定语从句汇总讲解1
定语从句知识点归纳
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定语从句知识点归纳定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它在句子中起到修饰、限定名词或代词的作用,能够使句子表达更加准确、丰富。
接下来,让我们详细地了解一下定语从句的相关知识点。
一、定语从句的定义定语从句是指在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
二、关系代词1、 thatthat 既可以指人也可以指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting(that 在从句中作宾语,指代“book”)2、 whichwhich 指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语。
例如:The house which is near the river is very old(which 在从句中作主语,指代“house”)3、 whowho 指人,在定语从句中作主语、宾语。
例如:The man who is standing there is my teacher(who 在从句中作主语,指代“man”)4、 whomwhom 指人,在定语从句中作宾语。
例如:The girl whom you met yesterday is my sister(whom 在从句中作宾语,指代“girl”)5、 whosewhose 既可以指人也可以指物,表示所属关系,在定语从句中作定语。
例如:The man whose car was stolen called the police(whose 在从句中作定语,修饰“car”)三、关系副词1、 whenwhen 表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
例如:I still remember the day when I first met you(when 在从句中作时间状语,指代“the day”)2、 wherewhere 表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
《定语从句》 讲义
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《定语从句》讲义一、什么是定语从句在英语语法中,定语从句是一种非常重要的句子结构。
简单来说,定语从句就是在一个句子中充当定语成分的从句。
它用来修饰、限定或说明先行词,即被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting (“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句,修饰先行词“the book”)二、定语从句的构成定语从句通常由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导。
关系代词有:that、which、who、whom、whose 等。
关系副词有:when、where、why 等。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分;关系副词在定语从句中充当状语。
三、关系代词的用法1、 that 既可以指人,也可以指物,在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语。
例如:The man that is standing there is my teacher (that 作主语,指人)The book that I bought is very useful (that 作宾语,指物)2、 which 指物,在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语。
例如:The house which was built last year is very beautiful (which 作主语)The pen which you gave me is very nice (which 作宾语)3、 who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。
例如:The girl who is singing is my sister (who 作主语)4、 whom 指人,在定语从句中作宾语。
例如:The man whom I met yesterday is very kind (whom 作宾语)5、 whose 表示“……的”,在定语从句中作定语。
例如:The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard (whose 作定语,修饰“father”)四、关系副词的用法1、 when 表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
(完整版)定语从句语法详解
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定语从句语法专题(Attributive Clauses)教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语,被修饰的名词或代词,叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl(who got the first prize.)girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as(主, 宾, 定)关系副词: when, where, why.(状语)2.关系词的作用:(1)引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用;(2)代替先行词在句中充当成分。
定语从句知识点总结简单
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定语从句知识点总结简单一、定语从句的概念定语从句是指修饰名词或代词的从句,用来限定或描述这个名词或代词的性质、特征等。
定语从句通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,用以补充说明名词或代词所指的具体内容。
二、定语从句的结构定语从句的结构包括先行词、关系代词或关系副词以及从句三个部分。
1. 先行词:即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词,通常在定语从句的前面。
2. 关系代词:在定语从句中起连接作用的代词,包括who, whom, whose, which, that等。
3. 关系副词:在定语从句中起连接作用的副词,包括where, when, why等。
三、关系代词和关系副词的用法1. who/whom/whose:关系代词,用来引导修饰人的定语从句。
例如:The girl who is standing there is my sister.The man whose car was stolen has reported to the police.2. which/that:关系代词,用来引导修饰物的定语从句,which一般只用于非限制性定语从句。
例如:The book which is on the table is mine.The pen that I lost last night is found.3. where:关系副词,用来引导修饰地点的定语从句。
例如:This is the school where I study.4. when:关系副词,用来引导修饰时间的定语从句。
例如:That was the day when we met for the first time.5. why:关系副词,用来引导修饰原因的定语从句。
例如:I don't understand the reason why he left so suddenly.以上是关系代词和关系副词的基本用法,需要根据具体的语境来选择适当的关联词。
定语从句讲解(完整版)
