学院计算机科学与技术专业在博士招生方面，划分为二十七个研究方向：
081200 计算机科学与技术
博士研究方向：01高性能计算，02高性能计算，03多核体系结构，04存储系统，05计算机网络06可信计算与系统性能评价，07下一代互联网网络体系结构，08大规模互联网编址与路由，09网络与信息系统安全，10密码理论，11网络与分布式系统，12网络空间安全，13网络管理与测量，14移动互联网，15传感器网络与物联网，16计算机网络传输编码，17数据工程与知识工程，18系统软件，19电子设计自动化算法与软件，20智能控制及机器人，21人工智能，22人机交互与普适计算，23计算机视觉与模式识别，24多媒体信息处理与网络多媒体，25计算机图形学与媒体计算，26生物信息学，27智慧设计
2013年亚洲设计与数字工程中日韩三边会议，中方组委会主席
清华考博辅导：清华大学计算机科学与技术考博难度解析及经验分享..
清华考博辅导：清华大学计算机科学与技术考博难度解析及经验分享根据教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心最新公布的第四轮学科评估结果可知，全国共有168所开设计算机科学与技术专业的大学参与了2017-2018计算机科学与技术专业大学排名，其中排名第一的是北京大学，排名第二的是清华大学，排名第三的是浙江大学。
作为清华大学实施国家“211工程”和“985工程”的重点学科，计算机科学与技术一级学科在历次全国学科评估中均名列第二。
下面是启道考博整理的关于清华大学计算机科学与技术考博相关内容。
一、专业介绍计算机科学与技术是研究计算机的设计与制造，并利用计算机进行有关的信息表示、收发、存储、处理、控制等的理论方法和技术的学科。
计算机专业涵盖计算机科学与技术、计算机软件工程、计算机信息工程等专业，主要培养具有良好的科学素养，系统地、较好地掌握计算机科学与技术，包括计算机硬件和软件组成原理、计算机操作系统、计算机网络基础、算法与数据结构等，计算机的基本知识和基本技能与方法，能在科研部门、教育、企业、事业、行政管理部门等单位从事计算机教学、科学研究和计算机科学与技术学科的应用。
清华大学计算机科学与技术专业在博士招生方面，划分为1个研究方向：081200计算机科学与技术研究方向：01计算机图形学、可视化及CAD技术此专业实行申请考核制。
二、考试内容清华大学计算机科学与技术专业博士研究生招生为资格审查加综合考核形式，由笔试+面试构成。
其中，综合考核内容为:综合考核将考察考生的综合素质和能力，重点考查考生对专业知识掌握的深度和广度，对知识灵活运用的程度，以及考生从事科研工作的潜力和创造力。
各学科考核小组分别组织，实行差额复试，公平竞争，择优录取。
具体方式如下：（1）物理组（含天体物理）：45分钟的综合面试，根据面试情况择优挑选部分同学继续在高研院访问两至三天，综合面试情况及访问期间的表现，确定是否录取意向名单。
（2）数学组：45分钟的综合面试，考核小组成员现场讨论，独立给出评分，确定是否录取意向名单。
清华大学计算语言学考博真题-参考书-分数线
清华大学计算语言学考博真题-参考书-分数线一、专业的设置江铭虎的计算语言学，是一个考博热门方向，一方面是因为老师们长期从事此领域的教学和科研工作，对此领域很有造诣，另一方面是因为这一个方向本身有研究的学术价值，并且在社会主义现代化建设的关键时期，这个专业的人才正是是社会所需要的，有很好的就业前景。
二、考试的科目中国语言文学：计算语言学：①101英语②287数据结构③501综合考试；三、导师介绍江铭虎，清华大学博士后、教授，山东（工业）大学电子工程系毕业，现为中美两国教育部网络语言教学项目专家组成员和中国科学院自动化研究所模式识别国家重点实验室客座研究员。
研究方向：自然语言处理，神经网络语言处理，模式识别与人工智能。
四、参考书目专业课信息应当包括一下几方面的内容：第一，关于参考书和资料的使用。
这一点考生可以咨询往届的博士学长，也可以和育明教育考博分校（官网可咨询）联系。
参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
另外，考博资料获取、复习经验可咨询叩叩：柒伍陆壹，伍贰玖，叁伍，专业知识的来源也不能局限于对参考书的研读，整个的备考当中考生还需要阅读大量的paper，读哪一些、怎么去读、读完之后应该怎么做，这些也会直接影响到考生的分数。
第二，专题信息汇总整理。
每一位考生在复习专业课的最后阶段都应当进行专题总结，专题的来源一方面是度历年真题考点的针对性遴选，另一方面是导师研究课题。
最后一方面是专业前沿问题。
每一个专题都应当建立详尽的知识体系，做到专题知识点全覆盖。
第三，专业真题及解析。
专业课的试题都是论述题，答案的开放性比较强。
一般每门专业课都有有三道大题，考试时间各3小时，一般会有十几页答题纸。
考生在专业课复习中仅仅有真题是不够的，还需要配合对真题最权威最正统的解析，两相印证才能够把握导师出题的重点、范围以及更加偏重哪一类的答案。
清华大学考博英语真题及答案详解知识讲解
清华大学考博英语真题及答案详解知识讲解清华大学2007年博士研究生人学考试英语试题Part I Listening Comprehension(15 points)(略）Part II Reading Comprehendon (40%)Directions ：There are 4 reading passages in this part Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfin?ished statements. For each or them there are four choices marked A，B, C andD* You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet Questions 16 to 20 are based on the foUowing passage：Sometimes，over a span of many years，a business will continue to grow，generatingever-increasing a- mounts of cash，repurchasing stock，paying increased dividends，reducing debt，opening new stores，expan?ding production facilities，moving into new markets，etc.，while atthe same tune its stock price remains stagnant (or even falls)* When this happens，the average and professional investors alike tend to overlook the company because they become familiar with the trading range.Take，for example，Wal-Mart Over the past five years，the retailing behemoth has grown sales by over 80% , profits by over 100%，and yet the stock price has fallen as much as 30% during that timeframe. Clearly, the valuation picture has changed An investor that read the annual reportback in 2000 or 2001 might have passed on the security，deeming it too expensive based on ametric such as the price to earnings ratio. Today，however, the equation is completelydifferent~despite the stock price,Wal-Mart is, in essence, trading at half its former price becauseeach share is backed by a larger dividend, twice the earnings power, more stores，and a bigger infrastructure. Home Depot is in much the same boat，largely because some Wall Street analysts question how fast two of the world's largest companies can continue to grow before their sheersize slows them down to the rate of the general economy.Coca-Cola is another excellent example of this phenomenon. Ten years ago，in 1996, the stock traded between a range of $36.10 and $54. 