英语歌曲看语法
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从英文歌曲《Yesterday Once More》探
求英语语法的学习
下面把这首歌中出现的英语语法现象逐一进行分析:
When I wasyoung,(when做连词,引导时间状语从句,此处引出一般过去时态以及be动词的过去式中第一人称单数的形式)
注释:when常与以下结构连用: 1.be doing+ when表示“正在做某事。。。突然。。。” Iwas doing my homework when the light went out. 我正在写作业突然停电了。 2.be about to do sth+ when表示“正要做某事。。。突然。。。” I was avout to go out when the telephone rang. 我正外出电话就响了。 3.had done +when表示“刚做完某事。。。突然。。。” I had just entered the house when it began to rain. 我刚进门就下雨了。
I’d listen to the radio,(would做助动词的用法,表示过去的习惯性动作或倾向)waiting for my favorite songs.(现在分词waiting做状语,表示对动词listen 的伴随;wait for sth.短语动词搭配)When they played I’d sing along.(1) (同第一句,出现一般过去时态动词变化的一般形式;along做副词小品词的用法)It made me smile.(It指代前面谈到的情况的用法;make做使役动词的用法:make sb.do)Those were such happy times,(Those代表前面提到的复数名词的用法;be动词的过去式中复数人称的形式出现;指示代词such修饰名词的用法,times 做可数名词的用法)
注释:so与such都有“如此、这么、那么”的意思,可进行同义改写,但用法不同。
1. so是副词,修饰形容词和副词;而such是形容词,修饰名词。它们后面接单
数可数名词时,词序不同。
so的词序为:so+ adj. + a(an) + n.
such的词序为:such +a(an) +adj. + n.
它们可以表达同样的意思,因此它们可以进行同义改写。
so nice a coat =such a nice coat 这么漂亮的一件外套
so interesting a book = such an interesting book 那么有趣的一本书
补给站:后面接复数名词或不可数名词时,只能用such,而不能用so.如:
such beautiful flowers 这么美丽的花
such clever children 如此聪明的孩子
但是,复数名词或不可数名词前有many,few,much,little修饰时,只能用so 而不能用such,这是一种固定用法。如:
so many books 这么多书
so few people 这么少的人
so much money 那么多的钱
so little milk 那么少的牛奶
2. 和“that”连用时,意思基本一样,但句型结构不同。“so…that…”句型结
构为:
so + adj. (adv.) +that…
so + adj. +a(an)+单数n. +that…
so +many(few)+复数n. +that…
so +much(little)+不可数n. +that…如:
This book is so interesting that I have read it three times. 这本书如此有趣,我已经看了三遍。
He spoke so fast that we couldn‘t understand him. 他说得太快,我们都未能听懂他的话。
It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything. 天气很热,谁都不想干活。
There were so many people that we could hardly move on. 这么多人,我们简直无法继续往前走。
“such…that…”句型结构为:
such + a (an)+adj. +单数n. +that…
such + adj. +复数n. +that…
such +adj. +不可数n. +that…
She is such a pretty girl that everyone likes her. 她是个很可爱的小姑娘,大家都喜欢她。
They are such delicious cakes that I want to eat another two. 这么可口的蛋糕,我还想再吃两块。
It is such sweet milk that we all want to drink it. 这么香的牛奶,我们都想喝。
补给站:由于so 和such后跟单数可数名词时,可以换用,同样“so…that…”
与“such…that…”也可以进行同义句改写。如上文中:This book is so
interesting that I have read it three times. 可改写成:This is such
an interesting book that I have read it three times.
It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything. 可改写成:It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.
3. so与that可以直接构成词组“so that”,引导目的和结果状语从句,表示“以
便、以致”的意思。如:
He worked hard so that he could pass the exams. 为了能通过考试,他学习很认真。(但such没有这种用法)
time 1,次数为可数名词 four times
2,时间为不可数名词 what`s the time?
3 times在作“时代”意义的时候本身就是复数的形式
and not so longago.(2) (并列句的省略用法;副词so修饰形容词的用法) How I wondered where they’d gone.How引导的感叹句做主句
注释:感叹句通常有what, how引导,表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。
what修饰名词,how 修饰形容词,副词或动词,感叹句结构主要有以下几种:
掌握它的搭配,即掌握了感叹句的重点。
How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序
How+形容词或副词+ 陈述语序
What +名词+ 陈述语序
What+a+形容词+名词+ 陈述语序
What+ 形容词+复数名词+ 陈述语序