基于机器视觉的非接触尺寸测量技术研究
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基于机器视觉的非接触尺寸测量技术百度文库究
摘要
伴随着科学的快速腾飞，以机器视觉为基础的非接触性尺寸测量发法在工业领域里实现了十分普遍的运用用，该方法非接触、时效性强、效率高、受外界影响小，并且精确性特别好。机械零件的尺寸测量在工业生产的过程里属于十分重要的部分，测定结果的迅速程度和可信度直接关系到产品的效果以及工作的进度。但是先前的测量技术早就无法达到工业生产中对产品规格检测的迅速程度和可信度的规定，因此作者提出了以机器视觉为基础的非接触尺寸测定的方法，从而达到产品规格的快速及准确的测定。
Secondly, the measurement system uses the gray transform, image filtering,binarization,edge detection in the image pre-processing technique. In the image pre-processing, analysis and comparison of several different smoothing effect, proposed a modulus maximade-noising algorithm based on wavelet transform,analysis and comparison ofseveral different image edge detection effect, proposed a multi-scale edge detection algorithm based on wavelet transform.Topropose the improvement algorithms with regard to the Hough transform.This paper uses MATLABas image processing software,and set up the measurement system software platform using the GUIDE editor GUI interface provided by MATLAB.Thus,the image processing software includes size comparison,the judgement defective sorting and other functions, and proposed a calibration method for the measurement system.
Firstly, tostudy the various hardware performance parametersandbuilda hardware system. According tothe needs of the subject to select the right hardware, and build a measurement system hardware platform. The hardware part of the measurement system is mainly composed of test bench,CCDcamera, the lens, acquisition card and computer.
首先，通过研究各个硬件的性能参数，选择了合适的硬件，并搭建了测量系统的硬件平台。这个测定系统的基础设施一般包括图像收集设备、实验操作区、CCD摄影仪、镜头、和电脑等部件。
然后，灰度转变、图像滤波、二值化、边缘测定等预先处理方法也被用于这种测定技术。图片的预先处理部分，对比剖析了多种多样的滤波方法，总结出以小波转变为基础的模极大值去噪方式，同时还一一描述介绍了多种的图片边缘测定方法，总结出以小波转变为基础的多尺度边缘测定方式。此外，作者还详细描述和剖析Hough方式，同时还给出了自己的优化建议。作者通过Matlab里所带有的GUIDE界面编辑功能，以GUI为基础构造出该检测系统的软件设施，使其具备了处理图片所用到的多个计算方式以及规格鉴定的能力。
based on machine vision technology research
ABSTRACT
With the development of science and technology，Non-contact dimensional measurement based on machine vision technology research has been very widely used in industrial production, with the character of non-contact, real-time, rapid, strong anti-interference ability and high precision. The dimensional measurement of mechanical parts is an important part of industrial production, the speed and accuracy of their test results have a direct impact on the production quality and production efficiency.Butthe traditional measurement methodscannot meetthe requirements of mechanical parts dimensional measurement with high accuracy and speed in modern industrial production, sothis paper proposes anon-contact dimensional measurement system based on machine vision, to achieve accurate andspeed measurement.
之后，作者通过对该系统的多次实践检验，研究了具体的调查数据，剖析了测定结果的误差原因，进而总结出尽量消除误差的策略。研究结果显示，以机器视觉为依据的非接触尺寸测的方法完全达到了理想的效果，在工业领域可以做到对产品规格测定的高效性和可信度的规定。
关键词：机器视觉，非接触测定，尺寸测定，图像处理
Non-contact dimensional measurement
摘要
伴随着科学的快速腾飞，以机器视觉为基础的非接触性尺寸测量发法在工业领域里实现了十分普遍的运用用，该方法非接触、时效性强、效率高、受外界影响小，并且精确性特别好。机械零件的尺寸测量在工业生产的过程里属于十分重要的部分，测定结果的迅速程度和可信度直接关系到产品的效果以及工作的进度。但是先前的测量技术早就无法达到工业生产中对产品规格检测的迅速程度和可信度的规定，因此作者提出了以机器视觉为基础的非接触尺寸测定的方法，从而达到产品规格的快速及准确的测定。
Secondly, the measurement system uses the gray transform, image filtering,binarization,edge detection in the image pre-processing technique. In the image pre-processing, analysis and comparison of several different smoothing effect, proposed a modulus maximade-noising algorithm based on wavelet transform,analysis and comparison ofseveral different image edge detection effect, proposed a multi-scale edge detection algorithm based on wavelet transform.Topropose the improvement algorithms with regard to the Hough transform.This paper uses MATLABas image processing software,and set up the measurement system software platform using the GUIDE editor GUI interface provided by MATLAB.Thus,the image processing software includes size comparison,the judgement defective sorting and other functions, and proposed a calibration method for the measurement system.
Firstly, tostudy the various hardware performance parametersandbuilda hardware system. According tothe needs of the subject to select the right hardware, and build a measurement system hardware platform. The hardware part of the measurement system is mainly composed of test bench,CCDcamera, the lens, acquisition card and computer.
首先，通过研究各个硬件的性能参数，选择了合适的硬件，并搭建了测量系统的硬件平台。这个测定系统的基础设施一般包括图像收集设备、实验操作区、CCD摄影仪、镜头、和电脑等部件。
然后，灰度转变、图像滤波、二值化、边缘测定等预先处理方法也被用于这种测定技术。图片的预先处理部分，对比剖析了多种多样的滤波方法，总结出以小波转变为基础的模极大值去噪方式，同时还一一描述介绍了多种的图片边缘测定方法，总结出以小波转变为基础的多尺度边缘测定方式。此外，作者还详细描述和剖析Hough方式，同时还给出了自己的优化建议。作者通过Matlab里所带有的GUIDE界面编辑功能，以GUI为基础构造出该检测系统的软件设施，使其具备了处理图片所用到的多个计算方式以及规格鉴定的能力。
based on machine vision technology research
ABSTRACT
With the development of science and technology，Non-contact dimensional measurement based on machine vision technology research has been very widely used in industrial production, with the character of non-contact, real-time, rapid, strong anti-interference ability and high precision. The dimensional measurement of mechanical parts is an important part of industrial production, the speed and accuracy of their test results have a direct impact on the production quality and production efficiency.Butthe traditional measurement methodscannot meetthe requirements of mechanical parts dimensional measurement with high accuracy and speed in modern industrial production, sothis paper proposes anon-contact dimensional measurement system based on machine vision, to achieve accurate andspeed measurement.
之后，作者通过对该系统的多次实践检验，研究了具体的调查数据，剖析了测定结果的误差原因，进而总结出尽量消除误差的策略。研究结果显示，以机器视觉为依据的非接触尺寸测的方法完全达到了理想的效果，在工业领域可以做到对产品规格测定的高效性和可信度的规定。
关键词：机器视觉，非接触测定，尺寸测定，图像处理
Non-contact dimensional measurement