高中英语阅读理解之词义猜测题
高一英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题答案解析版

高一英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题答案解析版1.The author uses the word "jubilant" in the passage. What does it mean?A.angryB.happyC.sadD.tired答案:B。
解析:在文章中可以通过作者描述的场景和氛围来猜测词义。
文中提到人们在庆祝活动中,脸上洋溢着笑容,由此可推断“jubilant”是高兴的意思。
选项A“angry”生气不符合庆祝活动的氛围;选项C“sad”悲伤也与场景不符;选项D“tired”疲惫同样不恰当。
2.In the story, the word "scurry" is mentioned. What's the meaning?A.walk slowlyB.run quicklyC.jump highD.stand still答案:B。
解析:根据上下文,文中描述小动物们在听到声音后迅速行动,可推测“scurry”是快速跑的意思。
选项A“walk slowly”走得慢与迅速行动不符;选项C“jump high”跳得高不相关;选项D“stand still”站着不动也不对。
3.The word "mellow" appears in the text. What does it mean?A.sharpB.softC.loudD.quiet答案:B。
解析:从文章中对音乐或氛围的描述可以推断“mellow”的意思。
文中提到音乐让人放松,氛围很温和,所以“mellow”是柔和的意思。
选项A“sharp”尖锐不符合;选项C“loud”大声不对;选项D“quiet”安静不准确。
4.The author writes about a "vivacious" person. What does "vivacious" mean?A.boringB.livelyC.shyD.calm答案:B。
高中英语阅读理解词义猜测题学习讲义

高中英语阅读理解词义猜测题(讲案)(一)识别和判断猜词题题干特征常见命题形式1. 意义类The word “...” probably means ______.By saying “...” we mean ______.“...” as used in the passage can best be defined as ______.2. 替代类The underlined word “...” could best be replaced by ______.Which of the following words can take the place of the word “...”?What do you think the expression “...” stand for?3. 指代类The word “...” refers to ______.(二)猜词类题目解题技巧1. 利用上下文语境来猜测词义Passage 3There are so many ways to make new friends such as joining a sports team, taking part in community activities, or traveling. And there is no doubt that a friend in need is a friend indeed because he can help you out when you are in trouble or encourage you when you are upset. So, joining a sports team will be my first choice.The primary reason for this is that everyone in a sports team has the same interest, which is the most basic character for friends. Because of it, they will become your potential friends so that the chance to be friends is very high. In addition, the same interest can give you a lot of topics to talk about with your friends in daily conversation.(2017-2018,省实验高一上期期中考试,B)1. 【★★★】The underline word “potential” can be replaced by .A. beatB. suitableC. reliableD. possible【答案】D【解析】词义猜测题。
高中英语阅读理解之猜词题(思维导图+练习含答案)

阅读理解之猜词题(解析版)猜词悟义是应用英语的重要能力,也是高考阅读理解中必考的题型。
它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。
同时,考生应掌握一些猜词技巧,通过定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义、构词、常识及上下文线索等确定词义。
一、思维导图二、方法点拨1. 设问方式•The underlined word “ … ” refers to/ (probably) means .•“…” as used in the pa ssage can best be defined as…•What do you think the expression “…” stands for?•What does the underlined word “…” refer to in the last paragraph?•Which of the following words can take the place of the word “ … ”?•The underlined word “…” could best be replaced by…•Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word “ … ”?•What does the author mean by “…” in paragraph 2?2. 七大技巧1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语,下面接着出现其定义或解释。
标点符号,如逗号后的解释(名词同位语)、破折号后的解释、括号内的解释等。
这都是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。
例如:例子1Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.29.Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful. D.Modern.[分析]根据画线词所在句子可知,人类社会发展的很多因素导致许多语言消失,而逐渐被英语、西班牙语、汉语等语言取代,画线词前后的解释暗示了这些语言逐渐占主导地位,故选C项powerful (强大的,有影响力的)。
高中英语阅读理解精析精练-猜测词义

