语法基础it的用法

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四、it 用作形式主语
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、 动名词, 而把真正作主语的从句、 动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
1. 代作主语的动词不定式 1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词: easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license.
It is Friday today. date It was very cold last Monday. weather It is about 8:30 now. time It is about 25km from Longxian to Bazi. distance It lies in the south of Shaoguan city. place It is 40°C ! You got a high fever! temperature Conclusion: it 可以用作非人称代词, 表示_日__期__, _天__气__, __时__间__, _距__离___, _地__点___, _温__度___等。
2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词: kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, careful careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy. It's kind of you to help me with the problem.
⑤ It is easy to open a shop but hard to keep it always open. 创业容易守业难。
⑥ It takes three generations (代) to make a gentleman. 十年树木, 百年树人。
Read and analyze the sentences.
一、 用作人称代词, 代表前面提到的人或事物 1) Who’s it? ___It_’_s___ me. 2) Look at the picture. __I_t __ is a picture of our school.
二、用于代替指示代词this 和that。 ---Is this jacket yours? ---Yes, __i_t___ is.
3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型
It’s no good/use doing… It’s (well) worth doing… It’s (well) worth while doing/ to do It’s no use crying over spilt milk.
2. it作形式主语替代主语从句 ①It is adj. + clause It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain …) that ... 该句型中it 是形式主语, 真正的主语是 that 引导的主语从句, 常译为“清楚(显然, 真的……)”, 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 e.g. It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.
① It is never too old to learn. 活到老, 学到老。
② It is easier to fall than to rise. 摔倒容易爬起来难。
③ It is no use crying over spilt (溢出的) milk. 覆水难收。
④ It never rains but it pours(泼水). 不鸣则已, 一鸣惊人。
三、用以表示时间、距离、天气、气候、 季节、环境等
1) It is half past eight now. Time 2) It’s only half an hour’s walk from here
to our school. Distance 3) I hope that it will be fine tomorrow. Weather 4) It has rained much this year. Weather 5) It’s spring now. Season 6) It’s quiet here. Circumstance
牢记以下常用于该句型的形容词
It is clear/obvious/true/possible/certain/ amazing/ridiculous等+ that从句.
思考: 为什么要用it做形式主语而把真正 主语放到后面去?
遵循英语语言的尾重原则, 避免句子 头重脚轻。
The use of “it”
Grammar The use of “it”
Talk about the following pictures, using
It is no use/good doing sth 做……没有用/不好 It is fun doing sth 做……很有趣
还想跑? 甭想!
想追我?
没门!
Proverbs(谚语) with “It”
Read and analyze the sentences.
It is obvious that the water was to blame. It is true that he will treat me for breakfast tomorrow. It is certain that our class will do a good job in the finawenku.baidu.com exam. Is it possible that he will become the chairman of our country? It is amazing that at my age I still look like a student! 分析: it是 __形__式__主__语__, 句子真正的主语是 _t_h_a_t_引__导__的__主__语__从__句__。
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