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定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构,用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。
在英语中,定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。
下面,我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。
一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。
引导词通常是先行词,即被修饰的名词或代词;关系词用于引导定语从句,并将先行词与从句连接起来;从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
1. 引导词:先行词通常是名词或代词,它可以是主语、宾语或表语。
例如:The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。
)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
)2. 关系词:关系词用于引导定语从句,并将先行词与从句连接起来。
关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。
例如: The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。
)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
)3. 从句:从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。
例如:那本书很有趣。
)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
)二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用,即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。
限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后,且不能用逗号与主句隔开。
例如: The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。
定语从句相关知识点总结
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定语从句相关知识点总结一、定语从句的概念。
1. 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
- 例如:I like the book which/that is very interesting. 其中“book”是先行词,“which/that is very interesting”是定语从句,用来修饰“book”。
二、关系代词的用法。
1. that.- 既可以指人也可以指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
- 当先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时,关系代词用that。
- 例如:All that can be done has been done.(先行词是“All”,关系代词“that”在从句中作主语)- 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词用that。
- 例如:This is the best film that I have ever seen.(先行词“film”被最高级“the best”修饰,关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语,可省略)- 当先行词被the only, the very, the same等修饰时,关系代词用that。
- 例如:This is the very book that I want.(先行词“book”被“the very”修饰,关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语)2. which.- 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
- 例如:The book which/that is on the desk is mine.(“which/that”在从句中作主语);I like the book which/that you lent me.(“which/that”在从句中作宾语)- 在非限制性定语从句(从句与主句之间用逗号隔开)中,只能用which,不能用that。
(完整word)定语从句讲解总结,推荐文档
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定语从句讲解一.定语从句1.注意英汉差异:汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面,而英语中的定语则不然,是一个词时,放在被修饰词的前面,如:①.a beautiful girl ②.a lovely boy是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面,如:③.She is the girl in red. 她就是穿红衣的女孩。
④.The lady carried a bag full of money. 那位女士背了个装满钱的包。
⑤.He is the man who you are looking for. 她就是你在找的人。
2.分清主句与从句,看究竟哪个句子缺少成分。
如上面第5:主句:He is the man从句:who you are looking for在从句中,looking for 的宾语是the man.因此选用关系代词 who(whom)放置于句首,便是定语从句。
3.从句中做宾语的关系代词可以省略,故第5题可以写成:He is the man you are looking for.二.定语从句(从句部分)1、功能:相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语2、位置:定语从句置于被修饰词之后Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先行词:被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词(1)先行词一般是名词和不定代词,如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词;或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词,人称代词也同样可作先行词。
(2)先行词与关系词是等量关系。
必须注意两点:①先行词在从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分,其意思就是先行词的意义,所以在从句中不能重复其意。
定语从句 知识点讲解
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定语从句知识点讲解定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分。
它用来修饰名词或代词,给出更多的信息,进一步限定或说明这个名词或代词。
一、定语从句的引导词在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词是引导词,它们引导定语从句的开始,起到连接作用。
1. 关系代词:关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that五个。
