物流专业英语第一部分

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School of Logistics,Southwest Jiaotong University
Logistics Mission
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Operating in a Turbulent Environment
Inventory directly impacts an organization’s customer service and its working capital
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Facilities
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Production Scheduling
The concept of “Just-in-Time” would not be possible if manufacturing enterprises were not capable of managing productive resources in an effective yet responsive manner. As inventory levels shrink, this becomes even more important
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TranΒιβλιοθήκη Baiduport

Transport decisions involve:



what mode of transport should we use should we own or hire our transport fleet how frequently should we deliver to different customer groups how should deliveries be scheduled
This flow starts when a customer decides to place an order and ends when the order is delivered to the customer and the customer has paid for the products received
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Communication

Modern communications and computer technology can provide us with inventory visibility back to our suppliers and forward to our retail customers’ outlets. In this way information can be substituted for inventory
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School of Logistics,Southwest Jiaotong University
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What is logistics?

In reality, people buy products for a range of factors apart from their tangible qualities logistics is about ensuring that the factors which influence customers’ choice are delivered cost effectively and in accordance with customers’ expectations



Customers are becoming far more demanding
of their suppliers
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On Coping with Turbulent Time

Deregulation has loosened controls in a number of areas, both locally and internationally Product changes are occurring more frequently and there are more products on offer Technology is evolving at an increasingly pace



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Inventory Facilities Communications Unitization Transport Materials Management Production Scheduling
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“The one certainty about the times ahead is
that they will be turbulent times, and in turbulent times the first task of management is to make sure of the institution’s capacity for survival, to make sure of its capacity to survive a blow, to adapt to sudden change, and to avail itself of new opportunities”
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Material Management
It is not possible to consistently manufacture products to an appropriate standard without effective coordination and control of a manufacturer’s purchasing function and the inbound movement of raw materials, components and packaging materials
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The Interface of Logistics

Production 1
Marketing 2

Logistics 3 Finance
It is difficult to visualize accomplishing any marketing, manufacturing, or international commerce without logistics. When consumers purchase goods- at a retail store, over the telephone, or via the internet – thy expect product delivery will be performed as promised. In fact, their expectation is for timely, error-free logistics every time they order.
Session o2: Introduction to Logistics



What is logistics? Logistics elements Understanding logistics costs Logistics performance measurement Logistics integration

Unitization and containerization have revolutionized the way in which products are stored and transported
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School of Logistics,Southwest Jiaotong University

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School of Logistics,Southwest Jiaotong University
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Logistics Defined
“the process of strategically managing the acquisition, movement and storage of materials, parts and finished inventory (and related information flows) through an organization and its marketing channels to fulfill orders most cost effectively”
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Unitization

Unitization refers to the packages in which products are originally packed and the means by which those packages are assembled into unit loads
in what quantities should it be held how frequently should it be replenished

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Inventory

Inventory

Stock holding is central to effective logistics management. Key issues include:

how much inventory should be held
where should it be held
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The Scope of Logistics
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Logistics Elements
Facilities are required to hold stock. Questions are:


how many facilities do we need where do we locate them how large should they be should they be mechanised or automated and to what degree
Source: Gattorna, J.L. (1990) , Handbook of Logistics and Distribution Management , 4th ed., page 5.
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School of Logistics,Southwest Jiaotong University
Source: Peter Drucker, Managing in Turbulent Times (1980)
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Logistics Challenges

Logistics is concerned with the inter-relationship of all factors which affect the flow of information and products necessary to fulfill orders