英语专业四级语法
专业四级考试词汇语法详细解答10套
Test Two关于used to的意义和用法used to （只有过去时形式，没有现在时形式）表示过去习惯动作或状态，这种情况现已不复存在。
例如：He used to smoke a lot, but he has long give n up smok ing.在否定陈述句或否定疑问句中，用didn ' t use t或usedn' t t均可：He didn ' t use to smoke cigarettes.He usedn ' t to smoke cigarettes.Didn ' Maria use to be interested in the theatre ?Usedn' t Maria to be interested in the theatr?在肯定疑问句中也可有两种形式：Used you to go to the same school as Edward ?Did you use to go to the same school as Edward ?近义词辨析use, apply, avail, employ, utilize这组词均含有使用”或利用”之意。
use强调利用人或物作为工具。
He used up all his resources in experime nti ng with the new paint. 他为实验新的涂料，花光了一切钱财。
apply指把某物或某种方法、原理等加以应用。
We should not only know the theory but also know how to apply it to practice. 我们不仅要知道理论，还要知道怎样把理论应用于实践。
avail指使用就近的或他人给予的东西，或使别人为自己提供服务。
I don ' t think complaints will avail you much我觉得抱怨对你没多大用处。
最新[英语考试]英语专业四级考试 语法词汇知识幻灯片课件
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D. are not long distances 6. 与冠词的搭配
___ London of Dicken’s time come to ___ in his books.
A. The, / B. /,/ C. /, the D. The,the
代词
The city council ___ meeting to discuss the point. A. is B. are C. was D. were ❖ 4) a committee,etc. of + 如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用
❖ 3．具体考查重点为以上项目中的特殊用法，不 常用的情况
❖ 2．习惯用法如：confess to／set about／be used to＋doing； be supposed to／have／ make sb．＋do
❖ 3．由同一动词构成的短语如：come，go，set， break，put
It takes ___ to build a road
A. a lot of machine B. a lot of machinery
C. much machines D. much machineries ❖ 3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词如: audience,
committee, class, crew, family, public, government
A. / B. that of C. which is D. of
❖ 5. 表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、 容积等度量的名词短语做主语时，谓语用单数。 Ten miles ____ in such a large city.
英语专业四级历年语法试题(含答案)
英语专业四级历年语法试题虚拟语气部分1. If you _____ in such a hurry, you _____ sugar into the sauce instead of salt. (TEM4-1992-50)A. were not, would not putB. were, would putC. had been, would have putD. had not been, would not have put2. _____ their help, we would not have succeeded. (TEM4-1992-55)A. Hadn’t been forB. Had not it been forC. It hadn’t been forD. Had it not been for3. She asked that she _____ allowed to see her son in police custody. (TEM4-1993-50)A. would beB. could beC. beD. was4. _____ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work. (TEM4-1994-53)A. UnlessB. But forC. Except forD. Not for5. It was recommended that passengers _____ smoke during the flight. (TEM4-1994-58)A. notB. need notC. could notD. would not6. _____ you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with questions. (TEM4-1994-62)A. If I realizedB. Had I realizedC. I realizedD. As I realized7. _____, he would not have recovered so quickly. (TEM4-1995-65)A. Hadn’t he been taken good care ofB. Had he not been taken good care ofC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care of8. I _____ the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there. (TEM4-1996-43)A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. could have enjoyedD. will be enjoying9. He left orders that nothing _____ touched until the police arrived there. (TEM4-1997-43)A. should beB. ought to beC. must beD. would be10. I was to have made a speech if _____. (TEM4-1997-51)A. I was not called awayB. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called awayD. nobody called me away11. If your car _____ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to authorized dealer. (TEM4-1998-43)A. shall needB. should needC. would needD. will need12. If you have really been studying English for so long, it’s about time you _____ able to write letters inEnglish. (TEM4-1999-49)A. should beB. wereC. must beD. are13. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _____ quite such a crowd of people there.(TEM4-2000-49)A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. will need14. _____ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. (TEM4-2002-50)A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not15. “What courses are you going to do next semester?”“I don’t know. But it’s about time _____ on something.” (TEM4-2002-51)A. I’d decideB. I decidedC. I decideD. I’m deciding16. _____ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand? (TEM4-2004-44)A. Would you be surprisedB. Were you surprisedC. Had you been surprisedD. Would you have been surprised17. It is imperative that students _____ their term papers on time. (TEM4-2004-46)A. hand inB. would hand inC. have to hand inD. handed in18. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _____ able to advise you much better than I can.(TEM4-2005-51)A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were19. If only I _____ play the guitar as well as you! (TEM4-2006-52)A. wouldB. couldC. shouldD. might20. It’s high time we _____ cutting down the rainforests. (TEM4-2006-54)A. stoppedB. had to stopC. shall stopD. stop21. It is imperative that the government _____ more investment into the shipbuilding industry.(TEM4-2006-59)A. attractsB. shall attractC. attractD. has to22. If only the patient _____ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alivenow. (TEM4-2007-54)A. had receivedB. receivedC. should receiveD. were receiving23. It is absolutely essential that William _____ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.(TEM4-2007-65)A. will continueB. continuedC. continueD. continues24. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn. (TEM4-2009-52)A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been一、非谓语动词部分1.The compositions contained so few errors that the teacher got the students _____ one another’s papers.(TEM4-1992-58)A. correctB. to correctC. correctingD. to be correcting2. I don’t like _____ bills but when I do get them I like _____ them promptly. (TEM4-1992-60)A. to get, payingB. getting, to payC. to get, to payD. getting, paying3. I never regretted _____ his offer, for it was not where my interest lay. (TEM4-1993-53)A. not to acceptB. not having acceptedC. having not acceptedD. not accepting4. Arriving at the bus stop, _____ waiting there. (TEM4-1994-52)A. a lot of people wereB. he found a lot of peopleC. a lot of peopleD. people were found5. _____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first. (TEM4-1994-55)A. Not receivedB. Since receivingC. Having receivedD. Not having received6. The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars _____ the most important of these.