- Who用于表示人,在从句中做主语或宾语:This is the man whohelped me.- Whom用于表示人,在从句中做宾语:This is the man whom I met yesterday.- Whose用于表示人或物,在从句中做定语修饰:This is the man whose car was stolen.- Which用于表示物,在从句中做主语或宾语:This is the book whichI borrowed from the library.- That用于表示人或物,在从句中做主语或宾语,通常用于非限制性定语从句:This is the house that Jack built.(限制性)This is the house, which Jack built.(非限制性)2. 关系副词:关系副词有where, when, why三个。
第1页/共4页- Where用于表示地点,在从句中做状语:This is the place where we met.- When用于表示时间,在从句中也做状语:This is the time when we had a meeting.- Why用于表示原因,在从句中也做状语:This is the reason why he was late.二、定语从句的位置定语从句可以放在名词前面或后面,它是修饰名词的重要手段。
1. 定语从句放在名词前面:This is the book that I borrowed from the library.(这是我从图书馆借来的书。
定语从句知识点总结详细
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定语从句知识点总结详细一、定语从句的概念定语从句是一种对名词起修饰或限制作用的从句,它通常由关系词引导,用来进一步说明先行词的情况、属性或特征。
在句子中充当形容词,对名词进行修饰。
二、定语从句的用法1. 修饰名词定语从句通常用来修饰名词,对名词进行进一步的解释或者描述。
例如:The book that you recommended is very interesting.(你推荐的那本书非常有趣。
)2. 限制名词定语从句还可以作为限制性定语从句,用来对名词进行限定。
例如:I want to buy the pen which is on the table.(我想买桌子上的那支笔。
)三、定语从句的结构定语从句通常由关系代词或者关系副词引导,加上从句。
关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose等,关系副词有when, where, why等。
从句的结构可以是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等。
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰人或物,其结构如下:that(指人或物)which(指物)who(指人)whom(指人)whose(表所有关系)2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰时间、地点、原因等,其结构如下:when(指时间)where(指地点)why(指原因)四、定语从句的关键词1. thatthat通常用来指代人或物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
)2. whichwhich通常用来指代物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。
例如:I like the dress which you are wearing.(我喜欢你穿的那条裙子。
定语从句讲解PPT最全
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This recorder (which) he is using is made in Japan.
These are the trees which were planted last year. which 指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时,可省略。
which
He is the man (that) I told you about.
the machine = that
the boy =who
the boy’s =whose
in the school = where
关系代词实际上是先行词的复指
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
关系副词实际上是介词+先行词
Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.
3. why
3. why
4. 关系副词的用法注意点
(1)当先行词为time,表示“次数”时,应用关系词that 或省略。如: This is the first time (that) the president has visited the country.
I still remember the day when (= on which) I first came to Nanjing.
My father was born in the year when (= in which) World War Ⅱ broke out.
1. when
1. when
that和which的选择
(2)只用which的情况ose引导的定语从句注意点
定语从句详解+例句
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定语从句详解+例句定语从句是英语重点语法之一,几乎每个人在研究英语时都会遇到,也是高考、四级、六级等考试的重点,因此需要系统的掌握和练。
定语从句在英语中经常出现,用于修饰名词或代词,从而可以更加精准地表达意思。
以下是定语从句的详细解释和例句。
一、什么是定语从句定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词,从而使该名词或代词的含义更加精确。
在定语从句中,包含了一个关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose)或一个关系副词(where,when,why)等。
二、定语从句的种类1. 定义性定语从句定义性定语从句是限制性的定语从句。
它的作用是进一步说明名词的具体内容和范围。
这种定语从句中的关系代词一般用that/who/which。
例:The book which is on the desk is mine. (在桌子上的书是我的。
)2. 非定义性定语从句非定义性定语从句是非限制性的定语从句。
它用来为名词或代词提供附加的描述或补充信息。
这种定语从句中的关系代词一般用which/who。
例:My husband, who is a doctor, is very busy. (我丈夫是个医生,非常忙。
)三、定语从句的引导词1. 关系代词关系代词包括 that、which、who、whom、whose。
指物指人主格 which who宾格 which/ that whom/who形容词性物主代词 whose whose2. 关系副词关系副词有三个,分别是 when、where 和 why,表示时间、地点和原因。
四、定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在它所修饰的名词之后,用于对该名词进行限制或描述。
五、注意点1. 先行词需要同定语从句中的关系代词在性、数上保持一致。
2. 当先行词在定语从句中作为主语时,关系代词要使用主格形式 who 或者 that。
若先行词在定语从句中作为宾语,关系代词要使用宾格形式 whom 或者 that。
高考英语 定语从句知识点归纳讲解(课件)
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试卷讲评课件
▲ as通常以the same … as或such … as的形式引导定语从句,as在定 语从句中作主语、宾语或表语等。 as和which引导非限制性定语从句中都能指代整句内容,which译为“这”, as 译为“正如”。但定语从句位于句首时只能用as。As we all know,…/As is known to all,…(正如大家所知道….)
