新概念英语第二册语法总结：定语从句.doc
(全)新概念英语第二册语法详解：倒装句+定语从句+It的用法
新概念英语第二册语法详解：倒装句+定语从句+It的用法倒装句知识要点：英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”。
如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为“倒装”。
一、倒装的类型1.完全倒装：整个谓语移至主语之前。
Out rushed the students to welcome the foreign friends.2.部分倒装：只把系动词，情态动词，助动词或表语放在主语之前。
Seldom does he go to school late.二、倒装结构的基本用法1、由于语法结构的需要而使用的倒装1) 疑问句中，用完全或部分倒装，但以疑问词或疑问词修饰的名词作主语的疑问句要用正常语序Where did he go last Monday?Are you listening to the radio?2) “there be”结构中，There are three wells in our village.There stands a big paper making factory by the river.3) 在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up down等副词开头的句子中，使用完全倒装结构。
但如果主语是代词则用正常语序。
There goes the bell.Now comes your turn to playDown she went.4) 在以neither nor 或no more开头的句子中，表示“……也不这样”，neither 和nor意思相同，可以替换使用；no more表示动作的程度并不比前面提到的稍强，意为“也不……”。
I can’t swim, nor (neither) can she .He hasn’t been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there. He did not turn up. No more did his wife.5) 用在as（尽管）引导的让步状语从句中,从属连句as用于特殊语序，含义与though, although相同，但“as”这种结构可表示非常强烈的对照，必须用倒装（表语提前）。
新概念第二册语法知识点汇总
新概念第二册语法知识点汇总一、时态。
1. 一般现在时。
- 用法：- 表示经常的或习惯性的动作。
例如：He often gets up at six o'clock.（他经常六点钟起床。
）- 表示客观事实或普遍真理。
The earth moves around the sun.（地球绕着太阳转。
）- 结构：- 主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it等）时，动词要加 -s或 -es。
如：She likes reading.（她喜欢阅读。
）- 主语为其他人称时，动词用原形。
I play football every weekend.（我每个周末踢足球。
）2. 一般过去时。
- 用法：- 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
I saw him yesterday.（我昨天见到他了。
）- 结构：- 动词一般用过去式，规则动词的过去式一般在词尾加 -ed，如：work - worked。
不规则动词有特殊的过去式形式，如：go - went，see - saw。
3. 现在进行时。
- 表示现在正在进行的动作。
Look! She is dancing.（看！她正在跳舞。
）- 结构：- be动词（am/is/are）+动词的 -ing形式。
He is reading a book.（他正在读一本书。
）4. 过去进行时。
- 用法：- 表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。
At that time yesterday, I was doing my homework.（昨天那个时候，我正在做家庭作业。
）- 结构：- was/were+动词的 -ing形式。
They were playing football at threeo'clock yesterday afternoon.（他们昨天下午三点正在踢足球。
）5. 现在完成时。
- 用法：- 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have lost my key.（我把钥匙丢了。
新概念英语第二册语法知识点汇总
新概念英语第二册语法知识点汇总本文档将对《新概念英语第二册》中的语法知识点进行汇总。
以下是该册教材中的重要语法知识点：1. 时态- 现在完成时：表示过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响，构成为"have/has + 过去分词"。
- 过去完成时：表示过去某个时间或事件之前发生的动作或状态，构成为"had + 过去分词"。
- 将来进行时：表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作，构成为"will be + 动词-ing"。
2. 句型- There be句型：表示某处存在某物或某人，构成为"There + be 动词 + 宾语"。
- 虚拟语气：表示与事实相反的假设、愿望或建议的语气，构成为"if + 主语 + 过去式，主语 + would/could/might + 动词原形"。
3. 名词- 可数名词与不可数名词：可数名词可以同时使用单复数形式，而不可数名词只能使用单数形式。
- 复合名词：由两个或更多个词构成的名词，如"homework"、"football"等。