30 per share. At the time, it had reported earningsper share of $ 1. 40 and paid a cash dividend of $ 0. 50 per share. Corporate per share book valuewas $ 2. 48. Last year, the stock traded within a range of $ 40.30 and $ 45. 30 per share；squarely in the middle of the same area it had been nearly a decade prior! Yet，despite the stagnant stock price，the 2006 estimates Value Line In?vestment Survey estimates for earnings per share stand around $2. 16 (a rise of 54% )，the cash dividend has more than doubled to $ 1.20, book value is expected to have grown to $ 7. 40 per share (a gain ofnearly 300% )，and the total number of shares outstanding (未偿付的，未完成的）has actually decreased, from 2. 481 billion to an estimated 2, 355 billion due to the company's share repurchase program.16. This passage is probably a part of ?A. Find Hidden Value in the MarketB. Become RicherC. Get Good BargainsD. Identify Good Companies17. The italicized word“stagnant'，(line 3，Para. 1) can be best paraphrased as ?A. prominentB. terribleC. unchangedD. progressing Wal-Mart is now trading at a much lowerprice because .A. it has stored a large quantity of goodsB. it has become financially more powerfulit has been eager to collect money to prevent bankruptcyC.D. it is a good way to compete with other retailing companies19. All the following are shared by Wal-Mart and Coco-Cola EXCEPT ?A, The cash dividend has increased. B. The earning power has become stronger.C Both businesses have continued to grow^ D. The stock price has greatly decreased20. According to the author，one had better ?buy more shares when the stock price falls down A.sell out the shares when the stock price falls downB.do some research on the value of a business when its stock price falls down C.invest in the business when its stock price falls down D.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage ：Today's college students are more narcissistic(自恋的）andself-centered than their predecessors, ac?cording to a comprehensive new study by five psychologists who worry that the trend couldbe harmfiil to personal relationships and American society.u We need to stop endlessly repeating ‘You're special' and having children repeat that back”，said the study's lead author，Professor Jean Twenge of San Diego State Un iversity, “Kids are self-centered enough al?ready “Unfortunately，narcissism can also have very negative consequences for society, including the breakdown of close relationships with othars”，he said The study asserts that narcissists “are more likely to hav e romantic relationships that areshort-lived，at risk for infidelity, lack emotional warmtb，and to exhibitor game-playing，dishonesty, and.over-controlling and violent behaviors，，. Twenge, the author of “Generation Me：Why Today's Young Americans Are More Confident, Assertive, Entitled~and MoreMiserable Than Ever Before”，said narcissists tend to lack empathy，react aggressively to criticism and favor self-promotion over helping others*Some analysts have commended today's young people for increased commitment to volunteerwork But Twenge viewed even this phenomenon skeptically，noting that many high schoolsrequire community service %and many youths feel pressure to list such endeavors on college* applications.Campbell said the narcissism upsurge seemed so pronounced(非常明显的）that he was unsure if there were obvious remedies. “Permissiveness seems to be a component”，he