(TEM4-1994-57)A. have beenB. areC. beingD. are being7. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder _____out and three men climbing down it. (TEM4-1995-52)A. throwingB. being thrownC. having thrownD. having been thrown8. He resented _____ to wait. He expected the minister _____ him at once. (TEM4-1995-53)A. to be asked, to seeB. being asked, to seeC. to be asked, seeingD. being asked, seeing9. This missile is designed so that once _____ nothing can be done to retrieve it. (TEM4-1995-63)A. firedB. being firedC. they firedD. having fired10. _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (TEM4-1996-42)A. HavingB. GivenC. GivingD. Had11. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, _____ insufficiently popular with allmembers. (TEM4-1996-45)A. having consideredB. was consideredC. was being consideredD. being considered12. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid _____.(TEM4-1996-48)A. from being beatenB. being beatenC. beatingD. to be beaten13. _____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room. (TEM4-1996-51)A. There wasB. SinceC. BeingD. There being14. _____, he can now only watch it on TV at home. (TEM4-1998-45)A. Obtaining not a ticket for the matchB. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchC. Not having obtained a ticket for the matchD. Not obtained a ticket for the match15. The Clarks haven’t decided yet which hotel _____. (TEM4-1998-49)A. to stayB. is to stayC. to stay atD. is for staying16. _____enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.(TEM4-1998-51)A. GivingB. To giveC. GivenD. Being given17. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country _____ bythe police each time. (TEM4-1999-42)A. had been capturedB. being always capturedC. only to be capturedD. unfortunately captured18. Professor Johnson is said _____ some significant advance in his research in the past years.(TEM4-1999-43)A. having madeB. makingC. to have madeD. to make19. There _____ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an earlier.(TEM4-2000-45)A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. be20. _____ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn't seem so gloomy.(TEM4-2000-51)A. LookingB. LookedC. Having lookedD. To look21. Even as a girl, _____ to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her teachers. (TEM4-2001-42)A. performing by Melissa wereB. it was known that Melissa's performances wereC. knowing that Melissa's performances wereD. Melissa knew that performing was22. _____ him tomorrow? (TEM4-2001-43)A. Why not to call onB. Why don't call onC. Why not to calling onD. Why not call on23. ______ is not a serious disadvantage in life. (TEM4-2001-51)A. To be not tallB. Not to be tallC. Being not tallD. Not being tall24. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ____ by far the cereal crop. (TEM4-2003-41)A. isB. beenC. beD. being25. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _____ for that.(TEM4-2003-47)A. for us to be preparedB. that we are preparedC. of us to be preparedD. our being prepared26. Time _____, the celebration will be held as scheduled. (TEM4-2003-48)A. permitB. permittingC. permittedD. permits27. If not _____ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all thetime. (TEM4-2004-45)A. being treatedB. treatedC. be treatedD. having been treated28. The minister of finance is believed _____ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.(TEM4-2004-48)A. that is thinkingB. to be thinkingC. that he is to thinkD. to think29. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, _____ the spoilt ones. (TEM4-2006-63)A. not countingB. not to countC. don’t countD. having not counted30. Linda was _____ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.(TEM4-2007-54)A.to startB. to have startedC. to be startingD. to have been starting31. It is not uncommon for there _____ problems of communication between the old and the young.(TEM4-2007-63)A. beingB. would beC. beD. to be32. _____ at in this way, the situation doesn’t seem so desperate. (TEM4-2007-64)A. LookingB. LookedC. Being lookedD. To look33. What does “He wisely refused to spend his money” mean? (TEM4-2008-59)A. It was wise of him to refuse to spend his money.B. He refused to spend his money in a wise manner.C. He was short of money and didn’t want to buy anything.D. He refused, in a wise manner, to spend his money.34. What a nice day! How about the three of us _____ a walk in the park nearby?(TEM4-2009-51)A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. to be taking35. "It seems that she was there at the conference." The sentence means that (TEM4-2009-62)A. she seems to be there at the conference.B. she seemed to be there at the conference.C. she seems to have been there at the conference.D. she seemed to being there at the conference.36. "The man preparing the documents is the firm's lawyer" has all the following possible meaningsEXCEPT (TEM4-2009-65)A. the man who has prepared the documents...B. the man who has been preparing the documents...C. the man who is preparing the documents...D. the man who will prepare the documents...三、动词时态和语态1. When I arrived at the meeting, the first speaker _____ and the audience _____. (TEM4-1992-47)A. had finished speaking, were clappingB. had finished speaking, had clappedC. finished speaking, clappedD. finished speaking, were clapping2. The doctor is feeling the little girl’s pulse. He says it _____ normal. (TEM4-1992-51)A. feelsB. is feelingC. has feltD. is felt3. I _____ writing the paper as scheduled, but my mother’s illness interfered. I hope you will excuse me.(TEM4-1993-54)A. am to have finishedB. was to have finishedC. was to finishD. ought to finish4. How can I ever concentrate if you _____ continually _____ me with silly questions? (TEM4-1997-41)A. have …interruptedB. had …interruptedC. are…interruptingD. were…interrupting5. Mr. White works with a chemicals import & export company, but he _____ for the industrial fair, sincehe is on leave. (TEM4-1997-44)A. has workedB. worksC. has been workingD. is working6. For some time now, world leaders _____ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.