2017新课标高考英语阅读理解 细节理解主旨大意(归纳法)解题 附带答案

高三英语阅读理解---主旨大意（查找、归纳法）解题

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高考英语阅读理解考纲关于阅读理解部分考纲要求：

阅读部分要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

高考英语阅读理解常见的设题形式有： 细节理解题、推理判断题、词意猜测题、主旨大意题。阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题Facts（文章中客观存在的事实，客观题的答案一般都可以在原文中找到，即文中的具体事实或者抽象概念。）和主观理解题（Opinions）（这类问题不可能直接从原文中找到答案，需要通过阅读文章对文章主旨和深层含义有更深的理解，并据此进行判断和推理。）

今天主要处理的是主旨大意（归纳法）解题。

阅读策略：主旨大意（查找、归纳法）解题

一篇文章一般表达一个中心或主题。这个中心或主题通常用一个句子来概括，此句叫主题句，这类题主要考查读者把握全文内容或理解中心思想的能力，也包括分析归纳文章段落大意、重要情节、人物特征、写作特点的能力。一般说来说明文和议论文都有主题句，而且多位于文章的开头，有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。但有时不能直接在文章中直接找到主题句，在弄清段与段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容，具有高度的综合性和概括性，文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步的解释、说明、论证或拓展。

常见的主旨大意题的考查形式：

The text is mainly about ____.

The main idea/The general idea/The main purpose is ______.

What would be the best title /headline for the text?

This article mainly tells about the story of ____.

What is the topic of the text?

The subject discussed in this text is ____.

What does the second paragraph discuss?

The paragraph (passage) deals with _____.

What is mainly discussed in the text?

主旨大意范例

1.Today the problem of environment has become more and more serious. The world population is rising, so quickly that the world has become too crowded.

We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time

we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals.

The main idea of the paragraph is ________.

2. When you are poor, you can also say you are very happy, because you have something else that can' t be bought with money. When you meet with difficulties, you can say loudly you are very happy, because you have more chances to challenge yourself. So you should always say you are happy.

The topic sentence of the paragraph is________________

3. Some people like reading, and some people like swimming. I have many hobbies, such as reading, skating, and traveling. In fact, different people have different hobbies. My friend Ann studies very hard. So her hobby is reading all kinds of books. Tony loves working

with her hands, and his hobby is gardening.

The main idea of the paragraph is ________.

4. Going green seems to be fad(时尚)for a lot of people these days. Whether that is good or bad, we can’t really say, but for the tow of us, going green is not a fad but a lifestyle.

On April22, 2011, we decided to go green every single day for an entire year. This meant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond easy things. Rather than recycle and reduce our energy, we had to think of 365 different green things to do and this was no easy task.

What might be the best title for the passage?

A．Going Green. B．Protecting the Planet.

C．Keeping Open-Minded D．Celebrating Our Green Year.

5. 自己需要归纳总结类的主旨类阅读理解

Everyone’s at it, even my neighbors. I thought I might be the only person left in the world who hadn’t done an eBay deal. So, I decided to try my hand at online auction(网上拍卖).

Buying for beginners: Sign up on www. ehay. co. uk. Most items (e. g. tables, computers, and books) ready for auction will come with a picture and a short description; others may be marked with “Buy It Now” and have a fixed price. You can buy these right away.

If the item is being auctioned, you offer the highest price you are prepared to pay and eBay bids (出价) for you. The bid will be increased little