二、定语从句的关系词用法
试卷讲评课件
(一)关系代词:who、whom、which、that、whose、as
关系代词 who whom whose which that as
先行词 人 人
人/物 物
人/物 人/物
在从句中充当的成分 主语、宾语、表语
宾语 定语 主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语 主语、宾语、表语
三、非限制性定语从句
试卷讲评课件
非限定性定语从句,从句式上看,有逗号隔开。它既可以修饰先行词, 也可修饰整个句子。它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用,只起补充、 说明的作用。 1.非限制性定语从句通常不能用that 2. 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用for which代替why。例如: I had told them the reason,for which I didn't attend the meeting. 3. 非限制性定语从句置于句首时,不能用which引导。关系代词as引导 非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活,可以放主句前,也可以放主句后。
Tranquil/ˈtræŋkwəl/
试卷讲评课件
Li Shangyin(李商隐) 1.Li Shangyin was a Chinese poet of the late Tang Dynasty and born in Henei. 2.Li Shangyin was a typical late Tang poet. His works are sensuous, dense and allusive. 3.His most famous and cryptic poem is called Jin Se. sensuous/ˈsenʃuəs/ , dense/dens/ and allusive/əˈluːʒən/ .敏感、晦涩、含 沙射影。 Shangguan Wan'er(上官婉儿) 1. Shangguan Wan'er was a talented woman in Tang dynasty.
定语从句知识点总结
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定语从句知识点总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要知识点,它在英语句子中起着修饰名词或代词的作用。
通过定语从句,我们可以对名词进行进一步的说明和限定,使句子更加丰富和具体。
在学习定语从句的知识点时,我们需要了解其构成、引导词、关系代词的用法以及注意事项等内容。
一、定语从句的构成。
定语从句由关系词引导,包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有,that, which, who, whom, whose等;关系副词有,where, when, why等。
定语从句一般紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面,用来对其进行进一步的说明和限定。
二、关系代词的用法。
1. that,用来指人或物,在限定性定语从句中既可以作主语也可以作宾语。
2. which,用来指物,在非限定性定语从句中作主语或宾语。
3. who,用来指人,在限定性定语从句中作主语或宾语。
4. whom,用来指人,在限定性定语从句中作宾语。
5. whose,表示所有关系,在定语从句中修饰名词。
三、关系副词的用法。
1. where,表示地点,在定语从句中作状语。
2. when,表示时间,在定语从句中作状语。
3. why,表示原因,在定语从句中作状语。
四、定语从句的注意事项。
1. 当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时,关系代词可以充当。
2. 当定语从句中缺少宾语时,关系代词可以省略。
3. 当定语从句中缺少主语时,关系代词不可以省略。
4. 当定语从句中缺少宾语时,关系代词不可以省略。
5. 当定语从句中缺少宾语时,关系代词不可以省略。
6. 当定语从句中缺少宾语时,关系代词不可以省略。
五、定语从句的例句。
1. The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.2. I have a friend who comes from Canada.3. This is the house where I was born.4. Do you know the reason why he is so happy?六、总结。
定语从句结构知识点总结
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定语从句结构知识点总结一、定语从句的引导词定语从句可以由关系代词和关系副词引导,其中关系代词包括who, whom, whose, which, that, 关系副词包括when, where, why。
下面分别对它们进行详细介绍。
1. 关系代词(1)whowho用来修饰表示人的名词或代词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
在口语和非正式文体中,who通常可以替换为that。
例句:The man who is sitting over there is my English teacher.(2)whomwhom用来修饰表示人的名词或代词,在定语从句中作宾语。
例句:The girl whom you met yesterday is my sister.(3)whosewhose用来修饰表示人或物的名词或代词,在定语从句中表示所属关系。
例句:This is the girl whose bag was stolen.(4)whichwhich用来修饰表示物的名词或代词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
在口语和非正式文体中,which通常可以替换为that。
例句:The book which you are reading is very interesting.(5)thatthat用来修饰表示人或物的名词或代词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
在口语和非正式文体中,that通常可以替换为which。
例句:This is the coat that I bought last week.2. 关系副词(1)whenwhen用来修饰表示时间的名词,在定语从句中表示时间。
例句:The day when we first met was a sunny day.(2)wherewhere用来修饰表示地点的名词,在定语从句中表示地点。
例句:This is the place where we used to play.(3)whywhy用来修饰表示原因的名词,在定语从句中表示原因。
总结定语从句知识点
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总结定语从句知识点1. 定语从句的基本结构定语从句通常由关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)或关系副词(where, when, why)引导,与所修饰的名词或代词构成一个从句。
定语从句的基本结构为:关系代词/关系副词 + 谓语 + 其他成分。
例如:The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.在这个句子中,定语从句是“which/that I bought yesterday”,它修饰的是名词“book”,其中关系代词“which/that”引导引导定语从句,而谓语是“bought”,其他成分是“yesterday”。
2. 关系代词的选择在选择关系代词时,需要根据其在定语从句中的成分以及其所修饰的名词的性质来决定。