(TEM4-2002-43)A. had been pointingB. have been pointingC. were pointingD. pointed7. The experiment requires more money than _____. (TEM4-2002-49)A. have been put inB. being put inC. has been put inD. to be put in8. Jack _____ from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. (TEM4-2003-42)A. has been missingB. has been missedC. had been missingD. was missed9. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _____ until yesterday. (TEM4-2005-54)A. will comeB. was comingC. had been comingD. came10. _____ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen. (TEM4-2005-55)A. I was and always will beB. I have to be and always will beC. I had been and always will beD. I have been and always will be11. That was not the first time he _____ us. I think it’s high time we _____ strong actions against him.(TEM4-2005-60)A. betrayed…takeB. had betrayed…tookC. has betrayed…tookD. has betrayed…take12. The student said there were a few points in the essay he _____ impossible to comprehend.(TEM4-2006-55)A. has foundB. was findingC. had foundD. would find13. The committee has anticipated the problems that _____ in the road construction project.(TEM4-2007-58)A. ariseB. will ariseC. aroseD. have arisen14. The student said there were a few points in the essay he _____ impossible to comprehend.(TEM4-2007-59)A. had foundB. findsC. has foundD. would find15. He would have finished his college education, but he _____ to quit and find a job to support his family.(TEM4-2007-60)A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have16. In his plays Shakespeare ______ his characters live through their language. (TEM4-2008-63)A. would makeB. had madeC. madeD. makes四、情态助动词的用法1.The door was open.It _____ open. I had locked it myself and the key was in my pocket. (TEM4-1992-48)A. can’t beB. mustn’t beC. can’t have beenD. mustn’t have been2. – I bought this shirt for 35 yuan yesterday.– It’s on sale today for only 30. You should have waited.– Oh really? But how _____ I know? (TEM4-1993-48)A. wouldB. canC. didD. do3. She must be in the dormitory now.No, she _____ be there. I saw her in the classroom a minute ago. (TEM4-1994-59)A. mustn’tB. can’tC. couldn’tD. wouldn’t4. He _____ the 8:20 bus because he didn't leave home until 8:25. (TEM4-1994-64)A. couldn’t have caughtB. ought to have caughtC. shouldn’t have caughtD. must not have caught5. The meeting has been cancelled. Ann _____ all that work. (TEM4-1995-55)A. need to doB. need haveC. needn’t have doneD. needed not to do6. We could _____ him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked a small flat.(TEM4-1995-62)A. provideB. have providedC. not provideD. not have provided7. As it turned out to be a small house party, we ______ so formally. (TEM4-1996-49)A. need not have dressed upB. must not have dressed upC. did not need to dress upD. must not dress up8. You _____ Mark anything. It was none of his business. (TEM4-1998-52)A. needn’t have toldB. needn’t tellC. mustn’t have toldD. mustn’t tell9. He _____ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. (TEM4-1999-48)A. may have actedB. must have actedC. should actD. would act10. Much as _____ I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that much spare cash.(TEM4-1999-52)A. I would have liked toB. I would like to haveC. I should have to likeD. I should have liked to11. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I _____ the journey in exactly two days.(TEM4-2005-57)A. must makeB. must have madeC. was able to makeD. could make12. _____ you _____ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice. (TEM4-2005-63)A. If, hadB. Have, hadC. should, haveD. In case, had13. Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone _____ an opportunity to hear the speech.(TEM4-2006-56)A. ought to haveB. must haveC. may haveD. should have14. I am surprised _____ this city is a dull place to live in. (TEM4-2006-57)A. that you should thinkB. by which you are thinkingC. that you would thinkD. with what you were thinking15. “You _____ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend. (TEM4-2007-53)A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can16. She _____ fifty or so when I first met her at the conference. (TEM4-2007-53)A. must beB. had beenC. could beD. must have been17. Had Jud been more careful on the maths exam, she _____ much better results now.(TEM4-2008-52)A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get18. Which of the following sentences expresses “probability”? (TEM4-2008-52)A. You must leave immediately.B. You must be feeling rather tired.C. You must be here by eight o’clock.D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.19. She _____ fifty or so when I first met her at a conference. (TEM4-2009-53)A. had beenB. must beC. has beenD. must have been20. Aren't you tired? I ____ you had done enough for today. (TEM4-2009-61)A. should have thoughtB. must have thoughtC. might have thoughtD. could have thought五、主从复合句和某些连接用语的用法1. We could go to a concert _____ you’d prefer to visit a museum. (TEM4-1992-49)A. ifB. becauseC. unlessD. since2. _____ their policy can be changed, the future for that country will be indeed bleak. (TEM4-1993-46)A. Even ifB. UnlessC. Now thatD. As long as3. She said she would work it out herself _____ ask me for help. (TEM4-1993-47)A. and not toB. but notC. and prefer notD. rather than4. David Singer, my friend’s father, _____raised and educated in New York, lived and lectured in Africa most of his life. (TEM4-1993-57)A. whoB. ifC. whileD. though5. My Scottish friend says there is _____ monster in Loch Ness. (TEM4-1993-58)A. no such thing asB. no such thing as aC. no such a thing asD. no such a thing as a6. We can assign the task to _____ is capable and trustworthy. (TEM4-1994-54)A. whomeverB. whoC. whomD. whoever7. Only take such clothes _____ really necessary. (TEM4-1994-61)A. as wereB. as they areC. as they wereD. as are8. _____ is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals. (TEM4-1994-65)A. ThatB. ItC. ThisD. As9. _____ I was very much mistaken, there was something wrong with Louise. (TEM4-1995-58)A. UnlessB. AsC. ThoughD. Since10.You won’t get a lo an _____ you can offer some security. (TEM4-1996-41)A. lestB. in caseC. unlessD. other than11. The brilliance of his satires was__ _________ make even his victims laugh. (TEM4-1996-52)A. so as toB. such as toC. so thatD. such that12. The physicist has made a discovery, _____ of great importance to the progress of science andtechnology. (TE44-1997-45)A. I think which isB. that I think isC. which I think isD. which I think it is13. _____, he is ready to accept suggestions from different sources. (TEM4-1997-46)A. Instead of his contributionsB. For all his notable contributionsC. His making notable contributionsD. However his notable contributions14. The team can handle whatever ____ _____ . (TEM4-1997-47)A. that needs handlingB. which needs handlingC. it needs handlingD. need be handled15. Come and see me whenever ___________ _____. (TEM4-1997-48)A. you are convenientB. you will be convenientC. it is convenient to youD. it will be convenient to you16. It was as a physician that he represented himself, and ______________ he was warmly received.