新概念二册语法总结

新概念二册语法总结

1. 被动语态（二）

will/must/can/would/could/have to be done

have/has been done

must have been done

drive 用法

home/house

2. 介词用法：见书

3. 复习

there be句型

it做为虚主语可以用来表示时间，天气，温度，距离，人或指代一个句子或不定式。

4. Summary of Unit two

5. 并列句

我们可以将几个简单句连在一起,组成并列句,常用以下连词:

and, but, so, yet, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but …as well, not only…but also

主谓一致:

当主语由and , both…and 连接时,通常用复数谓语. Both the girls and the boy are his friends.

当主语由neither… nor, either…or, not only…but also或or 连接时,谓语动词与nor, or, but also后面的一致,在英语语法中，这被称为就近一致.

Neither he nor I am going to the airport.

Not only Mary but also her parents have gone abroad.

6. 一般现在时的复习,状态动词,标点符号的使用. 以下一些动词很少用与进行时态:

appear(看起来), appreciate(鉴赏), believe(相信), feel(感觉到), forget(忘记), hear(听见), know(知道), like(喜欢), look like(看起来像), notice(注意到), remember(记得), resemble(形似), see(看到), think(认为), understand(理解), have(拥有),love(爱), seem(看起来), show(显示), mind(介意), sound(听起来), hate(讨厌), detest(憎恨), desire(意欲),

引号:

引号位于一行之上,应该在句尾其他标点符号, 如逗号,句号,问好之外.

引语的第一个词以大写字母开头.

在said, asked, 等词后面用逗号,只有当它们位于句尾时才在它们后面用句号.

当said, asked等词置于引语之间时,句子的后半部分

以小写开头.

当一个新的说话人开始讲话时, 要另起一个段落.

7. 复习一般过去时/不规则过去式和过去分词

常用不规则动词过去式和过去分词在英语里约有300多个

put up(搭建), put out(扑灭), put on(穿上), put sb. up(为某人安排住宿), put up with(容忍), put down(抄写), put off(推迟), put away(放好，放到一边去)

8. 现在完成时复习/定语从句(见复合句部分)

l 与现在完成时连用的时间副词:

yet, just, before, recently, lately, ever, never,

so far(迄今为止), up till now(直到现在), up to now(直到现在), since(自从), for a long time(很长时间), in the past/in the last few years(在过去的几年里), these days(目前),

l 某些非延续性动词(动作开始变终止的动词), 在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间状语搭配:

例如:die, arrive, join, leave, go, refuse , fail, finish, buy, marry, divorce, awake, buy, borrow, lend, 这些动词并非不能用在现在完成时,而是不能接由for引导的时间状语.但是用在否定句中，非延续动词的现在完成时可以与表示一段时间的状语连用.

Jane has gone away for a month. (wrong)

Jane has been away for a month.(right)

His father has died for two years. (wrong)

His father has been dead for two years.(right)

has gone to (去了某地,指人还在那里), have been to (去过某地, 人已经不在那里了)。

9. 一般过去时对比过去完成时,现在分词/过去分词

refuse/deny, bring/take/fetch, very/too

10. 冠词用法

定冠词用法

(1)特指

(2)地理名词前加定冠词

l 河流the yellow river

l 山脉the Alps, the Himalayas

l 海峡海湾the Taiwan Straits, the English Channel

(3)由普通名词构成的专有名词前要加定冠词

l 国名及政治组织名the United States, the United Kingdom

l 某些机构学校及建筑名the British Museum l 由普通名词构成的报刊杂志名the New York