通常情况下,关系代词的选择有以下几点:(1)指人的名词一般用关系代词 who/whom/whose,指物的名词一般用which/that。
(2)在非限制性定语从句中,只能使用关系代词who/whom/whose/which,而不能使用that。
(3)当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,要根据所修饰的名词是人还是物,决定使用who/which或that。
例如:The woman who/that is standing over there is my English teacher.The book which/that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.3. 定语从句的位置定语从句通常放在被修饰的名词之后,形成一个完整的句子。
但在特定情况下,定语从句也可以放在被修饰的名词之前。
通常情况下,定语从句的位置有以下几点:(1)定语从句放在被修饰的名词之后时,一般不用逗号与主句分开,因为这种情况下定语从句与主句构成一个紧密结合的句子。
定语从句讲解
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定语从句一.课文原句I like music that I can dance to .我喜欢可以随之跳舞的音乐。
Rose likes music that’s quiet and gentle. 玫瑰喜欢轻柔的音乐。
I prefer singers who write their own lyrics . 我喜欢自己写歌词的歌手。
以上三个句子都是含有定语从句的复合句。
第一,二句均是由that 引导的定语从句,修饰先行词都是music,第三句是由who 引导的定语从句,修饰先行词singers.二.概念及构成在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
定语从句放在先行词的后面,由关系代词或关系副词引导。
其结构为:先行词+关系代词或关系副词+从句。
引导定语从句的关系代词有that , which , who , whom , whose等,关系副词有where , when , why 等。
三.用法点拨1.关系代词在定语从句中的用法关系代词that , which , who , whom , whose 放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又代替先行词在从句中充当某一成分,关系代词作从句的宾语时通常可以省略,但作从句主语时不能省略。
(1)that在从句中可以作主语或宾语,可以指人也可以指物This is the PE teacher that plays soccer best. (作主语)这就是踢足球最棒的那位体育老师。
He isn’t the person that I talked to just now . (作宾语)他不是刚才和我说话的那个人。
I like the cat that has four white paws . (作主语)我喜欢那只长着四只白色爪子的猫。
This is the cat that I like best . (作宾语)这就是我最喜欢的那只猫。
定语从句知识点详细总结
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定语从句知识点详细总结一、定语从句的定义定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,它用来修饰名词或代词,限定其具体的内容或范围。
定语从句充当一个形容词的作用,对名词进行修饰、限定或补充说明。
二、定语从句的分类1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词有:who, whom, whose, which, that。
2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词有:when, where, why。
关系代词用来引导修饰人或物的定语从句,关系副词专门用来引导修饰时间、地点和原因等的定语从句。
三、定语从句的引导词的选择1. 指人时可用关系代词who, whom, whose, that引导;2. 指物时可用关系代词which, that引导;3. 指人或物的地点时可用关系副词where引导;4. 指人或物的时间时可用关系副词when引导;5. 指人或物的原因时可用关系副词why引导。
四、定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,作为一个整体来修饰它。
如:the man who is talking over there(正在那里说话的人)。
五、定语从句的用法1. 修饰名词或代词定语从句用来对名词或代词进行修饰,起到限定或补充说明的作用。
如:The book that you borrowed from me is very interesting(你从我这里借的那本书非常有趣)。
2. 表示所属关系定语从句还可以表示所属关系,用来说明名词或代词所属的人或物。
如:The man whose car is parked over there is my friend(停在那里的那辆车的主人是我的朋友)。
3. 表示时间、地点、原因定语从句还可以用来修饰表示时间、地点、原因等的名词或代词。
如:I still rememberthe day when we first met(我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那天)。
六、关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的用法1. who, whom, whose, thatwho, whom, whose, that都可用来引导修饰人的定语从句,其中who常用作主语,whom常用作宾语,whose用来表达所属关系或修饰名词。
定语从句知识点归纳总结
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一、定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有 that, which, who, whom, whose 等;关系副词有 when, where, why 等。
1. 关系代词的用法that 既可以指人也可以指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
which 指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语。
who 指人,在定语从句中作主语、宾语。
whom 指人,在定语从句中作宾语。
whose 既可以指人也可以指物,在定语从句中作定语。
2. 关系副词的用法when 指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
where 指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
why 指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。
三、定语从句的分类1. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系紧密,一般不可缺少,否则主句的意思就不完整。
2. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明的作用,关系较松散,即使去掉,主句的意思仍然完整。
非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号隔开。
四、定语从句中关系词的选择1. 先行词是人时,关系词用 who/whom/that当先行词在从句中作主语时,用 who/that。
当先行词在从句中作宾语时,用 whom/who/that(在口语或非正式文体中常用 who 代替 whom)。
2. 先行词是物时,关系词用 which/that当先行词在从句中作主语或宾语时,用 which/that。
