英语四级模拟题(附答案)-推荐下载

大学英语四级模拟试卷（一）Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on“too much care spoils a child”, You should write at least 120 words but no morethan 180 words.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what wassaid. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) It is really nice to change them.B) They ought to have been changed long ago.C) They are of wrong colors.D) They are still quite good.2. A) Mixed. C) Enthusiastic.B) Fascinated. D) Disinterested.3. A) Wait until the weather gets better. C) Walk around the city right now.B) Go to visit the park tomorrow. D) Enjoy the snow scene in the park.4. A) He’ll start a new business in properties.B) He has been left property there.C) He’s made a fortune from his aunt.D) His aunt wants his company there.5. A) They didn’t attend the literature class.B) They asked Prof. Lane the same question.C) They knew the assignment of the literature class.D) They knew the answer to the question.6. A) He has already decided on his future plan.B) He would consult the woman if necessary.C) He doesn’t want to consult the woman at all.D) He doesn’t have any idea what to do in the future.7. A) She wants to get enough food for the holiday period.B) The supermarket is closing down after the New Year’s Day.C) The man is going to help her with shopping.D) Tomorrow is the only day she is free before the New Year’s Day.8. A) The woman is good at English and computing.B) The woman is not capable of the job advertised.C) The man is refusing the woman’s application.D) English and computer skills are essential for the job.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) Do the interior decoration. C) Buy the materials.B) Make a shopping list. D) Make a design of the decoration.10. A) Make a schedule for their decoration.B) Getting everything needed purchased on one trip.C) Be the weekend fights through purchasing.D) Go shopping as early as possible.11. A) Have the interior decoration done by themselves.B) Go shopping together to make it as expected.C) Buy building materials at different departments.D) Make a detailed plan and allocate the shopping list.12. A) He thinks he is too tired to do it.B) He does not care about it.C) He wants to change it.D) He agrees with it.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) It is very hot outside the room.B) The air conditioner makes the room hot.C) He fed the pig just now.D) He did morning exercise just now.14. A) It’s cool and wet. C) It’s cool and dryB) It’s hot and wet. D) It’s hot and dry.15. A) Do the housework for her.B) Give a winter coat to her.C) Get her a cup of hot tea.D) Get her a glass of iced tea.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheetwith a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They gave their children post-game meals.B) They provide enough nutrition for their children.C) They usually visit their children after the games.D) They were interested in the children’s sports activities.17. A) To provide enough nutrition.B) To supplement the body.C) To meet their growing need.D) To make them grow faster.18. A) It makes them less active.B) It makes them less healthy.C) It makes them fatter and fatter.D) It makes them lazier than before.19. A) They should give them enough food.B) They should give them healthy food.C) They should advise their children to have healthy meals.D) They should advise their children to have more meals.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A) To express their religious belief and activities.B) To memorize the important people in their life.C) To describe their daily life vividly.D) To symbolize objects, concepts and sounds.21. A) It was complicated because of the pictures magic power.B) It was a weird language which only a few people understood.C) It was more relevant to pictures than to Egyptian words.D) It was used by certain people who understood the magic power.22. A) The Egyptian alphabet. C) The Roman alphabet.B) The Greek alphabet. D) The Mediterranean alphabet.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) They made tools with special instruments. C) They made tools out of animal skin.B) They made tools out of wood first. D) They made tools out of stones first.24. A) Stone chips have been used for thousands of years.B) Silicon chips have been used for hundred of years.C) Stone chips have changed people’s life dramatically.D) Silicon chips have changed people’s life dramatically.25. A) An introduction to two kinds of tools.B) The origin of the silicon chips.C) The way ancient people made tools.D) The changes brought about by tools.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage isread for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact wordsyou have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, youshould check what you have written.Accomplished teachers of world languages are keenly aware that young people learn in various ways. They used their knowledge of children in 26 and providing appropriate instruction to their students. They recognize and make professional accommodations for 27 in students’ age levels, cognitive, physical, and motor development, gender, multiple intelligence, and learning styles. Attitude also 28 in student success. Students with low self-esteem or little confidence about their ability to learn another language might benefit from extra encouragement from the teacher.Of course, all students can benefit from positive teacher feedback. Teachers might have students 29 so that they can also benefit from the help and positive reinforcement of their peers. Students who are 30 and confident might work well independently, using computer software, Those who teach young children know the importance of working at 31 levels; students might learn to tell time 32 . As mature students, teachers need to provide more abstract and analytical challenges. Teachers should be aware that personalizing the language experience is helpful to students because many students will talk 33 about themselves and their experiences. Teachers recognize that providing learning experiences in the affective fieldby encourage open-ended personal expression is s valuable way of 34 students’ cognitive ability, cultural understanding, and linguistic 35 . Teachers provide a range of meaningful, interesting, and personally relevant instruction for students at all levels of development for ability.