新视野大学英语第三版第四册第一单元(课后题单词短语翻译解析答案)U1-Expressions in use Words in use

Unit 1 A
Text A: Words in use
1.crumbled
crumble 英/'krʌmb(ə)l/ vi. 崩溃，瓦解，消失
As the gender barriers crumbled, the number of women working as lawyers, doctors, or bankers began to increase significantly from the mid-20th century.
随着性别障碍的瓦解，从20世纪中期开始，从事律师、医生或银行家工作的女性数量开始显著增加。

2.discern 英/dɪ’sɜːn/ vt. 看出，觉察出，辨明
With the data collected each year, the owner of the shop can discern customer trends and how things like weather and economic indicators affect sales performance.
通过每年收集的数据，店主可以了解顾客的趋势，以及天气、经济指标之类的事物对销售业绩的影响。

3.surpass 英/sə’pɑːs/ vt. 超过，胜过
His supervisor pushes and motivates him in such a positive manner that he is not only able to reach but to surpass his personal goals.
他的上司以这样一种积极的方式推动和激励他，使他不仅能够达到而且能够超越自己的目标。

supervisor 英/'suːpəvaɪzə;'sjuː/ n. 监督人，指导者；[管理] 管理人；检查员
4.shrewd 英/ʃruː d/ a. 精明的，机敏的，准确的，英明的
He is a man with a shrewd business sense. He has built his initial investment into a substantial and even excessively large fortune.
他是个精明的生意人。

他把最初的投资变成了一笔可观的、甚至是巨额的财富。

5.conversion 英/ kən’vɜːʃ(ə) n/ n. 转变，改造，转换
The conversion of nuclear radiation directly into electricity was an exciting possibility that was being vigorously explored in many laboratories in the 1950s.
将核辐射直接转化为电能是20世纪50年代许多实验室正在积极探索的一种令人兴奋的可能性。

6.distort 英/dɪ’stɔːt/ vt. 歪曲，曲解
I was not only shocked but also disgusted that the report tried to distort the scientific facts in such a manner that even some highly-educated people were fooled.
我不仅感到震惊，而且感到恶心，因为这份报告试图歪曲科学事实，甚至一些受过高等教育的人也被愚弄了。

7.radiant 英/'reɪdɪənt/ a. 容光焕发的，喜悦的
Sixty-two and blessed with his mother’s s kin, the fisherman had withstood a lifetime of exposure to the sun and looked as radiant as a man in his forties.
62岁的渔夫拥有母亲的皮肤，他一生都经受住了日晒，看上去像一个四十多岁的男人一样容光焕发。

8.ingenious 英/ɪn’dʒiːnɪəs/ a. 有独创性的，别出心裁的，构思巧妙的
French educator Louis Braille invented a simple but ingenious code which has had an impact on the lives of generations of people who are blind.
法国教育家路易斯·布莱叶发明了一种简单而巧妙的密码，这种密码对几代盲人的生活产生了影响。

9.stumped
stump 英/stʌmp/ v. 使困惑，难倒
The senators didn’t expect us to ask such tough questions, and when we finally did, they got stumped and didn’t know what to say.
参议员们没想到我们会问这么棘手的问题，当我们终于提出时，他们被难住了，不知该说些什么。

10.proposition 英/prɒpə’zɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 提议，建议，主张，观点，看法
This newly established university supports the proposition that a more diverse higher education system is desirable since it would enhance opportunities for lifelong learning.
这所新成立的大学支持这样的观点:更多样化的高等教育体系是可取的，因为它将增加终身学习的机会。

Text A: Expressions in use
1The brick walls of the ruined buildings were drippingwith green mold and moisture,and she shivered involuntarily, looking down to avoid the sight.
被毁坏的建筑物的砖墙上滴着绿色的霉菌和湿气，她不由自主地打了个寒颤，俯视着避开视线。

2.As urban populations exported finished goods in-exchange for raw materials fromneighboring populations, organized trade grew substantially.
随着城市人口出口制成品以换取邻近人口的原材料，有组织的贸易大幅增长
3Knowing just how quickly a wildfire can spread,some residents of the village decided to leave their homes after the flames flared up nearby.
知道野火蔓延的速度有多快，村里的一些居民决定在附近的火势爆发后离开他们的家
4.Biology teachers often make an analogy between the heart and a pump in order to help studentsunderstand how the heart works.
为了帮助学生了解心脏的工作原理，4位生物老师经常把心脏和泵作类比。

5 They would like to set a date for their wedding and announce their engage mentto their families and friends as soon as possible.
他们下想为他们的婚礼定一个日期，并尽快向他们家人和朋友宣布他们的订婚
6.He was determined not to sour a perfectly good day with the memory of one jealous classmate trying to make a fool out of由什么制造him in front of the entire class. 他决心不让一天过得愉快，因为他想起了一个嫉妒的伙伴试图在全班同学面前愚弄他
7.The couple made a pact never to work at the same time, so that one of themwas always on full-time parenting duty,andtheir child wouldn't have to be looked afterby strangers.
这对夫妇约定永远不要同时工作，所以他们中的一个总是做全职父母，他们的孩子不必被陌生人照顾。

8The president said that it's the worst earthquake ever to hit the country, and that he had appealed to the world for help, asking in particular for heavy lift helicopter sable to arry relief supplies into the isolated mountain arears.
总统说，这是有史以来最严重的一次客什地震，他呼吁全世界提供帮助，特别是向重型直升机“黑鸟”群求帮助。