命题点4 猜测词义本类考题解答锦囊英语的一个显著特点是它庞大的词汇数量。
即使一个拥有上万单词量的人在阅读英语读物中也难免会遇到生词。
如果每遇到生词,就查阅词典,不但会降低阅读速度,而且往往使阅读变得索然无味。
据调查,影响人们阅读理解的,首先是词汇。
因此学习并掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法,对排除阅读时某些生词的干扰,降低生词率是十分必要的。
任何一个买词,只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。
NMET阅读理解中猜测词义的考查内容既可以是文中的生词,也可以是熟词新义、短语或句子。
但都要求考生根据上下文线索(即具体语境)作出推断。
此类题的提问形式一般有:1. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to"... "?2. The underlined word, means_______.3. The underlined phrase, means_______.4. The underlined sentence, means_______.利用上下文的提示猜测词义的方法有如下几种:1.根据定义或解释猜测词义【例题】(1)A calendar is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year.根据定义, calendar 的意思是日历.。
(2)A biography is the story of a person's life written by someone else 根据定义,biography 的意思是凡别人写的生平叫做传记。
(3)Some writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the USA--money, Success or expensive things to buy. 2.破折号后而的内容是对value 一词的具体解释。
高中英语阅读理解技巧之词义猜测题

√C. Strong D. interesting
What skills have we learnt?
1.通过对比和比较找出反义词,近义词 来猜测词义(synonym,antonym)
脆的
4.定义法
解题技巧四:
根据 定义(definition)来猜 测词义
常用提示词:that is,be defined as, be known as , be called, mean 等.
skill4
1.) The young man was bashful that he did not dare to speak to the pretty girl.
英语阅读理解技巧之 词义猜测题
(word-guessing)
Lead-in(导入)
词义猜测题常用的提问方式有:
1)The underlined word / phrase in the passage means ____.
2)The word "it / them"in the first paragraph refers to ____.
2.根据因果关系猜测词义(cause and effect)
3.根据 定义来猜测词义(definition)
4.根据 构词法:前缀、后缀来猜测词义
5.根据 列举的事例来猜测词义 (example)
6.通过上下文语境来猜测词义(context)
1. When Andrea Peterson did her first teaching job, she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies .
高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题 附答案

阅读理解专项突破III词义猜测【命题特点】考查根据上下文推测生词和短语的能力,突出考查对语境的分析和把握的能力。
【常见考法】1. The underlined word “…”probably means____.2. The word “…”used in paragraph “…”refers to/suggests____.3. The phrase “…”in the sentence can be replaced by ____.4. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word “…”?5. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph “…”?6. By saying “…”, we mean_____.7. What do you think of the expression “…”stands for?8. The meaning of word “…”in the passage is related to_____.一.通过定义或解释推测语义有些概念性生词出现后,作者会给出它的定义、同位语、修饰性从句或是定语。
这些修饰成分可以帮助我们推断出生词的语义(1)定义句的谓语动词在文中多为:be, mean, deal with, be considered to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define(下定义), represent, signify(表示,表明), constitute(指。
)等。
(2)解释则常用as you know, to be called, to mean, to refer to, that is(to say), in other words, namely 等词语以及同位语和定语从句来提示下文将前面的信息加以重复或解释。
最新高考英语阅读理解专题猜测词义题完整版

最新高考英语阅读理解专题指导-猜测词义题在阅读中我们经常会遇到许多生词。
这时许多同学立即翻阅词典,查找词义。
这样做不但费时费力,而且影响阅读速度、影响对语篇的整体把握。
事实上,阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。
我们可以利用语境(各种已知信息)推测、判断某些生词的词义。
近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜词义能力的考查,因此,掌握一定的猜词技巧,对突破高考阅读理解、提高我们的英语语言能力都有非常重要的意义。
常见的题干有:1) Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word ?2) The word... could best be replaced by.3) In the... paragraph, the word... means (refers to).4) According to the passage,... probably means.5) The author uses the word... to mean.猜测词义时,一般可利用以下四个方面的线索:一是针对性的解释针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想,在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或高深的词汇等所做的通俗化的解释。
这些解释提供的信息明确具体,所使用的语言通俗易懂,利用它们来猜测词义就非常简单。
1. 根据定义( definition )猜测词义如果生词有一个句子(定语从句或是同位语<同位语前常有or, similarly, that is tosay, in other words, namely, or other, say, i.g. 等>或是同位语从句)或段落来定义或使用破折号,冒号,分号后的内容和引号括号中的内容加以解释和定义,那么理解这个句子或段落本身就是推断词义。
定义常用的谓语动词多为:be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to, signify 等。
高中英语阅读理解词义猜测与细节理解综合单选题60题