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following thepassage. Read the passage through carefully before asking your choices. Eachchoice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letterfor each item on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You may notuse any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.We all like to feel needed. But new research suggests have a sense of purpose is good for our health, too.In a study of 7,000 people, those with the strongest sense of direction in life were over70 percent less likely to suffer a stroke.The researcher 36 for other aggravating factors such as blood pressure and alcohol use and believe the 37 comes through regulating the immune system.It has been long thought that 38 meaningful activity after retirement is important for physical and mental healt h— which often declines 39 soon after retirement.While past research focused on the 40 effects of negative psychological traits, such as depression and anxiety, new research is investigating how positive traits, such as 41 , protect against illness.In the recent study, men and women aged 50 and over were 42 for four to five years and completed psychological tests while researchers recorded strokes.The results show that the higher someone’s sense of purpose, the lower their risk of a stroke. Those with the greatest sense of purpose were 73% percent less likely to suffer a stroke compared to those with the lowest.Other research has shown that positive mood can lower levels of the stress hormone cortisol (荷尔蒙皮质醇), also 43 in stroke.“This is signigicant as we have a (n) 44 population and it helps show what behaviours prevent people from getting ill,” says Cary Cooper, professor of health psychology at Lancaster University. “Maybe 45 is not good for some.”A) accounted I) implicatedB) ageing J) optimismC) ambition K) outstandingD) damaging L) pursuingE) decreasing M) retirementF) dramatically N) searchedG) effect O) trackedH) graduallyDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraphmore than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions bymarking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet.The End of the Book ?A) The cold snap in March could lead to Britain’s gas supplies running out next month, forcingthe nation to pay higher prices for fuel from elsewhere, as the demand increased quickly during the coldest March in 50 years. Forecasts suggest that gas supplies in the UK will be exhausted by 8 April, requiring Britain to turn to imports from Norway and Russia. The warning came on the day Scottish and Southern Energy, one of the UK’s biggest power suppliers, warned there could be electricity blackouts in the country whining three years. A lack of gas storage facilities, and rapid reduction at the UK’s North Sea gas fields, has led to UK having as little as two days’ supply of the fuel in reserve.B) Though experts have warned of the problem for years, and the government has championeda “dash for gas” that would see a massive rise in demand for the fuel, little has been done toincrease storage facilities.C) Ian Marchant, chief executive of SSE(Scottish and Southern Energy), said there is a “veryrisk of the lights going out”with the next three years. SSE intends to shutting down power plants, enough to have supplied 2 million homes, as the stations are either unecomonic or coming to the end of their lives. Other firms are also planning to take power stations out of service, including the UK’s fleet of ageing nuclear reactors, increasing the risk that demand for electricity will exceed the available supply. Marchant said: “It appears the government is significantly underestimating the scale of the capacity crunch(危急情况) facing the UK in the next three years and there is a very real risk of the lights going out as a result.”D) His comments follow warnings by Alistair Buchanan, the departing chief of Ofgem(Officeof the Gas and Electricity Markets), that power shortages will be many times more likely in the next five years. Government estimates suggest that energy bill could rise by ￡100 a year this winter. The warnings are a particular blow to George Osbome, the chancellor(大臣)，who has championed a new “dash for gas” in the UK, that would see gas take over as the dominat fuel in the UK’s power generation market. Much of the generating capacity that SSE plans to retire consists of gas-fired power stations, though the recent budget has given tax breaks for shale gas(页岩气) extraction in the UK and indicated what could be the biggest expansion of UK gas-fired power in a generation.E) SSE said gas-fired power was uneconomic because of the fuel’s high price compared withthe coal. The move by SSE highlights the disputes over energy policy and energy generation, following upheavals（激变）in the international markets for fossil fuels. It also bring into question whether targets to cut carbon dioxide can be met.F) Andrew Pendleton, head of campaigns at Friends of the Earth, said energy firms were tryingto hold the government to ransom(赎金) by threatening power cut that would help them extract concessions to get financial benefits. The UK has only six big energy suppliers to households, which campaigners say reduces competition and raises prices.G) Coal has become much cheaper because of the use of fossil fuel in the US in the past fiveyears, where a massive increase in the supply of cheap gas is attributed to the controversial method of blasting dense rocks apart under high pressure. The