said “A potential antidote would be more authoritative parenting* Less indulgence might be called for”Yet students, while acknowledging some legitimacy to such findings, don't necessarily accept negative generalizations about their generation.Hanady Kader，a University of Washington senior，said she worked unpaid last summer helping resettle refugees and considers many of her peers to be civic-minded But she is dismayed (气傻；灰心、）by the com?petitiveness of some students who seem prematurely focused on careerstatus* “We，re encouraged a lot to be individuals and go out there and do what you want, and nobody should stand in your way”，Kader said “I can se e goals and ambitions getting in the wayof other things like relationships”.Kari Dalane，a University of Vermont sophomore, says most of her contemporaries are politically active and not overly self-centered “People are worried about themselves—^but in the senseof where are they're go?ing to find a place in the world”，she said “People want to look their best, have a good time, but it doesn't mean they're not concerned about the rest of the world”；Dalane said.，Besides, some of the responses on the narcissism test might not be worrisome“It would be more depressing if people answered, 4 No, I'm not special，，，?21. According to the passage，a narcissistic person may -，A. hate criticismB. be dishonest to his/her partnerC, be unwilling to help others D；All the above22. The italicized word “commended”(line 1, Para. 3) meansA. praisedB. criticized C recommended D. disfavored23. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Narcissism may result in bad consequences-B. College students are active to participate in volunteer work.C. Some people doubt whether there are remedies to counter the narcissism upsurge.D. Some college students are overly engaged in self-promotion.24. It is implied that ?A. both the researchers and college students are worried about the trend of narcissismB. the researchers and college students disagree on the findings of the studyC. the researchers and college students disagree on some of the findings of the studyD. college students are pessimistic about their future25- It is proper to be when you hear someone say “I，m special'A. objectiveB. pessimistic C optimistic D. worriedQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage：The House is expected to pass a piece of legislation Thursday that seeks to significantly rebalance the playing field for unions and employers and could possibly reverse decades of decliningmembership among private industries* 4iThe Employee Free Choice Act would allow a union to be recognized after collecting 狂majorityof vote cards，instead of waiting for the National Labor Relations Board to oversee a secret ballot election，which can occur more than 50 days after the card vote is completed Representatives of business on Capitol Hill oppose the bill The National Association of Manufacturers, The National Federation of Independent Business，the U. S, Chamber of Commerce and other business groups oppose the shift away from secret ballots saying the change could threaten the privacy of the workers. “This isn't about preventing increased unionization, it's about protecting rights”，said the National Associa?tion of Manufacturer's Jason Straczewski, of his organization's opposition to bill Straczewski says elimina?ting thesecret-ballot step would open up employees to coercion (强迫：胁迫）from unions,Samuel of the AFL-CIO contends the real coercion comes from employers. “Workers talking to workers are equals while managers talking to workers aren't”，Samuel said He cites the 31,358 cases of illegal em?ployer discrimination acted on by the National Labor Relations Board in 2005. Samuel also points