高中英语阅读理解词义猜测与细节理解综合单选题60题1.The word "elusive" in the passage probably means_____.A.easy to findB.difficult to catchC.beautifulD.important答案:B。
解析:根据上下文可知这个词所在的句子描述某个事物很难找到或捕捉到,A 选项easy to find 与“elusive”意思相反;C 选项beautiful 和D 选项important 与上下文语境不符,只有B 选项difficult to catch 符合“难以捕捉”这个意思。
2.The term "prolific" in the text is closest in meaning to_____.A.unproductiveB.productiveC.dangerousD.harmful答案:B。
解析:结合上下文可以推断出这个词是形容某人或某物多产的,A 选项unproductive 是“不生产的”与“prolific”意思相反;C 选项dangerous 和D 选项harmful 与多产这个意思毫无关系,B 选项productive 有“多产的”意思,符合题意。
3.The word "obscure" in the passage can be best replaced by_____.A.clearB.famousC.unknownD.popular答案:C。
解析:从上下文中可以看出这个词是说某个事物不为人知,A 选项clear 是“清晰的”与“obscure”意思相反;B 选项famous 和 D 选项popular 都是“著名的、流行的”与语境不符,C 选项unknown 表示“未知的”符合题意。
4.The expression "perplexing" in the text means_____.A.easy to understandB.confusingC.interestingD.boring答案:B。
高考英语阅读理解------词义猜测题解题技巧

superman (超人)
nonnatural (非自然的)
homeless (无家可归的)
rebuild (重建)
microwave (微波)
mispronouce (发错音)
nonsmoker (非烟民)
eastwards (向东)
Eg. I’m going to buy a microbus.
them指的是前面出现的self-published art magazines
However, the question that “moon people” asked is still an interesting one. A growing number of scientists are seriously thinking about it.
1. Definition 定义法: 一般通过定义、定语 (从句)或同位语(从句)来确定词义。常 用逗号,破折号,冒号等。
It will be very hard but very brittle — that is , it will break easily.
(adj. 易碎的, 脆的)
The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.
高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧题技巧要求根据阅读材料所提供的信息结合中学生应有的常识和经验正确判断生词词组的含义或成熟词在特定语境中表达的具体含义以及一些句子的意思
---猜测词义
考纲解读
猜测词义题: 词义猜测能力是英语高考阅
读理解能力的主要组成部分,是历年高考中 的必考题型,主要考查对文中关键词语(实 词、短语、指代关系等)的理解。而且,所 考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上,
高中英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题

高中英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题1.The boy was so excited that he ran around the park like a wild animal. What does “wild” mean?A.tameB.calmC.fierceD.gentle答案:C。
“wild”在这里的意思是“凶猛的、狂野的”。
在这个句子中,男孩像个野生动物一样在公园里跑,说明他非常兴奋,行为比较激烈。
选项A“tame”是“温顺的”;选项B“calm”是“平静的”;选项D“gentle”是“温柔的”,都不符合语境。
通过上下文可以推断出男孩的行为很激烈,所以“wild”应该是“fierce”的意思。
词义猜测的技巧是根据上下文的描述来判断单词的意思。
2.The old man sat on the bench, looking at the beautiful sunset. What does “bench” mean?A.chairB.tableC.sofaD.long seat答案:D。
“bench”在这里的意思是“长凳”。
在这个句子中,老人坐在长凳上看美丽的日落。
选项A“chair”是“椅子”;选项B“table”是“桌子”;选项C“sofa”是“沙发”,都不符合语境。
通过上下文可以推断出老人坐在一个可以坐的地方看日落,而且“bench”通常是指长凳。
词义猜测的技巧是根据上下文的描述和常识来判断单词的意思。
3.The girl was wearing a beautiful dress with colorful flowers on it. What does “colorful” mean?A.blackB.whiteC.monochromeD.multi-colored答案:D。
“colorful”在这里的意思是“多彩的”。
在这个句子中,女孩穿着一件有彩色花朵的漂亮裙子,说明裙子的颜色很丰富。
高中英语阅读-词义猜测类