(TEM4-1997-49)A. as suchB.such asC. as that.D.so that17. I have never been to London, but that is the city _____. (TEM4-1997-50)A. where I like to visit mostB. I’d most like to visitC. which I like to visit mostlyD. where I’d like most to visit18. She remembered several occasions in the past _____ she had experienced a similar feeling.(TEM4-1998-42)A. whichB. beforeC. thatD. when19. _____ he needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank.(TEM4-1998-48)A. Much asB. Much thoughC. As muchD. Though much20. His strong sense of humor was _____ make everyone in the room burst out laughing.(TEM4-1998-50)A. so as toB. such as toC. so thatD. such that21. After _____ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager's office.(TEM4-1999-41)A. that.B. thereC. whatD. it22. It is not so much the language_____ the cultural background that makes the book difficult tounderstand. (TEM4-1999-45)A. butB. norC. asD. like23. He's _____ as a "bellyacher" — he's always complaining about something. (TEM4-1999-50)A. who is knownB. whom is knownC. what is knownD. which is known24. _____, he always tries his best to complete it on time. (TEM4-1999-51)A. However the task is hardB. However hard the task isC. Though hard the task isD. Though .hard is the task25. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people_____. (TEM4-2000-41)A. doB. hearC. do themD. hearing it26. This is an illness that can result in total blindness _____ left untreated.(TEM4-2000-42)A. afterB. ifC. sinceD. unless27. The central provinces have floods in some years, and _____. (TEM4-2000-43)A. drought in othersB. drought mothersC. while other droughtsD. others in drought28. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff _____ is needed for quality control canbe substantially reduced. (TEM4-2000-50)A. whoseB. asC. whatD. that29. I can't go-- for one thing, I have no money, and _____ I have too much work.(TEM4-2001-41)A. what's moreB. as wellC. for anotherD. in addition30. There is no doubt _____ the company has made the right decision on the sales project.(TEM4-2001-44)A. whyB. thatC. whetherD. when31. Intellect is to the mind __________ sight is to the body. (TEM4-2001-45)A. whatB. asC. thatD. like32_____ I sympathize, I can't really do very much to help them out of the difficulties.(TEM4-2001-46)A. As long asB. AsC. WhileD. Even33. Barry had an advantage over his mother _____ he could speak French.(TEM4-2001-49)A. since thatB. in thatC. at thatD. so that34. She did her work _______ __her manager had instructed. (TEM4-2002-41)A. asB. untilC. whenD. though35. Have you ever been in a situation _____ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him? (TEM4-2002-44)A. by whichB. thatC. in whereD. where36. We've just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, _____ should make grea t differences in our life next summer. (TEM4-2002-45)A. whichB. whatC. thatD. they37. She managed to save _____ she could out of her wages to help her brother.(TEM4 2002-47)A. how little moneyB. so little moneyC. such little moneyD. what little money38. Fool _____ Jane is, she could not have done such a thing. (T EM4-2002-48)A. whoB. asC. thatD. like39. Above the trees are the hills, _____ magnificence the river faithfully reflects onthe surface. (TEM4-2003-43)A. whereB. of whoseC. whose.D. which40. _____ I like economics, I like sociology much better. (TEM4-2003-49)A. As much asB. So muchC. How much.D. Much as41. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time,_____ is something we had not expected. (TEM4-2003-51)A. whichB. itC. thatD. what42. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man _____ he was twenty yearsago.(TEM4-2003-52)A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whom43. _____, I'll marry him all the same. (TEM4-2004-42)A. Was he rich or poorB. Whether rich or poorC. Were he rich or poorD. Be he rich or poor44. The government has promised to do _____ lies in its power to ease the hardshipsof the victims in the flood-stricken area. (TEM4-2004-43)A. howeverB. whicheverC. whateverD. wherever45. _____, Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class. (TEM4-2005-52)A. Although he is a socialistB. Even if he is a socialistC. Being a socialistD. Since he is a socialist46. His remarks were _____ annoy everybody at the meeting. (TEM4-2005-53)A. so as toB. such as toC. such toD. as much as to47. I know he failed his last test, but really he’s _____ stupid. (TEM4-2005-58)A. something butB. anything butC. nothing butD. not but48. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, _____ that he paid me back the followingback. (TEM4-2005-64)A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if49. _____ dull he may be, he is certainly a very successful top executive. (TEM4-2006-51)A. AlthoughB. WhateverC. AsD. However50. The party, _____ I was the guest of honour, was extremely enjoyable. (TEM4-2006-53)A. by whichB. for whichC. to whichD. at which51. Land belongs to the city; there is _____ thing as private ownership of land. (TEM4-2006-60)A. no such aB. not suchC. not such aD. no such52. There are as good fish in the sea _____ ever came out of it. (TEM4-2007-51)A. thanB. likeC. asD. so53. It is not _____ much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand.(TEM4-2007-57)A. thatB. asC. soD. very54. The research requires more money than _____. (TEM4-2007-61)A. have been put inB. has been put inC. being put inD. to be put in55. Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably _____ a threat to the humanrace than environmental destruction. (TEM4-2007-62)A. no moreB. not moreC. even moreD. much more56. Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (TEM4-2008-53)A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what57. Men differ from animals _____ they can think and speak. (TEM4-2008-54)A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which58. _____ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish hisassignment. (TEM4-2008-55)A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Though Much59. I enjoyed myself so much _____ I visited my friends in Paris last year. (TEM4-2008-56)A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where60. They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as _____. (TEM4-2008-60)A. it could beB. they could beC. it wasD. was61. Quality is ______ counts most. (TEM4-2008-62)A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where62. _____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay.(TEM4-2009-54)A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhicheverD. However63. I was very interested in _____ she told me. (TEM4-2009-56)A. all thatB. all whichC. all whatD. that64. We consider ______ he should have left without telling anyone beforehand. (TEM4-2009-57)A. strange whyB. it strange whatC. it strange thatD. that strange65. The couple had no sooner got to the station _____ the coach left. (TEM4-2009-60)A. whenB. asC. untilD. than六、冠词及其他限定词的某些用法1. Ted couldn’t remember the exact date of the storm, but he knew it was _____ Sunday because everybody was at _____ church. (TEM4-1992-46)A. /, theB. a, /C. /, aD. the, /2. The rising crime rate is _____ major concern of _____ society. (TEM4-1993-52)A. the, theB. a, /C. a, theD. /, the3. _____ human problems that repeat themselves in _____ life repeat themselves in _____ literature. (TEM4-1994-60)A. /, /, theB. /, the, /C. The, /, /D. The, the, the4. The idea of traveling through _____ space to other planets interests many people today. (TEM4-1995-54)A. aB. theC. /D. one5. Our association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for the disabled, will publish _____ proposals in the near future. (TEM4-2008-51)A. theirB. ourC. hisD. its6. Which of the following is INCORRECT? (TEM4-2008-57)A. All his lectures were boring.B. Half his money was gone.C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing.D. He invited many his friends to the party.7. The square itself is five hundred yards wide, five times _____ the size of St. Peter’s in Rome.(TEM4-2008-64)A. /B. that ofC. which isD. of8. A new laptop costs about _____ of a second-hand one. (TEM4-2009-55)A. the price of three timesB. three times the priceC. as much as the three times priceD. three times more than the price七、倒装、强调、否定、省略、反意疑问句、插入语等特殊句型1. A hibernating animal needs hardly any food all through the winter, _____? (TEM4-1992-59)A. need itB. needn’t itC. does itD. doesn’t it2. _____ the snake in superstitious awe. (TEM4-1993-60)A. Mankind has held longB. Long has held mankindC. Has mankind long heldD. Mankind has long held3. So badly _____ in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months. (TEM4-1994-56)A. did he injureB. injured himC. was he injuredD. he was injured4. It was not until midnight _____ the snowcapped peak. (TEM4-1995-56)。
英语专四语法、词汇知识大全
英语专业四级语法、词汇知识1．语法考题的涉及面宽，近年考题曾经考到：几乎所有词类；三种动词的非谓语形式；各种从句及关系词的用法；动词时态、虚拟语气、情态动词的用法；独立主格，主谓一致，倒装，强调、并列结构等基本语法知识。
2．语法考试的重点突出，语法考试的重点为内容庞杂较难掌握的项目，这些项目还反复出现，如：虚拟语气，状语从句，定语从句，独立主格，情态动词。
3．具体考查重点为以上项目中的特殊用法，不常用的情况1）虚拟语气的考点为：would rather＋that从句＋一般过去时：It is vital／necessary／important ／urgent／imperative／desirable／advisable／natural／essential＋that＋动词原形；It is time／about time／high time＋that＋一般过去时：proposal／suggestion＋that＋动词原形；lest ＋that＋should＋动词原形；if only＋that＋would＋动词原形。
2）状语从句的考点为：非if引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用at times，provided，so long as，in case，once等来替代if；由even if／so，now that，for all等引导的让步状语从句；just／hardly...when引导的时间状语从句；more than，as...as，not so much as，the same as，as much as等引导的比较状语从句。
3）独立主格结构多以逻辑主语＋分词的形式出现。
4）情态动词多与完成时形式连用。
5）定语从句重点考查介词＋关系代词（which）和as作为关系代词。
专业四级考试的词汇部分要求考生能灵活正确运用教学大纲语法结构表一至四级的全部内容，熟练掌握教学大纲词汇表中一至四级规定的5000—6000个认知词汇及其最基本的搭配。
(完整word版)专四语法重点总结,推荐文档
专四语法重点总结一、代词、名词、数次1. 在使用两个以上的人称代词时顺序是:第二人称第三人称第一人称2. everyone后面不可以跟of短语every one 就可以3. 以‘名词/动名词+介词（短语）/形容词/副词/动词不定式’构成的复合名词，它的复数形式是将作为主要部分的名词或动名词变为复数直接来源于短语或以可数名词结尾的复合名词的复数形式是将最后一个构词部分变为复数以‘man 或者woman+名词’构成的复合名词的复数形式是将两个组成部分全变成复数以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式如：homework4. 物质名词一般不可数，但用于表示‘各种不同品种’时几乎都可做可数名词如：different teas5. 当抽象名词前后有修饰语表示‘某一种’或‘某一方面’的抽象概念时其前可加a/an6. 名词所有格要点：必须用’s的场合1 )’s属格用于表示时间，度量衡，价值的名词之后2 ) 作为一个整体的词组在最后一个词加’s3) 人或物为两人共有，在第二个名词后加’s4 )当所有格后面的名词是人们熟悉的建筑物如商店，住家，教堂，医院等，此名词常省略5) 复合名词在最后一个词后加’s6) 当被修饰的名词后有同位语时，必须用’s7) 当用来表示类别或属性时，要用’s children’s shoes 儿童鞋必须用of的场合1) 名词后跟有后置修饰语或同位语时2) 以定冠词加分词或形容词表示一类人时7. 如果dozen/score/hundred/thousand/million前有基数词以表示确切数目时，都不能用复数形式如果用来表示很多有不确切的数目时，须用复数，而且后面加of8.表示顺序的两种方式：1)‘名词+基数词’，不用冠词，如Chapter four2) ’the+序数词+名词‘如the Fourth Chapter9. 倍数增减的表示法1) 倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than2) 倍数+as+形容词/副词+as3) 倍数+名词4) 动词+百分比或倍数5) 动词+to+数词6) double/triple/quadruple+名词7) 动词+by+数词/百分比/倍数10. 分数分子为基数词，分母为序数词分母除了在分子为一的其他情况下为复数11. 百分比后接名词时加of二、形容词、副词1 前置修饰语的排列顺序可以置于冠词前的形容词（all both such) -----冠词，指示形容词，所有格形容词，不定形容词（a an the this your his any some)-----------基数词（one ) 序数词（first)------------ 表示性质，状态，质量的形容词（good useful)--------------表示大小，长短，形状的形容词----------------表示年龄，新旧，温度的形容词------------表示颜色的形容词---------------------表示国籍，产地，区域的形容词-----------表示材料，用做形容词的名词----------动名词，分词2．后置修饰语由前缀a-构成的形容词3．形容词修饰由some-,any-,every-,no-,-body,-one,-thing等组成的复合不定代词时，必须后置4．enough作形容词修饰名词时既可放前又可放后，但当它作副词修饰形容词或副词时，必须后置5．有些形容词本身就有‘比……年长’，‘比……优等的意思这些形容词后面用介词to 而不用than6．much too 作为副词短语修饰形容词或副词，不修饰名词7．more 不能用来修饰比较级8．与名词连用的more of a .. ./ as much of a... / more of a.... 意为更像……9．as much of a……意为称得上，less of a 意为算不上10．none other than(不是别人，正是）=no other than11．any/sone/every与other连用时，其后若用可数名词，一般为单数三、情态动词、虚拟语气1．can 用于否定句cannot(help)but表示不能不，只能（but后跟不带to的动词不定式）2．must 表示禁止，一定不要时的否定式为mustn’t 当它表示有把握的推断时意为一定准是时它的否定形式为can’t3．need doing=need to be done 这个句型表示被动意味4．need not have done sth 表示本来没有必要做某事（经常考）虚拟语气1．It is (high/about/the)time... 谓语动词用过去式指现在或将来的情况表示早该做某事而现在已经有点晚了2．It is the first(second/third)time后的that从句中，谓语动词要用完成体来表示一种经验3．as if/though 的虚拟要点1) 对当时事实的假设，从句谓语用过去式，be动词一律用were2)对过去事实的假设，从句谓语用过去完成式3)对未来事实的假设，从句谓语用would+动词原型五、比较级比较等级的含义:英语中形容词与副词有三个比较等级，即原级，比较级和最高级。