out that counter to claims from the business lobby，the secret ballot wouldnot be e- liminated The change would only take the control of the timing of the election out ofthe hands of the em?ployers. “On the ground，the difference between having this legislation and not would be the difference be?tween night and day”，said Richard Shaw of the HarrisCounty Central Labor Council, who says it would have a tremendous impact on the local level.The bill has other provisions (规定，条款）as well. The Employee Free Choice Act would also impose binding arbitration(仲裁）when a company and a newly formed union cannot agree on a contract after 3 months. An agreement worked out under binding compulsory arbitration wouldbe in effect for 2 years，a fact that Straczewski calls, “borderline unconstitutional”. “I don，t see how it will benefit employees if they're locked into a contract”? said Straczewski The bill's proponents point to the trend of recognized unions unable to get contracts fromunwilling em?ployers. The Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service, the organization that oversees arbitration, reported that in 2004，45 percent of newly farmed unions were denied first contracts by employers. The bill would also strengthen the penalties for companies that illegally coerce or intimidate employees- As it stands，the law on the books hasn't changed substantially since the National Labor Relations Act was made into law in 1935. The NLBR can enforce no other penalty than reinstating wrongfully fired employees or recovering lost wages.26* Which of the following statements best summarizes the main idea of the passage?A. House bill aipis to spur labor union growth.B. House bill aims to counter labor union growth,C. Employee Free Choice Act aims to spur employmentD. Employee Free Choice Act aims to raise employees，income.27. According to its opponents, the bill .A. will protect employees，rightsB. will benefit workers by binding contractsC. will empower unions too muchD. makes it possible for employees to yield to coercion from unions28. The word “it”(line 4，Para 5) refers to ?A. the changeB. the legislation C the AFL-CIO D. the difference29. People support the bill because of the following reasons EXCEPT .A. the bill will probably enable unions to have fewer members of private industries*B. the bill will allow a union to be recognized earlier and have a great effect on the local level.C. binding arbitration will be imposed to protect employees if a contract can，t be agreed oa between cently estabUshed union and a company,D. the bill will strengthen the punishment for companies which illegally coerce or threaten employees.30. It is implied that ?A. fewer private industries joined unions in the past workers' coercion often comes from unionsC. the bill will be a win-and-win one for employees and employersD. punishment authorized by the bill will be lighterQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage：Some African Americans have had a profound impact on American society, changing many pe叩le，s views on race，history and politics. The following is a sampling of African Americans whohave shaped soci?ety and the world with their spirit and their ideals.Muhammad Ali Cassius Marcellus Clay grew up a devout Baptist in Louisville, Kentucky, learningto fight at age 12 after a police officer suggested he learn to defend himself Six years later, he wasan Olympic boxing champion，going on to win three world heavyweight titles. He became knownas much for his swagger (耻髙气扬）outside the ring as his movement in it，converting to Islamin 1965，changing his name to Muhammad Ali ￡uid refusing to join the U- S. Army on religious grounds. Ali remained popular after his ath?letic career ended and he developed