3. 先行词是人和物时,关系词用 that4. 先行词是时间名词时,关系词用 when当先行词在从句中作时间状语时,用 when。
5. 先行词是地点名词时,关系词用 where当先行词在从句中作地点状语时,用 where。
6. 先行词是 reason 时,关系词用 why当先行词在从句中作原因状语时,用 why。
定语从句知识总结(精选8篇)
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定语从句知识总结(精选8篇)定语从句知识总结篇1一.定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句:修饰某一句中的名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
被修饰的词称为先行词。
2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句。
2,代替先行词。
3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each yearrises one million.(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4)The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5)Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6)Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1)The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.(2)The school in which he once studied is very famous.(3)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.(4)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5)We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talk-ed about.(6) We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.2.关系代词前的介词的选择* 由先行词的习惯搭配或根据先行词的需要。
定语从句最全面的知识点整理
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定语从句最全面的知识点整理定语从句是修饰一个名词或代词的从句,用于进一步说明或限定这个名词或代词的内容。
下面是定语从句的最全面的知识点整理:1.引导词:- 关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that- 关系副词:where, when, why2.关系代词的用法:- who:指人作主语或宾语- whom:指人作宾语- whose:指人或物作定语,表示所属关系- which:指物作主语或宾语- that:指人或物作主语或宾语,可省略3.关系副词的用法:- where:指地点,在定语从句中作状语- when:指时间,在定语从句中作状语- why:指原因,在定语从句中作状语4.定语从句的结构:-先行词+关系代词/关系副词+句子-关系代词/关系副词在定语从句中担任特定成分5.定语从句的位置:-定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后,形成一个整体6.先行词的选择:- 指人:who, whom, whose- 指物:which, whose- 指人或物:that7.定语从句的用法和功能:-限定性定语从句:对先行词进行具体的限制和说明,不可省略,不用逗号隔开-非限定性定语从句:对先行词进行额外的补充说明,可省略,用逗号隔开8.定语从句的语法注意事项:-先行词在定语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或介词的宾语等- 在定语从句中,关系代词充当宾语时,只能用 whom;关系代词充当主语时,只能用 who 或 that-当关系代词作介词的宾语时9.定语从句的省略:-当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语且有前置介词时,可省略-当先行词为所有格时,关系代词可省略10.定语从句的比较级和最高级:-定语从句中修饰的先行词是比较级或最高级时,关系代词与其相应词的用法相同,也可省略。
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定语从句汇总讲解1◆英语谚语欣赏1. He who knows nothing but pretends to know everything is indeed a good-for -nothing.不懂装懂,一事无成.2. It's the first step that costs.千里之行,始于足下3. He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf. 甘当小绵羊,迟早要喂狼.Ⅰ. 概念:(1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。
(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。
(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用:1) 引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词;2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose、as 、but (文语, 置于否定词之后=that/who…not…, "没有……不……", 在从句中作主语,宾语)常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when、why、whereThe student who answered the question was John.I know the reason why he was so angry.The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother.I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.定语从句三步:第一找出先行词;第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语);第三选择合适的关系词。
Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法:●that: 可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。
(指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如:1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语)2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now?3. You can take anything ( that) you like. (宾语)4. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about?5. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.6. She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.(表语)7. Our hometown is no longer the one (that) it used to be.= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be.= Our hometown is different from what it used to be。