(完整版)英语专业四级语法和词汇总结
1.nothing but意为“仅仅，只不过”；anything but意为“除…以外的任何事”；none other than 意为“不是别人，正是…”；no more than意为“不过，仅仅”。
2.A. taxes B. payment付款 C. fees 手续费、入场费、会费 D. premium津贴酬金3. A. display展示型表演 B. performance文艺表演 C. show展览会 D. exhibition销售性质的展览会4. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ____going on in the world.A. it isB. as isC. there is 在以there be为谓语动词的定语从句中，如关系代词作主语，则关系代词便可省略D. what is5. A. set out 开始 as/in/on B. set off使做某事 C. set up 开业,开始经商D. set about开始、着手6. proliferation 扩散fair庙会、交易会7. tumble to 突然察觉come to意为“降临，发生8. understand better than...意为“对…非常理解”9. go with意为“与…相配”；go by意为“根据…作出判断”；go through意为“通过；经历”；go out意为“过时” go into意为“叙述；讨论10. on principle意为“根据行为准则；按照原则”；in principle意为“原则上；基本上；大体上”。
for与by不与principle搭配。
11. take over意为“接收，接管”；take up意为“开始采用；采取，承担”；take off意为“脱去；拿掉”；take to意为“开始从事；开始沉湎于”。
专四常考语法点
专四常考语法点
英语专业四级考试常考的语法点包括：
1.虚拟语气：虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要部分，包括条件句、
虚拟语气的使用等。
2.时态和语态：英语中的时态和语态是非常重要的，包括现在时态、
过去时态、将来时态等。
3.非谓语动词：非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词，是英语语
法中的一个难点。
4.从句：从句包括定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句等，是英语语
法中的一个重要部分。
5.倒装句：倒装句是英语语法中的一种特殊句型，包括完全倒装和
部分倒装等。
6.主谓一致：主谓一致是指句子中的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上
保持一致。
7.比较级和最高级：比较级和最高级是英语语法中的一个重要部分，
包括形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。
这些语法点是英语专业四级考试中经常出现的，考生需要熟练掌握这些语法知识，才能在考试中取得好成绩。
专四语法常见考点
专四语法常见考点1。
限定词限定词是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指、类指以及表示确定数量和非确定数量等限定作用的词类，主要包括冠词（a, an, the）、物主限定词（如my, her)、指示限定词(如this, those，such）、不定限定词（如all，both, no）、疑问限定词（如what, which，whose）、关系限定词（如whose)、名词属格（如Tom's, China’s）以及数词（如one，second）等。
2。
情态助动词❖主要情态助动词的用法（can/could，ma 1y/might, will/would，shall，should, must，need，dare)❖情态动词+have+过去分词3. 非谓语动词非谓语动词也叫非限定动词，指的是由动词变化而成,仍具有动词的性质与原义，但不能作动词使用的词。
非谓语动词和动词一样可以带有宾语、副词、补语等，主要有以下三大类：分词、不定式和动名词.非谓语动词可以充当多种成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等.4. 名词性从句名词性从句是指在句子中起名词作用的句子,功能相当于名词词组。
根据其在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.5. 定语从句❖定语从句就是修饰名词或代词的从句，通常在被修饰词的后面，本质上相当于形容词的作用.被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
❖定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句是先行词不可或缺的部分,去掉后主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。
6。
状语从句如果一个从句用作状语,功能相当于副词并修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，那么该从句就是状语从句。
根据其作用,状语从句可分为时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、方式、比较、目的、结果等状语从句。
7。
时态与语态❖时态.英语主要的时态有12种,分别是：一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，现在完成进行时；一般过去时，过去进行时,过去完成时,过去完成进行时；一般将来时，将来进行时，将来完成时，将来完成进行时。
大学英语四级必考语法汇总
大学英语四级必考语法汇总大学英语四级考试是学生们普遍参加的考试，语法是其中必考的部分，以下是四级必考语法汇总：1. 时态英语时态有12种，四级考试中要掌握以下几种：- 一般现在时：表示经常性或惯性的动作，或现在的状况。
- 现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作。
- 一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
- 过去进行时：表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
- 现在完成时：表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
- 过去完成时：表示过去某个时间之前曾经发生的动作或状态。
- 将来时：表示将来某个时间发生的动作。
2. 从句从句是指一个完整的句子，它在句子中充当某个成分，四级考试中要掌握以下几种：- 定语从句：修饰某个名词或代词。
- 主语从句：作为主语的从句。
- 宾语从句：作为宾语的从句。
- 同位语从句：阐述前面名词或代词的内容。
- 状语从句：修饰或补充主句的内容。
- 结果状语从句：表示结果的从句。
- 让步状语从句：表示让步的从句。
- 条件状语从句：表示条件的从句。
3. 词性和词组四级考试中需要掌握名词、代词、动词、形容词和副词的用法，以及一些固定用法的词组，例如：- be based on：基于。
- be fond of：喜欢。
- as soon as possible：尽快。
- break the ice：打破僵局。
4. 语态英语语态有两种，四级考试中需要了解和区分主动语态和被动语态，以及两种语态在句子中的变化。
5. 语气英语语气有三种，四级考试中需要了解和区分陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
以上就是大学英语四级必考语法的汇总，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
英语专业四级词汇语法辅导时态代词情态动词形容词副词句子成分
• 2．Mr. Wells, together with all the members of his family, ____ for Europe this afternoon．(2004—51)
一般现在时
• 考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句， 从句用一般现在时代 替一般将来时。
For example: • So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he
finishes the experiment. • 只要他努力工作， 我不介意他什么时候做完试验
一般现在时
• 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，
仍用一般现在时。
• I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
•
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；
常用的引导词有：
•
•
I have learned English for ten years.
现在完成时
• 考 点 二 ： 常 见 的 不 确 定 的 时 间 状 语 ： lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, for
英语专业四级词汇语法辅导时态代 词情态动词形容词副词句子成分
1、一般现在时
主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点； 表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有 often, always, from time to time 等时间状 语； 表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 • He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. • She has a brother who lives in New York. • The earth goes around the sun. • Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.
2023年英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题及解析
英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题参照答案与解析11.Ho.ca..concentrat.i.yo.________.continuall._____.m.wit.sill. questions?A.have.interruptedB.are.interruptedC.had.interruptingD.were.interrupting选A。
虽然我觉得更应当说you are continually interrupting me with silly questions。
不过这里用目前完毕时表达旳是一种动作发生过成为过去经历, 有也许多次发生, 也就是打断一次、两次、三次等等不停反复到目前。
12.Amon.th.fou.sentence.below.Sentenc.__.expresse.th.highes.d egre.o.possibility?A.I.ma.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.B.I.migh.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.C.I.coul.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.D.I.shoul.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.选D。
四个里把握度最高旳是should, 另一方面是may, 最终是might和could。
13.Sh.i..bette.speake.tha.____.i.th.class.A.an.boyB.th.othe.boysC.othe.an.girlD.al.th.girls选A。
主语是she, 女旳, 因此不能选B。
C旳对旳说法是any other girl。
14.Nobod.hear.hi.sing.______?A.di.oneB.di.heC.didn’.theyD.di.they选B。
1-英语专业四级词汇语法辅导--从句
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原因状语从句
• Because, since, as和for
• because语气最强，强调原因。回答 “why”问句。表原因的强调句型中，也只 用because。在“not…but…”结构中， 也用它。
• e.g. He decided to give up the chance of going abroad, not because he did not want to but because his wife was ill.
