阅读简答题

巧解英语阅读简答题高考英语阅读简答题是一种将阅读理解与书面表达综合在一起的题型，它在检测考生语言知识运用能力的同时，着重测试考生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析和解决问题的能力。

解答阅读简答题，一般可以分为三个步骤：一是通过审题，划出问题的关键词，理解问题内容，把握问题要求；二是速读文章，根据问题关键词定位答题信息；三是推敲理解信息句，遣词组句回答问题。

解题策略1.紧扣文章中心句，确定主旨大意和文章标题（1）主旨大意题考查对语篇的整体理解能力以及分析、推理、归纳等能力。

一般来说，说明文、议论文在文章第一段或最后一段的段首或段尾以主题句的形式呈现主旨，而记叙文则要在把握全篇的基础上进行理解和分析，最后概括出文章的主旨。

例如：（说明文）If your friends are happy, you will probably be happy too. Researchers who studied social networks of more than 5,000 people found that happiness partly depends on the mood of those around you.Professor… carried out the research. They found that…问题：What’s the main idea of the passage?（回答字数不超过10个）点拨：根据说明文特点，我们可以先从第一段找出其中心句“…found that happiness partly depends on the mood of those around you.”然后将中心句进行分析整理为答案：____________ _______________________________________________________________________（2）确定文章标题，其实质是要求对文章做深层次的理解，是文章主旨大意题的一种升华，这类题往往具有概括性、针对性和醒目性。

既要从全局进行归纳总结，又要防止本末倒置，主次不分，以点代面，以偏概全。

另外，标题应该醒目、新颖，以达到吸引读者的目的。

例如：（新闻报道类）There looked to be little relief ahead for farmers in Henan province this week, with experts predicting the severe drought that has starved their crops for more than 120 days will continue.Liu Mancang, vice-governor of the province, had felt raindrops on his face as he walked to his office on Saturday. Hoping it …问题：What is the best title of the passage?（回答词数不超过9个）点拨：新闻题材一般都会在第一段概述主要事件，因此，其中心句一般都会在第一段体现。

先找出第一段信息句“There looked to be little relief ahead for farmers in Henan province this week…”但文章标题一般都不用句子表示，所以要将信息句的关键词找出，然后进行整理。

答案可设计为：_____________________________________________________________2.准确定位细节，紧扣题目，精心提炼，解答细节理解题细节理解题主要考查时间、地点、人物、同义词、反义词、目的、内容等细节问题或难句的理解能力。

做题时应先审清题目要求，用直接定位的方法找到细节出处，再进行适当处理。

例如：Educating girls quite possibly achieves a higher rate of return than investment available in the developing world…Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry somebody else’s family and bear children…问题：What belief does a majority of poor parents in developing countries hold about educating girls?（回答词数不超过6个）点拨：此题属具体细节理解题。

文章第二段内容表明：低收入国家的父母认为对女孩子的教育“得不偿失”，因为女孩不过是“嫁入别人家生儿育女”。

第二段第一句为信息句，但需要整理，答案可设计为：_________________________________________________________ 3.把握全文信息，解答推理判断题推理判断题属深层理解题，与阅读理解题中的推理题一样，其答案在原文中不能找到，要求考生根据文中全部信息，在通篇理解文章的基础上领会作者的言外之意，并做出正确的推理和判断。

例如：There are many famous museums throughout the world where people can enjoy art. Washington D.C., the US, has the National Galley of Art; Paris has the Louver, London, the British Museum. Florida International University (FLU) in Miami, the US also shows art for visitors to see. And it does so without a building, or even a wall for its drawing and paintings.FIU has opened what it says is the first computer art museum in the United States. You don’t have to visit the University to see the art…A computer artist could record his pictures electronically and send the records, or …Robert Shostak says the electronic museum is mainly for art or computer students in schools and universities. Many of the pictures in the museum are made by the students. …问题：What’s the main purpose of this text?（回答字数不超过10个）点拨：该题属于判断写作目的的问题。

通过每段的主旨大意或首句以及贯穿文章始终的museum一词，可知其写作目的是向读者介绍一种新型的博物馆。

答案为：______________ __________________________________________答题技巧1.注意答案和提问方式的协调性①以what开头的问句可用名词性短语或从句回答，一般为名词、动词不定式、动名词、主语从句、表语从句或宾语从句。

Eg. What made Mrs. Black so annoyed?（回答词数不超过8个）Source: All her roses have been stolen.Closest Answer: ________________________________________________________②以why开头的问句一般要用原因状语或原因状语从句来回答，常用because或者becauseof来开头或者用to动词不定式来回答。

Eg. Why was he late?（回答词数不超过10个）Source: The fact that he was caught in the traffic jam might explain his being late.Closest Answer: ________________________________________________________③以how开头的问句可表程度或方式，一般可通过句子或表方式的介词by或者through开头来回答。

Eg. How is running different from jogging to the author?（回答词数不超过14个）Source: I normally jog because I want to look good. I want to run because it makes me feel good. Closest Answer: ________________________________________________________④以when开头的问句在回答的时候要用时间状语或者时间状语从句来回答。

常用来开头的连词有when，介词有at，on，in，before，between，after，during等。

Eg. When may an employee have a feeling of fear in the work place?（回答词数不超过7个）Source: Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term, and tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long term. They will also experience fear.Closest Answer: ________________________________________________________⑤以where开头的问句，回答时要用地点状语或者地点状语从句来回答，常用来开头的连词有where，介词有at，in，on等。