coal that would have been burned in the US is now available on international markets at cut-price, and now become “the preferred fuel”, according to SSE.H) That is the opposite of what the government, and the EU intended by their energy policies inthe past decade. Coal was supposed to become more expensive than gas, because of the EU’ emissions trading scheme, which puts a price on carbon emissions. That has not happened, because flaws within the system means the price of carbon is near an all-time low, meaning coal-fired power stations are not penalized for their effect on the climate.I) Marchant urged the government to bring forward reforms favoring gas. “government canreduce this risk of power cuts very easily, by taking swift action to provide much greater clarity on its electricity market reforms.”J) An energy bill is under discussion by parliament at the moment. SSE’s warnings were dismissed by green campaigners as “an attempt to force the government’s hand”. Pendleton said: “the risk is that these companies are holding us to ransom, in order to make the environment more favorable to their forms of generation. There is a lot at stake here.Basing our energy strategy on gas rather than clean forms of energy such as renewable means we could be held to ransom more and more in the future in this way. It could do a huge amount of harm.”K) The government rebuffed(回绝) the claims from SSE. John Hayes, minister for energy, said: “we are alive to the challenge facing us. The bill before parliament will set the conditions of for the investment needed to keep Britain’s lights on in the long-term. The amount of spare power available today is currently comfortable. As old infrastructure（基础设施）closes over the coming years we expect this margin to reduce but we will make sure it stays manageable.”L) Most of the UK’s nuclear power plants are planned for closure by 2022, and many coal-fired stations must be closed or run at reduced capacity with the next few years because of EU rules on pollution.M) Experts have warned for years of a looming “energy gap” between demand and supply. The building of wind farms and other forms of renewable energy, which were supposed to fill the gap, has been below expectations, in part due to planning laws. Hayes said: “ we are not complacent(沾沾自喜)about this… We are confident in our approach and in the responsiveness of the market in providing secure power supplies.” Joss Garman, political director of Greenpeace, said: “Not content with the profits they are making from sky-high energy bills the gas industry now seems to be trying to hold everybody to ransom-‘give us even more of your cash or we’ll turn out the lights’.”N) Cheap coal and the collapse of the carbon price have made gas burning less profitable, but that’s the reason to ban unabated(为减弱的)coal burning and reform the carbon market, not to give handouts to the big six energy companies. “Gas-fired generation should only be a last-ditch backup for renewable energy sources, and ministers should priorities support for interconnectors, storage, and combined heat and power stations that would compliment renewables and guarantees we have secure power.”46. Many of the UK’s nuclear power plants and coal-fired stations are planned to be shut downdue to EU rules on pollution.47. The shutdown of power plants at Scottish and Southern Energy will cause the electricityshortage of 2 million homes.48. The EU puts a price on carbon emissions in its emissions trading scheme.49. According to SSE, gas-fired power was not economic, because gas was more expensivethan coal.50. The UK had to import fuel from other countries at higher prices, because the cold weatherraised the demand for it.51. Andrew Pendleton thought the energy firm’s purpose of threatening power cut was to getfinancial benefits.52. The parliament of the UK is discussing an energy bill at the present time.53. The sudden decrease of the carbon price and cheap coal has caused gas burning to be lessprofitable.54. The “dash for gas” would make gas become the dominant fuel in Britain’s powergeneration market.55. By blasting dense rocks apart under high pressure, the US can have an increasingly largesupply of cheap gas.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.What makes a group intelligent? You might think a group’s IQ would be simply the average intelligence of the group’s members, or perhaps the intelligence of the team’s smartest participant. But researchers who study groups have found that this isn’t so. Rather, a group’s intelligence emerges from the interactions that go on within the group. A team’s intelligence can be measured, and like an individual’s IQ score, it can accurately predict the team’s performance on a wide variety of tasks. And just as an individual’s intelligence is expandable, a group’s intelligence can also be increased. Here are five suggestions on how to guide the development of smart teams: Choose team members carefully, The smartest groups are composed of people who are good at reading one another’s social cues, according to a study led by Carnegie Mellon University professor Anita Williams Woolley and published in the journal Science. Talk about the “how”. Many members of teams don't like to spend time talking about “process”, preferring to get right down to work—but Woolley notes that groups who take the time to discuss how they will work together are ultimately more efficient and effective.Share the floor: In the most intelligent teams, found Woolley, members take turns speaking. Participants who dominate the discussion or who hang back and don’t say much bring down, the intelligence of the group. Alex Sandy Pentland, an MIT professor who studies group dynamics, has found that in smart teams, members connect directly with one another-not just with the team leader-and they’re constantly engaging in “back channel” or side conversations that supplement the main discussion.Boost informal social connections