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注意事项
• 3. It + be + 时间 + before-clause • 这个句型中的时间一般为表示一段时间的词语(如：
long years , months , weeks , days ,hours , minutes ) ，主句中的谓语动词 用肯定式，意为"过多长时间才......"。 • 主句的谓语动词是否定式时，意为"没过多长时间 就......"。主句的时态可用过去时was或将来时 will be；用was 时，before从句的动词用一般 过去时；用will be 时，before从句常用一般现 在时。 例如：
• A before B until C since D when
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真题
• 60. The couple had no sooner got to the station ____ the coach left. (2009)
• A. when B. as C. until D. than • 56. I enjoyed myself so much ___
专业四级词汇语法详细解答40套
T est One集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词集体名词，如：police, people, cattle, militia, poultry等，通常作复数，用复数动词。
如：Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides.2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词，如foliage, machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。
例如：All the machinery in the factory is made in China.3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词集体名词，如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。
The city council is meeting to set its agenda.4)a committee,etc. of +复数名词如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。
例如：A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.近义词辨析tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, worn out这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。
tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。
Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了。
exhausted表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。
英语专业四级词汇语法练习及答案解析
英语专业四级词汇语法练习及答案解析英语专业四级词汇语法练习及答案解析书到用时方恨少，事非经过不知难。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语专业四级词汇语法练习及答案解析，希望能给大家带来帮助!1. If you____ that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be sleepy.A. haven’t watchedB. didn’t watchedC. hadn’t watchedD. wouldn’t have watched2. Anna refused to____the car keys to her husband until he had promised to wear his safety belt.A. hand inB. hand outC. hand downD. hand over3. “He is already on the wrong side of forties.”“It’s about time he ____himself a wife and settled down.”A. findsB. should findC. foundD. had found4. We find the book quite____: it provides us with an abundance of information on western music.A. distractingB. enlighteningC. amusingD. confusing5. It is necessary that an efficient worker____his work on time.A. accomplishesB. can accomplishC. accomplishD. has accomplished6. Dogs are often praised for their____; they almost never abandon their masters.A. truthfulnessB. loyaltyC. trustD. faith7. “How did James Bond escape from the locked confine?”“Oh, you know he always manages ____a tight situation.”A. to get out ofB. getting out ofC. to have got him out ofD. in getting out of8. The scientific group is carrying out a research focused ona drug which is so____as to be able to change brain chemistry.A. powerfulB. influentialC. monstrousD. vigorous9. The boss of the company has always attended to the ____of important business himself.A. transactionB. stimulationC. transitionD. solution10. He ordered the work ____.A. started at onceB. to be started at onceC. to start at onceD. at once start参考答案：1. 答案 C【参考译文】如果你昨晚不看那么晚的电影，你现在也不会那么困倦了。
英语专业四级语法练习方法
英语专业四级语法练习方法在英语学习中，语法是一项非常重要的技能。
无论是在口语交流还是书面表达中，准确的语法运用都能帮助我们传达信息，并使得我们的表达更加清晰、准确。
为了提高英语专业四级考试的语法水平，以下是一些有效的语法练习方法。
一、掌握基础知识要提高语法水平，首先需要掌握英语的基础语法知识。
可以通过学习英语语法书籍，参加语法课程或者进行在线学习来巩固基础知识。
重点掌握基本的句子结构、时态使用、动词形态变化以及常见的句型和短语。
二、多读英语文章阅读是提高语法水平的重要途径之一。
通过多读英语文章，可以接触到各种句型和语法结构，加深理解，并提高对语法的敏感度。
在阅读过程中，可以将注意力集中于语法结构、句子成分的搭配以及词汇的用法上。
三、做语法练习题做语法练习题是提高语法水平的有效方法。
可以选择一些专门的语法练习书籍或者在线资源进行训练。
通过做题，可以巩固已学的知识，将语法规则应用于实际情境中，提高语法分析和解题能力。
四、参加语法讲解课程参加语法讲解课程可以帮助深入理解和掌握语法知识。
可以报名参加英语培训班或者参加学校组织的语法辅导课程。
在教师的指导下，学习各种语法规则和技巧，并进行实际练习。
五、积累语法笔记在学习语法的过程中，可以逐渐形成属于自己的语法笔记。
将重点知识、常见错误和例句整理成笔记，方便复习和查阅。
通过不断积累，可以提高对语法知识的掌握和应用能力。
六、参加语法讨论小组可以组建语法学习小组，与同学一起讨论语法问题。
通过与他人的交流和讨论，可以加深对语法知识的理解，并从中学习到不同的观点和解释。
同时，也可以相互纠正错误，共同进步。
七、多写英文作文写作是语法运用的重要方式之一。
通过多写英文作文，可以锻炼句子结构的建立和语法规则的应用。
可以从简单的句子开始，逐渐提高难度和复杂度。
同时，可以请教老师或者其他同学对作文进行修改和建议。
八、利用语法学习资源在互联网上，有很多免费的语法学习资源可以利用。
英语专业四级语法
Adjectives
Adjective is a part of speech that modifies a noun or pronoun.
Adjectives are words that describe nouns or pronouns, giving more information about them. They can be descriptive (e.g., "big") or limiting (e.g., "these").
例子：The excited children were jumping up and down. (定语)
The man wounded in the war is now retired. (定 语)
The boy standing over there is my brother. (定语)
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verb
Verb is a part of speech that expresses action or state of being.
Verbs are words that show what someone or something is doing. They can be simple (e.g., "run") or complex (e.g., "running").
preposition
Preposition is a part of speech that shows relationship between noun and other parts of sentence.