4. 冠词- 定冠词：表示特指的冠词，如"the"。
- 不定冠词：表示泛指的冠词，如"a/an"。
5. 代词- 主格代词：在句子中作主语，如"I"、"you"等。
- 宾格代词：在句子中作宾语，如"me"、"you"等。
- 物主代词：表示所属关系的代词，如"my"、"your"等。
6. 动词- 不定式：表示动作的动词原形，可以作主语、宾语等，如"to eat"。
- 动词的时态变化：根据不同的时态，在动词前加不同的助动词，如"is/am/are"表示现在进行时。
新概念英语第二册：第30课课文详解及语法解析.doc
新概念英语第二册：第30课课文详解及语法解析课文详注 Further notes on the text1.The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. 威尔河是横穿过我家附近公园的一条小河。
在这句话中，that引导的定语从句修饰 a small river，关系代词that在从句中作主语。
地点状语 near my home修饰 thepark。
2.I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons. 我喜欢在天气晴朗的下午到河边坐坐。
(1)by在此处表示“在……旁边/近旁”。
(2)afternoon为复数形式，表示经常性的情况，所以谓语为一般现在时。
因为afternoon前面有修饰词，所以要用介词on。
morning，evening与它的用法一致。
试比较：He came to the office in the afternoon.他下午去了办公室。
He met John on Sunday/on a fine afternoon.他在星期天/在一个晴朗的下午遇见了约翰。
Will you come to the meeting this/tomorrow afternoon?你来参加今天/明天下午的会吗?(在this ,tomorrowr ,yesterday等前面不加介词)This happend on the afternoon of May22.这事发生于5月22日下午。
(请注意在the afternoon of May22之前要用介词on)3.…it went towards a passing boat.……球便向着一只划过来的小船飞去。
(1)go在此处不是指人“走”，而是指球“行进”。
(2)passing为现在分词，作定语，表示“经过的”、“划过来的”，如a passing plane(一架飞过的飞机)。
新概念二Lesson29定语从句详细讲解
roof/ru:f/ 1) n. 房顶, 车顶, 顶部 pl. roofs Eg. Although parted, they continued to live under the same roof. hit the roof 大发雷霆 raise the roof 闹翻了天 have no roof over one’s head = have no place to live in 没有地方住 2) n. 最高处 the roof of the world 世界屋脊 the roof of the mouth 上颚 under sb’s roof 在某人家做客, 寄人篱下
England首府: London(同时也是整个英国的首都)
Scotland首府: Edinburgh/'ednbɜ:rə/ 爱丁堡
Wales首府: Cardiff/'kɑ:dɪf/ 加迪夫
Northern Ireland首府: Belfast/'belfæ st/贝尔法斯特
First listen and then answer the question.
英国包括英格兰england苏格兰scotlandsk?tl?nd威尔士waleswe?lz和北爱尔兰northernireland四个部分其中englandscotlandwales同属于greatbritain大不列颠而northernireland在地理上与其它三部分分开属于爱尔兰但是在1921年的独立战争后被分割出来现在归英国爱尔兰和其本身的代表议会共同管理
a deserted area 无人地区
a deserted child 被抛弃的孩子
dessert/dɪˈz ɜ:t/ n. 饭后甜点
plough/plaʊ/ v. 用犁耕
新概念2第77课(定语从句)
They've known each other since 1970.自从1970年起他们就相互认识了。
since, for, ago
Since 用来说明动作起始时间 for用来说明动作延续时间长度
I have lived here for more than twenty years. I have lived here sin深邃意蕴的特殊事物。
mark 普通用词，指便于辨认而
做的标记，或自然形成的标记斑
mark on 在…上做记号
点。
hit the mark 打中目标；成功 signal 指为某一目的而有意发
Eg: 商品上都标有价格
出的信号。
Prices are marked on the goods.
2）强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。 She has always been working like that.她一贯是这样工作的。
3）现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。 We’ve been seeing quite a lot of each other recently. 最近我们经常见面。
由公元前三百年到公元前四百年 from 300 B.C. to A.D. 400
As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease.
①The man who/that is speaking at the meeting
is a worker.