among members. The smartest teams spend a lot of time communicating outside of formal meetings, say Pentland. He tells of a call center where team members’ coffee breaks were staggered across the workday. Changing the schedule so that all members had a coffee break at the same time led them to do their work more efficiently and feel more satisfied with their jobs.Be open to external influences. In the most successful groups, Pentland discovered team members regularly take off on their own to explore and discover. They them bring that information back to the group, stimulate the group’s work with fresh insights from the world outside the conference room..56. What do we learn about a group’s IQ?A) It equals the total intelligence of the group members.B) It determines the interactions among the group members.C) It can help measure an individual’s IQ score in the group.D) It can help predict the group’s performance on various tasks.57. What does Anita Williams Woolley say about the members of smart teams?A) They are carefully in choosing team members.B) They know clearly about one another’s social status.C) They pay attention to discussing the team’s work process.D) They are more likely to get work done immediately.58. According to Alex Sandy Pentland, a group’s intelligence______?A) can be expanded by the dominator of the group discussionB) can be brought down with the absence of the team leaderC) can be increased by members’ engagement in side conversationsD) is related to member’s direct contact with each other.59. What can be inferred from the case of a call center told by Pentland?A) Coffee breaks should be guaranteed to team members across the workday.B) Informal social contacts among members establish more efficient work.C) Team leaders’ informal meetings with members should be cancelled.D) Coffee breaks make members more efficient and satisfied with their jobs.60. By “Be open to external influences” (Line1, Para. 7), the author suggests_____.A) team members explore and discover independentlyC) team leaders improve the team’s work with fresh ideasB) team absorb new insights from the world outside the meeting roomD) teams regularly brainstorm outside the conference roomPassage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Experts in the food industry are thinking a lot about trash these days. Food waste has been a serious problem for restaurants and grocery stores-with millions of tons lost along the way as crops are hauled hundreds of miles, stored for weeks in refrigerators and prepared on busy restaurant assembly lines.Restaurants, college, hospitals and other institutions are compensating for the rising costs of waste in novel ways. “We have all come to work with this big elephant in the middle of the kitchen, and the elephant is this ‘It’s okay to waste’s belief system,” said Andrew Shackman, president of LeanPath, a company that helps restaurants cut back food waste.Freshman students at Virginia Tech were surprised this year when they entered two of the campus’s biggest dining halls to find there were no cafeteria trays. “You have to go back and get your deal. You and your drink, but it’s not that different,” said Caitlin Mewborn, a freshman. “It’s not a big deal. You take less food, and you don’t eat more than you should.” Getting rid of trays has cut food waste by 38 percent at the cafeterias, said Denny Cochrane, manager of Virginia Tech’s sustainability program.Before the program began, students often grabbed whatever looked good at the buffet(自助餐), only to find at the table that their eyes were bigger than their stomachs, he said.That same phenomenon often happens at Oregon’s Portland International Airport. Busy travelers often discard half-eaten meals into trash cans, adding dozens of tons of waste that the airport must pay the city to haul away. Now the airport is working on a three-year-old program to install food –only trash cans. The food waste is collected in biodegradable(能生物降解的) bags and given to the city to use as compost(堆肥), said Stan Jones, environmental protection manager at the airport.Besides being environmentally friendly, the changes may save the airport money. It costs about $82 to have one ton of trash hauled from the airport to the city landfill. But food waste costs about $48 a ton to haul. Last year, the airport was able to separate 165 tons of food from the trash stream, which would add up to $ 5,600 in hauling fees alone.61. According to the first paragraph, ______.A) lots of food are wasted as crops are hauled from far awayB) food waste is the most serious problem for restaurants and storesC) experts put forward many proposals to solve the issue of trashD) busy restaurant assembly lines produce millions of tons of trash62. What does Andrew Shackman say we should pay attention to?A) How to use novel ways to compensate for the costs of waste.B) How to get ride of the “It’s okay to waste” belief system.C) How to haul tons of food waste in the middle of the kitchen.D) How to call for institutions to deal with the issue of food waste.63. The program operated at Virginia Tech_______.A) does not work on freshman studentsB) has cut food waste at the cafeteriasC) makes students take more food at the buffetD) makes students eat less than they should64. What do we learn about Oregon’s Portland International Airport?A) The travelers there have to pay the airport to haul away waste.B) The food waste there will be used as compost in the city.C) Food-only trash cans were installed there 3 years ago.D) The travelers there are not allowed to discard half-eaten meals.65. What is the impact of the program of Oregon’s Portland International Airport?A) It helps the airport to keep a friendly environment.B) It increases compost used in the city landfill.C) It reduced the cost on hauling trash from the airport.D) It promotes the application of biodegradable bags.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet.中国的古代长城是古代中国的军事防御建筑。