Prepositions are words that show spatial or temporal relationships, such as "in," "on," or "after." They are often
英语专业四级语法汇总
语法回顾篇专四语法考点虚拟语气、情态动词、非谓语动词、复合句、倒装、小语法（省略，时态，反义疑问句，代词，强调句，主谓一致，冠词，形容词及副词）、as 的特殊用法。
专四英语语法考点串讲之一虚拟语气一般说来，有下列几种考点需要考生注意(十考点及两备考点）考点1. 与现在事实相反从句谓语动词用did(be用were)，主句谓语动词would(should,could,might)+do；考点2. 与过去事实相反从句谓语动词用had done，主句谓语动词用would(should,could,might)+ have done；例如：43.I _________the party much more if there hadn‟t been quite such a crowd of people there.A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying49.All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _________ quite such a crowd of people there.A. weren‟tB. hasn‟t beenC. hadn‟t beenD. wouldn‟t考点3.与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用：did(should+do或were + to do)，主句谓语动词用：would(should,could,might)+do。
例如：43. If your car ___ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.(08年）• A. shall need C. would need• B. should need D. will need考点4. 时态的交叉现象，也就是主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段例如：If you had gone to see the doctor，you would be all right now.你要是早去看病,你现在就没事了。
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基本内容
► 形容词与副词有三个比较等级,即原级,比较级和最 高级。 1） 表示等于时用原级。 Eg. I’m just as busy today as I was yesterday. 2）表示二者的比较时用比较级 eg. I’m much busier today than I was yesterday. 3）表示“最”时用最高级 Eg. That was the busiest day of my life.
C won't smile
D didn't smile
► 2. He would be studying at the university now if he
___C_ the entrance examination.
A passed
B have passed
C had passed D should have passed
►10. as if/though
►1) 对当时事实的假设，从句谓语用过去式， be动词一律用were
► 2)对过去事实的假设，从句谓语用过去完成 式
►3)对未来事实的假设，从句谓语用would+动 词原型
11.错综时态的虚拟语气 （2008真题52）
► 指主句和从句在表达是与什么时态的事实相反上 并不一致，这种情况要采用“对号入座”的方法来 处理，即主从句结构分别采用与其表达时态对应的 结构。
英语专业四级 语法词汇讲座（二）
基本语法点
►虚拟语气 ►比较级 ►There be 的非限定形式 ►附加疑问句 ►独立主格 ►倒► 一、虚拟语气的规则用法：三种基本形式
从句
主句
与过去事实相反 Had +过去分词
Should (第一人称)/ would(其它 人称) +have +过去分词
如： ► It’s becoming more and more difficult to find a job.
四、not +比较级+ than / no +比较级+ than
► 比较级前加not，表示前者不如后者，与not as…as 相当；比较级前加no是对两者的否定，意为 “和……一样不……”，与neither…nor…或“as+ 相反意义的形容词或副词+as”相当。如：
If you had asked him yesterday（过去）, you would know what to do now（现在）.
If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).
12.虚拟条件句的倒装
► 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或 had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句 句首。 ___C__ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I
needed to. ► He has not more than three children. 六、no more…than与not more…than ► He is no more a writer than a painter. ► 他不是画家，也不是作家。(= He is neither a
五、no more than与not more than ► 两者均可表示数量，前者表示“仅仅”、“只不
过”，强调少；而后者表示“不多于”、“至多”。 如：
► This test takes no more than thirty minutes. ► 这个测验只需30分钟。 ► For thirty years, he had done no more than he had
►8. It is a shame that he __B__ that poor little girl! A deceived B should deceive C deceive D deceiving
► 9. I wish + that
从句动作先于主句动 词动作
从句动作与主句动作 同时发生
only也可用于陈述语气。
E.g. I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟
响了，我才会醒。
If only he comes early.
但愿他早点回来。
► 3. 当以下动词后加句子时，句子应用虚拟语气，句子谓语 动词的形式是：（should）+ 动词原形。 a. 表示建议、提议的：suggest, advise, propose, recommend, move. [move只有在表达在会议上提出提议时后面加虚拟语气] b. 表示要求的：ask, demand, require, request, desire. c. 表示指挥、命令的：order, command, direct. d. 表示坚持，坚持认为的：insist.
含蓄条件句 （真题解析2007:53题）
► 7. or, otherwise, unless, but for,without, in the absence of, under…condition, given, provided, were it not for 体现虚拟语气的形式是固定的：先 要判断是表示与现在、过去、还是将来事实相反， 然后依照相应的虚拟语气规则用法的形式来确定句 子结构。
painter nor a writer.) ► He’s no more able to read Spanish than I am.
他和我都读不懂西班牙语。
七、no less than 与not less than
► 表示均可表示数量，前者意为“多达”、“有…之 多”，强调多；后者表示“不下于”、“至少”。 如：
2. if only 如果，要是...就好了，if only + that，用虚 拟语气。
（见真题2006:52题）
a. 表示与现在或将来事实相反，谓语动词用一般过 去时或would do。 b. 表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。
1. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _B_ your advice. A follow B had followed C would follow D have followed
► He is not taller than me. 他不如我高。
► He is no taller than me. 他同我一样不高。
► His English is not better than mine. 他的英语不如 我的英语好。
► His English is no better than mine. 他的英语同我的 英语一样不好。(即一样差)
将来不大可能实现的 愿望
真实状 况 过去时
现在时
将来时
wish后
过去完成时（had + 过去 分词） 过去时（be的过去式为 were） would/could + 动词原形
I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want）
题例：
► 1. If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _A__ now. A wouldn't be smiling B couldn't have smiled
是as/so …as 结构，或是the more …., the more ….的句型。 ► 4）注意结构的各种变体：结构内出现名词时的结构可以是
as old a car, as many /much/few/little …as。 ► 5）如果有比较 对象的选择应注意比较对象的一致性和互不
包容性。如： His English is better than anyone else's in his class.
► The storm delayed us. But for the storm we would have been in time.
► Supposing I accepted this offer, what would you say?
► lest, for fear that, on condition that后面句子的谓 语动词的形式都是：（should）+ 动词原形。
► 4. 1)it is + 第三点中动词的过去分词/名词 + that-clause (should) do 2)important, necessary, essential, obligatory, anxious, crucial, improper, impossible, natural, urgent, vital, willing。
重点句型
一、the+比较级, the+比较级 ► 前者相当于一个条件句，因此，要用一般现在时代替一般将
来时。如：
► The better I knew him, the more I liked him. ► The more difficult the questions are, the less likely I’ll be
able to answer them. 二、the+比较级+of the two在比较级前加定冠词the。如： ► She was the more promising worker of the two. 三、比较级+and+比较级 ► 表示“越来越…”，单音节形容词或副词用“-er+and +-er”，