《新概念英语第二册》语法总结
《新概念英语第二册》语法总结一、冠词The Article知识要点：冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。
冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。
a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。
the是定冠词。
一、不定冠词的用法1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。
这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。
如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple.2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。
如：He borrowed a story-book from the library.A Wang is looking for you. 一位姓王的同志正在找你。
3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。
如：I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.4、用于某些固定词组中。
如：a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。
5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。
如：This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。
It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。
It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。
新概念英语第二册语法总结(K12教育文档)
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新概念英语二册语法详解和总结《一、学习前的准备《新概念英语第二册》旨在全面训练学生的4项技能、理解、口语、阅读、写作。
使学生具有使用语言的能力。
一般来说,具有以下知识便可进入《新概念英语第二册》的学习：1、动词be与have现在时与过去时的基本用法。
2、现在进行时，能够识别并懂得如何构成。
3、一般现在时：能够识别；懂得动词第3人称单数上添加—s, -es, 或—ies后缀。
4、一般过去时：能够识别并会运用常见的规划动词与不规则动词的一般过去时形态。
5、过去进行时：能够识别.6、现在完成时（一般）:能够识别。
7、过去完成时：能够识别。
8、将来时：能够认识并运用going to, shall与will构成将来时。
9、助动词：can, may与must的基本用法;能够识别could, might与would 的形式。
10、能够用do/does/did等助动词造疑问句与否定句;能运用疑问代词与副词。
11、能够回答以助动词与疑问词开头的问句。
12、副词:能够用-ly与—ily后缀组成副词；能够识别well， hard， fast 等特例。
13、冠词：定冠词与不定冠词。
懂得a/an/the的基本用法；some， any，no， much, many, a lot of 接可数、不可数名词的用法。
新概念2定语从句
新概念2定语从句新概念2 定语从句定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。
下面是店铺为大家收集整理的新概念2 定语从句相关内容，欢迎阅读。
一、定语从句的引导词1、一共有9个：who, whom , whose, that, which, when,where, why, as与名词从句相比：定从不能由what和how引导；which的含义改变；定从内部的介词可以放引导词前。
2、引导词的功能有哪些？（1）引导定语从句（2）代替先行词在定语从句中充当一个成分。
（先行词在从句中不再出现）二、定语从句的关键1、首先，要能判断出该从句是什么从句：（1）放句首没有用逗号分开的，一般是主语从句，也有可能是状语从句，但从句结束后若有体现时态变化的动词，则一定是主语从句。
（2）放及物动词后，若及物动词不是被动语态，后面一定是宾语从句；若该及物动词是被动语态，后面一般是主语从句（It+ is + adj/n./done+that/whether/when…）或状语从句。
（3）放be动词后，后面一定是表语从句，但“It is/was + 从句(被强调成分) + that”是强调句（强调句中“非谓语”）。
（4）放名词后，一般是定语从句，但若该名词有“内涵/内容”(fact/truth/news/information/ problem/suggestion)，则很可能是同位语从句。
（5）用逗号分开的从句，一般是状语从句或as/which引导的定语从句，也要注意用放在句中用逗号分开的“插入语”(however, for example,believe it or not等)。
2、其次，判断出是定语从句后可以用“三个优先”法做题：（1）优先选择含whose的选项，能与空格后的名词构成“某人的某物”搭配，一般就是答案；（2）优先选择含介词的选项，然后看该介词与从句中的谓语是否能构成符合逻辑的搭配；（3）用逗号分开的定从，优先考虑as和which,若该空能翻译为“一件事”而从句意思是通顺的，则放句首就用as,句末用which(若该空能翻译为“如同”“像…一样”则应用as)3、再次,做定语从句题可以用“三问法”来检测是否出错：（1）先行词本身是否为特殊的词？way+ in which/that/省略指物的不定代词：anything, one, some,many, a lot, all, both, that等 + that指人的不定代词或数词：one, those, anyone, two等 + who既有人又有物： + that“抽象的地点”condition, situation,case, point + where“抽象的时间”one’s stay/visit + when在特定语境中可以作“地点/位置”理解的词：trousers/ sleeves + where（2）先行词前面有无特殊的词？有不定代词修饰：all/every/little/much+ …+ that有最高级/序数词修饰：the best/second … + that有just the/ the very/ the only/ the last等修饰：+ that有who/which疑问词：+ that(避免重复)有the same/ such/ as修饰：一般+ as（注意：①第一个as是否为一个以as结尾的搭配，如r egard…as；②区分such…as（定从）与such …that“如此…以至于”）（3）先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分？注意：从句中spend后的“时间”，以及visit后的“地点”，不是状语，而是宾语，应该用不定代词4、只能用that引导定语从句有哪些情况？先行词前为all, everything, nothing,something, anything, little, much等不定代词时；先行词前有：all, every, no, some, any,little, much, few等不定代词修饰时；先行词被序数词修饰时；先行词被形容词最高级修饰时；先行词前only, just, very, last有等修饰时；先行词是表示人和物混杂的两个名词时；主句是以who, which,开头的疑问句或先行词是疑问代词时；在修饰时间、地点等先行词时，只有用that代替when, where等引导词；【例】I'll never forget the Sunday (that) you first arrived.Do you know anywhere (that) I can get a drink ?先行词为reason, way (意为“方法”)时，常用that 代替why,which, in which，也可省略。
新概念2定语从句最佳版
定语从句一、弄清关系代词所指及其在定语从句中所充当的句子成分。
1．先行词指物时，用关系代词that／which在从句中作主语或宾语。
如：He bought a coat that／which cost little．他买了一件便宜上衣。
（作主语）The car which ／that he bought yesterday is a second-hand one．他昨天买的车是个二手货。
（作宾语）2．先行词指人时，用关系代词that／who在从句中作主语或宾语（在口语中，代替whom）。
如：The man who ／that gave a speech on TV is the president．昨天在电视上演讲的人是总统。
（作主语）This is the strange man that／who／whom I met yesterday．这就是我昨天碰到的那个怪人。
（作宾语）3．whose在从句中作定语，既可指人，作“某（些）人的”解；也可指物，作“某（些）物的”解。
如：This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake．这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。