Parkinson'seven lighting the Olympic torch at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics and conveying the peaceful，diseasevirtues of Islam following the September 11 terrorist attacks* W. E. B, Du Bois Bom William Edward Burghardt Du Bois in 1868，this Massachusetts native wasone of the most prominent，prolific intellectuals of his time. An academic，activist and historian，Du Bois co?founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP),edited “The Crisis”magazine and wrote 17 books, four journals and many other scholarly articles. In perhaps his most famous work, “The Souls of Black Folk”，published in 1903，he predicted “the problem of 20th century [ would be] the problem of the color-line”.Martin Luther King Jr. The Rev. Martin Luther King Jn isconsidered one of the most powerful and pop?ular leaders of the American civil tights movement He spearheaded(带头；作先锋）a massive, nonviolent initiative of marches，sit-ins，boycotts and demonstrations that profoundly affected Americans' attitudes to?ward race relations. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. Malcolm X Black leader Malcolm X spoke out about the concepts of race pride and black nationalism in the early 1960s. He denounced the exploitation of black people by whites and developed a large and dedicated following, which continued even after his death in 1965, Interestin the leader surged again after Spike Lee's 1992 movie “Malcolm X”was releasedJackie Robinson in 1947，Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier by joining the Brooklyn Dodgers, be?coming the first black baseball player in the U. S. major leagues. After retirement frombaseball in 1957，he remained active in civil rights and youth activities. In 1962，he became thefirst African-American to be in?ducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame.31. Which of the following is NOT true about Muhammad Ali?A. He never served in the army.He learned to fight at an early age.C. His popularity decreased after his retirement from boxing.D. He loves peace.32. The italicized word “prolific”(line 2, Par a 3) is synonymous to ?A, smart B. skilled C. productive D. pioneering33. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?A, W. E. B. Du Bois was engaged in the cause of promoting the status of colored people.B. Jackie Robinson was denied by U. Sz major baseball leagues throughout his life.C Martin Luther King Jr. was highly awarded for his contributions to the civil rights movements.D. Malcolm X directly or indirectly inspired interest in leadership even after his deatL34. What is common among the celebrities mentioned in the passage?A. Each achieved enormous success in his/her field and was highly recognizedB. Each was devoted to his/her cause but didn't win recognition until death.C. All were active and famous in several fields in their lifetime.D. All loved peace and remained active in civil rights activities.35. Which of the following can be a title of the passage?A. Life of famous African AmericansB. Influence of famous African AmericansC. Political pioneers ：Icons and intellectualsD. Cultursd pioneers ：Icons and intellectualsPart m Vocabulary (10%)There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part For each sentence there are four：Directionschoices mariced A, B, C and D. Choose the best one that completes the sentence or is nearest in meaning with the underlined word. And then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.36- The building collapsed because its foundation was notstrong enough to the weight of the building.A. subsideB. idealizeC. initiate D, sustain37. The actress was very at the insulting question raised by her opponent at the conference. A, extraterrestrial B. explicit