专题一阅读理解第4讲词义猜测题[真题演练]A(2016·全国卷Ⅱ,阅读理解B)Five years ago,when I taught art at a school in Seattle,I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student,and said:“Make something out of the Tinkertoys.You have 45 minutes today—and 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week.”A few students hesitated to start.They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided.Another group built something out of their own imaginations.Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time.His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home.I was delighted at the presence of such a student.Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside.I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.Without fail one would declare,“But I'm just not creative.”“Do you dream at night when you're asleep?”“Oh,sure.”“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.”The student would tell something wildly imaginative.Flying in the sky or i n a time machine or growing three heads.“That's pretty creative.Who does that for you?”“Nobody.I do it.”“Really—at night,when you're asleep?”“Sure.”“Try doing it in the daytime,in class,okay?”[语篇解读] 本文属于记叙文,作者通过让学生拼装玩具培养学生的创造性和想象力。
高考英语阅读理解中词义猜测题猜词题

(1)利用所出现生词的上文与其意义上的联系或下文进 一步的叙述,猜测词义。例如: the female mosquito is a vampire and lives on blood . (2)利用文中的例子猜测词义 。 例如 :Some artists plan their paintings around geometric forms like squares ,circles and triangles . (3)利用文中说明词义的同位语或定语等猜测词义。 例如:The type of meter is called multimeter ,which is used to measure electricity .
(4)利用文中所出现的,与某生词或词组意义相 反的内容猜测词义。 例如:American businessman expect employees to be punctual .They do not expect that the workers will come late . (5) 利用构词法知识猜测词义。 例如:Exhibition officials said that a person bitten by one of these snakes would need at least 80ml of an antipoison medicine to be saved .
高考英语阅读理解之词义猜测题解题技巧及练习

高考英语词义猜测题解题技巧与练习做阅读理解,最怕遇到生词,不仅影响文章的理解,也会拖慢阅读速度,而在阅读理解当中,生词又是不可防止的,如何解决呢?Part1:知识点讲解类属法即通过类属来推测词义。
如:Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconutsandsomeotherkindsoffruitgrowinwarmareas.说明:从句意我们知道pineapples和coconuts与bananas,oranges是同类事物,同属水果(准确地说是“菠萝〞和“椰子〞)。
推理法即根据文章的前后语境推出生词的词义。
如:Thatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitsinoneday.说明:既然一天之内看不完所有的展品,那么immense的意思应该是“很大〞了。
Everyoneagreedthatthewomaninthephotowasgorgeous.Itwaseasytoseewhyshehadwonthebeautycontest.说明:既然“她在选美比赛中获胜〞,说明她“很美丽〞(gorgeous)。
列举法即通过对文章所列举的事物来猜测生词的词义。
如:Childrenlikesuchcreaturesasdogsandmonkeys.说明:像dogs和monkeys之类的“creatures,〞显然creatures的意思应是“动物〞。
Inyoursparetime,youmaylookthroughanyoftheseperiodicals:TimeMagazine,NewsWeek,orTheNewWorker.说明:periodical是生词,但根据其后所列举的例子,我们可以推测出它的意思可能是“期刊〞或“杂志〞。
■构词法即根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识判断生词的词义。
如:Overworkmaycausediseases.说明:前缀over-的意思是“过分的,过量的〞,故overwork的意思应为“工作过度〞。
超实用备战高考英语考试易错题——阅读理解:词义猜测题(4大陷阱) (解析版)