We live in a house whose windows open to the south．我们居住在一所窗户朝南的房子里。
理清上述关系还能帮助我们判断定语从句谓语动词的单复数。
又如：He is one of the students who work hard．他是学习努力的学生之一。
（who指先行词the students）He is the only one of the students who goes abroad．他是学生中唯一出国的。
（who 指先行词the only one）（一）、只用which的情况1、在定语从句中作介词的宾语且置于介词之后。
高一英语《新概念英语第二册》语法精粹（含习题） 定语从句
《新概念英语第二册》语法精粹一、定语从句1．定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关联词。
2．定语从句在选择关连词that 与which时，常常容易出错，所以应记住什么时候只能用that，什么时候只能用which.（1）．只能用 that 的情况归纳4种：即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过；先行词为all 、everything、nothing等不定代词；先行词同时是人和物并列时；最后先行词分别被the only 、the very the same、the last 修饰。
请看下列四组例句，注意其先行词：①．The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan .②．I t almost seemed as if the good man were trying to teach us all that he knew at this lesson .③．Later my father and Mr.Crosset talked for about half an four of things and persons that they remembered in school.④．This is the very dictionary that I want to find .（2）．只用which is 情况有两种情况：一是非限制性定语从句，关连词要用which；二是做介词宾语时只能用which。
请看下列两组例句：I said nothing , which made him more angry .I have the book about which you are talking .三、在定语从句的非限制性定语中，which 和as 是容易混淆的。
在很多情况下两者兼可互换，但在下列情况中不可互换：1、通常As 可以放在整句的句首，而which，只能在逗号之后，as 本身含有“正如”，as 在定语从句中既可是主语也可做宾语As appear from her paper ,she has read widely in Romantic literature.She is remarkable, as I have told you .2、 which 在做非限制性定语从句关联词时可以无明确先行词，指前句整个的意思，如：she has warried again,which surprises us .四、在定语从句中，许多人往往分不清all that 和what,what 实际上只引导名词性从句，它相当于all that两个字，例如：All that I know is that he has made up his mind to heave the country for a new place. = what I know is that ……一、限定性定语从句：注：先行词是time, minute, moment, next tim很少用关系副词when,可用that 但通（3）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别【专项训练】1．Football is a very interesting game , is played all over the world．A．that B．which C．it D．who2．Is there anything else you require?A．which B．that C．who D．what3．The last place we visited was the Great Wall．A．which B．that C．where D．it4．He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school．A．which B．who C．it D．that5．The reailway tunnel,though the train goes, will be completed soon．A．which B．that C．it D．whom6．His uncle works in a factory bicycles are made．A．that B．which C．where D．there7．There is no dictionary you can find everything．A．that B．which C．where D．in that8．Next month, you’ll spend in your hometown is coming．A．which B．that C．when D．where9．Next month, you’ll be in your hometown is coming．A．which B．that C．when D．where10．I often thought of my childhood , I lived on a farm．A．which B．where C．when D．who11．He wanted to know the time he needed to know ．A．that B．when C．where D．what12．There isn’t so much noise in the country in big cities．A．that B．which C．where D．as13．They could only read such stories had been rewritten in simpleEnglish ．A．that B．which C．as D．what14．The stems of bamboo are hollow makes them very light．A．which B．as C．that D．it15．Crusoe’s dog hecame ill and died , made him very lonely ．A．as B．which C．that D．this16．They’ve invited me to their party , is kind of them．A．as B．which C．That D．this17． we know now ,bats come out only at night ．A．As B．Which C ．That D．What18．John got beaten in the game , had been expected ．A．as B．that C．what D．who19． has been said above ,grammar is a set of dead rules．A．Which B．What C．That D．As20．Do you know the reason he was late?A．that B．which C．for what D．for which21．He built a telescope he could study the skies．A．in which B．with that C．through which D．by it 22．I have bought two ballpens , writes well ．A．none of which B．neither of which C．none of them D．neither of them23．There are two thousand students in our school , are girls ．A．of whom two thirds B．two -thirds of them C．two -third in them D．two -thirds in which24．Do you know the man ?A．whom I spoke B．to who I spoke C．I spoke to D．that I spoke 25．The factory we’ll visit next week isn’t far from here ．A．where B．in which C．which D．to which26．This is one of the best films this year．A．have been shown B．that have shown C．that have been shown D．which has been shown27．Can you lend me the book the other day ?A．you talked about B．about that you talked C．that you talked D．which you talked28．Is there any one in you class family is in the city ．A．who B．who’s C．which D．whose29．I’ll never forget the days we stayed together．