= Our hometown is not what it used to be.●which: 指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语,定语。
如:1. The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.(主语)2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.(宾语)3. The factory in which his father works is far from here.4. He was proud, which his brother never was. (表语)5. Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.(定语)6. He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.●who, whom, whose:who: 主格, 在从句中作主语,在口语或非正式用法中作宾语; 只可指人whom: 宾格,在从句中作宾语; 只可指人whose: 属格,在从句中作定语,可指人也可指物。
I like the students who/that work hard. (主语)All who heard the story were amazed. (代词如he, they, any, those, all, one等后多用who.)Chaplin, for whom life had once been very hard, was a success as an actor. (宾语)He's a man from whom we should learn.= He's a man (whom/who/that) we should learn from.比较:He is the student whom you think to be worthy of your praise.He is the student who you think is worth praising.A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.(指人)I'd like a room whose window faces south. (指物)=I'd like a room of which the window faces south.=I'd like a room the window of which faces south.There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of whose mouth tea is supposed to come关系代词作介词宾语:关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时, 介词可放于从句之首, 也可放于从句之末. 但以放于句首较为正式.(介词前置,必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。
关系代词who 和that 用作介词宾语时, 介词必须放在句末.) This is the book for which you asked.=This is the book (that/which) you asked for.Do you know the person with whom I shook hands?= Do you know the person (whom/who/that) I shook hands with?The beginning of agriculture was a big step in human progress with which nothing could compare until our information age.In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.Is this the factory to which you paid a visit last week?Is this factory the one to which you paid a visit last week?This is the girl whom they are looking after. (介词after与look构成固定词组,不可前置。
look at, look for, look after, take care of等)●as 的用法:(as 引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语)①如为限制性的,多用于the same …as ; the same as;such …as …; as many/much as;so …as等结构中。
如:※I have the same book as you (have). 我有一本和你的一样的书。
Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been. (关系代词as和指示代词same连用, 在从句中用作表语, 先行词是same.)※.---Why didn't you mention that in face of the police just now?--- I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth mentioning.We will only discuss such problems as have something to do with our own interests.Don't do such things as you are not sure about.There is no such place as you dream of in all this world.比较:I live in the same house that he used to live in.I'm wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday.比较:Here is so big a stone as no one can lift. (定语从句)Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.(结果状语从句)②如为非限制性的,多单独引导一个定语从句,这种定语从句可置于句首,句中或句尾,译为"正如,这一点"。
(动词常为know, see, expect, point out, etc.)※As we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health . (as 作宾语)=As is known to all, smoking is harmful to one's health . (as 作主语)=It's known to all that smoking is harmful to one's health .=Smoking is harmful to one's health , as we all know .(as 作宾语)=Smoking, as we all know, is harmful to one' health.※He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent. (宾语, 先行词是前面整个句子)Ⅲ. 关系副词引导的定语从句:●When 指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。