易错点16 阅读理解词义猜测题目录01 易错陷阱(3大陷阱)02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】词义/词组指代易混易错点【易错点提醒二】代词指代猜测易混易错点【易错点提醒三】句意猜测易混易错点03 易错题通关养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
易错陷阱1:词义/词组指代易混易错点。
【分析】这类题错误主要因为基础词汇量积累和词根词缀积累不足,根据构词法猜词是阅读理解必不可少的能力。
平时应当大量积累单词,同时利用前后的同位关系或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。
易错陷阱2:代词指代猜测易混易错点。
【分析】阅读材料中的每个词与它前面的词语或句子甚至段落都有着密切的关联。
有时代词与指代的对象相隔较远,应当对前面提到的内容进行总结,认真查找,才能得出代词所指代的事。
易错陷阱3:句意猜测易混易错点。
【分析】此类题型应当定位画线句子,充分利用语法和逻辑关系分析原句。
同时分析理解画线句前后的语境,合理归纳总结找出与原句意思相同的选项并代入画线处验证。
切不可因为句中出现熟词,而脱离语境,望文生义。
【易错点提醒一】词义/词组指代易混易错点【例1】(湖南省常德市临澧一中2023-2024学年高三阶段试题)She programmed an IBM 7030 Stretch computer, providing faster calculations for an accurate Earthmodel. This detailed mathematical model of the shape of the Earth was a building block for what would become the GPS orbit.What does the underlined phrase “a building block” in paragraph 5 mean?A.A basic part.B.A detailed map.C.A building material.D.A major obstacle.【答案】A【解析】词句猜测题。
高中英语阅读理解猜词题单选题60题(答案解析)

高中英语阅读理解猜词题单选题60题(答案解析)1.The new technology is so advanced that it seems almost magical. The word "advanced" in this context probably means____.A.simpleplexC.developedD.old答案:C。
解析:在这个语境中,后面提到“似乎几乎是神奇的”,说明这项新技术很先进。
选项A“simple”简单的;选项B“complex”复杂的;选项C“developed”发达的、先进的;选项D“old”旧的、老的。
根据上下文可推断出“advanced”意思是先进的、发达的,即选项C。
猜词技巧:根据后文的描述来推断词义。
2.In the article, it is mentioned that the scientist is working on a revolutionary device. The word "revolutionary" here most likely means____.A.ordinaryB.old-fashionedC.groundbreakingD.small答案:C。
解析:文中提到科学家在研究一个设备,“revolutionary”修饰这个设备,通常表示具有革命性的。
选项A“ordinary”普通的;选项B“old-fashioned”过时的;选项C“groundbreaking”开创性的、革命性的;选项D“small”小的。
根据上下文可推断出“revolutionary”意思是开创性的、革命性的,即选项C。
猜词技巧:根据修饰的对象和通常的表达习惯来推断词义。
3.The new software has a lot of features that make it stand out from others. The word "features" in this sentence probably means____.A.problemsB.advantagesC.characteristicsD.errors答案:C。
高考英语阅读理解-词义推测题