C. indignant D. innovative38* It is known to all that children in this region have strong to swimming in summer because of the hot weather ?A. inclinationB. exposure39. The torch was by a famous athlete at the opening of the sport meeting.A. implementB. deceiveC. exemplifyD. ignited40. These samples have to be in certain kind of chemical water in order to protect them.A. mmiersedB. crispedC. armoredD. arrayed41. Her talk at the seminar clearly from the topic the supervisor expected in the field of sociology.A. alternated B, amplified C. designated D. diverged42. Three years before he returned home from the United States.A. denbtedB. destinedC. elapsedD. enveloped43. A plan needs to be considered and accepted so as to lower the prices in these cities.A. deliberateB. disincentiveC. functionalD. fantastic44. Sometimes in drawing and designing, the sign X the unknown number.A, facilitates B. fascinates C. denotes D. jots45. The speaker was very much by rude words and behavior of the audience in the hall.A. jerkedB. incensedC. lacedD. limped46. The two countries have developed a relation and increased a great deal in foreign trade.A. managerialB. lethal C metric D. cordial47.The doctor's was that she should go and see the specialist in this fieldA. constraintB. counselC. coherenceD. consciousness48.The United Nation Law of the Sea Conference would soon produce an ocean-mining treaty following its declaration in 1970 that oceans were the heritage of mankind.A- unanimous B. abstract C. autonomous D. almighty49. They need to move to new and large apgtfttnents. Do you know of any ones in this area?A. evacuatedB. emptyC. vacantD. vacate50. The bad and damp weather in the hot area would enable the plants to get quickly.A. decomposed B_ denounced C. detached D. deduced51. The government decided to take a action to strengthen the market managementA. diverseB. durableC. epidemicD. drastic52. The local residents were unhappy about the curfew in this region and decided to itA. disgraceB. disguiseC. defyD. distress53. They admitted that they shared the same on the matter.A. potentialityB. sentimentC. postscriptD. subscriptionwith him due to his misbehavior at the meeting yesterday.54. We cannot beA. peckedB. reconciledC. perturbedD. presumed55. Bad traveling conditions had seriously their progress to their destination in that region.A. tugged B_ demolished C. hampered D. destroyedPart IV Cloze (10%)：There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices Directions，C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the marked A, Bcorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Sea rise as a consequence of global warming would immediately threaten that large fractionof the globe living at sea level. Nearly one-third of all human beings live within 36 miles of a coastline. Most of the world's great seaport cities would be 56 : New Orleans , Amsterdam, Shanghai, and Cairo. Some countries —Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, islands in thePacific —would be inundated. Heavily populated coastal areas such as in Bangladesh and Egypt,57 large populations occupy low-lying areas, would suffer extreme 58 .Warmer oceans would spawn stronger hurricanes and typhoons, 59 in coastal flooding,possibly swamping valuable agricultural lands around the world 60 water quality may result as61 flooding which forces salt water into coastal irrigation and drinking, water supplies, and irreplaceable，natural 62 could be flooded with ocean water，destroying forever many of the63 plant and animal species living there.Food supplies and forests would be 64 affected Changes in rainfall patterns would disrupt agriculture. Warmer temperatures would 65 grain-growing regions pole-wards. The warming