连铸机结晶器振动装置设计

摘要

结晶器是连铸机的心脏部件。它的主要作用就是对结晶器中的钢水提供快速而且均匀的冷却环境，促使坯壳的快速均匀生长，以形成质量良好的坯壳，保证连铸过程正常而稳定的进行。在浇注钢水时，若结晶器静止不动，坯壳容易与结晶器内壁产生粘结，这就增大了拉坯时的阻力，导致出现坯壳“拉不动”或者钢水被拉漏事故发生，很难进行浇注。而当结晶器以一定的规律振动时，这就能使其内壁获得比较良好的润滑条件，从而减少了摩擦阻力又能防止钢水和结晶器内壁的粘结，同时还可以改善铸坯的表面质量，因此结晶器振动装置具有重要的作用。

本文通过对连铸发展历史，以及结晶器振动技术的发展和结晶器振动方式的改进进行了阐述，提出了电液伺服装置驱动，并对其振动规律及工作原理做出了分析。然后绘制了机械简图，并对其工艺参数和运动参数进行了分析计算，最终完成了本次设计。

本文主要的设计内容包括：

1.结晶器振动正弦参数的确定

通过负滑脱量、频率和周期、结晶器运动的速度和加速度以及负滑脱时间的计算，来确定铸坯的工艺参数。

2.结晶器振动装置机械计算

设计校核了双摇杆机构的主要部分，并根据经验推出机架结构。

3.结晶器振动装置伺服系统的设计计算

由系统所需动力选择恰当的液压缸及液压泵。并对系统的辅助原件进行了计算和选择，同时提出了同步回路电液伺服系统。

4.结晶器振动装置的三维设计

关键词：连铸；结晶器；振动装置；振动规律；电液伺服装置

Abstract

The mould is the heart part of continuous casting machine. Its main role is to mould the steel in providing rapid and uniform cooling environment, promote the rapid and uniform shell growth, to form a good quality of billet shell, guarantee the normal and stable for continuous casting process. In pouring molten steel in crystallizer, motionless, shell and the mold wall to produce a cohesive, which increases the casting the resistance, led to the emergence of billet shell" sticks" or molten steel is breakout occurs, it is difficult to cast. When the mould in regular vibration, which can make the inner wall is obtained in comparison with good lubrication condition, thereby reducing the friction resistance and can prevent the molten steel and the inner wall of the crystallizer is bonded, but also can improve the surface quality of billet crystallizer vibration device, therefore has an important role.

Based on the history and development of continuous casting crystallizer vibration technique, development and improvement of crystallizer vibration mode undertook elaborating, put forward to the electro-hydraulic servo device driver, and the vibration regularity and working principle are analyzed. Then draw the mechanical model, and the process parameters and motion parameters are analyzed and calculated, the final completion of the design.

The main design content includes:

1.crystallizer vibration sinusoidal parameters

Through the negative slip quantity, frequency and cycle, mold movement velocity and acceleration and negative strip time calculation, to determine the process parameters of casting billet.

2.The device of vibration of crystallizer mechanical calculation

Design of the double rocker mechanism the main part, and according to the experience introduction of frame structure.

3.The device of vibration of crystallizer of servo system design

By the system the power required by the proper selection of hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic pump. And the system of auxiliary components were calculated and selected, simultaneously proposed synchronous electro-hydraulic servo system.

4.dimensional design of crystallizer vibration device