高考阅读理解词义推测题专项词义猜测题是利用语境(上下文)推测、判断某些生词词义的题。
常见的考题形式有:1.The word“….”refers to/probably means…..2.The underlined word could be replaced by….3.Which of the following words can take the place of “…..”?4.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph5 refer to?5.What does the underlined word “disheveled” mean?实战演练A(全国II)Thousands of people living in the Chinese capital will celebrate the start of the Chinese New year by heading for the ski resorts (滑雪场). Never mind that Beijing's dry weather seldom produces snow. It is cold enough in winter for snow-making machines to make a covering for the hills north to the capital. And the rapid growth of a pleasure-seeking middle class has formed the basis for this new craze(热潮).Since Beijing's first ski resort was opened ten years ago, the sport has enjoyed astonishing increase. There are now more than a dozen resorts. Clothes markets in the city have added bright colored ski suits to their winter collections. Mr. Wei, a manager of a newly-opened ski resort in Beijing, sees the growth of an industry that could soon lead Chinese to head for the ski resorts of Europe, In recent years ski resorts offering natural snow have opened in China. But many are in faraway areas of the country and can't really match the equipment and services of some ski resorts in Europe.Beijing's skiing craze is partly a result of the recent increase in private (私有的) cars. This has led to the growth of a Leisure industry in the capital's suburbs (郊区), which until the late-1990s were unreachable to ordinary people, According to Mr. Wei, about 40% of the visitors to his resort come in their own cars. The rest are bused in by schools, businesses or government Offices.The problem is making money. Starting ski resorts requires quite a lot of money; hiring land from the local government, preparing the hills, buying snow machines, making sure there are enough water and electricity to run them, and buying ski equipment for hiring out to customers.The ski resort where Mr. Wei works cost nearly $4m to set up. And. as so often in China when someone comes up with a good idea, many others rush in and price wars break out. Beijing now offers some of the cheapest ski training classes in the world, though with most people rather new to the sport, expecting a few more doing the same job.1. What does this text mainly talk about?A. Convenience for skiers brought about by private cars.B. Skiing as a new way of enjoying one's spare time.C. Things to be considered when starting a ski resort.D. A sudden increase of ski training classes in Beijing.2. Why are some Chinese likely to go skiing in Europe?A. To visit more ski areas.B. To ski on natural snow.C. For a large collection of ski suits.D. For better services and equipment.3. The underlined words "leisure industry" in Paragraph 3 refer to__________.A. transport to ski resortsB. production of family carsC. business of providing spare time enjoymentsD part-time work for people living in the suburbs4. What is the main problem in running a ski resort?A. Difficulty in hiring land.B. Lack of business experience.C. Price wars with other ski resorts,D. Shortage of water and electricityB(北京)The Cost of Higher EducationIndividuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduatesearn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of government. Using taxpayers’ money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy.If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And there teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest.Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education.1. The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refers to __________.A. taxpayersB. pressing callsC. college graduatesD. government resources2. The author thinks that with full government funding __________.A. teachers are less satisfiedB. students are more demandingC. students will become more competentD. teachers will spend less time on teaching3. The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to __________.A. argue against free university educationB. call on them to finance students’ studiesC. encourage graduates to go into businessD. show their contribution to higher educationC(天津)Why play games? Because they are fun, and a 1ot more besides. Following the rules…planning your next move...acting as a team member…these are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout your life.Think about some off the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are entertaining and fun. But perhaps more importantly, they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such as taking turns and cooperating (合作) .Many children’s games have a practical side Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups. For instance, some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones. Which sharpens the hand-eye coordination(协调)needed in hunting.Many sports encourage national or local pride. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games, bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition. People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who earned it. For countries experiencing natural disasters or war, an Olympic win can mean so much.Sports are also an event that unites people. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. People on all continents play it—some for fun and some for a living. Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian soccer player, has discovered a way to spread hope through soccer. He created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccerballs but also a promising future.Next time you play your favorite game or sport, think about why you enjoy it, what skills are needed, and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life.1. Through playing hide-and-seek, children are expected to learn to ________.A. be a team leaderB. obey the basic rulesC. act as a grown-upD. predict possible danger2. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that games can________.A. describe life in an exciting wayB. turn real-life experiences into a playC. make learning life skills more interestingD. change people’s views of sporting event s3. According to the passage, why is winning Olympic medals so encouraging?A. It inspires people’s deep love for the country.B. It proves the exceptional skills of the winners.C. It helps the country out of natural disasters.D. It earns the winners fame and fortune.4. Iribarne’s goal of forming the foundation is to _______.A. bring fun to poor kidsB. provide soccer balls for childrenC. give poor kids a chance for a better lifeD. appeal to soccer players to help poor kids5.What can be inferred from the passage?A. Games benefit people all their lives.B. Sports can get all athletes together.C. People are advised to play games for fun.D. Sports increase a country’s competitiveness.D(重庆)One morning more than thirty years ago. I entered the Track Kitchen, a restaurant where everyone from the humblest (卑微的) to the most powerful came for breakfast. I noticed and empty chair next to an elderly. Unshaven man, who looked somewhat disheveled. He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone; I asked if I might join him. He agreed quietly and I sat down to have my breakfast.We cautiously began a conversation and spoke about a wide range of things. We never introduced ourselves. I was concerned that he might are no money and not be able to afford something to eat. So as I rose to go back to the counter and buy a second cup of coffee, I asked.“May I get you something?”“A coffee would he nice.”Then I bought him a cup of coffee. We talked more, and he accepted another cup of coffee. Finally, I rose to leave, wished him well, and headed for the exit. At the door I met one of my friends. He asked.“How did you get to know Mr. Galbreath?”“Who?”“The man you were sitting with. He is chairman of the Board of Churchill Downs. ”I could hardly believe it. I was buying, offering a free breakfast, and feeling pity for one of the world’s richest and most powerful men ! ”My few minutes with Mr. Galbreath changed my life. Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and to meet another human being with kindness and sincerely.1. What does the underlined word “disheveled” mean?A. UnfriendlyB. untidyC. GentleD. kind2. The author bought coffee for the old man because ______.A. he thought the old man was poorB. he wanted to start a conversationC. he intended to how his politenessD. he would like to thank the old man3. How did the author probablyy feel after he talked with his friend?A. ProudB. PitifulC. SurpriseD. Regretful4. What is the message mainly expressed in the story?A. We should learn to be generousB. It is honorable to help those in need.C. People in high position are not like what we expectD. We should avoid judging people by their appearances.E(课标全国卷)There were smiling children all the way. Clearly they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang. Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives. This is the simple village people of Malaysia. I was moved.I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time I was on a train. I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. I looked about the train. There was not one familiar face. I sighed and sat down to read my Economics.It was not long before the train was across the Causeway and in Malaysia. Johore Baru was just another city like Singapore, so I was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past. As we went beyond the city, I watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green. Then the first village came into sight. Immediately I came alive; I decided to wave back.From then on my journey became interesting. I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life. Then everything came alive. The mountains seemed to speak to me. Even the trees were smiling. I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time.The day passed fast and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry. I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3:00 pm. Soon the train pulled up atButterworth. I looked at the people all around me. They all looked beautiful. When my uncle arrived with a smile, I threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug (拥抱). I had never done this before. He seemed surprised and then his weather-beaten face warmed up with a huge smile. We walked arm in arm to his car.I looked forward to the return journey.1. The author expected the train trip to be________ .A. adventurousB. pleasantC. excitingD. dull2. What did the author remember most fondly of her train trip?A. The friendly country people.B. The mountains along the way.C. The crowds of people in the streets.D. The simple lunch served on the train.3. Which of the following words can best take the place of the word "relish" in the second paragraph?A. chooseB. enjoyC. prepare forD. carry on4. Where was the writer going?A. Johore BaruB. The Causeway.C. ButterworthD. Singapore5. What can we learn from the story?A. Comfort in traveling by train.B. Pleasure of living in the country.C. Reading gives people delight.D. Smiles brighten people up.。
高中英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文联系题40题