would also increase and change the pest plants，such as weeds and the insects 66 the crops. Human health would also be affected Warming could 67 tropical climate bringing with it yellow fever, malaria，and other diseases. Heat stress and heat mortality could rise. The harmful68 of localized urban air pollution would very likely be more serious in warmer 69 . Therewill be some 70 from warming. New sea-lanes will open in the Arctic, longer growing seasons further north will 71 new agricultural lands，and warmer temperature will make some of today's colder regions more 72 . But these benefits will be in individual areas. The naturalsystems —both plant and animal—will be less able than man to cope and 73 . Any change of temperature, rainfall，and sea level of the magnitude now 74 will be destructive to natural systems and living things and hence to man as well.The list of possible consequences of global warming suggests very clearly that we must doeverything we can now to understand its causes and effects and to take all measures possible to prevent and adapt to potential and inevitable disruptions 75 by global warming.56. A. ascended B. assaulted C. erased D. endangered57. A. which B. where C. when D. what。
2022年08月清华大学NLP实验室招聘博士后笔试历年高频考点试题答案解析
2022年08月清华大学NLP实验室招聘博士后笔试历年高频考点试题答案解析(图片可自由调整大小)全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹卷一.高等教育法规(共15题)1.教师资格考试科目、标准和考试大纲由（）审定。
A.国务院教育行政部门B.省级教育行政部门C.学校上级教育行政部门D.组织教师资格考试的学校答案：A本题解析：暂无解析2.学生对学校给予的处分不服有权向有关部门提出申诉，对学校、教师侵犯其（）等合法权益，有权提出申诉或者依法提起诉讼。
A.人身权B.财产权C.人身权、财产权D.受教育权答案：C本题解析：暂无解析3.广西真题：由国务院根据宪法和教育法律制定的关于教育行政管理的规范性文件称之为（）。
A.教育行政法规B.教育行政规章C.部门教育规章D.政府教育法规答案：A本题解析：暂无解析4.教师如果对学校或其他教育机构提出申诉，受理申诉的机关为（）。
A.当地人民政府的有关行政部门B.学校或其他教育机构C.主管的教育部门D.信访部门答案：C本题解析：暂无解析5.教育基本法律是由（）制定，调整教育内部、外部相互关系的基本法律准则。
A.全国人民代表大会B.全国人民代表大会常务委员会C.国务院D.国务院教育行政部门答案：A本题解析：教育基本法律是由全国人民代表大会制定，调整教育内部、外部相互关系的基本法律准则。
6.教育法律关系产生、变更和消灭的根据是（）。
A.教育法律规范B.教育法律权利C.教育法律义务D.教育法律事实答案：D 本题解析：教育法律关系的产生、变更和消灭，是需要一定条件或根据的。
这里所说的条件或根据，就是通常所说的教育法律事实。
7.某高校一名大学生，大一、大二两年成绩优秀，大学三年级时因病退学。
对于该学生，学校应当（）。
A.不发任何学业证书B.颁发毕业证书C.颁发肄业证书D.颁发结业证书答案：C本题解析：根据《普通高等学校学生管理规定》，学满一学年以上退学的学生，学校应当颁发肄业证书。
清华大学外国语言学与应用语言学考博真题-参考书-分数线
清华大学外国语言学与应用语言学考博真题-参考书-分数线一、专业的设置吕中舌、张文霞、张为民、崔刚、范文芳、刘世生、杨小璐、何宏华、杨永林的外国语言学与应用语言学，是一个考博热门方向，一方面是因为老师们长期从事此领域的教学和科研工作，对此领域很有造诣，另一方面是因为这一个方向本身有研究的学术价值，并且在社会主义现代化建设的关键时期，这个专业的人才正是是社会所需要的，有很好的就业前景。
二、考试的科目外国语言文学：外国语言学与应用语言学：①102俄语或103日语或104德语或105法语②651现代英语语言文学理论③501综合考试，一般只招收脱产考生。
综合考试以面试为主，分专业方向，注重口头表达。
三、导师介绍吕中舌，女，所在院系：人文学院；专业：文学-外国语言文学类；研究方向：文体学，教学法及教材编写与评估。
代表性著作：《新英语教程（第四版）读写译（第1册）学生用书》《可读性理论与英语教材(清华大学985基目之一)》《清华外语教育论丛(第二辑)》。
代表性论文：体验英语感受快乐收获成功中国学生阅读策略研究,清华大学教育研究,1998计算机与面向21世纪的大学英语教学。
张文霞，女，出生于1964年7月。
1985年毕业于湖北大学外语系，获英语语言文学学士学位。
1987年毕业于清华大学外语系，获应用语言学研究生文凭。
1999年获香港理工大学语言测试学博士学位。
1987年8月开始在清华大学外语系任教，是全国大学外语指导委员会会员、Assessing Writing Journal和“中国英语教学”（Teaching English in China）等杂志编委，现任清华大学人文社会科学学院党委副书记、外文系党总支书记、全国大学外语指导委员会会员、Assessing Writing Journal和“中国英语教学”（Teaching English in China）等杂志编委、《中国ESP研究》专家委员会委员、北京市高等教育学会大学英语教学研究会理事长。
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清华大学计算机语言学专业考博复习资料参考书-育明考博一、清华大学人文学院计算语言学方向考博内容分析（育明考博辅导中心)专业方向招生人数初试内容复试内容050100中国语言文学计算语言学约1人①101英语②287数据结构501综合考试育明考博辅导中心张老师解析：1、清华大学人文学院计算语言学方向考博的报录比平均在5:1左右（竞争较激烈）2、本专业有一位导师：江铭虎3、同等学力考生在初试合格后须加试报考专业两门硕士专业学位课程和自然辩证法。
4、初试英语拉开的分差较小，两门专业课拉开的分差非常大。
要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数。
专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。
5、清华大学考博初试外语中不含听力。
6、学院并不指定外语和专业课复习的参考书。
育明教育考博分校针对清华大学各专业考博开设的辅导课程有：考博英语课程班·专业课课程班·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。
每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。
根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员构建考博成功的基础保障。