A．when B．in which C．which D．what30．Is some German friends visited last week ?A．this school B．this the school C．this school one D．this school where31．I’ll tell you he told me last month ．A．all which B．all what C．that all D．all32．Do you know the reason she got so angry yesterday?A．for why B．for that C．which D．why33．I still remember the day she first wore that pink dress．A．which B．in which C．on that D．on which34．I’ll show you a store you may buy all you need ．A．in which , / B．where , which C．which , that D．that , that 35．Winter is the time of year the days are short and nights are long．A．where B．when C．that D．on which36．The train she was travelling was late．A．which B．on which C．for which D．on that37．The second World War millions of people were killed ended in 1945．A．during which B．in that C．where D．on which38．Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn ?A．that B．/ C．which D．it39．This is the best hotel in the city I know ．A．which B．that C．where D．it40．I’ve read all the books were borrowed from the library ．A．that B．/ C．which D．they41．The scientist and his achievements you told me about are admired by us all．A．which B．who C．that D．whose42．S he hasn’t got enough money to buy the rings ．A．which B．that C．with which D．for which43．Finally came the day he bad to beging his study for the next term．A．which B．since C．that D．till44．We hope to get such a tool he is using ．A．which B．as C．that D．where45．Is there anything to you ．A．that is belonged B．that belongs C．which belongs D．that belong 46．You can take any seat is free ．A．which B．where C．that D．in which47．The old woman has two sons ,one is a teacher．A．of them B．of which C．of whom D．of who48．My hometown is no longer the same it used to be ．A．which B．as C．that D．like49．You may take anything useful ．A．you want B．what you want C．you want them D．which you want 50．He tore up my photo and upset me ．A．that B．it C．which D．what51．During the days , he worked as a servant at the Browns．A．followed B．following C．to follow D．that followed52．The beautiful dress Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers ．A．that B．wearing which C．worn by D．in which53．The clever boy made a hole in the wall , he could see what was going on inside the house．A．in which B．through which C．at which D．on which54．The brave man , the tiger was shor is a good bunter．A．by which B．by whom C．by that D．of whom55．The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp ．A．with which B．with it C．with that D．which【答案】：1 B2 B3 B4 D5 A6 C7 C8 A9 C10 C11 A 12 D 13 C 14 A 15 B 16 B 17 A18 A 19 D 20 D21 C 22 B 23 A 24 C 25 C 26 C 27 A28 D 29 A 30 B31 D 32 D 33 D 34 A 35 B 36 B 37 A38 A 39 B 40 A41 C 42 C 43 C 44 B 45 B 46 C 47C48 B 49 A 50A51 D 52 D 53 B 54 B 55 A。
新概念第二册 L28 定语从句
Who: 1.Jasper is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.2. The man who/whom I served was wearing a hat.3. The lady who is standing behind the counter served me.4. I have so many friends to whom I am going to send postcards. Whose:1.he is the man whose car was stolen last night.2.pls pass me the book whose cover is green.That:1.This is the photo that/which I took.2.The picture that/which we are studying was drawn by afifteen-year-old boy.3.Here is a coat which/that will be made for you.4.This is the factory that/which we visited last year.5.Who is the person that is teaching you English.Which1.The river which runs through the center of the city brings us lots ofpleasure.2.This is the book which/that you are looking for.3.I’l l never forget the time in which we stayed together.只用that 而不用which的情况：1.There is nothing that will stop us making progress.2.This is the only problem that we can’t work out../3he first thing that my brother is going to do is to write a letter this afternoonThis is the most interesting book that I have ever read.3.Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great.The photo reminds me of the people and things that I met with.4.Which is the picture that you drew yesterday?Which is the book that you like best?只能用which 而不用that1.The tree under which we used to take a rest has been cut down.The room in which the old live needs repairing2. I don’t take that which is too experience.。