高中英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文联系题40题1. In the passage, the word "dazzle" probably means _.A. amazeB. blindC. shineD. decorate答案:A。
本题考查根据上下文猜测词义。
文中提到这个词所在的情境是让人感到惊叹,A 选项“使惊奇”符合文意;B 选项“使失明”与文意不符;C 选项“发光”也不太恰当;D 选项“装饰”与语境无关。
2. The word "hazard" in the text can be best replaced by _.A. dangerB. chanceC. difficultyD. opportunity答案:A。
文中描述的情况表明这个词与危险相关,A 选项“危险”正确;B 选项“机会”不合适;C 选项“困难”不太准确;D 选项“机会”也不符合。
3. What does the word "embarrass" mean in the following sentence? He felt very embarrassed when he made a mistake in front of so many people.A. 使高兴B. 使尴尬C. 使困惑D. 使生气答案:B。
从句子中他在很多人面前犯错会感到的情绪可知是尴尬,B 选项正确;A 选项“使高兴”错误;C 选项“使困惑”不对;D 选项“使生气”也不符合。
4. In the context, the word "procrastinate" means _.A. hurryB. delayC. prepareD. finish答案:B。
根据文中描述的行为可知是拖延的意思,B 选项“延迟”正确;A 选项“赶快”相反;C 选项“准备”无关;D 选项“完成”也不符合。
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高中英语阅读理解之词义猜测题
文水中学赵爱丽词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力,也是高考阅读理解中必考的题型。
同学们应加强训练通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及语境等确定词义的技能。
由于猜测词义题涉及题材背景、句子结构、文章主旨、作者的观点态度等,因此联系主旨、整合上下文信息是解答这类题的关键。
命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生,同学们要特别注意熟词生义,切不可脱离语境主观臆断。
我们必须熟练掌握的猜测词义的方法有:(一)根据构词法判断词义
三种构词法,即合成、转化、派生,是我们猜测词义需掌握的基本方法。
合成法:通过构成合成词的每个单词的含义猜测和领会其含义;转化法:通过一个词的本意猜测出它转化后的意思,常见的是名词和动词、形容词和动词以及形容词和名词之间的相互转化;派生法:由一个词根加前缀(prefix)或后缀(suffix)构成词的方法称为派生法。
一般来说,前缀改变词义,后缀改变词性。
所以掌握了一些基本的词汇和词缀,我们就可以猜测出很多词的意义。
(二)根据语境判断词义
这是提高阅读速度和理解率必备的判断断词义的能力。
语境可能是一个句子、几个句子、甚至一个段落或通篇文章。
我们可分别将其称为小语境、中语境和大语境。
1. 小语境
(1) 定义式
常用的词有:be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to
等。
例1:Mark Twain was not the author‘s real name; it was a
pseudonym.
例2:Mechanized farming means the use of modern machinery on farms.
(2) 例举式
常用词有:for example, for instance, such as, like等。
例1:Newly-married young people often spend some of their money on appliances, for instance, washing-machines, refrigerators and televisions.
例2:
Doctors suggest that everyone should exercise every day, especially those who do sedentary
work ,like reading, typing and sewing.
(3)
重述式
常用词有:and, or, similarly, that is (to say), in other words, namely, say, i.e. 等
例1:Red had the longest wavelength; that is, the distance between each wave is longest in red
light than in any other color.
例2:
The football player was penalized for his rudeness and the punishment was a good lesson for him. (4)
同位语
构成同位关系的两部分之间常用逗号连接,有时也使用破折号,冒号,分号,引号和括号等。
例1:Dr. Baker is a member of an agricultural mission, a group of experts on better farming methods.
例2:(05浙江卷B篇)
In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today.
(5)修饰限定式
从定语从句或状语从句提供的限定或修饰信息来猜测词义。
例1:The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.
例2:The man is a tramp, who goes from place to place and does no regular work.
例3:The floor was so cluttered with many toys that Mom had difficulty walking to the door.
2. 中语境
(1) 对比关系:有些表示转折关系的连词、介词短语和副词等使前后的意思构成对比。
我们可以利用这种对比关系,判断生词的含义。
常用的词有:although; even though/if; while; but; yet; however; instead; rather than; unlike; far from; on the other hand; unfortunately等。
(2) 同义关系和平行关系:作者在写文章时,为避免重复,同一概念常用不同的同义词。
这种同义关系为我们猜词带来了方便。
常用词:and; or; not only…but also…; besides; similarly; likewise; in the same way, like, just as, also, as well as, in other words 或用分号引出相同或类似的词。
另外在特定的情况下,作者经常通过一连串同一类型或同一范畴的词语来表达其思想。
如果有一生词在这一系列的同一范畴的词语中,
可以通过这些词语的特征和语义范围推断出生词的词义范围。
(3) 因果关系:在句子或段落中,若两个事物现象之间构成因果关系,可以根据这种逻辑关系推测生词词义。
常见的提示词有:because,as,since,for,so,thus,as a result,therefore 等。
(4) 根据替代、说明、描述等关系猜测词义:在句子或段落中,我们可以利用熟悉的词语,根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义。
3. 大语境
在阅读中,如果通过小语境或中语境还不能猜出该词的词义,可扩大语境来理解该词的
词义。
例1:Annie‘s mother died when she was eight years old. Two years later, her father disappeared, never to be heard from again. Annie and her brother were sent to an orphanage.
例2:A very snobbish woman met George Bernard Shaw, the famous English play writer, at a garden party one afternoon. She was the sort of woman who was only interested in people who were rich and fam ous, and she was very eager to have Shaw as a guest in her own home so she could show him off to h er friends.
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