（清华大学人文学院考博资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：772678537）二、清华大学人文学院中国语言文学专业历年考博复试分数线（育明考博课程中心）育明考博辅导中心张老师解析：1、人文学院中国语言文学专业共有7个研究方向，各研究方向之间报录比差别还是比较大的。
2、根据最新的信息，学院将会逐步增加硕博连读的名额，减少在职定向读博的名额。
3、初试英语拉开的分差较小，两门专业课拉开的分差非常大。
要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数。
专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。
年份录取成绩要求复试人数/招生人数2014年外语47分、专业课50分综合考试60分19人/14人（不包括骨干计划）2015年外语50分、专业课50分综合考试60分15人/10人（不包括骨干计划）育明教育考博分校针对清华大学各专业考博开设的辅导课程有：考博英语课程班·专业课课程班·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。
每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。
根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员构建考博成功的基础保障。
（清华大学人文学院考博资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：772678537）二、清华大学人文学院中国语言文学专业历年考博复试分数线（育明考博课程中心）育明考博辅导中心张老师解析：1、人文学院中国语言文学专业共有7个研究方向，各研究方向之间报录比差别还是比较大的。
2、根据最新的信息，学院将会逐步增加硕博连读的名额，减少在职定向读博的名额。
3、初试英语拉开的分差较小，两门专业课拉开的分差非常大。
要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数。
专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。
育明教育考博分校针对清华大学各专业考博开设的辅导课程有：考博英语课程班·专业课课程班·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。
每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。
根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员构建考博成功的基础保障。
（清华大学人文学院考博资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：772678537）三、育明考博总结清华大学考博复习策略（育明教育考博课程中心）清华大学考博整体的竞争还是比较大的，平均报录比在10:1左右。
考生在全力备考的同时也必须要重视联系导师的环节，这一点就要求大家如果没有超强的学术成果或者特别的人脉关系还是应该早联系导师，注意联系导师的方式和方法尽量获取有价值的报考信息。
清华大学考博英语复习备考：大部分年份学校考博英语的难度适中，不会像北大和社科院的考博英语那样特别难，但是每年都有大批的考生英语受限。
2015年的考博英语算是比较特殊的一次，很多学院的英语复试线都是下降到了55分。
原因是英语作文的题干中出现了一个比较生僻的单词只是很多的考生作文跑题。
对于大部分考生来讲，在读研期间或者工作之后对英语的学习还是有所放松，想要在有限的复习时间内重新把英语水平回复并且取得一个理想的分数就需要运用到一些高效率的方式方法。
年份录取成绩要求复试人数/招生人数2014年外语47分、专业课50分综合考试60分19人/14人（不包括骨干计划）2015年外语50分、专业课50分综合考试60分15人/10人（不包括骨干计划）考生在英语复习备考中：一方面要加强英语基础的巩固学习，词汇语法的记忆积累，另外阅读量、阅读速度等也都需要加强；另一方面还需要针对学校的考博英语命题特点展开复习备考，提升复习的效率。
历年考博英语真题应当作为第一手的复习资料，通过研究真题可以得到学校出题的题型、分值、难度、考察重点、题目来源等有价值的信息，结合以上分析得出的结论进行复习才会事半功倍有的放矢。
学校在出题时经常会参照研究生英语教学的课程内容以及外院导师所著的英语辅导资料。
此外也会借鉴其他重点院校的一些考博英语试题。
清华大学考博专业课复习备考注意事项：关于清华大学考博专业课方面的复习备考，“信息”和“方向”是最重要的。
专业课信息应当包括一下几方面的内容：第一，关于参考书和资料的使用。
这一点考生可以咨询往届的博士学长，也可以和育明考博联系。
参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
另外，专业知识的来源也不能局限于对参考书的研读，整个的备考当中考生还需要阅读大量的paper，读哪一些、怎么去读、读完之后应该怎么做，这些也会直接影响到考生的分数。
第二，专题信息汇总整理。
每一位考生在复习专业课的最后阶段都应当进行专题总结，专题的来源一方面是度历年真题考点的针对性遴选，另一方面是导师研究课题。
最后一方面是专业前沿问题。
每一个专题都应当建立详尽的知识体系，做到专题知识点全覆盖。
第三，专业真题及解析。
专业课的试题都是论述题，答案的开放性比较强。
一般专业课每科有4-5道大题，考试时间各3小时，会有十几页答题纸，整个的答题和书写量是非常大的。
考生在专业课复习中仅仅有真题是不够的，还需要配合对真题最权威最正统的解析，两相印证才能够把握导师出题的重点、范围以及更加偏重哪一类的答案。
第四，导师的信息。
导师的著作、研究方向、研究课题、近期发表的论文及研究成果，另外就是为研究生们上课所用的课件笔记和讨论的话题。
这些都有可能成为初复试出题的考察重点。
同时这些信息也是我们选择导师的时候的参照依据，当然选择导师是一个综合性的问题，还应当考虑到导师的研究水平、课题能力、对待学生的态度和福利等等。
第五，时事热点话题分析。
博士生导师在选择博士的时候会一般都会偏重考查考生运用基础理论知识来解决现实热点问题的能力，这一点在初试和复试中都有体现。
近几年的真题中都会有1—2道题是联系实际的热点分析。
所以考生在复习备考时就应单多阅读一些本专业本学科的最新研究方向研究成果，权威的期刊上面“大牛们”都在关心、探讨什么话题，以及一些时事热点问题能不能运用本专业的知识来加以解释解决。
四、2016年清华大学考博英语复习资料目录（育明考博课程中心）《2016年清华大学考博英语复习资料》由育明考博的英语辅导专家组共同编写。
该套资料针对清华大学历年考博英语的真题、考察重点、出题形式、出题范围，并结合了清华大学考博英语试命题组老师的著作、上课课件以及清华大学外国语学院考试试题，从而可以在短期内有效地提升广大考生的英语应试能力。
全套资料目录：（一）、2016版《考博英语真题解析》，育明考博编著河北大学出版社出版，北外教授夏岩主编，育明考博资料中心共同编著。
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（二）、考博英语各专项复习资料1.词汇备考资料：（1）考博英语词汇讲义及真题举例（2）博士研究生英语考试大纲重点词汇（3）考博英语高频词汇、短语汇总（4）全国重点院校博士英语词汇真题精选（5）英语教授讲座稿件（考博英语词汇）2.完形填空备考资料：（1）考博英语完形填空讲义及指导练习（2）考博英语完形填空基础夯实练习3.阅读理解备考资料：（1）考博英语阅读理解讲义及指导练习（2）考博英语阅读理解精选精练精讲（中级）（3）考博英语阅读理解精选精练精讲（高级）4.翻译备考资料：（1）考博英语翻译讲义及指导练习（2）考博英语翻译重要方法分析（3）考博英语翻译常见单词和词组的正确处理方式（4）考博英语翻译精讲与强化（5）考博英语翻译致胜押题20篇5.写作备考资料：（1）考博英语写作讲义及指导练习（2）育明老师考博英语作文评分等级点评参考（3）考博英语写作各部分优秀参考公式（4）考博英语优秀范文精选（5）育明优秀学员作文笔记精选及写作模板（6）2015考博英语作文押题35篇（三）、精选考博英语命题可参照院校的考博真题及解析1.北京大学考博英语真题解析（一套）2.清华大学考博英语真题解析（一套）3.复旦大学考博英语真题解析（一套）4.中科院考博英语真题解析（一套）5.厦门大学考博英语真题解析（一套）6.同济大学考博英语真题解析（一套）7.武汉大学考博英语真题解析（一套）（四）、2016年考博英语名师押题及解析（共3套）。