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新概念英语第二册语法总结：定语从句新概念英语第二册语法总结定语从句知识要点一、定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that, which, who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where, when, why 等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法1.that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。
例如Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. 玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
（that作主语）The coat that I put on the desk is blue. 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
（that作宾语）2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。
例如The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. 位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。
（作主语）The film which we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
（作宾语）3.who, whom用于指人，who用作主语，whom 用作宾语。
在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。
例如The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。
（作主语）Who is the teacher whom Li Ming is talking to 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁（作宾语）注意（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who, that, which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词which/whom”结构。
例如This is the house in which we lived last year. 这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel. 请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。
例如This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。
（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。
例如The city that she lives in is very far away. 她居住的城市非常远。
（4）关系词只能用that的情况a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
b. 被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which。
例如Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗 c. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。
例如This is the same bike that I lost. 这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which。
例如I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如Who is the girl that is crying 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁f. 主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况a. 先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that。
例如What s that which is under the desk 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么 b. 关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。
例如This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
c. 引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that。
例如Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
五、关系副词的用法（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。
例如This was the time when he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。
（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。
例如This is place where he works. 这是他工作的地点。
（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。
例如Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
六、which 和as 在定语从句的非限制性定语中，which 和as 是容易混淆的。
在很多情况下两者兼可互换，但在下列情况中不可互换（1）通常as 可以放在整句的句首，而which 只能在逗号之后，as 本身含有“正如”，as 在定语从句中既可是主语也可做宾语。
As appear from her paper, she has read widely in Romantic literature. She is remarkable, as I have told you . （2）which 在做非限制性定语从句关联词时可以无明确先行词，指前句整个的意思，如She has warried again, which surprises us.七、all that 和what 在定语从句中，许多人往往分不清all that 和what，what 实际上只引导名词性从句，它相当于all that 两个字，例如All that I know is that he has made up his mind to heave the country for a new place. What I know is that he has... 【专项训练】1．Football ______ is a very interesting game , is played all over the world. A．that B．which C．it D．who 2．Is there anything else ______ you require A．which B．that C．who D．what 3．The last place ______ we visited was the Great Wall. A．which B．that C．where D．it 4．He talked happily about the men and books ______ interested him greatly in the school. A．which B．who C．it D．that 5．The realway tunnel, through ______ the train goes, will be completed soon. A．which B．that C．it D．whom 6．His uncle works in a factory ______ bicycles are made. A．that B．which C．where D．there 7．There is no dictionary ______ you can find everything. A．that B．which C．where D．in that 8．Next month, ______ you’ll spend in your hometown is coming. A．which B．that C．when D．where 9．Next month, ______ you’ll be in your hometown is coming. A．which B．that C．when D．where 10．I often thought of my childhood, ______ I lived on a farm. A．which B．where C．when D．who （后设答案，大家不要偷看哦*__* 嘻嘻）KEYS 1 B 2 B 3 B 4 D 5 A 6 C 7C 8 A 9 C 10 C。